PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT

Motivation
Prepared by: Sheena Marie Socito and Jeanette Del Valle

What is Motivation?
Derived from Latin word, movere, meaning to move.

Motivation is a general term applying to the entire class of drives, desires, needs, wishes, and similar forces

MAJOR CONTENT THEORIES

MASLOWs Hierarchy of Needs. ALDERFERs ERG Theory HERZBERGs Motivator- Hygiene

Theory
McClellands Learned Needs Theory

The Hierarchy of Needs Theory

Maslow concluded that when one set of needs is satisfied, this kind of need ceases to be a motivator

Maslows Hierarchy of Needs

PHYSIOLOGICAL NEED: FOOD Shelter Clothes

SECURITY NEED
BELONGING NEED ESTEEM NEED SELF ACTUALIZATION NEED

ALDERFERS ERG THEORY

Classification into 3 groups.
Existence Relatedness Growth

MASLOW TO ALDERFER

Theory X and Theory Y

Theory X and Theory Y : Assumptions about the nature of people Example of Theory X
Average human beings have an inherent dislike of work and will avoid it if they can

Example of Theory Y
The expenditure of physical effort and mental effort in work is as natural as play or rest

Theory X and Theory Y

HERZBERGS HYGEINE THEORY

McClelland's Needs Theory of Motivation

McClellands types of motivating needs are:

NEED FOR POWER NEED FOR ACHIEVEMENT

REINFORCEMENT TOOLS
POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT Administration of a pleasant and rewarding consequence following a desired behavior. AVOIDANCE LEARNING or NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT The removal of unpleasant consequence following a desired behavior. Sometimes called Negative reinforcement. PUNISHMENT The imposition of unpleasant outcomes on an employee. EXTICTION The withdrawal of a positive reward.