Difference between Simple Majority and Special Majority

Simple = Majority of more than 50 % of members PRESENT during voting on a motion. Example = FDI Bill 545 LS members = 20 absent + 25 Abstain From Voting (sp & bsp = Walkouts) Members left -> 545- 20-25= 500 so now acc. to simple majority , if a bill gets vote of 50% of members present & voting (500 * 50% = 250 members) ,so if FDI bill gets 251 votes, it is passed. ======================================================================== Special Majority Article 249 = power of parl to legislate on State list , Article 312 = Creation of AIS, Article 368 = Amendment of Consti the Resolution has to get the digits correct which is not less than 2/3rd members present (66%) and voting and not 50% like in Simple. For Art 368 , we check for both a) majority of Total Strength of the house { LS = 273; RS =123 (50% of each)} b) 2/3rd members present and voting so for Amendment of constitution , if in Lok Sabha 390 members are present Condition a) 273 b) 390 *2/3 = 260 Bill will not be passed as the 273 figure is not reached. if in LS 420 members are present cond b) 420 *2/3 = 280 Bill will be passed if it gets 280 votes. So the 1st Requirement to amend the Constitution is = 410 members Present & Voting in Lok Sabha. Similarly if in Rajya Sabha 210 members Present a) 123 b) 210 * 2/3 = 140. Bill passed if it gets 140 votes