ANALYZING RHETORIC

RHETORICAL DEVICES/METHODS
SOAPSTone: SpeakerOccasionAudiencePurposeSubjectTone Ethos, Logos, Pathos Symbolism, Exaggeration, Labeling, Analogy, Irony (Political Cartoons)

WHO OR WHAT USE THESE RHETORICAL DEVICES?

Written Text: -Articles -Literature -Speeches Visual: -Advertisements -Political Cartoons -Film -Art/Photography Audio: -Music -Voice

WHO IS THE SPEAKER?

The voice that tells the story. The author/speaker and any background information that might bear upon his/her text. *Note: The author and the speaker are not necessarily the same. The author may tell the story from many different points of view.

WHAT IS THE OCCASION?

The time and the place of the piece; the context that encouraged the writing to happen. Note the larger occasion: the broad issue which is the center of ideas and emotions. Also note the immediate occasion: the issue that catches the writer's attention and triggers a response.

WHO IS THE AUDIENCE?

The group of readers/listeners to whom a piece is directed. There may be multiple audiences, and the audience(s) can be discovered through the inference of the diction, the connotation of chosen words, and the traits of the Speaker.

WHAT IS THE PURPOSE?

What the Speaker wants the Audience to think or do as a result of reading/listening to the piece. Apply social, cultural, historical, etc. perspectives to a text to discover what the author/Speaker is attempting to reveal about those perspectives. Examine the logic of the argument and/or the themes and interpretations being presented.

WHAT IS THE SUBJECT?

The general topic, content, and ideas contained in the text. The larger context of the text (related to Occasion and Purpose)

WHAT IS THE TONE?

The attitude of the author/Speaker. The meaning imparted by the author that goes beyond the literal; how the author feels about the subject. Words that describe tone: accusatory, apathetic, awe, bitter, cynical, condescending, callous, contemplative, critical, contemptuous, conventional, disdainful, didactic, derisive, earnest, erudite, fanciful, forthright, gloomy, haughty, indignant, intimate, judgmental, jovial, lyrical, malicious, objective, sarcastic, sincere What is the tone of the audio clip on the top right corner of this page? (click on image)

GETTYSBURG ADDRESS QUESTIONS

https://voicethread.com/share/5067671/

Ethos, or the ethical appeal is based on the character, credibility, or reliability of the writer. Logos, or the appeal to reason relies on logic or reason. Logos often depends on the use of inductive or deductive reasoning.

Inductive reasoning takes a specific representative case or facts and then draws generalizations or conclusions from them. Deductive reasoning begins with a generalization and then applies it to a specific case.

Pathos, or emotional appeal, appeals to an audiences needs, values, and emotional sensibilities

CHIPOTLE - THE SCARECROW QUESTIONS

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lUtnas5ScSE https://voicethread.com/share/5067938/

CARTOON ANALYSIS GUIDE

Cartoonists Persuasive Techniques Symbolism Exaggeration Labeling Analogy Cartoonists use simple objects, or symbols, to stand for larger concepts or ideas. Sometimes cartoonists overdo, or exaggerate, the physical characteristics of people or things in order to make a point. Cartoonists often label objects or people to make it clear exactly what they stand for. An analogy is a comparison between two unlike things. By comparing a complex issue or situation with a more familiar one, cartoonists can help their readers see it in a different light. Irony is the difference between the ways things are and the way things should be, or the way things are expected to be. Cartoonists often use irony to express their opinion on an issue.

Irony

POLITICAL CARTOON QUESTIONS

https://voicethread.com/share/5067952/

PROJECT: CREATE YOUR OWN POLITICAL CARTOON

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Choose an issue to base your cartoon on and the message that you want to get across. Use at least 3 out of the 5 cartoon techniques when creating your cartoon. After drawing your cartoon, write an analysis of the different techniques that you used in your cartoon and how it relates to your message on a separate piece of paper. (1 paragraph for each technique)