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Transactional Model of Stress and Coping

The Transactional Model of Stress and Coping is a framework for evaluating the processes of coping with stressful events.

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Concept

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Definition

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Primary Appraisal Secondary Appraisal


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Evaluation of the significance of a stressor or threatening event. Evaluation of the controllability of the stressor and a persons coping resources.
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Coping efforts Problem management


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Actual strategies used to mediate primary and secondary appraisals. Strategies directed at changing a stressful situation.
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Emotional regulation Meaning-based coping

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Strategies aimed at changing the way one thinks or feels about a stressful situation.

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Coping processes that induce positive emotion, which in turn sustains the coping process by ! allowing reenactment of problem- or emotion focused coping.
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Outcomes of coping Dispositional coping styles

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Emotional well-being, functional status, health behaviors.

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Generalized ways of behaving that can affect a persons emotional or functional reaction to a ! stressor; relatively stable across time and situations.
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Optimism Information Seeking


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Tendency to have generalized positive expectancies for outcomes.

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Attentional styles that are vigilant (monitoring) ! versus those that involve avoidance (blunting) ! !
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Table from Glanz et al, 2002, p. 214.

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Glanz, K., Rimer, B.K. & Lewis, F.M. (2002). Health Behavior and Health Education. Theory, Research and Practice. San Francisco: Wiley & Sons

Neubewertung

Kr a n kh e i t

P s y c h o s o zi a l e Belastung

Al l ta gsbewl ti gung (sozial) Kr a n ke n h a u s aufenthalte Krperl. Unv e r s e hr t he i t Identt u. Zukunft Selbstwert Existentielle Bedrohung

erste Bewe r t .

S c h d i gung/ V e r l us t B e dr o h ung He r a u s forderung

Bewltig. Versuche zweite B ew e r - t un g Der eigenen Kompetenzen und der Untersttzung


problemo r i e nt i e r t emotionsr e g u l ie r e n d

Entwicklungsstand Krankhei tsvorst. Selbstkonzept Locus of control

Lazarus Model where the Stress is a disease, such as asthma

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