In chapter Exercise - 1

1.(a) ( ) ( )
2
x 2 4 x 1 1 0 + + + =

2
x 4x 4 4x 4 1 0 + + + =

2
x 1 0 + = x 1 =
(b)
2
x 14x 45 0 + + =

2
x 5x 5x 45 0 + + + =
( )( ) x 9 x 5 0 + + = x 5, 9 =
(c)
4 2
x 8x 9 0 =

4 2 2
x 9x x 9 0 + =

( ) ( )
2 2 2
x x 9 1 x 9 0 + =

( )( )
2 2
x 9 x 1 0 + =
2
x 9 = or
2
x 1 =
x 3, 1 =
(d)
( )
2
x 5 2 x 10 0 + + =

2
x 5x 2x 10 0 + =

( ) ( )
x x 5 2 x 5 0 =

( )( )
x 5 x 2 0 = x 2, 5 =

2.(a)
4
x 5x 6 0 + =

4 2 2
x 2x 3x 6 0 + =

( ) ( )
2 2 2
x x 2 3 x 2 0 =

( )( )
2 2
x 3 x 2 0 = x 2, 3 =
(b)
23 13
x x 2 0 + =

23 13 13
x 2x x 2 0 + + =

( ) ( )
13 13 2 13
x x 1 x 2 0
+
+ =

( )( )
13 13
x 2 x 1 0 + =
13
x 2 = x 8 =

13
x 1 = + x 1 =
(c)
( ) x 1 x 1 x 1
4 2.2 2 2 0

+ =

( )
( ) ( )
x 1 x 1 x 1
2 2 2 1 2 2 0

=

( )( )
x 1 x 1
2 2 2 1 0

=

x 1
2 2

= , or
x 1
2 1

=
x 1 0 = or x 1 0 =
x 2 = or x 1 =
(d)
1 x 1 x
7 7 50
+
+ =

( )
x x
x
7
7.7 50 7 ysay
7
+ = = =

7
7.y 50
y
+ =
2
7y 50y 7 0 + =

2
7y 49y y 7 0 + = 7 ( ) ( ) 7y y 7 1 y 7 0 =
( )( ) 7y 1 y 7 0 = y 7,17 =

x
7 7 = x 1 =
x
7 17 = x 1 =

3.(a) x 1 2x 5 3 + + =
x 1 0 + > x , 1 > , 2x 5 0 > x 5 2 >
x 5 2 >
Square ( ) ( ) ( )( ) x 1 2x 5 2 x 1 2x 5 9 + + + + =

2
3x 4 2 2x 3x 5 9 + =

2
2 2x 3x 5 13 3x =

( )
2 2
4 2x 3x 5 9x 78x 169 = +

2
x 66x 189 0 + = ( )( ) x 63 x 3 0 = x 3,63 =
Only x 3 = satisfy
(b) x y =
2
y y 2 0 =
2
y 2y y 2 0 + =
( ) ( ) y y 2 1 y 2 0 + = ( )( ) y 2 y 1 0 + =
y 2, 1 = but x y =
x 2, = x 4 = , x 1 =
(c) 3x 1 x 1 2 + =
( ) ( ) 3x 1 x 1 2 3x 1 x 1 4 + + + + =
( )( ) 2 3x 1 x 1 4 4x + =
( )
2
2
3x 3x x 1 2 2x + =

2 2
3x 2x 1 4x 8x 4 = +

2
x 6x 5 0 + = ( )( ) x 1 x 5 0 =
x 1,5 =
(d) x 20 x 4 4 x 1 + + + =
( )( ) ( ) x 20 x 4 2 x 20 x 4 16 x 1 + + + + + + =

2
24 24 2 x 24x 80 16x 16 + + + + =

2
2 x 24x 80 14x 40 + + =
( )
2
2 2
x 24x 80 7x 20 49x 280x 400 + + = = +

2
48x 304x 320 0 + =

2
3x 19x 20 0 + =

2
3x 15x 4x 30 0 + =
( ) ( ) 3x x 5 4 4 5 0 =
( )( ) 3x 4 x 5 0 = x 5,x 43 = =


4.(a)
x
y
1 x
=

1 13
y
y 6
+ =
2
6y 13y 6 0 + =

2
6y 4y 9y 6 0 + =
( ) ( ) 2y 3y 2 3 3y 2 0 = ( )( ) 3y 2 2y 3 0 =

2 3
y ,
3 2
=
If
x 2
1.x 3
=
x 4
1 x 9
=

9x 4 4x =
4
x
13
=
If
x 3
1 x 2
=

x 9
1 x 4
=

9
4x 9 9x 5x
13
= = =
(b) x 1x y = ( ) ( )
2 2
x 1x x 1x 4 + = +

2
3
y y 0
2
=
2
2y 3y 0 =
( ) y 2y 3 0 = y 0,3 2 =

1
x 0
x
= x 1 = ,
1 3
x
x 2
= x
2
x 1
3 2
x

=

2
2x 2 3x =

2
2x 3x 2 0 =

2
2x 4x x 2 0 + =
( ) ( ) 2x x 2 1 x 2 0 + =
x 2, 12 =
(c)
1
x y
x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

2 2 2
x 1 x y 2 + =

( )
2
9 y 2 27y 8 0 + =
2
9y 27y 10 0 =

2
9y 30y 3y 10 0 + = ( ) ( ) 3y 3y 10 1 3y 10 0 + =
( )( ) 3y 10 3y 1 0 + =
10
y , 13
3
=

1 10
x
x 3
+ =
2
x 1 10
x x
+
=
2
3x 3 10x + =

2
3x 10x 3 0 + =
2
3x 9x 3 0 + =
( ) ( ) 3x x 3 1 x 3 0 = x 3,13 =
If x 1x 13 + =
2
x 1
13
x
+
=
2
3x 3 x + =

2
3x x 3 0 + + = no real roots.
(d)
( )
x
4 15 y + =

1
y 8
y
+ =
2
y 8y 1 0 + =

8 64 4 8 60
y 4 15
2 2

= = =
If y 4 15 =
( )
x
4 15 4 15 + = + x 1 =
If y 4 15 =
( ) ( )
x
4 15 4 15 + = x 1 =

5.(a)
2
x 5x y + =

2
y 2y 24 0 =
2
y 6y 4y 24 0 + =
( ) y y 6 4 0 + = y 6, 4 =
If y 6 =
2
x 5x 6 0 + =
2
x 6x x 6 0 + = ( )( ) x 6 x 1 0 + = x 1, 6 =
If y 4 = ( ) ( )
2
x 5x 5 0 x 4 x 1 0 + + = + + = x 4, 1 =
(b) dividing
2
x

2
2
1 2
2x x 11 0
x x
+ + + =

( )
2 2
2 x 1 x x 1 x 11 0 + + + =
Let x 1x y + =

( )
2
2 y 2 y 11 0 + =

2
2y y 15 0 + =
2
2y 6y 5y 15 0 + =
y 3,5 2 =
If
5
x 1x
2
+ =
2
2x 5x 2 0 + =
2
2x 4x x 2 0 + =
( ) ( ) 2x x 2 1 x 2 0 = x 2,12 =
(c) ( )( )( )( )
2
x 2 x 4 x 6 x 12 4x + + + + =

2 2
x 14x 24 x 10x 8y
y
x x
| | | | + + + +
=
| |
\ . \ .

Let
24
x y
x
+ =
( )( ) y 14 y 10 4 0 + + + =

2
y 24y 14y 0 + + = ( )
2
y 12 0 + = y 12 =

24
x 12
x
+ =
2
x 12x 24 0 + + =

12 144 96 12 48
x 6 2 3
2 2

= = =
(d) ( ) ( )
4 4
6 x 8 x 16 + =

6 x 8 x
y 7 x
2
+
= x 7 y =
( ) ( )
4 4
6 7 y 8 7 y 16 + + + =
( ) ( )
4 4
y 1 y 1 16 + + =

4 2
y 6y 7 0 + =
( )( )
2 2
y 7 y 1 0 + =

2
y 1 0 = y 1, 1 =
y 1 = x 6 =
y 1 = x 8 =

2
y 7 0 + = y i 7


In chapter Exercise 2

1.(a)
( ) ( )( )
2
x 5 2 3 5 2 3 x 5 2 3 5 2 3 0 + + + =
( )
2
x 10x 25 12 0 + + =

2
x 10x 13 0 + + =
(b) ( ) ( )( )
2
x 1 i 1 i x 1 i 1 i 0 + + + + + =

2
x 2x 2 0 + =
(c)
( ) ( )( )
2
x 2 i 3 2 i 3 x 2 i 3 2 i 3 0 + + + + =

2
x 4x 7 0 + =
(d) ( ) ( )
3 2
x 2i 5i 2 x 2i 5i 2i 2 5i 2 x 5i 2i 2 0 + + + + + =
( ) ( )
3 2
x 7i 2 x 14i 10 x 20 0 + + + =

2. (a)
b
, , c a
a

o+| = o | = g
( ) ( )
b c a b|c
1 1 1 1
a a a

+ o +| = + o+|+ o| = + =
(b)
( ) ( )
( )
2
3 3 2 2
c
2
a
| |
o |+ o| = o| o +| = o+| o|
|
\ .


2 2 2
2 3
c b 2ac cb 2ac
a a a
| | | |
= =
| |
\ .
\ .

(c)
b
c
o+|
=
o|

(d)
2 2
1 1
a a b a b a b c
o | o +|
+ = + =
o+| |+ o + o | + |


( )
b b
a c ac

= =



3. by equation transformation
(a) 2 y o =
y
2
o =

3
y y
a b c 0
2 2
| | | |
+ + =
| |

\ . \ .


3
ay by
c 0
8 2
+ =

3
ay 4by 8c 0 + =
(b)
1
y =
o

1
y
o =

3
1 1
a b c
y y
| | | |
+ +
| |
\ . \ .

2 3
a by cy 0 + + =
(c) 2 y o+ = y 2 o =
( ) ( )
3
y 2 b y 2 c 0 + + =

( )
3 2 2 3
a y 3y .2 3y.2 2 by 2b c 0 + + + =
( )
3 2
ay 6ay 12a b y 8a c 2b 0 + + + =
(d) 0 o+|+ = x o+| = , x | + = o , x+ o = |
y o = y o =
( ) ( )
3
a y b y c 0 + + =
3
ay by c 0 + = ay

4. (a) ( )( )( )
2
x 1 x 3 x 2 0 <

+ +
1 2 3


( )( ) 1,2 2,3
(b)
6x 5
0
4x 5

<
+
( ) ( ) 6x 5 4x 1 0 + <

1
x 5 6
4

< <
1 5
,
4 6
| |
|
\ .

(c)
( )
2
0.5
0
x x 1
<
+

2
0.5
0
x x 1
>
+


2
x x 1 0 + > x R e x R e
(d)
( )
2
2
x 5x 6
0
x x 1
+
<
+ +

2
x x 1 0 + + >

2
x 5x 6 0 + < 2 x 3 < <
(e)
( )( )
( )
2
x 1 x 2
0
1 x
+
<
+
( )( ) ( )
2
x 1 x 2 1 x 0 + + >

5

( ) ( ) ( ) , 2 2, 1 1,
(f)
2
2
x 4x 4
0
2x x 1
+ +
>


( )
2
2
x 2
0
2x 2x x 1
+
>
+


( )
( ) ( )
2
x 2
0
2x x 1 1 x 1
+
>
+

( )
( )( )
2
x 2
0
x 1 2x 1
+
>
+

( ) ( )( )
2
x 2 x 1 2x 1 0 + + >
( )( )( ) , 2 2, 12 1,
(g)
4 2
x 5x 4 0 + <

4 2
x 4x x 4 0 + <
( ) ( )
2 2 2
x x 4 1 x 4 0 <

( )( )
2 2
x 4 x 1 0 < ( )( ) ( ) ( ) x 2 x 2 x 1 x 1 0 + + <


( )( ) 2, 1 1,2

+
+
2 1 1
+
+
+
2 12 1
+
+ +
2
1 1
+

2
(h)
4 2
x 2x 63 3 s
4 2
x 9x 7x 63 0 + s

( ) ( )
2 2 2
x x 9 7 x 9 0 + s

( )( )
2 2
x 7 x 9 0 + s
2
x 9 0 s
3 x 3 s s

5.(a)
4 2
x 2x 63 0 s
4 2 2
x 9x 7x 63 0 + s

( ) ( )
2 2 2
x x 9 7 x 9 0 + s

( )( )
2 2
x 7 x 9 0 + s
2
x 9 0 s
(b)
1
2 0
x 1
s

1 2x 2
0
x 1
+
s

( )( ) 3 2x x 1 0 s ( )( ) x 1 2x 3 0 >
x 3 2,x 1 > s
(c)
2
x 2
12 0
x 1

+ <
+

( )
2
2
2x 4 x 1
0
2 x 1
+ +
<
+


2
x 2x 3 0 + <
2
x 3x x 3 0 + <
( ) ( ) x x 3 1 x 3 0 + + < ( )( ) x 3 x 1 0 + <
3 x 1 < <
(d)
( )
2
x 1
1 0
x 1
+
<

( )
( )
2
2
x 1 x 1
0
x 1
+
<

2
x 1 x 1 2x 0 + + <

2
x 3x 0 + <
2
x 3x 0 > x 3,x 0 > <
(e)
2
2
x 7x 12
12 0
2x 4x 5
+
>
+ +


( )
2 2
2
2x 14x 24 2x 4x 5
0
2x 4x 5 2
+
>
+ +


( )
2
18x 19
0
2x 4x 5
+
>
+ +

2
2x 4x 5 0 + + > x
(f)
2 2
2
x 6x 7 2x 2
0
x 1
+
s
+


2
x 6x 9 0 + s
2
x 6x 9 0 + >
( )
2
x 3 0 > x R e
(g)
2 2
2
1 2x 3x 9x 3x 15
0
3x x 5
+ +
>



( )
2
11x 16
0
x 3x 5
+
>


2
11x 16
0
x 3x 5

>
+


16
x
11
s

(h)
2 2
2
5x 2 4x x 3
0
4x x 3
+
<
+


2
2
x x 5
0
4x x 3
+
<
+

2
x x 5 0 + <

1 21 1 21
x ,
2 2
| |
+
e
|
|
\ .



In chapter Exercise - 3

2. (a) ( ) ( )
2
D 1 4 3 1 12 0 = = + >
(b)
( )
2
D 2 3 4 3 0 = =
(c) put x 1 = a b c 2a a b c 0 + + + =
1is one roots of equation
So, real and distinct roots.
(d) ( ) ( )
2 2
x p q r 0 + + = ( )
2
x p q r = +
( ) p i q r = +
Complex roots

3.(a)
( ) ( )
( )
2
1 3i
x 1
x 1 3i 1 i 3 1 3i 0
2 2 2

+ + + + =
( )
2
1
x x 1 3 0
4
+ + =

2
x x 1 0 + =
(b)
1 1 1 i 1 i 1 i 1 i
1 i 1 i 1 i 1 i 2 2

= = = =
+ + +


2
1 i 1 i 1 i 1 i
x x 0
2 2 2 2
+ + | | | || |
+ + =
| | |
\ . \ .\ .

( )
2
1
x x 1 1 0
4
+ + =

2
1
x x 0
2
+ =
2
2x 2x 1 +
(c)
( ) ( )
2 2
x x 3 5 3 5 3 5 0 + + + =

2
x 6x 4 0 + =
(d)
( )( )
2 2
x 1 x 5 0 + =

4 2
x 4x 5 0 =

4.(a)
2
x x 1 0 + + = D 0 <
Both roots are common

a b c
1 1 1
= = a b c = =
(b)
2
x 7x 1 0 + + = D 49 4 45 = =

7 45
x
2

= a c 1 = =
b 7 = both roots are common

2
2 2 2
x x 1
ab c a bc ac b

= =
=


2 2
2 2
ab c a bc
x
a bc ac b

= =


( )( ) ( )
2
2 2 2
ac b ab c a bc =
(c)
2
x 2x 3 0 =
2
x x 1
2c 3b c 3a b 2a

= =
+ +


2
ax bx c 0 + + =
( ) 2c 3b c 3a
x
c 3a b 2a
+ +
= =
+ +

( ) ( )( )
2
c 3a b 2a 2c 3b 0 + + + + =

5.(a)
2
x 3x 2 0 + = x 1,2 =
( ) f 1 1 p q 0 = + =
( ) f 2 16 4p q 0 = + =

+

15 3p 0 + = p 5 = q p 1 4 = =
(b) ( )
4 2
f x x px q 3x 4 = +

2
x 3x 2 0 + = x 1,2 =
( ) f 1 1 p q 3 4 0 = + = q p 6 0 =
( ) f 2 16 4p q 6 4 0 = + = q 4p 6 0 + =
q p 6 4 6 10 = + = + = 3p 12 0 =
+

p 4 =
(c) ( ) ( )( )
2 2
x 3 x 2 x 3x 2 0 + + + =

( ) ( )
2
2
2
x 2 3x 0 + =
4 2 2
x 4x 4 9x 0 + + =

4 2
x 5x 4 0 + = p 5,q 4 = =





In chapter Exercise 4

1.(a) ( )
2
f x x 2x 3 = + +
D 4 12 0 = <
(b) ( )
2
f x 4x 6x 2 = +
D 36 32 0 = + >

6 68 6 68
x
2 4 8

= =



6 68 6 68
,
8 8
| | | |
+
o = | =
| |
| |
\ . \ .

(c) ( )
2 2
f x ax bx c,b 4ac 0,a 0 = + + < >
(d) ( )
2
f x ax bx a = + + , D 0 =

2
4 4a 0 =

2
a 1 = a 1 =
(i) a 1 = ( ) ( )
2
2
f x x 2x 1 x 1 = + + = +
(ii) a 1 = ( )
2
f x x 2x 1 = +
( )
2
x 1 = +


2.(a)
2
x 5x 14 0 + > D 254 14 0 = <

2
x 5x 14 0 + > x R e
(b) ( )
2
f x x 4x 32
( )( )
2
x 8x 4 32 x 8 x 4 = + = +
( ) f x 0 > x 8,x 4 > <
( )( ) , 4 8,
(c) ( ) ( )
2 2
f x x 2a 1 x a a 0 = + + + >

2 2
x 2ax x a a 0 + + >
( ) ( )
2
x a x a 0 >
( ) ( ) x a x a 1 0 > a 1,x a + s
(d) ( ) ( )
2
f x x a b x ab 0 = + + s
( )( ) x a a b 0 s
b x a s s

3.(a)
2
y ax 10x 25 = + +
D 0 = 100 4a 25 0 =
a 1 =
(b) D 0 < 100 4 a 25 0 < a 1 >
(c) a 0 < & D 0 < a 0 < & 100 100a 0 < a 1 >
o |
1
1
So far no value of a
(d)
4.(a) ( )
2
f x 3a 2x 11 = + + D 4 4 3 11 =
( )
D
f x ,
4a
|
e
|

.
4 132 128 = =
( )
128 32
f x , ,
12 3
| |
e =
| |

. .

(b) ( )
2
f x sin x sinx 2 = + +
( )
2
f y y y 2 = + + ( ) f y is minimum at
1
y 12
2

= =
i.e. ( )
( )
mini
1 8 D
f y
4 4

= =
7
4
=
( )
max
f 1 1 1 2 4 = + + =
( )
7
f x 4
4
s s
y 0 >
(c) ( )
2
f x y y 1 = +

( ) 1 4 D 3
mini
4a 4 4

= = =

5.(a)
2
x 2
y
2x 3x 6
+
=
+ +


2
2yx 3yx 6y x 2 + + = +
( )
2
2yx x 3y 1 6y 2 0 + + =
D 0 > ( ) ( )
2
3y 1 8y 6y 2 0 >

2 2
9y 6y 1 48y 16y 0 + + >

2
39y 10y 1 0 + + >

2
39y 10y 1 0 s

2
39y 13y 3y 1 0 + s
( ) ( ) 13 3y 1 1 3y 1 0 + s

1
y 13
13

s s
1
,13
13
(
(


(b)
x 2
y
x 2
+
=

yx y2 x 2 = +
( ) x y 1 2y 2 = +

( ) 2 y 1
x
y 1
+
=

y 1 =
( ) { } , 1 e
(c)
2
x 4x 1 yxh2 4yx y + = + +
( ) ( )
2
x y 1 x 4y 4 y 1 0 + + + =
D 0 > ( ) ( )
2 2
16 y 1 4 y 1 0 + >
( ) ( )
2 2
2y 2 y 1 0 + >
( )( ) 2y 2 y 1 2y 2 y 1 0 + + + + >
( )( ) 3y 1 y 3 0 + + > y 13,y 3 > s
( | | ) , 3 13,
(d)
2
x 2x 2 xy y + =
( )
2
x x y 2 2 y 0 + + + =
D 0 > ( ) ( )
2
y 2 4 2 y 0 + + >
( )( ) y 2 y 2 4 0 + + >
( ) ( ) y 2 y 2 0 + > y 2,y 2 > s
( | | ) 2, 2,

In chapter Exercise 5

1.(a) ( ) f x 0 > (1)

b
0
2a

> (2)
D 0 > (3)
D ( ) ( )
2
2
a 5 1.2 a a 2 0 + + + >

2 2
a 10a 25 8a 8a 16 0 + + + + >

2
9a 18a 9 0 + + >
2
a 2a 1 0 + + >
( )
2
a 1 0 + > always true

b
1
2a

>
( )
2
a 5
1
2 a a 2
+
>
+


2
a 5
a 0
2a 2a 4
+
+ >
+

2
2
a 5 2a 2a 4
0
2a 2a 4
+ + +
>
+


( )
2
2
2a 3a 1
0
2 a 2a 2
+ +
>
+

( )( )
( )( )
2a 1 a 1
0
2 a 2 a 1
+ +
>
+

( ) ( )( ) ( ) 2a 1 a 1 a 2 a 1 0 + + + >

+ + +
2 1
12 1

( ) ( )( ) , 2 1, 12 1,
( ) af 1 0 >
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
a a 2 1 a 5 2 a a 2 0
(
+ + + + >



( )( )
2 2
a a 2 a a 2 a 5 2 0 + + + + >
( )( )( )
2
a 2 a 1 a 2a 1 0 + + + >
( )( )( )
2
a 2 a 1 a 1 0 + + >

+

+

2
1 1

( ) ( ) , 2 1,

2. ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
f x a a 1 x a 1 x a = + + + +

3. ( )
2 2
f x x mx m 6m 0 = + + + =
( ) ( ) f 2 f 0 0 <

( )( )
2 2
4 2m m 6m m 6m 0 = + + <

( )( )
2 2
m 4m 4 m 6m 0 + + + <
( ) ( )
2
m 2 m 6 m 0 + + <
( )( ) m 6, 2 2,0 =


1
+

+

6
2 0
2
0
2
0
4. ( ) ( ) f 0 f 3 0 <
( ) ( ) ( )
2a 9 3 a 1 2a 0 + + <
( ) a 9 3a 3 2a a + <
( ) a 6 a 0 < ( ) a a 6 0 >
a 6,a 0 > < ( ) ( ) ,0 6,

5. ( ) f 6 0 > & ( ) f 1 0 > & D 0 >
( ) ( ) f 6 36 12 k 3 9 0 = + >
36 12k 36 9 0 + + > 81 12k >

27
k
4
<
( ) f 1 0 > 1 2k 6 9 0 + + > k 2 >
D 0 > ( )
2
k 3 9 0 > ( )
2
2
k 3 3 0 >
( )( ) k 3 3 k 3 3 0 + > ( ) k k 6 0 >
k 6,k 0 > s
6
|
o
1