Australia

The population is 21 million, and is concentrated in the mainland state capitals of Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, and Adelaide. The capital city is Canberra, located in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). National or official language is English: Australian English Australian Aboriginal English Torres Strait English The number of languages listed for Australia is 273. Of those, 231 are living languages, 3 are second language ithout mother!tongue s"ea#ers, and 3$ are e%tinct. Indigenous language There ere about 2!" languages spo#en by $ndigenous Australians prior to the arri%al of Europeans. Most of these are no either e&tinct or moribund, ith only about t enty languages still being learnt by ne generations. The languages ith the most spea#ers today are Arrernte, 'ala (aga )a, Ti i, *alma+arri, *arlpiri, and the *estern ,esert language. Pidgins and creoles T o English-based creoles ha%e arisen in Australia after European contact. 'riol and Torres Strait /reole. Both are spo#en in the 0orthern Territory and 1ueensland. Broome Pearling (ugger Pidgin as a pidgin used as a lingua franca bet een Malays, 2apanese, 3ietnamese and Aborigines on pearling boats.

Other minority languages Many ne languages ha%e been brought to Australia by postcolonisation immigrants. Chinese (all):

451,4!5 $acedonian: 51,88;

Other Chinese: *ussian: +apanese: Persian:

46,56;

Other or 464,"62 unspeci ied: Italian: 4!4,6"!

Croatian: Polish: Tur#ish: 'indi: $altese:

68,7!1 !8,"!6 !",684

4;,58" 27,27! 2!,247

!ietnamese: 257,246 "ree#: Cantonese: Arabic: $andarin: 264,515 22!,4"5

;5,715 'ungarian: 2;,;7! ;1,484 Tamil: 2;,"5;

2"8,452 (etherlandic: ;",177 Portuguese: 24,677 148,276 8!,46! 92""6: Tagalog (&ilipino): )orean: %amoan: %inhalese: 48,!28 ,nspeci ied 47,52; %outh 1;,6"6 %la-ic: 22,511 2",6""

48,6;4

%erbian:

&rench: %panish:

84,!84 Indonesian: 57,757

"erman:

56,;;4