Moving Shocks

Gas Dynamics

MOVING NORMAL SHOCKS

A moving shock is a shock wave that is traveling through a uid (often gaseous) medium with a velocity relative to the velocity of the uid already making up the medium.
As such, the normal shock relations require modication to calculate the properties before and after the moving shock.
For example, when a valve is suddenly closed and a shock propagates upstream. On the other extreme, when a valve is suddenly opened or a membrane is ruptured, a shock occurs and propagates downstream (the opposite direction of the previous case).

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Gas Dynamics

Comparison between Stationary and Moving Shock

For this analysis, the coordinates move with the shock. Here, the prime () denote the values of the static coordinates.

Assuming that the shock is moving to the right, the velocity measured by the observer is

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An Example

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PrandtlMeyer Flow

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Entropy Change

For a normal shock:
The entropy change for any process with a perfect gas:

Gas Dynamics

Note that if we want to consider weak shocks for which M1 1



Gas Dynamics

This is a differential equation which relates a change d in the ow angle to a change dV in the ow speed throughout the expansion fan.

Prandtl-Meyer Function

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