Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
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2.
Bills in Parliament
3.
Biotechnology-1
4.
Constitutional news
5.
Environmental news
6.
Health News
7.
8.
9.
International News
10.
11.
12.
13.
Fee
Current Affairs Notes for PT 2013 for Weekly E-Magazine Subscriber (Printed) ........... 2000.00
Current Affairs Notes for PT 2013 (Printed) ............................................................................. 2500.00
[ 2 ]
TOPICAL TESTS
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SECTIONAL TESTS
(PAPER I & II)
1.
2.
3.
4.
Mock
Mock
Mock
Mock
1
2
3
4
Paper
Paper
Paper
Paper
1,
1,
1,
1,
Mock
Mock
Mock
Mock
1
2
3
4
Paper
Paper
Paper
Paper
2
2
2
2
40
Qs of IAS 2012 prelims paper were close and directly from Chronicles 2012 test series. When it comes to matching the
format of question in the exam it was 100% identical. Have you ever heard of such claim in IAS exam, indeed
we do it habitually! After all it is a matter of experiences. Testimonial is available at chronicleias.com as well in the public
domain, since it was conducted in 22 cities of India. We dont claim your success, but our performance. Lets begin...
Programme Assistance:
Email id:talkback@campus100.in
Technical Assistance : Sushil Singh
Email id: sushil@campus100.in
Call: 9582948810, 9953007628
Mail: talkback@campus100.in
lelkef;dh 20TH ebZ & 27TH ebZ] 2013
Fee Structure :
All India Complete Test Online ........................................6000/All India Complete Test Postal.........................................4000/All India Mock Test Online ..............................................3000/[3]
jk"Vh;
21 ebZ dks vkradokn fojks/kh fnol euk;k tk,xk
vkradokn fojks/kh fnol dy euk;k tk,xkA fro"kZ 21 ebZ dks
ns'kHkj esa ;g fnol euk;k tkrk gSA bl fnu frKk xzg.k lekjksg
vkSj vU; f;k&dyki vk;ksftr fd, tkrs gSAa
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lfefr us viuh fjiksVZ esa dbZ flQkfj'ksa vkSj lq>ko fn, gS]a
tSls fn'kkfunsZ'kksa dks Li"V djuk rkfd ^^'kq) laifk**] ^^fu;a=.k**
bR;kfn dh ifjHkk"kk esa vkSj Li"Vrk vk ldsA mlus bZihlh Bsdns kjksa
ds p;u vkSj daifu;ksa ds HkkSfrd lR;kiu lac/a kh fn'kkfunsZ'kksa dks
vkSj fof'k"V cukus dk lq>ko fn;k gSA lkFk gh fn'kkfuns'Z kksa ds fdlh
'krZ dk mYya?ku djus ij vkSj dM+s fof'k"V naM dk ko/kku djus
dh flQkfj'k dh gSA bu lq>koksa flQkfj'kksa dks tokgjyky usg:
jk"Vh; lkSj fe'ku ds rgr Hkfo"; esa vkoafVr dh tkus okyh
ifj;kstukvksa ds fn'kkfunsZ'kksa esa ;Fkk;ksX; 'kkfey fd, tkus ds fy,
Lohdkj dj fy;k x;k gSA lfefr dh fjiksVZ vkSj mlds lq>koksa
ij vHkh ljdkj v/;;u dj jgh gSA
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[5]
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[7]
varjkZ"Vh;
lkdZ eksVj okgu le>kSrk dks vafre :i nsus ds fy,
fo'ks"kK ny dk nwljk lEesyu
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le>kSrk Kkiu ds rgr fuEu {ks=ksa esa lg;ksx fd;k tk,xk &1Hkkjr rFkk ;wds esa LokLF; uhfr;ksa ds vknku&nku dks c<+kok nsukA
2- LokLF; ds fy, ekuo lalk/kuA 3- fu;eu lac/a kh ekeysA 4LokLF; rduhd dk fodklA 5- vkjafHkd LokLF; lsokA 6- lkoZtfud
vk/kkjHkwr <kaps rFkk l{kerk dk fuekZ.kA 7- laked jksx] mHkjrs
vU; lae.k rFkk jksdFkke ds fy, vkS"kf/k;ksa lfgr LokLF; lqj{kkA
bl nks fnolh; lEesyu esa Hkkx ysus okys lnL; ns'k nf{k.k
,f'k;k ds yksxksa ds chp lkewfgd vkRefujHkZrk dks lqfuf'pr djus
ds ek/;e ls nf{k.k ,f'k;k ds yksxksa ds fgr ,oa dY;k.k dks
ksRlkfgr djus] thou Lrj dks mBkus rFkk {ks= ds vkfFkZd]
lkekftd ,oa lkaLfrd fodkl ds fy, ckrphr djsx
a Aas
ii.
iii. lkoZHkkSfed
LokLF; miyC/krk
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.fpfdRldh;
mRikn
viii.bysDVfud
esfMdy fjdMZ~l
ix.
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vkfFkZd
Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dh csgrjh ds fy, fon gfYMax
VSDl dks rdZ laxr cuk;k x;k
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vkt ubZ fnYyh esa lw{e] y?kq vkSj e/;e m|eksa ds fy, vkfFkZd
lgk;rk&volj vkSj pqukSfr;ka fo"k; ij vk;ksftr lEesy
s u dk
mn~?kkVu djrs gq, Jh eqfu;Iik us dgk fd lw{e] y?kq vkSj e/
;e m|e {ks= ns'k ds lekos'kh fodkl vkSj lrr mUufr ds fy,
jh<+ dh gh gSA 2008&09 esa 'kq: gq, /kkuea=h jkstxkj xkjaVh
dk;Ze ds varxZr 31 ekpZ 2013 rd nks yk[k nl gtkj u,
m|fe;ksa dh lgk;rk dh xbZ gS] ftlls ns'kHkj esa 19 yk[k 55
gtkj jkstxkj ds volj iSnk gq, gSAa ekftZu jkf'k ;kuh lfClMh
ds :i esa bl ij 3973-05 #i;s dh jkf'k [kpZ dh xbZ gSA
3- _.k xkjaVh dks"k LFkkfir djus ds fy, ekStnw k ctV esa flMch
ds fy, 500 djksM+ #i;s dh fuf/k dh O;oLFkk dh xbZ gSA
4- daiuh dk;Z ea=ky; }kjk vf/klwpuk tkjh dh tk,xh] ftlds
vuqlkj mu 'kSf{kd laLFkkvksa ds vanj ks|ksfxdh fodflr djus
dh O;oLFkk bU;wlkj csVj ds fy, nh tkus okyh jkf'k;ksa dks
daiuh ds lkekftd nkf;Roh ij gksus okyk [kpZ ekuk tk,xk]
tks foKku vkSj kS|ksfxdh ea=ky; ;k lw{e] y?kq vkSj e/;e
m|e ea=ky; }kjk Lohr gksxhA
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lsch us iwt
a h cktkj dk lQyrkiwoZd vk/kqfufddj.k fd;k gS
vkSj gekjh vFkZO;oLFkk ds bl egRoiw.kZ {ks= dks nwfu;k dh vge
ifjikVh ls tksMk+ gSA ;g xoZ dh ckr gS fd Hkkjrh; 'ks;j cktkj
rduhd vkSj nSfud O;kikj ds lanHkZ esa vkt dh rkjh[k esa nwfu;k
ds vPNs cktkjksa esa 'kkfey gSA ;g dkQh gn rd lsch dh lkgfld
dksf'k'kksa dk urhtk gSA 'ks;j cktkjksa esa fuos'kdksa ds fgrksa dh j{kk
lsch dk ewy /keZ jgk gSA bl ckr ls gesa larks"k feyrk gS fd
fiNys 25 o"kksZa esa Hkkjrh; 'ks;j cktkj esa dbZ egRoiw.kZ lq/kkj gq,
gSAa
'ks;j i=ksa ds 'kh?kz udnhdj.k ls 'ks;j ek.k i=ksa ds pksjh
gks tkus ;k mlesa ?kiys dh leL;kk [kRe gks xbZ gSA Hkkjr nqfu;k
ds mu Fke ns'kksa esa 'kkfey gS tgka fo'kky fLu vk/kkfjr Vfs Max
gksrh gS ftlds v|ru vkdaMs+ ns'kHkj esa fuos'kdksa dks yxkrkj
feyrs jgrs gSAa dE;wV~fjr Vfs Max dh otg ls 'ks;jksa ds Hkko c<+kus
vkSj blesa Ny&diV dh vk'kadk de gks xbZ gSA
[13]
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16 weeks 7days
GS MAINS
A Solution to 1250 Marks
Starting From
J
u
n
e
10
th
2013
Weekend Batch Starting from 9th June (Saturday and Sunday) 2pm to 7pm at Noida Center
OLD RAJINDER NAGAR CAMPUS:
NOIDA CAMPUS:
D-108, Sector-2,
IAS ACADEMY
CHRONICLE
U;weksdksfu;ksfll
(iii)
eSx
a uht Iobtfuax
(iv)
,lcsLVksfll
(v)
blds vfrfj [kuu ls gksus okyh rhu vkSj chekfj;ksa dks gky
gh esa vf/klwfpr fd;k x;k gSA ,l vks 399 bZ] fnukad 21 Qjojh
2011
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(ii)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
flyhdksfll
bls cukrs gq, mUgsa uSuksdfs eLVh esa vius baVjsLV dk Qk;nk
feykA mUgsa ubZ laHkkoukvksa dk irk yxk ftudk bLrseky vyx&vyx
ekspksZa ij fd;k tk ldrk gSA vHkh rd ;g pkftaZx fMokbl flQZ
,ybZMh ykbV ij gh VsLV dh xbZ gS ij ckdh midj.kksa tSls fd
eksckby Qksu ij Hkh ;g vPNk dke dj ldrh gSA [kjs dh
fMokbl dkQh yphyh gS vkSj yisVh Hkh tk ldrh gSA
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dukMk] uosZ vkSj Lisu ds LVs'kuksa ij Hkh Lrj T;knk FkkA ,sls
LVs'ku nqfu;k esa 50 ls T;knk ns'kksa esa gSAa ;s vkYIl] ,aMht vkSj
fgeky;h {ks=ksa esa Hkh gSAa M- 'krsU dgrs gSa fd Co2 dk Lrj
ok;qeM
a y esa 300 ls 400 ihih,e ds chp gksuk pkfg,A vxj ;g
400 dh r; varjjk"Vh; lhek dks ikj djrk gS rks Xykscy ofeaZx
dk vkSj c<+uk r; gSA bldk vlj Qly mRiknu ds lkFk gh
i'kqvksa ds nw/k nsus dh {kerk vkSj vU; dbZ xfrfof/k;ksa ij iM+
ldrk gSA
nqfu;k Hkj esa nLra vkSj isfp'k ls f'k'kqvksa vkSj NksVs cPpksa dh
gksus okyh ekSr dk eq[; dkj.k jksVkok;jl gSA ikap lky ls NksVh
mez ds cPps vkSj [kkl rkSj ij Ng eghus ls nks lky rd dh
mez ds cPps]a bl chekjh dk T;knkrj f'kdkj gksrs gSAa vuqeku ds
vuqlkj jksVkok;jl ls gj lky yxHkx 5]27]000 ekSras gksrh gSAa
buesa ls 85 fr'kr ls vf/kd ekSras ,f'k;k vkSj vhdk ds de
vkenuh okys ns'kksa esa gksrh gSAa 20 yk[k ls T;knk cPps gj lky
'kjhj esa ikuh dh deh ds dkj.k vLirky esa HkrhZ fd, tkrs gSAa
[16]
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[17]
lEikndh;
xjhch ls ugha] vlekurk ls mitrk gS uDlyokn
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LVse dksf'kdk,a mRiUu djus esa lQyrk fey xbZ Fkh] ysfdu
euq";ksa esa bldks nksgjkus ds ;kl foQy gks jgs Fks D;ksfa d ekuo
vaMk.kq dksf'kdk,a csgn uktqd gksrh gSAa
uoHkkjr VkbEl
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oSKkfudksa us Ropk dh LVse dksf'kdkvksa dks kjafHkd Hkw.z kksa esa cny
dj ekuo Dyksfuax esa ,d cgqr cM+h lQyrk kIr dh gSA LVse
dksf'kdk,a os dksf'kdk,a gksrh gS]a tks foHkkftr gksus ds ckn 'kjhj
dh fdlh Hkh fof'k"V dksf'kdk ds :i esa fodflr gks ldrh gSAa
ubZ rduhd ls mRiUu Hkwz.kksa dk bLrseky R;kjksi.k vijs'kuksa ds
fy, fof'k"V ekuo fV'kw mRiUu djus esa fd;k x;k gSA Dyksfuax
rduhd esa ;g lQyrk Myh uked HksM+ ds tUe ds 17 ds ckn
gkfly gqbZ gS vkSj blls n; jksx vkSj ikfdaZlu tSls chekfj;ksa
ds csgrj bykt dh mEehnsa tx xbZ gSAa ysfdu bl lQyrk ls
dqN u, fookn [kM+s gks ldrs gSAa dqN yksx esfMdy ms';ksa ds
fy, ekuo Hkwz.k mRiUu djus ij uSfrd loky mBk,axAs lcls cM+k
[krjk ;g gS fd f'k'kq Dyksu pkgus okys naifr;ksa ds fy, blh
rduhd ls ij[kuyh H:.k mRiUu fd, tk ldrs gSAa cgjgky]
ubZ rduhd fodflr djus okys oSKkfudksa dk nkok gS fd mudh
fjlpZ dk eq[; ms'; ejht dh viuh LVse dksf'kdkvksa ls ,sls
fof'k"V fV'kw mRiUu djus dk gS] ftUgsa R;kjksi.k ds fy, bLrseky
fd;k tk ldsA mudk ;g Hkh dguk gS fd bl rduhd dk tuu
ls dksbZ ysuk&nsuk ugha gSA ysfdu nwljs oSKkfudksa dk ekuuk gS
fd bl miyfC/k ls ge f'k'kq Dyksu dh fn'kk esa ,d dne vkSj
vkxs c<+ x, gSAa
ejht dh LVse dksf'kdkvksa ls leqfpr ek=k esa Hkwz.kh; LVse
dksf'kdk,a mRiUu djuk fpfdRlk foKku ds fy, ,d cM+h pqukSrh
FkhA vesfjdk esa iksVZySM
a fLFkr vksjx
s u gsYFk ,aM lkbal ;wfuoflZVh
ds eq[k fjlpZj 'kksgjr ferkfyikso us crk;k fd mUgksua s cgqr de
ek=k esa ekuo vaMk.kqvksa ls Hkwz.kh; LVse dksf'kdk,a mRiUu djus ds
fy, lsy ds dYpj esa dSQhu feykbZ FkhA igys ;g lkspk x;k
Fkk fd ,slk djus ds fy, gtkjksa ekuo vaMk.kqvksa dh t:jr iM+x
s hA
ysfdu ferkfyikso dh Vhe us flQZ nks ekuo vaMk.kqvksa ls ,d H:.k
LVse dksf'kdk mRiUu djus esa lQyrk kIr dhA M- ferkfyikso
dk dguk gS fd ;g rjhdk esfMdy bLrseky ds fy, T;knk
dkjxj vkSj O;kogkfjd gSA bl fof/k ls mu ejhtksa ds fy, LVse
dksf'kdk,a mRiUu dh tk ldrh gS]a ftuds vax csdkj ;k v'k
gks pqds gSAa blls mu jksxksa ls NqVdkjk ikus enn feysxh] tks
nqfu;k esa yk[kksa yksxksa dks Hkkfor djrs gSAa
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uokt 'kjhQ dks viuh dk;Z ;kstuk cukuh gksxhA mUgsa fiNyh
ljdkj ds vf/kdka'k fu.kZ;ksa dks fujLr djuk gksxkA lcls igys
mUgsa yksxksa ds fy, vckf/kr fctyh vkiwfrZ lesr nwljs pqukoh oknksa
dks iwjk djuk gksxkA ikfdLrku esa csjkstxkjh dh leL;k ds dkj.k
/kfeZd vkSj vfroknh laxBu vklkuh ls cgqr lkjs fnXHkzfer
ukStokuksa dks vius fxjr esa ysrs jgs gSAa tks turk mudh ikVhZ
dks lkk esa ykbZ gS] uokt 'kjhQ dks ml turk dh vis{kkvksa dks
iwjk djuk gksxkA Hkz"Vkpkj turk dh eq[; fpark cuh gqbZ gSA ,sls
esa uokt 'kjhQ dks jktuhfrd nyksa vkSj ukSdj'kkgh esa O;kIr
Hkz"Vkpkj ls fuiVuk gksxkA mUgsa ukxfjd 'kklu vkSj lsuk ds chp
larqyu cukus dk ,d vkSj nq"dj dke djuk gksxkA ;g larqyu
turk dh iqjkuh ekax gSA 'kjhQ dks lkjh laLFkkvksa dks etcwr dj
muesa turk dk fo'okl txkuk gksxkA lsuk dks ckgj j[kus dk
;g ,dek= jkLrk gSA lsuk viuk n[ky O;kikj vkSj okf.kT; rd
c<+k pqdh gSA ikfdLrku dk 70 fr'kr O;kikj vkSj fj;y bLVsV
iwoZ lSU;dfeZ;ksa ds HkqRo ds v/khu gSA ljdkjh Bsdk igys lsuk
dks feyrk gSA dksbZ Hkh yksdrkaf=d ljdkj bu lc dh vuns[kh
ugha dj ldrhA lsuk dk dke ns'k dh j{kk djuk gS] 'kklu djuk
ughaA
pquko us ikfdLrku dh ifjiDork dks tkfgj fd;k gSA ns'k dh
vktknh ds ckn dk ;g igyk pquko gS] ftls fuokZfpr ljdkj
us djk;k gSA vc rd lsuk dsa fcanq esa jgrh vkbZ gSA [kafMr
jktuhfrd fLFkfr lsuk dks Hkkrh gSA lsuk vfLFkj ikfdLrku dks
gkykr lkekU; djkus dk Hkjkslk nsrh jgh gSA tjnkjh flracj rd
jk"Vifr cus jgsx
a As bl rjg tYn gh ikfdLrku eqfLye yhx ds
usrkvksa dks oSls ekU; jk"Vifr dh ryk'k djuh gksxh] tks uokt
'kjhQ ds fnu&c&fnu ds dkeksa esa n[kyankth u djsA blh rjg
'kjhQ dks U;k;ikfydk ij Hkh /;ku j[kuk gksxk] tks b/kj dkQh
frfz;k'khy gks xbZ gSA ikfdLrku ds eq[; U;k;k/kh'k bfr[kkj
pkS/kjh dks fnlacj esa fjVk;j gksuk gSA 'kjhQ dks /;ku nsuk gksxk
fd yacs le; rd eq[; U;k;k/kh'k jgs O;f dh txg fdls yk;k
tk,A yksdrkaf=d O;oLFkk esa laLFkk,a vge gksrh gSAa eq'kjZQ us
lelkef;dh 20TH ebZ & 27TH ebZ] 2013
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gks tkrk gSA phu vkSj Hkkjr dk ekeyk ,slk gh gSA ysfdu ;g
rF; fd os vkil esa iM+kl
s h gSa bl t:jr dks Hkh js[kkafdr djrk
gS fd mUgsa lg;ksx ds jkLrs ryk'kus gh gksx
a s vkSj 'kkafr dk;e
j[kuh gksxhA yk[k esa tks dqN gqvk og Hkkjr ds lkFk fuiVus
dh phu dh ,d j.kuhfr Fkh vkSj ubZ fnYyh ds lkFk vkfFkZd
lg;ksx dh bPNk O; djuk chftax dh vyx uhfr gSA nksuksa dks
vyx&vyx :i esa ns[kus dh t:jr gSA lp rks ;g gS fd
Hkkjrh; /kkuea=h eueksgu flag us [kqn ;g dgk gS fd tgka rd
phu vkSj Hkkjr ds lac/a kksa dk 'u gS rks nksuksa ns'kksa ds chp lg;ksx
vkSj frLi/kkZ] nksuksa laHko gSA ;g ,d ubZ lPpkbZ gS tks Hkkjr
ljdkj vkSj ;gka ds yksxksa dks Lohdkj djuh gksxhA tc rd nksuksa
ns'kksa ds chp lhek fookn yafcr gS rc rd Hkkjr dks ?kqliSB dh
?kVukvksa ds fy, rS;kj jguk pkfg,A ,slh ?kVukvksa ds pyrs yach
vof/k ds xfrjks/k Hkh iSnk gks ldrs gSAa yk[k esa ;gh ns[kus dks
feykA
;g vPNh ckr gS fd nksuksa ns'k vkfFkZd lac/a kksa esa vkSj vf/kd
fudVrk ykus dk ladYi O; dj jgs gSAa bl ekeys esa ;g Hkh
mYys[kuh; gS fd O;kikj ?kkVs ds flyflys esa phu us Hkkjr dh
fparkvksa dks le>kA O;kikj ?kkVs ij Hkkjr dh fpark,a tk;t gS]a
ysfdu bl fpark dk lek/kku rHkh gks ldrk gS tc Hkkjr vkSj
vf/kd phuh fuos'k ds fy, vkxs vk,A [kkldj cqfu;knh <kaps vkSj
mRiknu ds {ks=ksa esa phuh fuos'k c<+kus dh vPNh&[kklh laHkkouk,a
ekStnw gSAa Hkkjr ds fy, fQygky eq O;kikj le>kSrs ds phu
ds Lrko dks Lohdkj djuk tYnckth gks ldrh gS] ysfdu dqN
vU; vkfFkZd lg;ksx ds {ks=ksa ij rRdky Hkko ls /;ku fn;k tk
ldrk gSA ;g xkSj djus yk;d gS fd phu us fnYyh&eqca bZ
vkS|ksfxd dksfjMksj ij fuxkg Mkyh gS ftls tkiku ds lg;ksx ls
iwjk fd;k tk jgk gSA phu ds /kkuea=h dh Hkkjr ;k=k esa vusd
ldkjkRed ladrs fNis gSAa vc nksuksa ns'kksa dks O;kid jktuhfrd
vkSj vkfFkZd laidjsa ds lkFk&lkFk O;f ds O;f ls laidZ dks
fodflr djus ij viuk /;ku dsfa r djuk pkfg,A Nk=ks]a cqf)thfo;ks]a
oSKkfudks]a i=dkjksa vkSj twfu;j rFkk e/;e Lrj ds ukSdj'kkgksa ds
,d&nwljs ds ns'kksa esa vkus&tkus ij u, fljs ls /;ku nsus dh
vko';drk gSA blls nksuksa ns'kksa dh turk ds chp vfo'okl dh
tks Hkkouk dk;e gS mls nwj djus esa enn feysxhA
nSfud tkxj.k
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ns'kca/kq
[22]
foks"k
tkikuh ehfM;k ds lkFk /kkuea=h dk lk{kkRdkj
vkidh jk; esa D;k djus dh t:jr gS] ftlls vFkZO;oLFkk fQj
ls 8 fr'kr dh o`f) nj ij vk tk,\ vkSj tkikuh fuos'k ds
ckjs esa Hkkjr dh D;k mEehns gS\a vkSj fdl {ks= esa rFkk fdl m|ksx
esa Hkkjr] tkiku ls fuos'k pkgsxk\
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dqN ?kjsyw dkj.k Hkh Fks] D;ksfa d ftu ifj;kstukvksa dks vkxs
c<+uk Fkk] tks gekjh fodkl ;kstuk esa 'kkfey Fkha] os i;kZoj.k laca kh
eatjw h esa :dkoV rFkk dks;yk vkSj vU; lalk/kuksa dh miyC/krk
dh deh ds dkj.k vkxs ugha c<+ ikbZAa ge vc bu lHkh eqksa ls
fuiVus dh dksf'k'k dj jgs gSAa gesa mEehn gS fd pkyw o"kZ esa
gekjh o`f) nj Ng ls lk<+s Ng fr'kr rd jgsxh vkSj vxys
nks&rhu o"kksZa esa gesa fo'okl gS fd Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk esa vkB
fr'kr dh o`f) nj ykSV vk,xhA
vc vki eq>ls iwNx
as s fd eq>s dSls fo'okl gS fd ,slk gksxkA
,d ckr tks eSa dguk pkgwx
a k] og ;g gS fd fiNys dqN o"kksZa esa
Hkkjr esa cprksa dh nj ldy ?kjsyw mRikn ds yxHkx 35 fr'kr
rd jgh gSA gky esa ;g ?kVdj yxHkx 30 fr'kr gks xbZ gS
vkSj gekjh fuos'k nj vHkh Hkh dkQh aph yxHkx 35 fr'kr gSA
iwt
a h vkSj mRiknu ds 4%1 ds vuqikr] 30 fr'kr ls vf/kd dh
cpr nj] 35 fr'kr dh fuos'k nj] dks ns[krs gq, bl ckr dh
iwjh mEehn gS fd o`f) nj vklkuh ls yxHkx vkB fr'kr rd
igqp
a tk,xhA
'u 5& ,f'k;k 'kkar {ks= esa O;kikj ds mnkjhdj.k dks] [kkl rkSj
ij {ks=h; O;kid vkfFkZd lk>snkjh vkjlhbZih vkSj Vkp
a iSflfQd
Hkkxhnkjh Vhihih ds lanHkZ esa vki dSls ns[krs gS\a bl ij Hkkjr
dk D;k :[k gS\
ia
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'u 6& esjk loky ,f'k;k 'kkar {ks= esa lqj{kk ekgkSy ds ckjs
esa gS\ bl {ks= esa 'kkafr vkSj LFkkf;Ro cuk;s j[kus ds fy, Hkkjr
fdl rjg dh Hkwfedk fuHkkuk pkgrk gS vkSj Hkkjr tkiku ls fdl
rjg dh Hkwfedk dh mEehn djrk gS\ vki ikfdLrku dh uo&fuokZfpr
ljdkj ls Hkfo"; esa dSlk fj'rk ns[k jgs gSAa
c<+h gS]a ftlls cqfu;knh ra= etcwr gqvk gSA bl dk;Ze ds dkj.k
xzkeh.k vkSj 'kgjh bykdksa esa yksxksa ds fy, jkstxkj ds volj Hkh
c<+s gSAa
ewy lqfo/kkvksa dk fodkl
12oha ;kstuk vof/k esa ewy lqfo/kkvksa ds fodkl ij :i;s 45
yk[k djksM+ [kpZ djus dk ko/kku fd;k x;k gSA blesa ls yxHkx
vk/kh jkf'k kbosV lsDVjj ls vk,xhA
dkS'ky fodkl
dkS'ky vkSj Kku vkfFkZd vkSj lkekftd fodkl dh pkyd
'kf;ka gksrh gSAa ftu ns'kksa esa dkS'ky dk Lrj csgrj gksrk gS
os nqfu;k Hkj esa pqukSfr;ksa vkSj lqvoljksa ls csgrj <ax ls
lek;kstu djrs gSAa
ia
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voyksdu%
ia
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