Confusing MCQS in MCAT Preparation

here i posted some mcqs at which i found difficulty and confusions (preparation of M CAT) and shared with you .. all of you are welcomed to ans these mcqs and help me sort out my confusions .. Moreover , i request all of you to post here the mcqs at which you find difficulty.. i do hope ,help will be there.. "Spread the knowledge by helping and sharing" one more thing plzz try to describe your answers briefly beside just giving answers.. it would be really 'the sharing of knowledge'.. thanxxx - - - Updated - - -

1. When abacteriophage in its lytic phase carries some of the bacterium's partiallydigested chromosome with it to another host cell the process is called a. Conjugation b. Transformation c. Transduction d. Restricted transduction 2. which one istrue for Pox-viruses? a. RNA-enveloped b. DNA-non enveloped c. DNA-enveloped d. DNA-naked virion 3. A disease virus in which nerves are damaged is the a. Yellow fever b. Polio c. Measles d. Xerophthalmia 4. Gram positivebacteria are usually a. Cocci b. Bacilli c. Stained pink d. Spirochete 5. Morphologicallythe tobacco mosaic virus is the a. Round shape b. Tadpole like c. Cubical shape d. Rod shape

6. The poison,produced by bacteria during infection in host is called a. Toxins b.Antitoxins c. Toxoids d.Afflotoxins 7. Antibiotics aresynthesized by certain organisms such as a. Penicillium b. Actinomycetes c. Both a%b d. Oscilletoria 8. plant donot store carbohydrates as glucose because it is a. attracts insect herbivores b. dissolves in water thereby altering the osmotic balance c. is an unstable molecule d. would replace ribose in DNA replication 9. n which of the following flat worms the digestive system is absent? a. tape worms b. liver fluke c. hydra d. blood fluke

10. Capsium anum is the scientific name of a. datura b. tobacco c.red pepper d. black pepper 11. when yeast ispoducing wine, which of the following is not formed a. pyruvic acid b. acetyl co enzyme-A c. ethanol d. carbon dioxide 12. the function of the mitochondrialcristac is to a. prevent escape O2 gas b. store co-enzyme-A c. increase the surface area of the inner membrane d. increase the avalibility of phospholipids 13.Animals which areunable to adjust their internal salt concentration according to externalenvironment is; a. Anhydrobiosis b. Osmoregulators

c. Thermoregulatory d. Osmoconformers 14. Liver is a large organ, making the body weight up to; a. 2 -- 3 % b. 3 -- 6 % c. 1 -- 2 % d. 3 -- 5 % 15. the bloodpressure in kidneys is higher that in the other organs this high pressure ismaintained because; a. The afferent arteriole has a large diameter and efferent arteriole has asmaller diameter b. Of the foot like process of Podocytes c. Because of the Bowman's capsule c. The efferent arreriole has a large diameter than the afferent arteriole 16. Which part of the Nephron maintains the normal pH of human blood? a. Bowman's capsule b. Ascending prtion of henle loop c. Descending portion of henle loop d. Collecting duct 17.Which one the following properties of water is the main contributory factorenabling homeotherms to adapt, to a range of environment? a. Water has a high heat of vaporization b. Water has high surface tension c. Water has maximum density at 4 Co d. It has a low viscocity 18. Which of the following is an endothermic? a. Humming birds b. Bat c. Fish d. Birds 19. Process of reabsorption is the movement of materials from; a. Filtrate to Glomerulus b. Filtrate to blood capillaries c. Glomerulus to filtrate d. Pelvis to filtrate 20.The nitrogenous excretory compoundsformed in Earth-worm are the; a. Urea b. Ammonia c. Both a & b d. Uric acid

21. Which one of thefollowing posses single occipital condyle? a. Fishes & Reptiles b. Birds & Mammals c. Birds & Amphibians d. Reptiles & Birds 22. Which one of thefollowing acts as a shock absorber to cushion the tibia and the femur wherethey come together? a. Central disc b. Ligament c. Cartilage d. Tendons 23. The originalfunction, in the first vertebrates, of the skeleton was to provide; a. Support for locomotion b. Minerals c. blood cells d. protection from enemies 24. The original function is still performed today by bones of the; a. Jaw b. Pelvis c. Skull and rib cage d. Thigh 25. Cross bridges,which connect the two molecules of a fibril during a muscle contraction, aremade of; a. Troponin b. Tropomyosin c. Actin d. Myosin ifound a little bit confusions in mcqs which i posted here.. i request all of you to help me solve these confusions related to M CATpreparation

1.The best choice would be d. Transduction is the process by which is transferred from one to another by a . It also refers to the process whereby foreign DNA is introduced into another cell via a .Well as if some chromosomes are being transferred so it would be restricted transduction.

2.Best choice is c. Refer : Pg# 76 Ist year,small pox> Ist line. 3.Best Choice is a. Polio and measeles are skin diseases while Xerothalmia is a eye disease. 4.Best choice is a. 5.Best choice is d. 6.Best choice is c. Toxins are general poisons.Anti Toxins fighter for toxins.Afflotoxins are toxins produced by fungus Aspergillus. 7.Best choice is c. Refer : Pg#94,Ist year>Use and misuse of Antibiotics 8.Best Choice is c. Plants store most of their energy as carbohydrates while animals and humand store most of their energy as fats. Despite this differnece, the primary cell energy cycle for both, the citric acid cycle, is most readily driven by glucose. Starch is of course a general name for polymers of glucose, primarily with 1-6 bonds but also 1-3 branches. Single starch molecules can contain several thousand glucose units. Storing plant energy, in seeds or from season to season as simple sugars has some difficulties. Sugar is quite soluble in water so it tends to diffuse and be lost from the plant. Also many simple organisms, bacteria and fungi, also insects, can readily consume simple sugars so this means plant sugar stores are readily attacked by other organisms. Starch by contrast is nearly insoluble in water, and only more advanced organisms can create the amylase enzymes necessary to convert starches to sugars. The breakdown of starch into sugars is energetically favored, however starch is quite stable at any reasonable environmental temperature. Water insoluble(almost), stable, readily degraded & accessed via enzymes, but not easily accessed by simple organisms. It's a fine energy store for plants. -Fats(triglycerides) have an advantage in terms of energy per unit mass (9Cal/gm for fat vs 4Cal/gm for carbs), but they require a considerable and complex mechanism (betaoxidation) to convert fat to energy. Some plants do store considerable energy as (mostly) unsaturates fats (oils). 9.Best Answer is a. Refer : Page#177>3rd Paragraph

10.Best choice would be c.

11.Best Choice would be b. All other are formed. 12.Best Choice would be c. As mitochondria are energy house.There is no function of acetyl co A as it is only involved in glycolysis and krebs cycle. O2 is inhaled exhaled through lungs and mouth just. While phospholipids are membranous parts. 13.The Best choice is b. Osmoregulators tightly regulate their body osmolarity, which always stays constant, and are more common in the animal kingdom. 14.The best answer is a. 15.Best answer should be a. As due to large diameter the pressure of blood passing through kidney would be high.

16.The best choice would be b. As the Na ions are transferredwhich maintain the basicity which is lessened due to outflow of water from descending loop oh henle. 17.Best Choice should be a. As water is conserved there Is less heat loss. 18.Best Choice is d. Page#18 2nd year>Ist Para. 19.Best choice should be b. Only Blood cappilaries are capable of reabsorption. 20.Best choice would be a. Page#9 > Excretion in earth worm > Last line 21.Best choice is d. Birds and reptiles share several skeletal and internal characteristics. Both have five fused bones in their jaws, a single middle ear bone and an almost identical nucleated red blood cell structure. Reptiles and birds also have a single occipital condyle; this bony knob located at the back of the skull attaches the head to the neck. This single occipital condyle allows a wider range of motion than mammals and humans that have double occipitals, with some birds being able to rotate their necks more than 270 degrees.

22.Best Choice would be a. Pg#36 > Disc-Slip > 2nd Para- Ist line 23.Best Choice would be d. As indigenous animals were simple so they did require Protection from their enemies just. 24.Answer should be a. I think jaw is the functional primitive part of skeleton for many years. 25.Best Choice would be d. nd nd Page#39,2 Year > Ultrastructure of Mayofilament > 2 Paragraph

questin no 19 ans is glomerulus to filtrate option c not b, reabsorption is not done by blood capilaries in nephron,material move from glomerulus to filterate for reabsorption - - - Updated - - ans of question 16 is d collecting duct not b because The Distal Convoluted Tubule is the site of tubular secretion. This process involves the active transport of materials from the blood directly into the tubule. Examples of molecules that are secreted by the distal convoluted tubule are creatinine, drugs like penicillin, and hydrogen ions. Tubular secretion of hydrogen ions along with the reabsorption of bicarbonate ions (a biological buffer) acts as a mechanism to control blood pH.