red and green are opposites

assume red and green cancel each other

net color = neutral

take away one red

take away one red

net color = 1 green

take away two red

take away two red

net color = 2 green

net color = neutral

net color = 2 red

in this arrangement

green is trapped inside. Only red balls can be added or taken away

color = 2 green

color = 1 red

color = ?

3 red

color = ?

3 green

In order to understand what ions are, we need to know that

+ + + + +

the particles that make up atoms have either positive or negative charge

+ + + +

positive and negative are opposites they cancel each other out
+

+ + + + +

net charge = zero

the positive (+) particle is called a

proton

the negative (-) particle is called an

electron

in an atom, protons ( + ) are in the center and electrons ( ) are on the outside
+ ++ + +

only electrons ( ) can be added or taken away

+ ++ + +

this is an atom with 5 electrons and 5 protons

+ ++ + +

the atom is neutral net charge = zero

+ ++ + +

5 (-) and 5 (+) = zero charge (neutral)

+ ++ + +

+ ++ + +

+ ++ + +

charge = ?

+ ++ + +

charge = 1- (one minus)

+ ++ + +

+ ++ + +

+ ++ + +

charge = ?

+ ++ +

2+ (two plus)

+ ++ + +

WHEN REMOVING ELECTRONS

WHEN REMOVING ELECTRONS THE RESULTING CHARGE IS POSITIVE

WHEN REMOVING ELECTRONS THE RESULTING CHARGE IS POSITIVE

neutral

1+

WHEN ADDING ELECTRONS

WHEN ADDING ELECTRONS THE RESULTING CHARGE IS NEGATIVE

WHEN ADDING ELECTRONS THE RESULTING CHARGE IS NEGATIVE

neutral

An atom with positive or negative charge

is called an
drum roll

ION

Atoms without charge are called ATOMS Atoms with positive or negative charge

are called IONS

Notice that ONLY the number of e- changes (Only electrons are added or subtracted) The number of protons in an Atom NEVER changes (why?)

ions make up the salt you put on your eggs in the morning

ions are required for your brain to function (ions allow you to see and understand this presentation)

ions are an essential ingredient in soap

ions are required for cellular respiration C6H12O6 + O2

CO2 + H2O

ions make up acids and bases

ions keep your blood functioning

ions make up the salt you put on your eggs in the morning

ions are required for your brain to function (ions allow you to see and understand this presentation)
ions are an essential ingredient in soap

ions are required for cellular respiration C6H12O6 + O2

ions make up acids and bases ions keep your blood functioning

CO2 + H2O

ETCETERA