Temperature Gauge

Mercury in glass
In this method mercury is contained in a glass bulb which is connected to a capillary of the same glass and the end is sealed with an expansion bulb. The coefficient of expansion of mercury is several times greater than the coefficient of expansion of glass, so that as the temperature increases the mercury rises up on a calibrated scale and give relatively low cast and accurate method of measuring temperature.

Liquid in glass
Liquids in glass thermometer operate on the same principle as the mercury thermometer. The liquids used have similar properties to mercury, i.e., high linear coefficient of expansion, clearly visible, and nontoxic. The liquid used can be pure ethanol, toluene, kerosene etc.

Bimetallic Temperature Gauge

Two dissimilar metals are bonded together into that is called a bimetallic strip. Suppose metal A has smaller coefficient of thermal expansion than metal B, as temperature increases metal B expands more than metal A, causing biametalic strip to curl toward metal A.

Pressure-spring thermometers
These thermometers are used where remote indication is required, as opposed to glass and bimetallic devices which give readings at the point of detection. The pressure-spring device has a metal bulb made with a low coefficient of expansion material with a long metal tube, both contain material with a high coefficient of expansion; the bulb is at the monitoring point. The metal tube is terminated with a spiral Bourdon tube pressure gauge.