Many Filipinos took refuge in Europe

and initiated in Spain a crusade for

reforms in the Philippines. The
immergence of more Filipino
illustrados gave birth to a unified
nationalist movement. This campaign
was known in our history as the
Propaganda Movement.
the nature of the reform
movement
The middle class denounced Spanish
abuses and asked Spain to make the
Philippines a province of Spain.
The reformists believed that the Filipinos
would be better off if they were to become
Spanish citizens enjoying all the rights and
privileges of the latter.
The assimilation of the Philippines was to
be published in a peaceful manner.
Reforms:
Equality of the Filipinos and Spaniards before
the law
Filipino representative to the Spanish Cortes
Secularization of Philippine parishes and the
expulsion of the friars.
Human rights for the Filipinos
Freedom of speech
 freedom of the press
Freedom to meet/assembly
Petition for redress grievances
Del Pilar
A lawyer and journalist from Bulacan
During Pintakasi (cockfighting day) he spoke
out to the crowd by satirizing corrupt officials
and friars.
He sought to reached to people through his
pen.
He wrote anti-friar pamphlets in simple yet
forceful Tagalog.
He helped established the first bilingual
newspaper, Diaryong Tagalog
He became the editor in the Tagalog section.
Cont.
He released Dasalan at Tocsohan, a manual of
anti-clerical commentary in the format of a
novena. He parodied Lord’s Prayer, Hail Mary,
Apostles creed, Ten Commandments, Act of
Contrition.
Del Pilar’s stay in the country became
dangerous.
His house was burned mysteriously
He left the country in October 1888 to escape
persecution.
Lopez-Jaena
He wrote Fray Botod/Friar fatbelly in 1874.
Looked like hungry mosquito and soon
became stout because of the stocks taken
from people.
Because of his anti-clerical literature, he
moved Madrid where he joined other Filipino
expatriates into journalism.
Rizal
Calamba, Laguna
1882, he went to Madrid to study medicine
Socio-historical novel Noli Me tangere in 1887.
Noli reflected the defects of the Spanish rule
in the Philippines, particularly the abuses of
the friars.
The impact of the reading in the Philippines
was so intense that it was prohibited in the
Philippines.
Other great Filipino
reformist:
Perdo A. Paterno, lawyer
Antonio Luna, pharmacist and essayist
Pedro Serrano Laktaw, teacher-tutor of Prince
Alfonso
Isabelo de los Reyes, folklorist and
newspaperman
Juan Luna, painter (spoliarium)
Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo, painter
La Solidaridad
“Sol”/newspaper/feb. 15, 1889
Solidarity/purely Filipino organization
Established in Barcelona on December 31,c
1888.
To make known the objectives of the
Propaganda.
It was printed in Barcelona from Feb to Oct
1889
“sol” contributors
M.H. Del Pilar - Plaridel
Rizal – Dimas Alang, Laong Laan
Mariano Ponce – Naning, Kalipulako,
Tigbalang
Antonio Luna – Taga-Ilog
Ferdinand Blumentritt
Miguel Morayta – Rizal’s professor in
University of Madrid
THE AIMS OF LA SOLIDARIDAD
To collect, gather libertarian ideas which are
manifested daily in the field of politics, science, art,
literature, commerce, agriculture, and industry.
To discuss all problems relating to the general interest
of the nation
To seek solutions to those problems in high-level and
democratic manner.
DEL PILAR:
The removal of the friars and the secularization of the
parishes.
Active participation in the affairs of the government.
Freedom of speech, of the press, and of the assembly
A wider social and political freedom
Equality before the law
Assimilation
Masonry
Helped them in their fight for reforms

Revolucion – 1st Filipino Masonic lodge

founded by Jaena in Barcelona.
Lodge Solidaridad – in Madrid
Lodge Nilad – wanted a dignified, free and
prosperous country with a democratic regime
and genuine and effective autonomy, a good
government
They wanted reforms, representation in the
Spanish Cortes
Cont.
Declaration of the country as a Spanish
country
With all rights and obligations.
As of May 1893, the masonic lodges in the
country numbered 35, nine of which were in
the city of Manila.
They also accepted women as members.
Rosario Villaruel – 1st woman to be accepted
as member on July 18, 1893.
Other female members include; Trinidad
Rizal, Romualda Ranuza, Josefa Rizal, Marina
La Liga Filipina
Founded by Rizal on July 30, 1892 at the
residence of Doroteo Ongjunco in Ilaya,
Tondo, Manila.
Ambrosio Salvador as President
Deodado Arellano –Vice
Bonifacio Arellano – treasurer
Agustin Dela Rosa - fiscal
La liga…
Sort of a mutual aid and self-help society,
dispensing scholarship funds and legal aids,
loaning capital and setting up cooperatives.
Unus Instar Omnium (one like all)
Served as an avowal of their ideals.
Objectives:
Unification of the whole archipelago into one
compact
Vigorous and homogenous body
Protection in cases of want and necessity
Defense against violence and injustices
Encouragement of instruction, agriculture and
commerce
Study and implementation of reforms
Most important reforms of the
association
Compulsory teaching of Spanish in all schools
Suppression of inhuman punishment in all jails
and tribunals of justice
Establishment of the civil register and the
register of deeds
Abolition of the diezmos prediales and the
sanctorum
Establishments of secondary schools in 2 or 3
provinces of the archipelago
Reforms in the University of Sto. Tomas in
order to raise it to the rank of the universities in
Spain
Establishment of agricultural banks
This situation alarmed the Spanish
authority. On July 6, 1892, Rizal
was secretly arrested by order of
Governor General Despujol and
subsequently imprisoned at Fort
Santiago. The following day, he
was deported to Dapitan,
Zamboanga del Norte for his
allegedly subversive material.
 Evaluation

Do you think the Propaganda Movement made

progress in our struggle for freedom? Cite
examples.