Nick Cook Sci.

4 11/14/13 PHOTOSYNTHESIS SUMMATIVE PROJECT PROBLEM: How does doubling the amount of carbon dioxide from .5g of bisodium carbonate dissolved in 100mL of water to 1g dissolved in 100mL of water affect the rate of photosynthesis in elodea? HYPOTHESIS: If carbon dioxide (by doubling baking soda) is increased, then the rate of 02 produced in photosynthesis will increase. Theory: Photosynthesis is the method that plants use to create their food. For photosynthesis to happen a plant would need water, sunlight, and C02. Another key thing for photosynthesis to happen are the chloroplasts. Chloroplasts absorb the suns rays and convert the light, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen. When adding bisodium carbonate to water the 02 amounts will increase because when there mixed together a chemical reaction will occur and cause there to be more 02 produced. When looking at 2012s data the 7th grade average there was a 31% increase of 02 . My hypothesis was that the 02 would increase because of the increase that 2012 went through. I believe my hypothesis will be correct when we test it in class.
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PROCEDURE FOR CARBON DIOXIDE (BAKING SODA) 1. Measure and cut at an angle elodea 7 to 9 cm. 2. Remove a few leaves from end of stem and slightly crush end of stem. 3. Measure mass in grams and record. 4. Put elodea stem side up in a test tube.

5. Fill test tube with water and baking soda solution (1 gram to 100 mL of water). 6. Put tube in rack and adjust lamp 5 cm from top of test tube. 7. Turn on lamp and wait 1 minute. 8. After 1 minute, begin counting small, medium and large bubbles for 3 minutes. Record data. 9. Repeat with .5 grams and 100mL of water. 10. Repeat for trial 2 DATA/OBSERVATIONS: Trial 1 ___grams Oxygen Produced in 3 minutes with .5 g and 1 g baking soda Small x 1 CO2 1 gram .5 gram Notes: 16 x 1=16 1 x1=1 1 x 2=2 2x0=0 3x0=0 18 1 Medium x 2 Large x 3 Total

Trial 2 _____grams Oxygen Produced in 3 minutes with .5 g and 1 g baking soda Small x 1 CO2 1 gram .5 gram 2 x 1=2 35 x1=35 1 x 2= 2 0x2=0 1 x 3=3 0x3=0 7 0 Medium x 2 Large x 3 Total

Notes Average for Two Trials

Trials 1 2 Total Ave/2

.5g 1 35 36 18

1g 18 7 25 12.5

2013 AVERAGE DATA IN 3 MINUTES FROM 5 DIFFERENT CLASSES Baking Soda .5g CLASS PERIOD AVERAGES 1 2 3 4 6 7 TOTAL/5 AVERAGE 108 69 33.7 23.7 26.3 3.8 264.5/6 44.1 139 47 26.5 14.3 36.3 72.8 335.9/6 56 22.30% increase 31.88% decrease 21.36% decrease 39.66% decrease 27.55% increase 94.78% increase 21.25% increase 21.25% increase 1g % Oxygen Decrease/Increase

Average Rate Of Photosynthesis When Carbon Dioxide Is Doubled

Average Amount Of Oxygen Produced In 3 Minutes 60 50 40 30 20 12.5 10 0 GROUP 4TH PERIOD 7TH GRADE 18 14.3 1g 23.7 .5g 56

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Conclusion: In this lab we tested to see how adding .5, and 1g of bisodium carbonate would affect the rate of photosynthesis. I hypothesized that C02 would increase; in most cases my hypothesis was correct. 50% of the classes had an increase of oxygen. My groups average of 02 was a 30.56% decrease from .5g to 1g of bisodium carbonate. The 7th grade average however was 21.25% increase and the 4th period average was a 39.66% decrease. In conclusion my hypothesis was correct 50% of the time.

Analysis: Some of the inconsistencies in the data were group 7s results. They had a whopping 94.78% increase of oxygen from .5 to 1 gram of bisodium carbonate. This number was an obvious outlier as all of the

other percentages maxed out at around a 30% increase. Period 1 had a huge amount of oxygen produced during the three minutes that the test was taken. However both of there results for .5 and 1 gram were fairly similar. These were some of the discrepancies lets now go onto why these discrepancies could have occurred. These discrepancies might have come up because of different masses in the elodea. This might have changed it because maybe more mass in the elodea causes there to be more oxygen produced. Another reason why they could have been different is because maybe they counted bubbles that also came from the leaves along with the stem instead of just the stem. To improve the reliability of the procedure I would do a couple things. These things include weighing all elodea to see if theyre all the same weight. Another thing I would change is making a chart to show how to rate how big a bubble is. This was my analysis on the lab,

BIBLIOGRAPHY Coolidge-Stolz M.D., Elizabeth, et al. Focus On Life Science. Boston, Mass: Prentice Hall, 2008. Washington State Department of Ecology. American Waterweed- A Common Native Plant. February 24, 2003. November 2013. <http://www.ecy.wa.gov/Programs/wq/plants/native/elodea.html>

Young, Paul. The Botany Coloring Book. Cambridge, New York: Harper and Row, 1982.