Step Five B2.

R EADING & T RAINING

Daniel Defoe

Robinson Crusoe
KEY TO THE ACTIVITIES AND EXIT TEST

4 What happened while sailing to Barbados? 5 Why did the boat turn over? 6 What carried Robinson towards the shore? 7 Where did Robinson lie down? Page 30 activity 5 Open answers. Page 30 activity 6 1 horrible 2 unlucky 3 poor 4 remember 5 wise 6 elderly 7 unenthusiastic 8 failure 9 empty 10 slavery 11 cruelty Page 31 activity 7 1 foolish 2 cruelty 3 wealthy / poor 4 boring Page 31 activity 8 1 His 2 when 3 During 4 one 5 by 6 how 7 another 8 time 9 After 10 them 11 In 12 became 13 later 14 there 15 to

Part Two
Page 36 activity 1 1C 2E 3B 4D 5H 6K 7I 8G 9 F 10 A 11 J 12 L Page 36 activity 2 Open answers. Page 49 activity 1 A 2 B extra C 6 D 4 E 0 F 7 G 5 H1 I3 Page 49 activity 2 1 Because he had just escaped death by drowning. 2 Because he realised that he was alone without food, clothing or shelter. 3 If they had not left the ship. 4 He swam to the ship. 5 That he was on an island. 6 He built a raft. 7 Food, clothes, tools, guns, bullets, prayer books and a Bible. 8 He started taking pieces of the ship itself. Page 50 activity 3 1A 2D 3B 4C 5A 6D 7B 8D 9 C 10 A 11 C 12 D Page 51 activity 4 1 but there were no wild beasts on the island 2 he had no clothes 3 but he has been able to supply himself with many things 4 he felt singled out to lead this solitary life 5 but he was not starving 6 he was stranded on an island

Daniel Defoe and his World

Page 10 activity 1 1C 2A 3C 4D 5B 6B 7A 8B 9 B 10 C

Part One
Page 12 activity 1 Open answers. Page 12 activity 2 York Spaniards law would be easy and pleasant desperate or very fortunate money middle state become a soldier he spoke about his son/ Robinsons brother 10 a few days 11 to persuade his father to Page 27 activity 1 1B 2A 3C 4B 5D Page 28 activity 2 1 2 3 4 He was born in York. From Hull. The ship sank because of a storm. Robinson went to London. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

5 Robinson signed up for a voyage to Africa. 6 Yes, it was. 7 The ship was attacked by the Turks. 8 He was taken to the port of Sallee. 9 He was made a slave. 10 While fishing, Robinson pushed Ismael into the water and sailed with Xury to the African coast. Page 29 activity 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 All Saints Bay, Brazil a sugar planter because he needed help to ask a friend to send him some money in the form of English goods he bought himself a negro slave four years there were very few and they cost a lot of money to go with them to Africa to buy slaves

The Slave Trade

Page 35 activity 1 1 England, France and Portugal. 2 Sugar cane was brought from the West Indies to New England, rum was then traded on the West Coast of Africa for black slaves who were sold to plantation owners in the West Indies. 3 Slavery in the southern states was one of the reasons which led to the American Civil War of 1861. Slavery was abolished at the end of the war. Page 35 activity 2 Open answers.

Page 29 activity 4 1 When did the ship leave? 2 When did a hurricane hit their ship? 3 What was the weather like after 12 days?

Page 51 activity 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 to look for had not left would leave it (that) somebody would rescue wanted me to spend dont have anything to because I had worked hard gun for hunting or defending refused to go does God choose to ruin

Part Three
Page 58 activity 1 1C 2A 3A 4B 5C Page 58 activity 2 1 a footprint 2 Open answer. Page 68 activity 1 1 To store gunpowder. 2 There were seeds in the bag, and when Robinson shook out the bag, the seeds fell on the ground and began to grow. 3 Because the barley reminded him of home. Also, at first he thought it was a miracle, or in other words, that God was looking after him. 4 The chance of the barley surviving and growing there was quite small. 5 He had grown a fence of trees. 6 An earthquake. 7 On the other side of the island. 8 He had a fever. 9 He was terrified as he was alone and ill. Page 68 activity 2 1C 2G 3B 4D 5A 6H 7F 8E Page 69 activity 3 1 so 2 afterwards 3 but 4 then 5 Although 6 After 7 and 8 because 9 However 10 As a result 11 because 12 also 13 so 14 When Page 70 activity 4 1 war 2 beers 3 wed 4 birth 5 time 6 woods 7 pays 8 blessed 9 near

Page 70 activity 5 1 2 3 4 I felt like the lord of the island. To protect myself from the sun. In order to escape. I filled my time with work and the praise of God. 5 I found a mans footprint. 6 I was terrified. 7 I went home and hid. Page 71 activity 6A 1 If Robinson had been satisfied with the middle state he would have listened to his fathers advice. 2 If he had listened to his fathers advice, he would not have gone to sea with a friend. 3 If he had not gone to sea with a friend he would not been aboard the ship during a terrible storm. 4 If he had not been aboard a ship during a terrible storm he would not have thought God was punishing him. 5 If he had not thought that God was punishing him he would not have promised God to return to his father. Page 72 activity 6B 1 I If Robinson had not found guns on the boat he could not have hunted on the island. 2 E If Robinson had not decided to go to Africa he would not have been captured by the Turks. 3 B If Robinson had not fallen ill he would never have truly repented. 4 D If Robinson had encountered wild beasts on the island he would

Page 52 activities 6-8 Open answers.

Alexander Selkirk (1676-1721)

Page 57 activity 1 1 He wrote a bestselling book about Selkirk, the original Robinson Crusoe. 2 He had lived for four years alone on a small island off the coast of Chile. 3 To avoid going before the court of the Scottish church. 4 He himself told the captain of his ship to leave him on the island because he thought the ship was not seaworthy. 5 Its off the coast of Chile. 6 He was terrified. 7 To eat the rats that chewed on his clothing and feet. 8 Because he did not want to forget how to speak. 9 He was happy living there. Page 57 activity 2 Open answer.

have been eaten alive. 5 C If Robinson had not drunk rum with his friend, he would have remembered his promise to God. 6 H If Robinson had kept his trust in God, he would not have been afraid when he saw the human footprints. 7 A If Robinson had been satisfied with his life in Brazil, he would not have decided to go to Africa a second time. 8 G If Robinson had returned to Brazil with slaves he would have made a lot of money.

Mercantilism: Trade, Wealth and Colonies

Page 77 activity 1 1 W He said that trade generated wealth. 2 R 3 R 4 DS 5 R 6 W He was a frequent visitor to the coffee houses. 7 W Almost everybody could afford it. 8 R 9 R 10 R Page 78 activity 2 Open answer.

Part Four
Page 80 activity 1 1B 2A 3A 4B 5C

Page 80 activity 2 Open answer. Page 92 activity 1 1G 2A 3L 4D 5I 6C 7E 8J 9 N 10 F Page 93 activity 2 1D 2B 3C 4D 5B 6A 7B 8B Page 94 activity 3 1 Robinson dreamt he saw some savages on the beach with a prisoner. 2 The prisoner ran to the thick woods in front of Robinson's house. 3 The prisoner asked Robinson to help him. 4 Robinson felt happy. 5 Robinson saw five canoes on the shore. 6 They started cutting him up for their feast. 7 The other prisoner began to run towards Robinson's house. 8 One of the followers stopped chasing the prisoner because he could not swim and so couldn't cross the river. 9 Robinson hit one of them with his gun and shot the other. Page 95 activity 4 1 true 2 false The savage didnt hurt Robinson. 3 true 4 false Robinson didnt understand the savages words. 5 false The savage used Robinsons sword.

6 false The savage buried the bodies in the sand. 7 false The savage was about twenty-six years old. 8 true Page 95 activity 5 Open answer. Page 95 activity 6 Possible answer: Robinson did not think it was just to attack the savages because they had not done anything to him. I believe that he was right. First, he felt that only God can judge a whole nation, and second Robinson could see that he would have to keep killing savages once he began. In the end, he would be no better than the Spaniards who had massacred the Native Americans. It is especially interesting that Robinson realises that different cultures have different standards, and that it is not up to him to decide who is right or wrong. Even if Robinson reasons with the ideas of an English Protestant of more than three hundred years ago, his ideas are still relevant today, especially in our cities where we can encounter people from all over the world with customs different from our own. Page 96 activity 7 1C 2C 3A 4A 5D 6D 7A 8D 9 A 10 D

Desert Islands Survivors in Literature

Page 100 activity 1
Author Daniel Defoe Novel Robinson Crusoe Characters Robinson Crusoe (white) and Friday (black), Crusoes servant Comments An optimistic story; positive human qualities are important. The white man is shown as superior. Inspired by Robinson Crusoe: with a white man and his black slave. The three boys are shown as the dominating civilizing forces in their dealings with different natives. A book for young people. Not very optimistic as it shows the worst in people.

Jules Verne

The Mysterious Island

Cyrus Smith (welleducated, American engineer) and Nab (freed, black slave) Three boys

R. M. Ballantyne

The Coral Island

William Golding

Lord of the Flies

A group of schoolboys the survivors of a plane crash

Michael Tournier

Vendredi ou la vie sauvage

Friday and Robinson Friday becomes Robinsons guide helping him with his relationship with nature. Susan Barton, Cruso and his black slave Friday. A different outcome as Cruso dies and Friday becomes the protagonist of the novel.

J. M. Coetzee

Foe

Page 100 activity 2 Open answer.

Isla Ms a Tierra: Robinson Crusoe Island

Page 116 activity 1 Open answer. Page 117 activity 2 Open answer.

Page 132 activity 4

3 G P R O T E S T A A 9 8 T G 11 10 P U R S N H 14 P L A O K 20 S H I P W R E D N 21 H E 24 23 O U N D E R S R R T R O R 28 I W A 30 C U N N I N G A E D N 32 D O N E E D 4 N H
U N C

Part Five
Page 101 activity 1 Open answer. Page 101 activity 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 not to kill him. make bread. began to love him. a child. were like Robinson. would need a large boat. made him. the god of

Part Six
Page 118 activity 1 Open answer. Page 118 activity 2 1B 2B 3C 4C Page 130 activity 1 1 because the creature was his father 2 for the Spaniard and Fridays father 3 because one of them was Catholic, one was Protestant and one Pagan 4 to have enough food for when the other people from the mainland arrived 5 to bring back the other white people. Page 130 activity 2 1A 2B 3C 4C 5A 6C 7B 8D Page 131 activity 3 1 27 2 3 3 white 4 attack 5 Spaniard 6 killed 7 escaped 8 canoe 9 cried 10 danced 11 father 12 pagan 13 Catholic 14 send 15 mainland 16 ship 17 English 18 prisoners 19 captain 20 rebelled 21 island 22 leaders 23 begged 24 left 25 28 26 hat 27 money 28 35
19 18 S K U L N E L 22 T

16 C L I F F

Page 110 activity 1 1G 2C 3D 4A 5E 6F Page 111 activity 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 let me go fishing made Robinson become get him to lead made Robinson remember / made him forget made Friday understand let him carry made Robinson think got me to come makes (or made) him clean will let us use

4 S T A T E 15 T A K E 25 B E A S T

1 H L A V E R 6 M M O C K 12 13 12 C S A A T I O N A N R I V B A A T 26 F L I N O E N 29 V

W E

A V

27 E S U R O Y P 31 P I E C A N

5 L A L T D D E R 17 E A R T H Q U A G E K E S

2 I N H U M A N

Page 134 activity 5 Open answers. Page 136 activity 6 1 it 2 with 3 about 4 like 5 this 6 Like 7 when 8 builds / makes 9 go 10 However 11 which 12 between 13 own 14 most Page 137 activity 7 Example answer: My Robinsons name is Rob Sonny. He is a bachelor who is shipwrecked in a small apartment in the centre of a large modern city. He has no friends and he has been alone in the big city ever since he came to work there from a small town where he knew everybody. He eats frozen, canned and ready-made foods from the local supermarket. Once he sees a special

Page 112 activity 3 Open answers.

kind of cake from his hometown, which makes him feel very sad and spiritual (like the barley scene). His apartment is not in very good condition and he has to invent many things to survive in it duct tape around the water pipes, the hairdryer to open the window which freezes shut in the winter, a large peanutbutter-lined jar to catch roaches and a kind of rear-view mirror in the hallway to make sure no suspicious-looking people are around. His Friday is a young man from Nicaragua who does the cleaning. He teaches his Friday whose nickname just happens to be Viernes English and Friday teaches him Spanish. The cannibals are a Spanish-speaking gang in the neighbourhood.

2008 Black Cat Publishing, an imprint of Cideb Editrice, Genoa, Canterbury

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E X I T

T E S T

Contexts
1 Write a continuous passage stating:

Activity 1 Robinson Crusoe was written by Daniel Defoe, who was born in London in 1660. Defoe was brought up in a Dissenting or Puritan family. He was a merchant and initially had success, but became bankrupt in 1692 after some risky business ventures. After this he became more interested in journalism and began publishing political pamphlets and a political newspaper, The Review. He published Robinson Crusoe in 1719 and it was immediately successful. His other works include: The Farther Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, Captain Singleton Moll Flanders and Roxana. Daniel Defoe lived in a pre-industrial society that was beginning to expand rapidly. Activity 2 Robinson Crusoe belonged to a merchant family. He went to sea because it was his only desire but he had made only three voyages before he was shipwrecked. During his first voyage there were several bad storms and Robinson was very sick and frightened. His second voyage was very successful and he made some money. His third voyage finished badly as they were taken prisoner by Turkish pirates. At first, when he was stranded on the desert island, he was thankful to God for having survived the shipwreck. Then he feelt desperate when he realised his terrible situation. However, he soon became very enterprising: he saved what he could from the ship wreck and made himself a house. However, Robinson missed human company on the island. After about 10 months on the island he felt quite satisfied and contented. His days were full of work and prayer. Activity 3 1 Optimistic and active. 2 Yes, he is very enterprising. 3 The theme of religion runs through the whole novel. At the beginning Robinson is not particularly religious but this changes gradually until a lot of his time is taken up with prayer and bible reading. 4 His behaviour can be compared to that of the imperial British. Although the island is not his, he behaves as if he is the master of the island and superior to the natives. 5 The main themes are: religion and colonisation. Activity 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 Robinson Robinsons friend The captain of the ship on Robinsons first voyage Robinson Friday Robinson

who Robinson Crusoe was written by; where and when he was born; what you remember about his life; what other works he wrote; what the period he lived in was characterised by.

Comprehension check
2 In a continuous passage explain:

what family Robinson belonged to; why he went to sea; how many voyages he made before he was shipwrecked; what were the most striking experiences he had during these voyages and what he learnt from them; how he reacted to being stranded on a desert island; what he mainly missed there; when he felt quite satisfied and contented.

Interpretation
3 Say:

1 what kind of man you think Robinson is (pessimistic/ optimistic, active/passive, fatalistic, cruel, generous... etc.); 2 if he may be considered a forerunner of modern entrepreneurs; 3 how much religious spirit is present in the novel and how religious Robinson himself is; 4 how he behaves to savages and natives; 5 what the main themes of the story are and if there is a final message.

Key sentences
4 Who said...?

1 It was a terrible storm. 2 Do you call that a storm?... That was nothing. Lets drink some rum and forget about it. 3 Young man, you should never go to sea again. 4 Poor Robinson Crusoe! 5 Why do you want to send me away? Do not send me away! It is better to kill me. 6 if I save you, sir you must promise to accept me as your leader and be faithful to me.
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Photocopiable 2008 Black Cat Publishing

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