Drug Name Generic Name: Nifedipine Brand name: Adalat, Procardia, Afeditab, Nifediac

Classification Cardiovascu lar agent; Calcium channel blocker Antiarrhyth mic(Class iv) Nonnitrate vasodilator

Mechanism of Action Calcium channel blocking agent that selectively blocks ion influx across cell membranes of cardiac muscles and vascular smooth muscle without changing serum calcium concentrations. Class IV antiarrhythmic

Indications Indications: For the management of vasospastic angina, chronic stable angina and hypertension. Contraindications: Known hypersensitivity reaction to nifedipine.

Side effects Constipation difficulty breathing or swallowing dizziness or lightheadedness enlargement of gum tissue around teeth fast heartbeat flushing (feeling of warmth) Headache

Nursing responsibilities Assessment & Drug Effects Monitor BP carefully during titration period. Patient may become severely hypotensive, especially if also taking other drugs known to lower BP. Monitor blood sugar in diabetic patients. Nifedipine has diabetogenic properties. Monitor for gingival hyperplasia and report promptly. This is a rare but serious adverse effect (similar to phenytoininduced

Dosage, route and frequency: Capsules:10 or 20 mg Tablets: 30, 60, and 90 mg Oral q8

hyperplasia). Patient & Family Education Be aware that withdrawal symptoms may occur with abrupt discontinuation of the drug (chest pain, increase in anginal episodes, MI, dysrhythmias). Inspect gums visually every day. Changes in gingivae may be gradual, and bleeding may be exhibited only with probing. Do not breast feed while taking this drug without consulting physician.