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a) ii. What is structure number 8 is made up of and what is structure number 8 is called?
_____________________________________________________________________
b) i. Write down the flow of air during exhalation process
_____________________________________________________________________
c) Cigarette smoking is harmful to lungs. Name three substances that is harmful and what
does it causes?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
d) Name two important body structures of human that protects the respiratory system
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
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Alveolus
Blood Capillary
ii. Name the gaseous that diffuse in and out of blood capillary:
1. Gas that is diffused in ____________________________________
2. Gas that is diffused out __________________________________
b) i. State 3 characteristics of alveolus
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
ii. Why the alveolus has adopted these characteristics?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
c) How can the heat from cigarette smoke affect the alveolus?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
d) Name two diseases related to cigarette smoking?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
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a) i. When the pump is turned on, what happens to the cotton wool?
_________________________________________________________________________
ii. What is the substance in the cigarette smoke that causes the cotton wool to change?
_________________________________________________________________________
b) i. What happens to the universal indicator?
_________________________________________________________________________
ii. What is the substance that causes the universal indicator to change colour?
_________________________________________________________________________
c) i. One of the important apparatus is not fixed in this experiment. State the apparatus which
is missing
________________________________________________________________________
ii. What substance in the cigarette smoke that causes addiction and cancer?
Addiction: ______________________________________________
Cancer:_________________________________________________
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5. Diagram below shows a model of a bell jar that represents the model of respiratory
system
a. Match and write the correct name for the structure above
Lungs
Rubber sheet
Trachea
b. Using the bell jar experiment, explain what will happen to the structure that
represents the lungs if we pull the rubber sheet down
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
c. Explain what will happen to the structure that represents lungs if we push the
rubber sheet up
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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a) i. Label the above diagram correctly with the words in the table below
Left Atrium
Left Ventricle
Right Atrium
Right Ventricle
Vena Cava
Aorta
Pulmonary Vein
Pulmonary Artery
Tricuspid Valve
Bicuspid Valve
Semilunar Valve
Septum
ii. Use the arrow design below to draw the flow of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in
the heart.
Oxygenated blood
Deoxygenated blood - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - b) i. Why does the ventricle wall is thicker then the walls of atrium?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
ii. What is the function of the structure septum?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
c) What is the function of valve?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
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a) i. What are the types of circulatory does this double circulatory consist of?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
ii. State the function of these circulatory systems
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
b) What are the advantages of animals having double circulatory system?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
c) The gaseous exchange happens in the lungs and in body cells. What is the name of
the cells that carries the oxygen and explains how it is transported from alveolus to
the body cells?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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X:_______________________________
Y:_______________________________
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14.
a) i. What is the use of the flagellum or also known as the tail for the sperm?
_____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
ii. How many sperm is needed to fertilise the ovum cell?
iii.
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i.
Based on the above diagram name the process that happens during each phases below.
Day 1 Day 5 :____________________________________________________________
Day 6 Day 12:___________________________________________________________
Day 13 Day 15 __________________________________________________________
Day 16 Day 28:__________________________________________________________
ii.
What happens to the uterus lining after day 16th if fertilisation process happened during
day 14th?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
iii.
Why females should maintain their hygiene level from day 1 until the 5th day ?
________________________________________________________________________
c) What are the physical methods to prevents pregnancy
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
d) Diagram below show a foetus in mothers womb
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i.
ii.
What are the structures that protect the baby from receiving shocks?
______________________________________________________________
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P:
R:
Q:
S:
S:
a) i. Label P,Q,R and S with its appropriate asexual method of reproduction
ii. State two advantage of asexual reproduction
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
b) Give another example of organism that does the same asexual reproduction with
organism S.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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a. i.
ii.
_________________________________________________________
iii.
_________________________________________________________
b)
i.
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i.
ii.
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i.
ii.
a. i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
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a. In the test tube, three crucible are filled with three different type of metals
i.
State the function of potassium manganate (vii) crystals
_____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
ii.
iii.
iv.
If metal X reacted faster than metal Y, and metal Z reacted faster than metal X, write
down the examples of metals in the space provided below.
X
Y
Z
Write down the word equation for metal Y for the reaction that had happened in the
experiment.
_____________________________________________________________________
Name the gas formed in the other test tube
_____________________________________________________________________
b. Magnesium sulphide is heated. The gas released by this reaction can be tested by using
which solution? State the result of this experiment
_______________________________________________________________________
c. Give three examples of natural calcium carbonate
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
d. State one use of quick lime and slake lime each.
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a. Draw an arrow to show the direction of the current flow in the diagram above.
b. Calculate the total resistant of this series circuit
c. If the resistant is replaced with three identical bulbs, state the brightness of each of
the bulbs
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
d. State two advantage of series circuit
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
e. State two disadvantage of this circuit
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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b. Draw a voltage meter and an ampere meter in any location on the circuit above.
c. What is the total current value of this circuit
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22. Diagram below shows an experiment to create magnetic field using electricity
d. Label the north and south poles created by the magnet on the diagram above.
e. What is the scientific term used to describe this study?
_________________________________________________________________
f.
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23. Diagram below shows how the electricity is produced and how the current flows in to
industrial areas, offices and resident does.
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e. If an electrical appliance needs a current flow of 12A. What will be the value of the
fuse used in the three Pin Plug?
_____________________________________________________________________
f.
h. If an oven uses 800 Watt and the voltage supplied is 240V, Calculate the curre
24.
a. What is the name of the galaxy that is nearest to our galaxy
_______________________________________________________________
b.
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g. Diagram below shows the formation and the death of a star. What is Q, R and S
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Answering technique
The PMR science exam consists of two papers:
Paper 1 (40 marks)
40 objective questions.
You may answer part of the question in one language and the other part in
the other language.
Labelling questions
Classification
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Chemical tests
Calculation
Principles of science
Drawing
Structured questions
General questions
Variables
Aim of experiment
Hypothesis
Observation
Prediction
Example of a question: From the graph, find out the value of T when
the mass is 10g.
Inference
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Conclusion
This is the same as the hypothesis.
Example :...Question 8:
A group of students carried out an experiment, using a spring and a set of slotted
weights as shown in the diagram below, to investigate the relationship between
the length of the spring and the weight
Extension of spring / cm
10
20
30
40
50
1.
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Common error: Students only write weights. You must write out the
answer in full.
What is the inference that you can make based on this experiment?
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5.
Based on the data, draw a graph to show the relationship between
the length of the spring and the number of slotted weights.
Answer: 60cm
Tutors comment: Draw the corresponding lines on your graph
and get the reading from the graph.
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Write one inference about the air pressure between situation P and situation Q.
Tulis satu inferens tentang tekanan udara antara situasi P dan situasi Q.
____________________________________________________________
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Diagram 8.2 shows an experiment carried out by student to study the factor that affects air
pressure. The piston are pushed slowly inwards to compress the air inside the syringe. The
volume and the pressure gauge reading are recorded on Table 8.1.
Rajah 8.2 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji faktor yang mempengaruhi tekanan
udara. Omboh ditolak dengan perlahan ke dalam untuk memampatkan udara di dalam picagari.
Isipadu dan bacaan tolok tekanan direkodkan pada Jadual 8.1.
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.....................................................manakala.............................................................
(Situasi 1)
(Situasi 2)
2. Menyatakan inferens
Sebab atau penerangan daripada pemerhatian.
Mulai PMR 2012, calon diwajibkan menggunakan perkataan kerana dan bukan lagi
bergantung kepada atau mempengaruhi atau dipengaruhi.Pemerhatian
kebiasaannya adalah pembolehubah bergerakbalas.
Contoh: Mentol A menyala lebih terang kerana rintangannya rendah.
.......................................................................... kerana
.................................................................
(Pemerhatian-RV)
(Sebab)
3. Merekod bacaan
Mengukur suatu kuantiti dari rajah dan dicatatkan di dalam jadual.
Calon mesti mempunyai kemahiran untuk mengukur dengan memberi jawapan
yang paling tepat.
Contoh: Record the time taken for the..................................
4. Meramal
Meramal suatu kuantiti dan dinyatakan dalam bentuk angka, julat atau ayat.
Contoh: Predict the time taken for the..........................
Contoh jawapan: 10s(angka) , 5 15 s(julat) , lebih daripada 5s(ayat)
5. Memplot graf atau carta bar
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(RV)
7. Menyatakan pembolehubah
Manipulated variable(MV) - pembolehubah yang boleh diubah-ubah seperti
saiz,bentuk,bilangan, suhu dan sebagainya.
Responding variable(RV) - hasil keputusan eksperimen yang dicatat
Constant variable-kuantiti yang ditetapkan agar tidak mempengaruhi keputusan
lain
Peringatan: Radas tidak boleh dipertimbangkan sebagai pembolehubah.
Contoh: Jenis radas
Cara menulis pembolehubah:
Mesti tulis parameter untuk setiap pembolehubah
Contoh: panjang spring / ketebalan spring / jisim logam / saiz bahan / isipadu
cecair / jenis spring
Jika calon tulis spring sahaja maka jawapan adalah salah.
Pembolehubah boleh dikenalpasti daripada jadual dan graf
1. Dari jadual:
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2. Dari graf:
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(RV)
Jika calon tulis jawapan seperti berikut: is rate of dissolving ( jawapan calon adalah
salah )
Jika calon tidak pasti jawapan untuk RV maka langkah terakhir yang calon boleh
lakukan adalah dengan merujuk kepada pembolehubah bergerakbalas (RV) pada
paksi-Y dan tulis pada ruang jawapan.
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