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Sunderlal Bahuguna
CHIPKO MOVEMENT
(Tree-hugging movement) Ash
1973 tree
Chamoli, Uttarakhand s
Tactic used – hugging the trees to prevent them
from being felled
Larger issues of ecological and economic
exploitation were raised.
Demands
No forest exploiting contracts should be given to
outsiders
Local communities should have effective control
over natural resources
Gov. should provide low cost materials to small
industries and ensure development without
disturbing ecological balance
Minimum wage for landless forest workers
Highlights of the movement
Women’s active
participation
Forest contractors tried to
woo men by giving ‘em
alcohol
Issue of alcoholism also
raised
END RESULT :
Government issued a ban on felling of trees for
FIFTEEN YEARS until the green cover was fully
restored.
POPULAR MOVEMENTS
SOCIAL POLITICAL
MOVEMENTS MOVEMENTS
• Anti-Caste Movement • Nationalist Movement
• Kisan Sabhas
• Trade Unions etc.
TRADE UNION
MOVEMENT
Had a strong
presence among the
industrial workers Kanpur
Major cities
Kolkata
Major pol. Parties Mumbai
established their
own trade unions
Communist Party + Marxist Leninist
workers (Naxalites)
PEASANTS’ MOVEMENT
-Telangana, Andhra Pradesh,
-West Bengal and Bihar also
5. Inequality
Connection with the Political Parties
Participants
Voluntary Organizations
Present Scenario
…Thanks