RAPA NdI Lengua y Cultura DICCIONARIO RAPA NUI» ESPANOL INGLES FRANCES Nelly Ramos Pizarro . iat Calderon Tu Tuki David Teao oe doa Alicia Teao Tuki Carolina Tuki Fakarati Carlos Carcamo Luna llustrador| PATROCINIOS «La Oficina Regional de Educaci6n para América Latina y el Caribe de la UNESCO, se complace cn offecer su patrocinio a Pehuén Editores de Chile, para preparar y editar una coleccién de Diccionarios de Lenguas Originarias de América, directamente orientada al beneficio de la SS. eaueacion intercutural bitingue de ta region, No eabe duda que el esfuerzo por editar esta Colec =| en tres idiomas (Lengua origi Espafol,¢ Inglés), constituye una contribucién importante para acrecentar la valoraci6n y respeto por las culturas originarias de América.» PROELS ‘«B] Programa de Formacién en Educacién Intercultural Bilingie para los Paises Andinos (PROEIB. | Andes) y la Corporacién Técnica Alemana (GTZ), consideran que esta nueva iniciativa de Pehuén contribuiri de manera decisiva a Ia puesta en valor de los idiomas ancestrales, en tal sentido se sienten plenamente comprometidos con los esfuerzos que esta casa editorial Heva a cabo para producir diccionarios ritingiies que enriquezcan el panorama de la educacién intercultural bilinge cen nuestra regién.» | Se prohibe la reproducciéno emisidn otal o parcial de exe libro, untode las ilustraciones. tex. disefio y pontada, ya sea a través de sistemas eléctricos,electrnicos, pticos, quimicos, de grabacién, fowogréficos de forocopia ode ordenador (computadores), sin {a aworizacion escrita de tos editores. © Amuro Hemsndez Sallés, Nelly Ramos Pizarro, Kava Caldern Tuki, Viki Haca Cardinal, Lina Hotu Hey, Catalina Hey Paoa, Christian Madariaga Paoa, Jacqueline Rapu Tuki, David Teao Hey, Alicia Teao Tuki y Carolina Tuki Pakarati © Pehuén Editores, 2001 Maria Luisa Santander 337, Providencia, ‘Teléfonos: (56-2 ) 225 62.64 -204 93.99 ventaspehuen@ 123.1 www pehuen.cl intiago, Chile Inseripeién N° 119.152, marzo del 2001 ISBN 956-16-0338-1 Primera egicién, marzo de 2001 Segunda edici6n, mayo de 2005 Diroetores de la coloseién: Arturo Herminde: Sal Mustraciones: Carlos Carcamo Luna Traduccidn al inglés: Michaela Bruczese ‘Traduccién al Francés: Vinceni Belbeze Correeccién de traduccién: Carmen Gloria Garberini y William Barne Diseno y Diagramaciin: Marcela Lépez O.y Olaya Ferndndez Derechos exclusivos para todos los paises. Impreso en los talleres de: R&R Impresores IMPRESO EN SANTIAGO, CHILE | PRINTED IN SANTIAGO, CHILEDICCIONARIO ILUSTRADO RAPA NUI ESPANOL INGLES FRANCES Arturo HernAnpez SALLis Sociolinguista, Director del Instituto de Estudios Regionales de Ia Universidad Catdlica de Temuco Netty Ramos Pizarro Eunolinguista, Profesora de ka Universidad Catdlica de Temuco Kava Catperon Tuxt Vint HAos CARDINAL Lina Horu Hey Catatina Hey Paos (Curisttay MapariaGa Paoa JACQUELINE Raru TUKE Davo Trao Hey ALICIA TEAO TUKI Carorins Tut PAKARATI Profesores del Departamento de Lengua y Cultura Rapa Nui del Liceo Lorenzo Baeza Vega. Isla de Pascua Cartos CArcamo Luna Hustrador ABAD ¢ u ETE We ~ ne ¥Agradecemos a los «koro» Juan Chavez, Niko Haoa, Rafael Haoa, Kiko Paté Pao y a la «nua» Catalina Tepihe Hotus por la asesorfa lingilistico- cultural que nos brindaron y que permanentemente realizan con el Departamento de Lengua y Cultura Rapa Nui del Liceo de la isla. A las autoridades del Liceo Lorenzo Baeza Vega por las facilidades otorgadas a los autores de este Diccionario. A la gente de la isla por su carifiosa acogida cuando la necesit por su permanente disposicién a colaborar. mos y Los autoresINTRODUCCION nt on el Diccionario Mustrado Rapa Nui, Espaiol, Inglés, Francés pre: mos el segundo volumen de una coleccién de diccionarios de lengu: autéctonas de Chile y América, coleccién a la que se dio inicio con el Dic- cionario lustrado Mapudungun, Espatol, Inglés. El Vananga rapa nui es la lengua de origen polinésico hablada hoy exclusivamente por los habitantes de Isla de Pascua. Como tal, constituye el instrumento més apto para la expresién de su vida y cultura y un medio que no puede dejar de conocer quien quiera desee acercarse a ellas com- prensivamente. Precisamente, uno de los objetivos de este diccionario es servir de ayuda a los hablantes de otras lenguas para familiarizarse con la terminologia de uso cotidiano en la isla. Asi, la mayor parte de las palabras aqui recopiladas ha sido recogida, analizada y discutida entre hablantes del rapa nui actual Nuestro trabajo de terreno nos permiti6 verificar o comprobar que la lengua en referencia goza de vigencia y unidad; es decir, sirve efectivamente como medio de comunicacién para una buena parte de la poblacién y no tiene diferencias dialectales. En cuanto ala vitalidad es posible afirmar que es plena en la poblacién adulta. El mestizaje reciente y la influencia de la educacién occidentalizante han provocado una disminucién de la vitalidad entre los jévenes y los nifios. Afortunadamente esta situacién tiende a revertirse por dos vias: por una parte los jvenes se ven en la necesidad de aprender por su cuenta rapa nui para interactuar en plenitud dentro de las pautas sociales propias y, por otra, desde hace pocos aifos la escucla esté realizando esfuerzos en pos de entregar una educacién intercultural, entre Jo que se contempla la ensefianza de la lengua autéctona desde el parvulario. A pesar de la gran unidad de la lengua, es necesario advertiral usuario que en reiteradas ocasiones constatamos la diferencia existente entre el habla de los mayores y la de los j6venes. Mientras éstos manejan un léxico claramente influenciado por el tahitiano (y el castellano), aquéllos consistentemente prefieren las palabras que sienten como rapa nui y que, por lo tanto, definen como «verdaderas». En no pocos casos, la diferencia se traduce en que ambos grupos dicen desconocer los términos usados por el otro, Esta realidad es la que nos ha hecho optar por identificar con la ctiqueta de «clésico» las palabras preferidas por el grupo etéreo mayor.Desechamos el calificativo de «antiguo» porque habria dado la impr de que el término no estden uso, cuando definitivamente si loesti. Por otro lado, la mayor parte de las palabras que hemos identificado como provenientes del tahitiano son las usadas por la gente mas joven. El rapa nui.como sucede con todas las lenguas ha incorporado palabras originarias de otras, asimildndolas a su sistema de sonidos y asu gramatica. En os casos mas claros en que esto sucede, hemos sefialado la proveniencia de tales préstamos, a pesar de no ser éste un diccionario etimoldgico. Los diccionarios de esta colecci6n, presentan una organizacién especial: las palabras se han agrupado en campos seminticos; es decir, en reas de significados asociados,con el objeto de facilitar la bisqueda de las palabras y su comprensién en un entorno cultural, En el caso especifico de este Diccionario, los campos seminticos sor Saludos y frases ttiles Expresiénes musicales Ambito doméstico Naturaleza Cuerpo humano Colores Ciclo de vida y relaciones personales Sistema numeral Trabajo agricola Creencias, costumbres y tradiciones Pesca y recoleccién ‘Artesanfa (madera y piedra) ‘Trabajos Arqueologia La escuela ‘Toponimia Juegos y deportes Al interior de cada campo existen subcampos en los que las entradas aparecen ordenadas alfabéticamente, con excepcidn de Saludos y frases titiles y Sistema numeral, por razones practic Una de las caracteristicas mas notables de estos diccionarios son sus ilustraciones. Ellas constituyen una parte fundamental en la conformacién de la obra; de alli entonces la cantidad y la particular preocupacién (con bocetos en terreno) para que ayuden a la comprensi6n de las definiciones y para que sean etnogrificamente pertinentes. Ademas de lo anterior, las ilustraciones pretenden mostrar al lector algo del impacto visual que provocan la magnificencia de la naturale7 la isla y la particularidad tanto de la gente islefia como de sus obras. Conocer una lengua, cuando se trata de una lengua viva, es conocer a la gente que la habla. En este caso la convivencia con los pascuenses dejé de manifiesto algunas caracteristicas que quisigramos destacar: la actitud de acogida, que hace que el visitante se sienta cémodo, grato y en confianza.Lo anterior se complementa con una disposicin segura, franca y espontinea que les permite colaborar de forma asertiva y criticaen el trabajo especifico de terreno. En todo momento irradian el orgullo y aprecio que sienten por su isla y sus tradiciones. Entre estas tradiciones se percibe un gran tejido solidario que al fordneo le hace comprender que en iiltima instancia toda la isla conforma una gran familia. Arturo Hernéndez Sallés Nelly Ramos Pizarro El alfabeto utilizado en este texto para escribir e! Rapa nui es el siguiente: Como la a espafiola Como la e espafiola Una aspiracién glotal sorda. Como se pronuncia la h del inglés Como la i espaniola Como la ¢ espafiola antes de a, 0,u Como la m espafiola Como la nespafola Corresponde a una nasal velar. Como la ng del inglés en la palabra song. Nunca es n + g como en el castellano Como la 0 espafiola P Como la p espafiola r Como una r simple del espafiol (para, coro, tetera). Nunca suena doble (rr) t Como la t espafiola u Como la u espaiiola y Corresponde a un sonido labiodental fri francés Corresponde a un sonido glotal oclusivo. Un cierre brusco de las cuerdas vocales. s2agr-see e tivo. Como la v del Ademés se han utilizado dos diacriticos: = Indica que se alarga la vocal. En la mayorfa de los casos coincide con el acento de la palabra Marea el acento de la palabra Las grafias b, ch y saparecen en préstamos léxicos utilizados por los hablantes de la isla, aunque no pertenecen al sistema fonol6gico Rapa Nui.ith the Diccionario Mustrado Rapa Nui, Espafol, Inglés, Francés Dictionary, ‘we present the second volume of a collection of dictionaries of indigenous languages of Chile and America; a collection that began with the Diccionario Mustrado Mapudungun, Espaiol, Inglés. ‘The Vananga Rapa Nui is language with Polynesian origins spoken today only by the Rapa Nui people on Easter Island. As such, itis the most ate way to express their life and culture, and a medium that must be understood by those who wish to know them. Thus, one of the objectives of this dictionary is to aid those who speak other languages by familiarizing them with the daily language of the island. Most of the words in the dictionary have therefore been carefully selected, analyzed and discussed by native Rapi Nui speakers. Our on-site work permitted us to verify that the language of the dictionary is actually used and is an effective means of communication for most of the population, and understood throughout the island. In terms of its vitality, we can confirm that it is widely spoken among the adult population, The recent mix of cultures and influence of western education has resulted in a decrease of its use among young people and children. Fortunately. this situation is being reversed for two reasons: first. young, people recognize the necessity of learning the language in order to interact, according to cultural norms; and secondly, in the last few years the school has been making efforts to include cultural education in the curriculum, which includes teaching children their native language, beginning with preschool. Ibis necessary to advise the user that on repeated occasions we noticed a clear difference between the speech of elders and that of young people. While young people use a vocabulary strongly influenced by Tahitian and Spanish, the older population prefers words of Rapa Nui origin that they feel are “authentic.” In not a few cases, the result of this difference is that both groups say they fail to recognize words and expressions used by the other. For this reason, we have chosen to identify terms in the dictionary act preferred by the older, more traditional population of Rapa Nui as “classic.” We have rejecied the label of “antique”, or “old” because this could give the impression that a term is not in use, when it clearly is. On the other hand, most of the words we have identified as originating from “Tahitian” are those used by the younger population. Rapa Nui. ike all languages, has incorporated words with different origins, and assimilated them into their own system of pronunciation andgrammar, Lu th, clearest cases where this happens, we have identified their origins as such, even though this is not intended to be an etymological dictionary. The dictionaries in the series are organized in a special way: Words are organized in semantic groups; that is, in areas of associated meanings, in order to facilitate finding words and understanding them according to how they are used. In these dictionaries, the semantic groups are: Useful Phrases Music and Dance ‘The Home Nature ‘The Human Body Colors Life Cycle and Relationships Numbers Agriculture Beliefs, Customs and Traditions Fishing and harvesting Shellfish Crafts (wood and stone) Work Archaeology School Place names Games and Sport Each group has subgroups in which entries appear in alphabetical order. with the exception of “Greetings and Useful Phrases” and “Numbers” The illustrations in these dictionaries are an important feature and a fundamental part of the text. Special care has been taken to include an adequate quantity of illustrations to aid comprehension of the definitions and allow accurate ethnographic -reference. In addition, the illustrations ‘attempt to give the reader a glimpse of the people and their culture and the magnificence of nature found on the island: To know a language, especially a living language, is to know the people who speak it. In this case, living with the people of Easter Island revealed many of their special qualities that we would like to emphasize, such as a welcoming aititude that makes a visitor feel comfortable, relaxed and at home. This is complemented by a confident, frank and spontaneous disposition that permitted us to collaborate honestly and critically while working on-site. Their pride and appreciation for their island and ~its traditions were constantly apparent, It is clear that the Rapa Nui are bound by a great network of support and solidarity, leaving the impression that the island is, ultimately, one big family. Arturo Herndndez Sallés. Nelly Ramos PizarroPronunciation Key - Rapa Nui asin mama as in red as in high as in police as in kilo as in much as in no a velar nasal sound, as in the ng sound in song as in bone as in spot as in fea as in boot corresponds to a fricative labiodental, like the v used in french a glottal occlusive sound; a brusque closing of the vocal cords. see twee sagem Also used are two diacritics: « indicates the enlargement of the vowel. In most cases the word is also accented signifies the stressed or accented part of the word 10INTRODUCTION vee ce Diccionario Nustrado Rapa Nui, Espaitol, Inglés, Frances, nous présentons le deuxitme volume d’une collection de dictionnaires de langues autochtones du Chili et d’Amérique, collection qui a débuté avec le Diccionario Ilustrado Mapudungun, Espaitol, Inglés Le Vananga rapa nui est la langue d'origine polynésienne parlée aujourd'hui exclusivement par les habitants de I’fle de Paques. Pour cette raison, elle constitue I'instrument le plus adapté pour l'expression de leur vie et de leur culture et également, un moyen de communication pour celui qui souhaite s’en approcher de fagon compréhensive ou simplement la connaitre, C'est justement un des objectifs de ce dictionnaire, de servir aide aux personnes qui parlent d’autres langues, afin qu’elles puissent se familiariser avec la terminologic d’ usage quotidien sur l'lle.C’est pourquoi, la plus grande partie des mots qui apparaissent ici, ont été selectionnés, analysés et discutés par ceux qui parlent actuellement de rapa nui. Notre travail sur le terrain nous a permis de vérifier que la langue de référence jouit actuellement d’actualité et d’unité; c’est a dire qu'elle sert effectivement de moyen de communication pour une grande partie de la population et ne présente pas de différences de dialectes. Quant sa force, il est possible d’affirmer qu’elle est compléte dans la population adulte. Le métissage récent et "influence de I’éducation occidentale ont provoqué une diminution de sa présence chez les jeunes et chez les enfants, Par chance, cette situation a tendance & changer de deux fagons: dune patt, les jeunes sentent le besoin d'apprendre cux-mémes le rapa nui pour échanger pleinement dans le respect des régles sociales qui leurs sont propres, et autre part, depuis quelques années, I’école fait des efforts afin de donner une éducation interculturelle. dans laquelle l’enseignement de la langue autochtone est inclu depuis le jardin d’enfants. Malgré la grande unité de la langue, il est nécessaire d'avertir 'usager que de fagon répétée, nous nous sommes rendu compte de la différence qui existe entre la langue parlée par les anciens et celle des jeunes. Pendant que ces derniers_utilisent un lexique clairement influencé par le tahitien (et Vespagnol), les anciens préférent toujours les mots qu’ils ressentent comme appartenant au rapa nui y qu’ils définissent donc comme «vrais». Dans de nombreux cas, la différence se traduit parle fait que les deux groupes disent ahe pas connaitre les définitions utilisées par l'autre, C'est cette réalité qui nous a fait choisir d'identifier avec l’étiquette de «classique» les mots prétérés par le groupe des anciens. Nous refusons le qualificatif d’ancien, car il aurait donné impression que le mot n’est plus utilisé, car en définitive il Pest encore. D’autre part, la plus grande partie des mots que nous avons identifiés comme provenant du «tahitien», sont ceux qu’utilisent les personnes plus jeunes. Le rapa nui, comme il apparait souvent dans toutes les langues, a incorporé des mots originaires d'autres langues, les assimilant dans son systéme de sons et dans sa grammaire, Dans les cas les plus courants, nous avons signalé la provenance de ces préts, bien qu'il ne s’agisse pas la d'un dictionnaire étymologique. Ces dictionnaires présentent une organisation particuligre: les mots ont été regroupés selon les champs sémantiques: c’est-a-dire, en centres de significations associés, afin de faciliter la recherche des mots et leur compréhension dans cette environnement culturel. Dans le cas spécifique de ce Dictionnaire, les centres sémantiques sont les suivants: Salatations et phrases utiles Expressions musicales Le cadre domestique La nature Humain comps Couleurs Cyele de la vie et relations personnelles Systéme numerique Agriculture Croyances, coutumes et tradition Péche et recolte Artisanat (bois et pierre) Les travaux Arquéologie L Ecole Toponymie Jeuset sports A intérieur de chaque centre, il existe des sous-centres dans lesquels Jesentrées apparaissent par ordre alphabétique.a l'exception des Salutations et des phrases utiles ainsi que dans le Sysiéme numérique, et ce pour des raisons pratiques. Une des caractéristique les plus remarquable de ces dictionnaires, ‘ont les illustrations. Elles sont une partie fondamentale de la conformation, de l’oeuvre; cela explique done la quantité et la préoccupation particuligre (avec des brouillons faits sur le terrain), afin qu’elles aident a la compréhension des définitions et afin qu’elles soient également éthno- graphiquement propres. De plus, les illustrations ont Ja prétention de montrer au lecteur une petite partie de impact visuel que provogue la magnificence de la nature deile et la particularité autant de ses habitants mais aussi de leurs oeuvres. 12Connaitre une langue, lorsqu’il s’agit d’une langue vivante, c'est connaitre les gens qui lutilisent, Dans ce cas, la cohabitation avec les habitants de I'fle de Paques nous a montrée ceriaines caractéristiques que nous souhaitons mettre en avant: I’accueil, qui fait que le visiteur se sente bien et en confiance. Cela s'est complété par une prédisposition franche, sire et spontanée permettant une collaboration critique et assertive dans le travail spécifique sur le terrain, Tout le temps, ils font rayonner ’orgueil et la reconnaissance qu’ils sentent pour leur ile et leurs traditions. Parmi ces traditions, il est possible de palper dans toute I"ile un grand tissu solidaire qui fait comprendre au visiteur, qu’en demnier ressort, toute I'ile forme une seule et grande famille. Arturo Herndndez Sallés. Nelly Ramos Pizarro L’Alphabet utilisé dans ce texte, pour écrire le Rapa nui, est le suivant; comme le a francais correspond au & francais Une inspiration glottale sourde. Mdentique a la prononciation du hen anglais Comme le i francais comme le k francais Comme le m frangais Comme le n francais Correspond a une nasale voilée. Identique au ng anglais du mot song. Comme la 0 en frangais Comme Ia p en frangé Comme un r légerement roulé (si Comme le t en franga ‘Comme le w en espagnol, correspondant done au son ow en frangais Comme le v en frangais Correspond & un son glottal occlusif. Une fermeture brusque des cordes ‘vocales. je au r espagncl) eet neosseg ee De plus, nous avons utilisés deux diacritiques: = Indique un prolongement de la vocale, Dans ln majeure partie des cas, cela coincide avec l’accent tonique du mot. Marquant l’accent tonique du mot. 13iorana: hola, adi6s. Del tahitiano / hello, goodbye. From tahitian / bonjour, adieu. Du tahitien iorana korua: hola, adiés (a ustedes) / hello, goodbye (plural) | bonjour, adieu (a vous) 4pe hé koe?: ;cémo estas? / how are you? /-comment vas-tu ? riva riva: estoy bien o muy bien / am fine, or very well / je vais bien ou tres bien rake rake: estoy mal / J am not well / ga va mal estoy més © menos / i'm ok /je vais plus ow moins ko ai tu’u inoa?: gc6mo te Hamas? / what is your name? | comment t’appelles-tu? ie hia mata hiti o’ou?: ;cudntos afios tienes? / how old are you? / quel age as-tu? po nui: buenas noches / good night / bonsoir ghora aha nei?: ¢qué hora es? / what time i J quelle heure est-il? gih6?: gd6nde? / where? / oi? GiG e noho ena?: {donde vive? / where do you live? / ott habitez-vous? cudnto cuesta? / how cost? / combien ¢a cottte? ghana ré koe mo kai?: zquieres comer? / do you want fo eat? / veux-tu manger? ihana r6 koe mo ha’ere?: ,quieres caminar? / would you like io go for a walk? / veux-tu faire une promenade? ghana ré korua mo ha’uru?: quieren ustedes dormir? / would you (plural) like to sleep? / voulez-vous aller vous coucher? jhana r6 a fa mo hopu?: quiere éVella bafiarse’?” J would he/she like to take a bathiswim? / veu-il/elle se baigner? maururu ~ mau uru uru: gracias. Del tahitiano / thank you. From tahitian | merci. Du tahitien eé:si/yes/ oni ina: no/ no / non manufa: jsalud! / cheers! / a votre santé! manuia paka paka: jal seco! / bottoms up! / cul sec! jka mou!: jcéllate! / silence! / tais-toi! 1sAMBITO DOMESTICO THE HOME LE CADRE DOMESTIQUEOBJETOS: ITEMS / OBJETS ahi: fuego / fire / feu arahu: carbén, hollin / coal, soot / charbon, suie aru mama’a ~ amu rama’a: mesa / table / table *au: humo / smoke / fumée au’a: taza, tazén / cup, mug / tasse, bol : ceniiza ashes / cendre haka ri’i: lamparilla consistente en un pedazo de tela sumergido en aceite o grasa Ja small oil lamp whose wick is a piece of cloth, submerged in oil or fat | lampe faite ‘avec un morceau du toile summergée dans Vhuile ou de la graisse 2 3) hapaina: vaso / glass / verre (récipient) hi’o: vidrio / glass for windows / verre (substance) hi’o mata: lentes en general / glasses, lenses / lunettes de fagon générale hi’o mata keva: lentes 6pticos / eyeglasses /lunettes avec verres optiques hi’o mata mo te ra’a: anteojos para el sol J sunglasses / luneites de soleil hi’o wi: espejo / mirror / miroir hoe: cuchillo / knife / couteau 5) Tpu: botella / bottle / bouteille 6) karo: jarro, Del castellano / jar, jug. From Spanish / pot, pichet. De Vespagnol 4)7) korotina: cortina. Del castellano / curtain. From Spanish | rideaux. De l’espagnol 8)_koti ro’i: cubrecama / bedspread, duvet (dessus de lit kué: cuchara / spoon / cuillere Kuiere: cuchara, Del francés / spoon. From French / cuillére. Du frangais mara mara: brasa / live coal / braixe mareti: plato. En general/ plate / assictte mareti platillo / saucer ! petite assiette 9) mareti pararaha: plato bajo / dinner plate /assiette basse 10) mareti poko poko: plato hondo / shallow soup bowl | assiette creuse mari iIchén / mattress / matelat mati: f6sforo, cerilla. Del Inglés / match. From English / allumette. De l'anglais moena: estera de totora / toriora reed mat / natte de roseau mori: bombilla eléctrica, luz eléctrica / light buiblelectric light / ampoule électrique, lumiére électrique mot vera: vela/ candle / bougie | 11) naru’a: almohada/ pillow / oreiller ‘jaru’a ma’ea: almohada de piedra | rock used as a pillow / oreiller en pierre 12) pani: olla / pot / marmite pa’oti: tijeras / scissors / ciseaux 13) parai pani: sartén / frying pan / poélle parankete: frazada. Del inglés / blanket. From English / couverture. De l'anglais patia: tenedor / fork / fourchette 14) pepe: silla / chair / chaisepepé: mufieca. Del francés / doll, From French! poupée. Du francais poko poke: fuente céncava, mas bien honda / deep serving bowl | plat concave, relativement profond 15) potio: taza. Del castellano pocillo / cup / tasse. De espagnol potu: cigarrillo / cigarette / cigarette pu’a pani: tapa de olla /id for a pot | couvercle de la marmite 16) ro’i: cama / bed / lit 17) rona: horno / oven / four tafate: azafate. Del castellano / tray. From Spanish | plat de service. De l'espagnol 18) tafpu: cucharén / large spoon, ladle / large louche 19) tavana: sdbana, Del castellano / sheet. From Spanish / drap. De Vespagnol 20) tetera: tetera / ketile / bouilloire 21) umu: cocina; artefacto y habitacién [kitchen | Cuisine; appareil et pidce umu pae: cocina antigua. En sentido estricto, fogén protegido por cinco o siete piedras enterradas de canto / traditional stove that consisted of a fireplace surrounded by 5-7 partially buried rocks / vieille cuisine. Dans le sens sirict, foyer protégé par cing ou sept pierres enterrées sur leurs champs urinera: budinera. Del castellano / casserole dish. From Spanish / moule & udding. De espagnol junda de almohada / pillow case / housse d’oreiller umu pae ACCIONES: ACTIVITIES ACTIONS "ara: despertar / 10 wake up / réveiller aroha: saludar / to greet / saluer e ai ro a; tener / to have / avoir ha’ WG: ayudar / to help / aider ha’a mata: empezar / 10 begin / commencer ha’ere: caminar / 10 walk / marcher haito: medir, pesar /10 measure, 10 weigh / mesurer, peser haka’ atu: probar / to try, taste / essayer haka hii te kiri: descuerar / 10 skin / écorcher, enlever la peau haka hi te ahi: accién especifica de encender el fuego / the specific action of lighting a (fire | action spécifique d’allumer le feu 20haka mahana: entibiar / to make lukewarm | tiédir haka mataku: asustar /10 frighten, scare 1 effrayer, faire peur haka’omo’omo: amamantat / io nurse / allaiter haka paka paka: secar / 10 dry / sécher haka piha’a: hervir / 10 boil / bouillir haka rono: escuchar / to hear { écouter haka takeo: enfriar / 10 cool down / refroidir haka ti | redresser, corriger haka vera: calentar al fuego / 10 warm with fire / chauffer sur le feu hana: querer, estimar, apreciar / to like, appreciate / aimer, estimer, apprécier hapa’o: cuidar /10 guard, care for | s’occuper de, soigner haro’: limpiar /10 clean / nettoyer ha’uru: dormirse / 10 sleep /s‘endormir alar / 10 ‘a: enderezar / to straighten up here: amar. Del tahitiano. Amarr love. From the Tahitan. To tie, to fasten J aimer. Du tahitien. Attacher, lier himene: cantar. Del tahitiano / 10 sing. From the Tahitan / chanter. Du tahitien hohoni: pelar con cuchillo / to peel with a knife / éplucher au couteau homi: olfatear, besar / to smell, to kiss ! flairer, embrasser joni: pelar con cuchillo 0 con la mano mas de una cosa / to peel with a knife or by hand ‘more than one item / éplucher au couteau ou a la main hopu: lavarse, bafarse /10 bathe / se laver, se hot baigner hore: coriar una vez / to cut one time / couper en une fois hore vaena: cortar por la mitad / 10 cut in half / couper par la moitié hore hore: cortar con cuchillo mas de una cosa / to chopito cut several things | couper avec un couteau plus d'une chose huhure: pelar con la mano una cosa / to peel by hand | éplucher a la main quelque chose hure hure: pelar con la mano més de una cosa [10 peel many items by hand / éplucher a fa main plus d’une chose hure hure: desgranar / 10 shell / égratner ka ’ea ki runja: levantarse / to get out of bed / se lever ka hahati: quebrar aplicando fuerza / to break with force / casser en appliquant une force ka pohe: presumir / to presume / présumer ka tutu te ahi: hacer fuego en general / to make a fire faire du feu en général : comer / to eat / manger kata: ref /10 laugh / rire audi: coser, tejer / to sew, to knit { coudre, tricoter koa: alegrarse / 10 be glad / se réjouir koromaki: apenarse / 10 be grieved, sad / s'affliger, avoir de ta peine mao: terminar, {de acuerdo! / 10 finish, O.K! / terminer, d'acord maroa: pararse / 10 stop / s’arréter, se lever mate: morir / to die / mourir ma’u: llevar / to carry/ porter, emporter ma’u mai: traer/ to bring / ammener moe: acostarse / 10 go to bed se coucher moto: pelear / 0 fight / combattre, lutter, se disputer maro: perder / 10 lose | perdre natu: amasar, prensar/ fo knead, to press / pétrir, presser Natu Natu: masajear / 10 massage / masser noho: sentarse / fo sit | s'assoire oho: ir /10 go /aller oho mai: venir / 10 come / venir obu: Hamar / to call / appeler oi: mezclar, revolver / fo mix, to stir | mélanger, remuer 04 ok batir /10 beai, whip { battre Gra: vivir / 10 live / vivre 21“ori: bailar / to dance | danser Gro: rallar /to grate / rdper Sti: terminar / 10 finish, to end / terminer pathi: rasgar / 10 tear | déchirer POhe: desear / 10 desire / désirer pu’a: golpear, pegar / fo hit or strike / frapper purumu: barrer / 10 sweep / balayer rara: tostar/ to toast / griller, rdtir, torréfier rara rara: averiguar, investigar /to investigate / vérifier, rechercher ava’a: encontrar / to find / trouver rere: saltar, volar / to jump, to fly / ldcher, voler iu: cantar / to sing / chanter tahuti: corer /to run / courrir tamiti: salar / to dry or cure with salt/ saler tani: lorar / 10 cry/ pleurer tata: lavar / to wash / laver tataku: enumerar / fo count / ennumérer tau: colgar / 10 hang / pendre, suspendre tina’i: agredir a golpes / 10 assault with blows or strikes | attaquer avec des coups romper mediante golpes / to break by hitting? / casser en assenant des coups tunu: cocinar / to cook / cuisiner tunu ahi: asar / 10 grill / rotir rar / to look / regarder nu: beber / to drink / boire utu’a: castigar / to punish / chatier, punir vahi: repartir entre dos / to divide between two / répartir en deux vahi vahi: repartir entre varios /10 divide between many / répartir entre plusieurs vanama: hablar, conversar / to talk, to chat / parler, converser, causer varu varu: descamar, raspar / 10 scrape J desquamer, racler ‘vera: quemarse / to burn / se briler 22 varu varuCUALIDADES: QUALITIES / QUALITES Yeo: fragante / fragrant | parfumé hahau: fresco / cool / frais hehe hehe: himedo / humid / humide heka heka: blando / soft / mou, doux hio hio: duro / hard / dure "E lleno /full / plein kona kona: desabrido / tasteless / fade, insipide mahana: tibio / tepid, lukewarm / tide ma’i taki: limpio / clean / propre mango: agrio, dcido, amargo / bitter, acidic, sour / aigre, acide, amere maneo miti: salado/ salty / salé mata: crudo/ raw /eru nene: sabroso, rico, dulce / tasty, sweet / savoureux, agréable Yo’one: sucio / dirty / sale *o’otu: cocido / stewed or poached in liquid {cuit paka paka: seco / dry / sec eno peno: grueso / thick / épais piro: podrido, descompuesto, fétido / rotten J pourris, décomposé, fétide ordi: frito / fried / frit i rai: delgado / thin / mince 1ojado / wer / mouillé vacio / empty / vide takeo: helado / frozen, ice cream / glacé to’e toe: congelado / frozen / congelé Bra: muy dulce, empalagoso / 100 sweet, t00 sticky / trés sueré, écoeurant vera: caliente / hot / chaud vera vera: quemado / burnt / briiléCOMIDAS: FOOD / LES PLATS CUISINES ariko rapa nui o’otu: guiso de porotos de una especie endémica / stew made from beans native to the island / ragott de haricots d'une espéce endémique ate pora: bife de higado / beef liver / steak de foie chopu: sopa. Del inglés / soup. From English / soupe. De Vanglais chopu atreta: sopa de pollo de campo. Del castellano satleta’ / chicken soup / soupe de poulet. De Vespagnol ‘atleta’ haraoa: pan / bread / pain heru oru: patitas de cerdo cocidas / stewed pig's feet /pattes de pore cuites huri huri: frito de platano maduro mezclado con huevo, harina y azticar | ripe banana mixed with egg, flour and sugar, and fried / friture de banane mire mélangée avec de l’oeuf, de la farine et du sucre ika mata: pescado crudo desmenuzado, cocido en lim6n y otros alifios / raw fish cooked in lemon Juice and spices, ‘ceviche’ | poisson cru émietté, cuit dans du jus de citron et avec d'autres assaisonnements kava kava oru: costillar de cerdo / pork ribs / cdtes de pore kiko tunu vai: came cocida en agua / boiled or poached meat | viande euite d eau ete kete: guiso hecho con el estémago (librillo) del animal / soup made from the stomach (psalterium) of an animal | ragoat préparé avec Vestomac (feuillet) de Vanimal kokoma 0’otu: intestinos de animal cocidos / stewed animal intestines / intestins de animal cuits kumi poré: camote o papa frita / fried potato or sweet potato / patate douce ou pomme de terre frite kumi oro pora: camote rallado frito en poco aceite y dorado con azticar / sweet potato that is grated, fried, and covered with sugar / patate douce so 25rape. frite dans un peu d’huile et dore avec du sucre maika para pord: plétano maduro entero, frito en poco aceite / fried bananas with sugar / banane mitre, entiére, frite dans un peu d'huile maika pord: plétano verde frito en rebanadas largas / slices of fried green bananas / Banane verte frite, coupée en tranches allongées mama J oeufs durs mapé o'otu: guiso de rifiones / kidney stew: / ragotit de rognons matakia: mantequilla. Del castellano / butter / beurre. De l'espagnol miti: sal / salt / sel mona mona: caramelo / caramel / bombon, et toute substance sucrée junu: huevos duros / hard-boiled eggs tka mata mona mona tuava: mermelada de guayaba / guava jam, marmalade / confiture de goyave mort: grasa / grease, fat / graisse nene nene o’otu: guiso hecho con estémago (cuajo) animal / stew made from the stomach (abomasum) of an animal /ragottt préparé avec l’estomac (cailleite) de animal Bi di: huevo revuelto frito con harina y azticar / scrambled eggs with wheat flour and sugar /oeuf brouillé, frit avec de la farine et du sucre pa'a: trozos fritos de grasa y came / fried pieces of ‘meat and fat | morceaux fris de graisse et de viande pani: empanada / turnover containing meat and onions or cheese | ‘empanada’, espece de friand ou de chausson fourré avec une préparation de viande, oignon, oeuf dure, olive, et autres assaisonnements. Typiquement sudaméricain pata: quesillo, queso / cheese / fromage, fiomage frais pipi kai o’otu: caracoles hervidos / boiled snails / escargots bouillis, poe: plitano maduro molido y mezclado con harina, azticar, leche y aceite que envuelto en hoja de platano se cuece con el curanto, 26‘También se hace de mandioca, taro, papaya, zapallo, camote / mashed banana ‘mixed with flour, sugar, milk and oil, wrapped in a banana leaf and cooked in a rustic, outdoor oven that consists of heated stones enclosed in a sand pit and covered with banana leares. Also made with manioe, taro, papaya, squash, and sweet potato / banane mire, applatie et mélangée avec de la farine, du sucre, du lait et de U'huile enroulée dans des feuilles de bananier, et qui se cuit avec le “‘curanto’ I est possible de la faire avec du manioc, caracara, papaye, calebasse, patate douce taraki: carne seca y salada para conservarla, Del quechua charki / dried, salted meat; ‘jerky’ / viande séche et salée pour la conserver. Du quechua ‘charki’ tihopu: sopa, en general / soup / soupe, en général tihopu ika: sopa de pescado / fish soup / soupe de poisson cunu ahi tihopu kiko: caldo con trozos de came, papas y otras verduras / beef and vegetable soup / bouillon avec des morceaux de viande, pommes de terre et autres légumes toto o’otu: embutido de sangre cocida y alifiada / spicy blood sausage / boudin tunu ahi: cocinar a la parrilla o sobre piedras calientes / 10 cook food on the grill or over hot stones | euire a la braise ou sur des pierres chaudes ii maika: albéndiga de plitano verde rallado, con leche y azticar / grated green banana, milk and sugar in little balls / croquetie de banane verte, avec du lait et du sucre ii mautini: trozos de zapallo cocido, con leche y anicar / pieces of squash cooked with milk and sugar / morceaux de calebasse cuite, avec du lait et du sucre ii taro: trozos de taro cocido, con leche y azticar / pieces of taro cooked with milk and sugar / morceaux de ‘taro’ (tubercule comestible) cuits, avec du lait et du sucreVESTUARIO: CLOTHING / VETEMENTS akipi: calz6n 0 calzoncillo / underwear | culotte ou calegon anparkata: alpargata. Del castellano / sandals / espadrille. De Vespagnol hami: taparrabos. Clisico / loinetoth / pagne haro’i: pafuelo; pafioleta / handkerchief / mouchoir, foulard ha’u: sombrero / hat / chapeau hei: corona / crown or wreath / couronne hei huru huru: corona de plumas / crown of feathers / couronne de plumes hei kakaka: corona de fibra de phitano / crown of banana leaves and fibers / couronne de fibre de platanier hei mahute: corona de ‘mahute’ / crown of ‘mahute,’ or paper mulberry / Courone de ‘mahute’ hei pure: corona de caracoles / snail shell crown / couronne descargots hei tiare: corona de flores / crown of flowers / couronne de fleurs hora: reloj. Del castellano hora / waich / monire. De Vespagnol ‘hora’ Kahu: ropa/ clothes / vétement kahu ana: ropa de trabajo / work clothes, uniform | vétement de travail kahu e’a: ropa formal o elegante / dress, elegant clothes / vétement élégant kahu huru huru: ropa de plumas / clothes of ‘feathers | véiement de plumes kahu kakaka: ropa de fibra de plitano / clothes of 4 mana leaves and fibers /véement de fbre de Me NETRA , & hd platanier .. Kamita: camisa, Del castellano / shirt. From Spanish / chemise. De Fespagnol kamita rima poto poto: camisa de manga corta / short-sleeved shirt | chemise & manches courtes: kamita rima roa roa: camisa de manga larga / long-sleeved shirt / chemise d ‘manches longues karesone: calzén, Del castellano / underwear. From Spanish / culotte. De l'epagnol hei tiare 4. 28karone tiare: collarde flores / flower necklace; ‘lei’ / collier de leurs kasontio: calzoncillo. Del castellano / underwear. From Spanish / calecon. De l'espagnol ‘calzoncillo” kete: bolsillo / pocket / poche kiri va’e: zapato. Lit. ‘cuero para el pie’ /shoes / chaussure, Lintér.: ‘Cuir pour le pied" kiri va’e reke: zapato con taco / shoe with heel / chaussure a talon kontorito: sandalia sujeta al pic por una correa que se introduce entre los dos dedos mayores. Del caste- Iano de Chile, ‘Condorito’ / thong sandal / Tongue. Sandale soutenue au pied par une courroie qui s’introduit entre les deux doigts principaux du pied. De l'espagnol du Chili: “Condorito korone ~karone: collar / necklace / collier kotini: calcetin, media. Del castellano / socks. From Spanish / chaussette, bas. De l'espagnol ma’u Gi: sostén / bra / soutien-gorge paratoa: abrigo,chaqueta. Del francés ‘paletor” / jacket, overcoat | manteau, veste. Du francais ‘paletor” paratoa ‘tia: impermeable / rain jacket / imperméable pareu: trozo de tela rectangular, generalmente muy colorido, que. colocado de distintas maneras, constituye la vestimenta tipica / a rectangular, brightly colored cloth wrap, worn in different ways, that 29constitutes typical clothing of the island / morceau de toile rectangulaire, généralement tres colorée, qui, utilisée de plusieurs jagons différemes, en fait Vhabillementt typique pareu poto poto: pareo corto / short cloth wrap / pareo court pareu roa roa: pareo largo / long cloth wrap / pareo long pena pirip® ~ pena: cinturén / belt / ceinture piripS va’e poto poto: pantaldn corto / shorts / short, pantaton court piripS va’e roa roa: pantalén largo / long pants J pantalon LQ piripd va’e teke teke: pantalén corto / shoris | 9 ay short, pantalon court 5 pollera, falda, Del castellano / skirt. From Spanish / jupe. De l'espagnol porera: polera, Del castellano / t-shirt. From Spanish / t-shirt. De Vespagnol porera rima poto poto: polera de manga corta / short sleeved t-shirt | t-shirt & ‘manches courtes porera rima roa roa: polera de manga larga / long sleeved t-shirt | t-shirt @ manches longues puiti: bota. Del inglés / boots / botte. De l'anglais purusera: pulsera, Del castellano / bracelet. From Spanish / bracelet. De l'espagnol Gru rima: pulsera. Clasico / bracelet / bracelet rentara: delantal. Del castellano / apron. From Spanish | tablier. De Vespagnol rierse: chaleco, chomba, sweater. Del inglés Jersey / sweater ( gilet, tricot, pull-over. De Vanglais ‘jersey’ sapatia: zapatilla, Del castellano / training shoe. From Spanish / baskettes. De Vespagnol tape’a rima: anillo / ring / bague tape’a tarina: aros para la oreja / earrings J boucles d'oreilles vata: vestido en general. Del castellano / dress. From Spanish / vétement. De espagnol vata poto poto: vestido corto / short dress / robe courte vata roa roa: vestido largo / long dress { robe longue hei huru huru poi kahu huru huru 30,aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book.aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book.33aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book.aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book.aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book.*o'aka o te kopii: dolor de estémago { stomachache } maux d'estomac rerehu: desmayo / faint / évanouissement rua: vémito / vomit / vomissement rurii te inana: taquicardia / heart palpitations ‘ taquicardie takeo: frio / cold / froid tehi: estornudo / sneeze / éternuement tumu: tos / cough / ioux ve'a ve'a: calor / warm / chaleur ENFERMEDADES: ILLNESSES / MALADIES vahido. Clasico / dizziness / vertige, étourdissement. Classique Thu: hinchazdn / swelling /enflure, gonflement *eka’eka: sama, sarampi6n / itch / gale, rougeole haha ra’a ra’: stomatitis herpes bucales ! oral herpes, cold sores / stomanite, herpés bucal hara kea: funinculo / boil / furoncle hati: fractura// fracture / fracture hihi mareno: sifilis / syphilis / syphilis Kino: micosis / a fungal infection affecting the skin, such as ringworm or athlete's foot / mycose konso: hepatitis / hepatitis | hépatite Kokomo: gripe. catarro /cold / grippe, rhume featarrhe) mahuna: acné / acne / acné mamue: dolor / pain / doweur mamue pila: célico / colic / colique mare: asma /athsma / asthme mata kanione: orzuelo / sty / orgelet a keva: ceguera/ blindness /aveuglement, edcité maui ui pe’e: enfermedad contagiosa contagious illness / maladie comagieuse mau’iui’ino: enfermedad grave / serious illness {maladie grave ma’a ma’a: locura / mental illness / folie J oystitis / cystite nao ahu: amigdalitis / ronsilitis / amygdalite opt: gonorrea / gonorrhea! gonorrhée pako’o: luxacién / sprain / luxation pupuaheke: verruga / wart / verrue repera: lepra. Del castellano / leprosy / lepre tarina pd: sordera, sordo / deafness, deaf 1 surdité, sourd tunoku: esguince /1o sprain the ankle, etc / foulure OTROS: OTHER / AUTRES "eka: sarro denial / tartar on the teeth / tartre dentaire haka pu re’i rei: masturbacién / masturbation / maturbation hakamama: bostezo /yawn /baillement hau hanu: respiracién /10 breathe / respiration he pi’i: contusién / contusion / contusion haka hep3: sonambulismo / sleepwalking / somaanbulisme lo. Del castellano / callus / cor, durilton : enucto / helel, burp / éructation kere reki: hipo/ hiccup / hoquet Kiri: piel, cutis, cuero / skin, complexion, leather | peau, peau du visage, cuir mino mino: arruga / wrinkle / ride nua ra’au: anciana curandera / healer, medicine woman / vieille guérisseuse nomoro: ronquido / snore / ronflement ure nure: peca / freckle ( tache de rousseur pipi pipi: peca/ freckle / tache de rousseur reka reka: orgasmo. Lit. ‘cosquillas’ / orgasm Lol Lit rima maiti: zurdo / left-handed / gaucher tauromi: masajes / massage / massages tund; lunar / mole / grain de beauté tuta’e: excremento / excrement / excrément yere haina: vello axilar / underarm hair / duvet axillaires vere puku: vello pubiano / pubic hair / duvet pubien vase. Lit, ‘chatouilles aeaa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book.aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book.aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book.‘man by an older person / traitement affectif donné a un homme par une personne dgée makupuna: nieto. Genérico / grandchild / petit-fils. Générique mate ema: agonia /agony /agonie mate: morir, muerte / dead / mourrir, mort matu’a: padre. Genérico /parent ! pere. Geénérique matu’a tane: padre / father / pore matu’a vahine: madre / mother / mere mauku: trato despectivo para el chileno conti- nental de clase baja. Lit. ‘pasto’ / negative treatment toward mainland Chileans of a lower class. Lit ‘grass’ | traitement ‘méprisant envers le chilien du continent de classe sociale basse. Lit. ‘mauvaise herbe’ ma’ama: persona criada por otra familia /person raised by a family to whom they are not biologically related; adopted person | personne élevée par une autre famille i: estado de virginidad / virgin / état de virginité napoki: nifios, Genérico / children / enfants. Générique naaa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book.aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book.aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book.aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book.aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book.aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book.aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book.aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book.aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for 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LE CADRE DOMESTIQUE Objetos i, LQualités INDICE COMMS. siciniiniiariiinaiane PONS aaa Pn Cae ‘estuario.. 7Vétements IMI. CUERPO HUMAN /IM. LE CORPS ‘Cabeza. /La Téte Aparato locomotor / Appareil locomoteur Aparatos digestivo y excretor. /Appareils digestif et excréteur Aparatos respiratorios y circulatorio /Appareils circulatoire et respiratoire Aparato reproducto / Appareil reproductewr Humores.. /Humeurs Sintomas. /Symptémes IV. CICLO DE VIDA Y RELACIONES PERSONALES. /WV. CYCLE DE Cualilades personales. /Qualités personnelles , TRABAJO AGRICOL, /V. AGRICULTURE Productos agricola... /Produits agricoles Herramientas y materiales de trabajo ...cceeecosene / Outils el matériels de travail IL THE HUMAN BODY.......... ‘The heac ‘The locomotive system... v» The digestive and exeretory systems... ‘The respiratory and circulatory systems... The reproductive system. Body Muid Symptoms... Mlnesse Other. IV. LIFE CYCLE AND RELATIONSHIPS. NELLES Personal characteristics... V. AGRICULTURE... Agricultural products... ‘Tools and work materials...