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Rz(h)
f2 8R(r)
10
Rp
Rz
Ry
Rv
RzRpRv Rz is obtained from the total in micron meter of the mean value of the each distance between the mean line and 5 peaks (Yp) from the highest one, and the mean value of the each distance between the mean line and the 5 valleys (Yv) from the lowest one, of the roughness curve in the range of sampled reference length . Yp1Yp2Yp3Yp4Yp5Yv1Yv2Yv3Yv4Yv5 5
Yp1 Yp3 Yp4 Yp2 Yv5
m
Yv5
Yv1
Yv2
Yv3
RzJIS
RzJIS
Yp1,Yp2,Yp3,Yp4,Yp5: Distance from the mean line to highest 5 peaks in the range of sampled reference length Yv1,Yv2,Yv3,Yv4,Yv5: Distance from the mean line to the lowest 5 valleys in the range of sampled reference length
Yv4
Note: Finishing symbol (Triangleand wave~) was abolished from JIS standard from 1994 Revision. How to Indicate Example When Ra is 1.6m1.6mRa When Rz is 6.3m6.3mRz When RzJIS is 6.3m6.3mRzJIS
Ra
Ra is obtained from the following formula in micron meter when the roughness curve is expressed by y=f(x), taking X-axis to the mean line direction and Y-axis to the vertical magnification of the roughness curve in the range of sampled reference length . 1 Ra f(x) dx 0
Y m
Ra
Rz6.3
R
Rz6.3~1.6
V= DN 1000
When indicating both lower and upper limit (when upper limit is 6.3mRa, lower limit is 1.6mRa)
6.3 1.6
R3
Technical Information
When indicating both lower and upper limit Indicate surface roughness as (upper limit ~ lower limit) following the parameter symbol.
[Technical Data]
[Technical Data]
b : Machining Method c : Cut-Off Value, Evaluation Length c' : Reference Length, Evaluation Length d : Grain Direction f : Parameter other than Ra(tp:Parameter/Cut-Off Level) g : Surface Undulation(JIS B 0610)
Ra =
f ( ) dx
a e d
c g e d
Reference These symbols except a and f are provided when they are needed. Reference Under ISO 1302, a nish range should be indicated as e in Fig. 1. Code Meaning The trace left by a cutting instrument is parallel to the projection plane in the drawing. Ex. Shaped Surface Illustration
Maximum Height Ry
A portion stretching over a reference length in the direction in which
Rp
m
Ry
the average line extends is cut out from the roughness curve. The gap between the peak line and the trough line is measured in the direction in which the magnitude axis extends, in microns(m).
Reference A portion without an abnormally high peak or abnormally low trough, which may be regarded as a aw, is cut out over the reference length.
Ry=Rp+Rv
Rv
m
Yp 4 Yp 5 Yp 3
A portion stretching over a reference length in the direction in which the average line extends is cut out from the roughness curve. The average of the levels(Yp)of the highest peak to the fth highest peak as measured from the average line and the average of the levels(Yp)of the lowest trough to the fth lowest trough similarly measured in the said portion are added together. Rz is this sum, in microns(m).
The trace left by a cutting instrument is perpendicular to the projection plane in the drawing. Ex. Shaped Surface(Side View) Circular Cut, Cylindrical Cut
Y V3
Y V1
Y V2
Y V4
Y V5
Rz=
+ Yv1 + Yv2 + Yv3 + Yv4 + Yv5 5 Yp1, Yp2, Yp3, Yp4, Yp5 : Levels of the highest peak to the fth highest peak in the
The pattern left by a cutting instrument diagonally crosses the projection plane in the drawing. Ex. Honed Surface
said portion with the reference length . Yv1, Yv2, Yv3, Yv4, Yv5 : Levels of the lowest trough to the fth lowest trough in the said portion with the reference length .
Maximum Height Ry
Standard Series
The pattern left by a cutting instrument crosses in various directions or has no grain direction. Ex. Lapped Surface, Supernished Surface and Surface Finished with a Front Mill or End Mill The pattern left by a cutting instrument is virtually concentric around the center of the plane in the drawing. Ex. Faced Surface
Grain Direction
0.012 a 0.025 a 0.05 a 0.1 a 0.2 a 0.4 0.8 1.6 3.2 6.3 12.5 25 50 100 a a a a a a a a a
0.05s 0.1s 0.2s 0.4s 0.8s 1.6s 3.2s 6.3s 12.5s 25s 50s 100s 200s 400s
0.05z 0.1z 0.2z 0.4z 0.8z 1.6z 3.2z 6.3z 12.5z 25z 50z 100z 200z 400z
0.8
2.5 8
2.5 8 ~
The pattern left by a cutting instrument is virtually radial around the center of the plane in the drawing.
Machining Method
(a) Milled 3.2 3.2 (b) M
*Interrelations among the three types shown here are not precise, and are presented for convenience only. *Ra:The evaluation values of Ry and Rz are the cut-off value and the reference length each multiplied by ve, respectively.
2839
2840
Technical Data
Technical Data
Arithmetical mean roughness Ra Former designations Standard values of of standard length surface (mm) roughness Triangular indication Forging Casting Die casting Hot rolling Cold rolling Drawing Extruding Tumbling Sandblasting Rolling Face cutter grinding Planing
Carving Slotting
Symbol
The tolerance zone is a zone held between two parallel planes a distance t apart.
0.08
This surface shall be contained between two parallel planes 0.08mm apart.
The tolerance zone in the considered plane is a zone between two concentric circles a distance t apart.
0.1
Form tolerance
The circumference in any section normal to the axis shall be contained between two concentric circles 0.1mm apart on the same plane. The considered surface shall be contained between two coaxial cylinder surfaces 0.1mm apart.
Cylindricity tolerance Profile tolerance of line Precision Profile tolerance of surface Parallelism tolerance Orientation Perpendicularity tolerance tolerance Angularity tolerance Positional tolerance Coaxiality tolerance Location or tolerance concentricity tolerance Symmetry tolerance
Measuring plane
The tolerance zone is a zone contained between two coaxial cylinder surfaces a distance t apart.
0.1
The tolerance zone is a zone held between two lines enveloping circles of diameter t, the centers of which are situated on a theoretically exact profile line. The tolerance zone is a zone held between the two surfaces enveloping the spheres of diameter t, the centers of which are situated on a theoretically exact profile surface. The tolerance zone is a zone held between two parallel planes parallel to the datum plane and a distance t apart from each other.
0.04
In any cross-section parallel to the projection plane the considered profile shall be contained between two lines enveloping circles of 0.04mm in diameter, the centers of which are situated on a line having the theoretically exact profile. The considered surface shall be contained between two surfaces enveloping the spheres of diameter 0.02mm, the centers of which are situated on a surface having the theoretically exact profile. The surface shown by the arrow of the leader line shall be contained between two planes parallel to the datum plane A and 0.01mm apart from each other in the direction of the arrow of the leader line. The axis of the cylinder shown by the arrow of the leader line shall be contained within a cylinder of diameter 0.01mm perpendicular to the datum plane A.
0.02
0.01 A
Cutter grinding Precision boring Filing Working method Round grinding Boring Drilling Reaming Broach grinding Shaving Grinding Hone finishing Super finishing Buffing Paper finishing Lapping Liquid honing Burnishing Surface rolling Electric discharge carving Wire cut electric spark Chemical polishing Electrolytic abrasion Precision Precision Precision Precision Precision Precision Precision Fine Precision
Precision
Where symbol is attached before the numerical value indicating the tolerance, the tolerance zone is a zone within a cylinder of diameter t perpendicular to the datum plane.
0.01 A
Precision Precision
The tolerance zone is a zone held between two parallel planes inclined at the specified angle to the datum plane and a distance t apart from each other. The tolerance zone is a zone within a circle or sphere of diameter t having its center at the theoretically exact location, hereinafter referred to as thetrue location. Where symbol is attached before the numerical value indicating the tolerance, the tolerance zone is a zone within a cylinder of diameter t whose axis agrees with the datum axial straight line. The tolerance zone is a zone held between two parallel planes a distance t apart from each other and arranged symmetrically about the datum median plane.
0.08 A
40
A B
60
The surface shown by the arrow of the leader line shall be contained between two parallel planes which are inclined at 40with theoretical exactness to the datum plane A and which are 0.08mm apart from each other in the direction of the arrow of the leader line.
Medium
Rough
True location
100
A
Precision
0.03 AB The point shown by the arrow of the leader line shall be contained within a circle of 0.03mm diameter having its center at the true location 60mm and 100mm apart, respectively,from the datum straight line A A and from the datum straight line B. 0.01 A The axis shown by the arrow of the leader line shall be contained within a cylinder of 0.01mm diameter whose axis agrees with the datum axial straight line A. 0.08 A The median surface shown by the arrow of the leader line shall be contained between two parallel planes 0.08mm apart from each other and arranged symmetrically about the datum median plane A. The run-out in the radial direction of the cylinder surface shown by the arrow of the leader line shall not exceed 0.1mm on any measuring plane normal to the datum axial straight line when the cylinder is rotated by one rotation about the datum axial straight line A-B. The total radial run-out of the cylinder surface shown by the arrow of the leader line shall not exceed 0.1mm at any point on the cylinder surface when the cylinder part is rotated about the datum axial straight line A-B with a relative movement in the axial direction.
The tolerance is a zone between two concentric circles whose centers agree with the datum axial straight line on any measuring plane normal to the datum axial Toleranced straight line and which are a distance t apart surface from each other in the radial direction. The tolerance zone is a zone between two coaxial cylinders having axes agreeing with the datum axial straight line and a distance t apart from each other in the radial direction.
0.1 AB
B 0.1 AB
Lines used in the drawings in the column ofdefinition of tolerance zoneindicate the following meanings Thick solid line or broken line Feature Thin alternate long and short dash line Center line Thick alternate long and short dash line Datum Thin alternate long and two short dashes line Supplementary projection plane or sectional plane Thin solid line or broken line Tolerance zone Thick alternate long and two short dashes line Projection of a feature to supplementary Projection plane or sectional plane
1129
1130