PIERRE SAMUEL Algebraic Theory ‘of Numbers ‘Translated from the French by Allan J. Silberger HERMANN Publishers in Arts and Science, Paris, France“Tradated Grom the orignal French text Théviealdrqr des nani, blued by Hermann, Pais, fn 1967 in he sens Mode Printed in Great Betain by Willa Clowes and Sons, Limited, London and Beles (0 menacas, PARIS 10 [Al rights reserved. No par fet work may be reproduced or transtted in any form or by aay ‘means, electronic oF mechanical including photoopying and recording, ot by any information storage or eeteval ster, without permision in writing Com the original publihe.Contents NOTATIONS, DEFINITIONS, AND PREREQUISITES cutarrer 1 Principal ideal rings Divisiilty in principal ideal rings yeaze Some lemmas concerning ideals; Euler's p-function - Some preliminaries concerning modules ‘Modules over principal ideal rings Roots of unity in a field . Finite fields cuxpren it Elements integral over a ring, elements algebraic over a field 1, Elements integral over a ring 2 Integrally closed rings : 3. Elements algebraic over 8 field Algebraic extensions | 4. Conjugate elements, conjugate felds 5, Tntegers in quadratic elds 6. Norms and traces 7. The discriminant 8. The terminology of number fields 8. Cyclotomic fields Appendix. The field of complex numbers is algebraically closed cuxrran m Noetherian rings and Dedekind rings 1, Noetherian rings and modules. 2. An application concerning integral elements 3. Some preliminaries concerning ideals 4. Dedekind rings 5. ‘The norm of an ideal ‘An example: the diophanuine equations X? 4 Y? = Z? and Xt + 13 13 18 ir 19 21 23 23 7 27 32 Erg al 2 a a 2