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For the following reactions, in your lab notebook a) Predict the products of the reaction and balance the equation. b) Describe the observations you would make while the reaction proceeded. c) Determine the type of reaction. If it is a redox reaction, determine what is oxidized and reduced.
Eg) solid copper is added to silver nitrate solution Equation: Cu(s) + 2AgNO3 2Ag + Cu(NO3)2 (aq) BEFORE: copper is a brownish shiny metal, silver nitrate is colorless and clear solution AFTER: copper appears to disappear; crystals of shiny silver metal appear; the solution color turns to blue/green (due to the presence of Cu2+ ions) TYPE: Single Replacement/ Redox Cu (s) is oxidized and Ag+ is reduced; 2 electrons were transferred.
Joshua Levy - Author Dhruv Malhotra - Editor 1. A solution of copper (II) chloride is electrolyzed.
Observe the two electrodes. Equation: CuCl2 (aq) --electrolysis Cu(s) + Cl2 (g) Before: Clear Blue Liquid After: Orange-Brown Metal & Bubbles/Gas (from chlorine gas) Type: Decomposition (If applicable: Oxidized? Cl1 +2 (aq) in CuCl2 Reduced? Cu (aq) in CuCl2 ) Joshua Levy - Author Dhruv Malhotra - Editor 2. Zinc metal and iodine solid are mixed and react in the presence of water (water is not a reactant) Teacher demo Equation: Zn(s) + I2(s) ZnI2(aq) Before: Shiny Silver metal & Red-Brown Chalky Solid After: Red-Brown Liquid Type: Synthesis (If applicable: Oxidized? Zn(s) in Zn2(s) Reduced? I(s) in I2(s) )
Joshua Levy - Author Dhruv Malhotra - Editor 3. Zinc iodide solution is electrolyzed. In a petri dish, dissolve a small amount of zinc iodide in 20 mL distilled water. Electrolyze the solution with the cork with 2 pins and the battery. After observing, add in 3 drops of starch solution. Equation: ZnI2 (aq) --electrolysis Zn(s) + I2(g) Before: Red-Brown transparent liquid
After: Red-Brown liquid, pink haze around one electrode, solid forming on the other electrode Type: Decomposition (If applicable: Oxidized? I1 2+ (aq) in ZnI2 (aq) Reduced? Zn (aq) in ZnI2 (aq)) Dhruv Malhotra - Author Joshua Levy - Editor 4. Sodium metal is added to water.
Before: Shiny Silver Metal placed in clear water After: Clear liquid and bubbles (hydrogen gas) Type: Double Replacement reaction (If applicaeble: Oxidized? Na(s) Reduced? H+ in H2O(l) Dhruv Malhotra - Author Joshua Levy - Editor
Test for Gases For each of the following test, make additional observations of what provides a positive test for the gas produced. Dhruv Malhotra - Author Joshua Levy - Editor 5. Magnesium metal is added to hydrochloric acid. Sand a piece of magnesium metal. In a medium size test tube, add 2 cm of hydrochloric acid and the magnesium metal. Use your finger to close the top of the test tube while your partner lights a
wooden splint. Quickly place the burning splint into the test tube without touching the liquid. Equation: Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) MgCl2 + H2 (g) Before: Silver-grey metal + clear solution.
After: Bubbles (Hydrogen gas) & White crystals (MgCl2) Type: Single Replacement Reaction (If applicable: Oxidized? Mg(s) Reduced? H+ (aq) Test for Hydrogen gas: Light a wooden splint on fire, and place it in a test tube. If a pop sound is made, hydrogen gas is present.
Combustion reaction for hydrogen gas: 2H2(g) + O2(g) 2H2O(g) Dhruv Malhotra - Author Joshua Levy - Editor 6. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) decomposes. Add some drops of potassium iodide solution to about 2cm deep hydrogen peroxide in a test tube . Equation: 2H2O2(aq) 2H2O(l) + O2(g) Before: Clear liquid
Type: Decomposition (If applicable: Oxidized? O-1(aq) in H2O2 Reduced?O-1(aq) in H2O2) Test for oxygen gas: Light a wooden splint, and place it in a test tube. If the splint reignites when placed in the tube, oxygen gas is present.
Dhruv Malhotra - Author/Editor Joshua Levy - Author/Editor 7. Solid copper (II) carbonate is heated and one of the resulting products is bubbled through limewater. (Teacher Demonstration). Equation: CuCO3 --heat CuO(s) + CO2(g) Before: A green powder & clear colourless liquid After: A black powder & a opaque milky liquid Type: Decomposition Test for carbon dioxide gas: Run gas through lime water. If water becomes milky/cloudy, CO2 is present.