801 Integrales Resueltas

ABREVIATURAS DE USO FRECUENTE
e:
og : sen : arcs e n : cos : arc cos : arc co s :
Base de logaritmos neperianos. Logaritmo natural o neperiano. Logaritmo vulgar o de briggs. Seno. Arco seno. Coseno. Arco coseno. Arco coseno. Tangente. Arco tangente. Cotangente. Arco cotangente. Secante. Arco secante. Cosecante. Arco cosecante. Exponencial. Diferencial de x. Valor absoluto de x.
g :
arc tg : co g arc co tg sec : arc sec : cos ec : arc sec : exp : dx : x:
IDENTIFICACIONES USUALES
.M
s e n n x = (s e n x) n
n x = ( x) n
ogx = og x
IDENTIDADES ALGEBRAICAS 1. Sean a, b: bases; m, n nmeros naturales. n m+ n a a =a (a m ) n = a mn

m
at
am = a mn , a 0 an
em
s e n 1 x = arcs e n x og n x = ( ogx) n
(ab) n = a nb n
at
ic
m.c.m:
Mnimo comn mltiplo.
a1
.c
om
an a = n ,b 0 b b
= n am =
( a)
n
an =
1 an
a 0 = 1, a 0
2. Sean a, b ,c: bases; m, n nmeros naturales 2 3 ( a b ) = a 2 + 2ab + b2 ( a b ) = a3 3a 2b + 3ab2 + b3
(a b)
= a 4 4a 3b + 6a 2b 2 4ab3 + b 4
a 2 b 2 = (a + b)(a b) a 3 b3 = (a b)(a 2 ab b 2 )
a 2 n b 2 n = (a n + b n )(a n b n ) (a + b + c) 2 = a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + 2(ab + ac + bc)
3. Sean b, n, x, y, z: nmeros naturales x ogb = ogb x ogb y og ( xyz ) = ogb x + ogb y + ogb z y n 1 ogb x = n ogb x ogb n x = ogb x n ogb 1 = 0 og bb = 1
e = 1 ex = x exp( x) = x
exp x = x = x e x = x
g =
s e n cos 2 s e n + cos 2 = 1
w .M
at
sen =
1 cos ec
em
1 cos 2
at
cos = 1 s ec 1 co g 2 1 + g = sec 2
1.
g =
1+ co g 2 = cos ec 2
cos cos ec = co g
cos g = s e n
2. (a) s e n( + ) = s e n cos + cos s e n
sen
s e n 2 = 2s e n cos 1 cos 2 s e n2 = 2
s e n( ) = s e n cos cos s e n
ic
a1 .
IDENTIDADES TRIGONOMETRICAS
co m
(b)
cos( + ) = cos cos s e n s e n

cos 2 =
1 + cos 2 2 2 cos 2 = cos s e n 2 = 1 2s e n 2 = 2 cos 2 1
1 + cos 2 2 cos( ) = cos cos + s e n s e n cos
(c)
g + g 1 g g 1 cos 2 g 2 = 1 + cos 2 g ( + ) =
2 = 1 cos s e n 1 cos = = 1 + cos 1 + cos s e n
2 g 1 g 2 g g g ( ) = 1 + g g
g 2 =
g
(d)
(e) arcs e n(s e n x) = x arc g ( gx) = x arc sec(sec x) = x
1 [s e n( + ) + s e n( )] 2 1 cos cos = [ cos( + ) + cos( ) ] 2 + s e n + s e n = 2s e n cos 2 2 + cos + cos = 2 cos cos 2 2 s e n cos =
1 [s e n( + ) s e n( )] 2 1 s e n s e n = [ cos( + ) cos( ) ] 2 + s e n s e n = 2 cos sen 2 2 + cos cos = 2s e n sen 2 2 cos s e n =
w .M
at
em
at
arc cos(cos x) = x arc co g (co gx) = x arc co sec(co sec x) = x
ic
a1
.c
om
FORMULAS FUNDAMENTALES
Diferenciales du 1.- du = dx u 2.- d (au ) = adu 3.- d (u + v) = du + dv 4.- d (u n ) = nu n 1du
du u 6.- d (eu ) = eu du
Integrales 1.- du = u + c 2.- adu = a du
3.- (du + dv) = du + dv 4.- u n du = 5.-

u n +1 + c (n 1) n +1
5.- d ( u ) =
7.- d (a u ) = a u adu 8.- d (s e n u ) = cos udu 9.- d (cos u ) = s e n udu 10.- d ( gu ) = sec 2 udu 11.- d (co gu ) = cosec2 udu 12.- d (sec u ) = sec u gudu 13.- d (co sec u ) = co sec u co gudu 14.- d (arcs e n u ) = 15.- d (arc cos u ) =
du = u +c u 6.- eu du = eu + c au +c a
7.- a u du =
8.- cos udu = s e n u + c
w w
du 1 u du
2
.M
at
em
12.- sec u gudu = sec u + c
13.- co sec u co gudu = co sec u + c
at
ic
11.- cosec 2 udu = co gu + c
a1
14.- 15.-
.c om
du
10.- sec 2 udu = gu + c
9.- s e n udu = cos u + c
1 u2 du 16.- d (arc gu ) = 1+ u2 du 17.- d (arc co gu ) = 1+ u2 du 18.- d (arc sec u ) = u u2 1 du 19.- d (arc co sec u ) = u u2 1
= arc cos u + c 1 u2 du 16.- = arc gu + c 1+ u2 du 17.- = arc co gu + c 1+ u2 arc sec u + c; u > 0 du 18.- = 2 u u 1 arc sec u + c; u < 0 arc co sec u + c; u > 0 du 19.- = 2 u u 1 arc co sec u + c; u < 0
1 u2 du
= arcs e n u + c
10
OTRAS INTEGRALES INMEDIATAS

sec u + c 1.- gudu = cos u + c sec u + gu + c 3.- sec udu = u gu 2 + 4 + c
5.- s e n hudu = cos u + c 7.- ghudu = cos u + c 2.- co gudu = s e n u + c 4.- co sec udu = co sec u co gu + c 6.- cos udu = s e n hu + c
9.- sec hudu = arc gh(s e n hu ) + c

du
10.- co sec hudu = arc co gh(cos hu ) + c 12.-

du u a
2 2
8.- co ghudu = s e n u + c
u 2 a2 2 17.- u a du = u a u + u2 a2 + c 2 2
2 2
u 2 a2 u a u 2 + arcs e n + c 2 2 a au e (a s e n bu b cos bu ) +c 19.- e au s e n budu = a 2 + b2 e au (a cos bu + b s e n bu ) 20.- e au cos budu = +c a 2 + b2
18.- a 2 u 2 du =
Realmente, algunas de estas integrales no son estrictamente inmediatas; tal como se ver mas adelante y donde se desarrollan varias de ellas.
1 u 15.- = +c u a2 u2 a a + a2 u2
du
u 1 arc cos + c a a 16.- = 2 2 u 1 u u a arc sec + c a a
at e
at
ic
u arcs e n + c a 11.- = 2 2 a u arcs e n u + c a u 1 arc g + c du a a 13.- 2 = u u + a2 1 arc co g + c a a
= u + u2 a2 + c
a1 .
du
w .M
co m
14.-
du 1 ua = +c 2 u a 2a u+a
2
11
CAPITULO 1
INTEGRALES ELEMENTALES
El Propsito de este capitulo, antes de conocer y practicar las tcnicas propiamente tales; es familiarizarse con aquellas integrales para las cuales basta una transformacin algebraica elemental.
EJERCICIOS DESARROLLADOS
1.1 .- Encontrar: e x xdx
2
Solucin.- Se sabe que: e x = x 2

2
Por lo tanto: e x xdx = x 2 xdx = x3 dx =

2
x4 +c 4
x7 +c 7 x7 +c, Respuesta: 3a 7 x 6 dx = 3a 7 7 1.3.- Encontrar: (3 x 2 + 2 x + 1)dx

7 6 7 6 7 3a x dx = 3a x dx = 3a
Solucin.2 2 2 (3x + 2 x + 1)dx = (3x + 2 x + 1)dx = 3x dx + 2 xdx + dx

= 3 x 2 dx + 2 xdx + dx = 3
x3 x2 +2 + x + c = x3 + x 2 + x + c 3 2
Respuesta: (3 x 2 + 2 x + 1)dx = x3 + x 2 + x + c 1.4.- Encontrar: x(x + a )( x + b)dx Solucin. x 2 + (a + b) x + ab dx = x3 + ( a + b ) x 2 + abx dx x(x + a)( x + b)dx = x = x 3dx + (a + b) x 2 dx + abxdx = = x4 x3 x2 + (a + b) + ab + c 4 3 2
x dx + (a + b) x dx + ab xdx
3 2
.M
Frmula utilizada: del ejercicio anterior.
at
em
at
ic
a1
Solucin.-
.c
om
x4 +c, 4 1.2 .- Encontrar: 3a 7 x 6 dx
Respuesta: e x xdx =
2
Frmula utilizada:
n x dx =
x n +1 , n 1 n +1
12
Respuesta: x(x + a)( x + b)dx = 1.5.- Encontrar: (a + bx 3 ) 2 dx
x 4 (a + b) x3 abx 2 + + +c 4 3 2
Solucin.3 2 2 3 2 6 2 3 2 6 (a + bx ) dx = (a + 2abx + b x )dx = a dx + 2abx dx + b x dx x4 x7 + b2 + c 4 7 4 2 7 abx b x + +c Respuesta: (a + bx3 ) 2 dx = a 2 x + 2 7 1.6.- Encontrar: 2 pxdx = a 2 dx + 2ab x3dx + b 2 x 6 dx = a 2 x + 2ab Solucin.-
dx nx n Respuesta: n = +c n 1 x
1.8.- Encontrar: (nx) Solucin.-
1 n n
dx
1 n n
(nx)
= =n
1 n n
dx = n
1
1 n n
1 n n
dx = n
1
1 n n
1+ n
.M
at
em
dx = x x
dx = n
1 n
1 n n
at
dx =
x x nx +c = +c = +c 1 1 + n 1 n +1 n n
x n dx
1 n +1 n
1 n n
xn
1+1
1 1+1 n
+c = n
1 n n
1 n n
xn
1 n
+c = n
1 n n
ic a1
1 +1 n
1+ n n
1+ n n
.c
2 2 px 3 x2 2 2 2 2 pxdx = px dx = p x dx = p + c = +c 2 3 3 2 2 px x Respuesta: 2 pxdx = +c 3 dx 1.7.-Encontrar: n x Solucin.1 2
1 2
om
nx + c = n
x +c = n
1 n
1 n + n n
xn + c = n nx n + c
1 1
Respuesta: (nx) Solucin.-
dx = n nx + c
2 2
1.9.- Encontrar: (a 3 x 3 )3 dx
(a
x 3 )3 dx = a
2
( )
2 3
3 a
( )
2 2
x 3 + 3a
2
dx (x ) (x )
2
13
= (a 2 3a 3 x
4
2
4 3
+ 3a 3 x
2 3
x 2 )dx = a 2 dx 3a 3 x 3 dx + 3a 3 x 3 dx x 2 dx
4 2 2 4
5 7 3 4 3
x3 x 3 x3 2 = a dx 3a x dx + 3a x dx x dx = a x 3a + 3a 3 +c 5 7 3 3 3 5 7 4 2 9a 3 x 3 9a 3 x 3 x 3 2 =a x + +c 5 7 3 5 7 4 2 2 2 9 a 3 x 3 9a 3 x 3 x 3 Respuesta: (a 3 x 3 )3 dx = a 2 x + +c 5 7 3 1.10.- Encontrar: ( x + 1)( x x + 1)dx

2
Solucin.-
x + 1)( x x + 1)dx = ( x x ( x ) 2 +
1 2 3 2
x + x
3 2
x + 1)dx
5 5
em
x2 2x 2 = ( x x + 1)dx = ( xx + 1)dx = ( x + 1)dx = x dx + dx = + x+c = + x+c 5 5 2 5 2 2x Respuesta: ( x + 1)( x x + 1)dx = + x+c 5 ( x 2 + 1)( x 2 2)dx 1.11.- Encontrar: 3 2 x Solucin.( x 2 + 1)( x 2 2)dx ( x 4 x 2 2)dx x4 x2 2 = = dx 2 2 2 dx 2 dx 3 2 x3 x3 x3 x3 x
10
w .M
= x dx x dx 2 x dx =
10 3 4 3
23
x3
+1
at
+1
at
ic
2
a1 .
+1
co m
10 +1 3
x3
4 +1 3
x3
2 +1 3
13
13 3
7 3
x
1
+c
3 13 3 7 1 x 3 x3 x x x4 3 x x2 3 x 3 6x 3 + c = 3 3 63 x + c = 3 3 63 x + c 13 7 13 7 13 7 2 2 4 2 ( x + 1)( x 2)dx 3x 3 x Respuesta: = 6 3 x + c 3 2 7 x 13 m n 2 (x x ) 1.12.- Encontrar: dx x Solucin.( x m x n )2 ( x2m 2 xm xn + x2n ) ( x2m 2 xm xn + x2n ) dx = dx = dx x1/ 2 x x
13
=3
= ( x 2 m 1/ 2 2 x m + n 1/ 2 + x 2 n 1/ 2 )dx =
4 m +1 2 m + 2 n +1 4 n +1
x 2 m 1/ 2+1 2 x m+ n +1/ 2 x 2 n +1/ 2 + +c 2m 1/ 2 + 1 m + n + 1/ 2 2n + 1/ 2

4 m +1 2 m + 2 n +1 4 n +1
x 2 2x 2 x 2 2x 2 4x 2 2x 2 = + +c = + +c 4m + 1 2m + 2n + 1 4n + 1 4m + 1 2m + 2n + 1 4 n + 1 2 2 2
14
2 x2m x 4 x m+n x 2 x2n x + +c 4m + 1 2m + 2 n + 1 4n + 1

2 x2m ( x m x n )2 4 x m+n 2 x2n dx = x + +c x 4m + 1 2m + 2 n + 1 4n + 1
Respuesta:
( a x )4 1.13.- Encontrar: dx ax Solucin.( a x )4 a 2 4a ax + 6 xa 4 x ax + x 2 dx = dx ax ax = 4a ax 4 x ax a2 6ax x2 dx + dx + 1 dx 1 dx 1 dx (ax) 2 (ax) 2 (ax) 2 ax ax

1 1 1 1 1 1
= a 2 a 2 x 2 dx 4adx + 6aa 2 xx 2 dx 4 xdx + a 2 x 2 x 2 dx

=a =a =a
3 2
x 2 dx 4a dx + 6a
1
x dx 4 xdx + a
2
dx
1 +1 2 1 +1 2
4ax + 6a
x
3 3 2
2 +1
1 +1 2
4 x2
2
x1+1
1+1
+ a x
5 5 2 5
3 +1 2 3 +1 2
+c
( a x )4 3 3 2 x3 1 1 dx = 2a 2 x 2 4ax + 4a 2 x 2 2 x 2 + +c ax 5 xa dx 1.14.- Encontrar: 2 x 10 Solucin.dx dx 1 xa = 2 = +c Sea: a = 10 , Luego: 2 2 x 10 x a 2a x+a
Respuesta:
x 10 x 10 1 10 +c = +c 20 2 10 x + 10 x + 10 dx x 10 10 = +c x 10 20 x + 10
2
Respuesta:
1.15.- Encontrar:
dx x +7
2
Solucin.- Sea: a= 7 , Luego:
1 dx dx x = 2 = arc g + c 2 x +7 x +a a a
2
= 2a x 4ax + 4a x 2 x + 2a
3 2 1 2 1 2 3 2
.M
12
x 2 +c 5
at
em
at
1 2
ic
a1
4ax + 6a
+a
12
+c
.c
om
15
1 x 7 7x +c = +c arc g arc g a 7 7 7 7 7x dx = +c arc g x +7 a 7 dx 1.16.- Encontrar: 4 + x2 Solucin.dx dx Sea: a = 2 , Luego: = = x + a2 + x2 + c 2 2 2 4+ x a +x

Respuesta:
2
= x + 4 + x2 + c
Respuesta:
dx 4+ x
2
= x + 4 + x2 + c dx 8 x2 dx
2
1.17.- Encontrar: Solucin.-
Sea: a = 8 , Luego:
Solucin.La expresin:
1 acta como constante, luego: x +9 dy 1 1 y x2 + 9 = x 2 + 9 dy = x2 + 9 y + c = x 2 + 9 + c dy y Respuesta: 2 = 2 +c x +9 x +9

2
1.19.- Encontrar: Solucin.-
2 + x2 2 x2 4 x4
1.18.- Encontrar:
dy x +9
2
2 + x2 2 x2 4 x4
2 + x2
2 2
dx =
dx
2 + x2 2 x2 dx 4 x 4 dx 4 x4
2 x2 (2 x ) (2 + x )
2 2
.M
dx
at
Respuesta:
8 x
em
dx
= arcs e n
2x +c 4
at
dx 2 x
2
ic a1
8 x x x = arcs e n + c = arcs e n +c 8 2 2
dx a x
2 2
= arcs e n
x +c a
.c
om
(2 x ) (2 + x )
dx =
dx 2 + x2
16
Sea: a = 2 , Luego:
= arcs e n
dx a x
2 2
dx a +x
2 2
= arcs e n
x x + a2 + x2 + c a
x x x + ( 2) 2 + x 2 + c = arcs e n x + 2 + x2 + c 2 2 2 + x2 2 x2
4
4 x 1.20.- Encontrar: g 2 xdx
Respuesta:
dx = arcs e n
x x + 2 + x2 + c 2
Respuesta: g 2 xdx = gx x + c 1.21.- Encontrar: co g 2 xdx
Solucin.2 2 2 g xdx = (sec x 1)dx = sec xdx dx = gx x + c
Respuesta: co g 2 xdx = co gx x + c 1.22.- Encontrar:
Solucin.2 2 2 co g xdx = (cos ec x 1)dx = cos ec xdx dx = co gx x + c
dx 2x2 + 4
2 2x dx = +c arc g 2 2x + 4 4 2 dx 1.23.- Encontrar: 2 7x 8 Solucin.1 dx dx dx dx 7 x 2 8 = 2 8 = 7 ( x 2 ( 8 )2 = 7 x 2 ( 8 )2 7 7 7( x ) 7 x 8 x 8 1 1 1 7 7x 8 7 7 = +c = +c = +c 8 8 8 7 2( 7 ) 8 14 8 7x + 8 x+ 7 x+ 7 14 7
1 4 14
7x 2 2 14 +c = 56 7x + 2 2
Respuesta:
dx 14 = 2 7 x 8 56
x 2 dx x2 + 3
7x 2 2 +c 7x + 2 2
1.24.- Encontrar:
Respuesta:
.M
7x 2 2 +c 7x + 2 2
at
em
Solucin.dx 1 dx 1 1 x 2 2x dx 2 x2 + 4 = 2( x 2 + 2) = 2 x 2 + 2 = 2 2 arc g 2 + c = 4 arc g 2 + c
at
ic
a1
.c
om
17
Solucin.x 2 dx 3 dx dx x 2 + 3 = (1 x 2 + 3)dx = dx 3 x 2 + 3 = dx 3 x 2 + ( 3)2 = x3
1 x 3x arc g + c = = x 3 arc g +c 3 3 3
Respuesta:
x 2 dx 3x = x 3 arc g +c 2 x +3 3 dx 1.25.- Encontrar: 7 + 8x2 Solucin.dx dx 1 2 7 + 8 x2 = ( 8 x)2 + ( 7)2 = 8 8x + 7 + 8x + c dx 7 + 8x

2
Respuesta:
= dx
2 4
8x + 7 + 8x2 + c
1.26.- Encontrar: Solucin.dx
7 5x2 =
7 5x (a x b x ) 2 dx 1.27.- Encontrar: a xb x Solucin.2
(a x b x ) 2 dx ( a 2 x 2a x b x + b 2 x ) a2x 2 a xb x b 2x dx = x x dx x x dx + x x dx a xb x = a xb x ab ab a b
( a / b) 2x + (b / a ) + c ax bx a b = x dx 2dx + x dx = dx 2 dx + dx = a b b a b a b a
x x x x
(a / b)
a b
2x +
(b / a )
.M
b a
+c =
(a / b)
at
Respuesta:
em
dx
5 35 x arcs e n +c 5 7
at
ic a1
7 5x2
( 7) 2 ( 5 x) 2
.c
om
dx
1 5 arcs e n x +c 5 7
a b
2x
(b / a )
a b
+c
ax bx x x b a = 2x + c a b
a 2 x b2 x x x (a x b x ) 2 dx a b Respuesta: = 2x + c a xb x a b
18
1.28.- Encontrar: s e n 2 Solucin.x dx = 2 x senx = +c 2 2 1 cos 2 2 x 2
x dx 2
sen
dx =
1 cos x 1 1 dx = dx cos xdx 2 2 2
Respuesta: s e n 2
x x senx dx = +c 2 2 2 dx 1.29.- Encontrar: ;(0 < b < a ) ( a + b) + ( a b ) x 2 Solucin.dx dx Sea: c 2 = a + b, d 2 = a b, ; luego = 2 2 ( a + b) + ( a b) x c + d 2 x2 dx 1 dx 1 1 x 1 dx 2 c2 2 = d 2 c 2 2 = d 2 c arctg c + c = cd arctg c + c d d 2 +x +x d d d
1 2 a b
2 2
a bx a + b +c a bx + a + b
w .M
Respuesta:
dx 1 a b arctg = x+c 2 2 2 ( a + b) + ( a b) x a+b a b dx 1.30.-Encontrar: ;(0 < b < a ) ( a + b) ( a b ) x 2 Solucin.dx dx = 2 Sea: c 2 = a + b, d 2 = a b, Luego: 2 ( a + b) ( a b) x c d 2 x2 x c dx 1 dx 1 1 d + c = 1 dx c + c = = = 2 2 2 2 2c dx + c 2cd c d c d x+ c d d 2 2 x2 x2 d d d
at
em
at
Respuesta:
ic
dx 1 = 2 ( a + b) ( a b ) x 2 a 2 b2 a bx a + b +c a bx + a + b
0 1.31.- Encontrar: a 2 x ) 1 dx ( Solucin.-
a1
.c
1 a bx 1 a b +c = arctg x+c arctg a+b a +b a b a+b a 2 b2
om
19
( a 2 x )0 1dx = (a 0 1)dx = (1 1)dx = dx dx = 0dx = c 0 2x dx = c Respuesta: ( a ) 1
EJERCICIOS PROPUESTOS
Mediante el uso del lgebra elemental, o algunas identidades trigonomtricas, transformar en integrales de fcil solucin, las integrales que se presentan a continuacin. 1.32.- 3x5 dx 1.33.- (1 + e) x dx 1.39.- 1.42.- 1.34.- (1 + gx)dx
x 1.35.- cos 2 2 dx
1.36.- (1 + x )3 dx
1.37.- (1 + x )0 dx 1.40.- 1.43.-
1.38.- 1.41.-
1+ 1+
2
x 2 x 3
dy
dx 5 x dx x +5
2 2
dx x2 5 dx x 5
2
dx
x +5 1.44.- (s e n 2 x + cos 2 x 1)dx dx x 12 dx

2
1.45.- x (1 x )dx
2
1.46.- ( g 2 x + 1)dx 1.49.- 1.52.- 1.55.-
om
1.47.- 1.50.- 1.53.- 1.56.-
1.48.- 1.51.- 1.54.-
x 12 x 2 dx 2 x2 8
.M
at
x 2 + 12 dx
12 x 2 dx
ic
dx x + 12 dx
dx x 2 12 dx x x 2 12 dx 8 2x2
w w
em at
1.57.-
x 12 + x 2 dx 2 x2 + 8
a1
.c
1.58.- x 2 10dx 1.61.-
1.59.- x 2 + 10dx 1.62.- 1 s e n 2 xdx 1.65.- (20 30 ) n dx 1.68.- 1.71.-

3 4
1.60.- 10 x 2 dx 1.63.- 1 cos 2 xdx
1 cos 2 x dx s e n2 x 1.64.- (2 x 3x )0 dx dx 3 x
sen x 1.66.- gx dx cos x

1.69.- x 2 3 4 dx 1.72.-
1.67.-
x 2 dx dx
1.70.- x 2 + 3 4 dx
dx
x 3 x2 1.74.- s e n 3 x dy
1.77.- e x dx
2
x x2 3 1.75.- u dx
1.78.-
x x2 + 3 1.76.- exp( x)dx

1.79.- 11 x 2 dx 1.82.- (e x )dx
1.73.-
dx
x 2 dx 2x
1.80.- x 2 11dx
1.81.- x 2 + 11dx
20
1 + x + x 3 1.83.- dx x 1 1.86.- (co g s e n )dx

1.89.- 1.92.-
1.84.- ( g 2 x + sec 2 x 1)dx
1.85.- 1.88.-
dx
3x 2 1
dx 1 + 3x 2 dx x 3x2 1
1 + 3x 2 dx 1.90.- 2 3x + 4 dx 1.93.- x 1 + 3x 2
1.96.- 1 + 3 x 2 dx 1.99.- (3 x 2 1) dx
0
1.87.-
dx
dx
1 3x 2 dx 1.91.- 2 3x 1 dx 1.94.- x 1 3x 2
1.100.- (3 x 2 1) du 1.106.- 27 x 2 dx
n
1.98.- (3 x 2 1)dx 1.101.- exp(
1.95.- 1 3 x 2 dx
x 3
1.97.- 3 x 2 1dx 1.103.- (e 2 + e + 1) x dx
)dx
1.102.- (e
2 x 1 2
)dx
1+ g 2x 1.104.- 1dx 2 sec x

1.107.- x 2 27 dx 1.110.- 1.113.-
1.105.- exp( 1 + x )dx 1.108.- x 2 + 27 dx 1.111.- 1.114.-

5x x2 + 1 dx
1.109.- 1.112.-
dx
3x x2 1 dx
4 x x 2 + 16 1.116.- (1 + x + x) 2 dx
5 x x 2 25 1.117.- (1 x + x) 2 dx
.M
at
em
at ic
2x 1 x dx
om
dx
2
dx
3x 9 x2 (1 x ) 2 dx 1.115.- x2 1.118.- (1 + x) 4 dx
a1
.c
1.119.- e
1 cos x 2
dx
1 + x2 1.120.- exp 2 dx x
(1+ x )2 2
1.121.- e
1 s e n x 3
w w
dx
1.122.- (1 + x 3 x )0 dx
1.123.- e
dx
RESPUESTAS
1.32.- 3 x5 dx = 3 x 5 dx = 1.33.- (1 + e) x dx
3 x 5+1 x6 x6 +c =3 +c = +c 5 +1 6 2
ax (1 + e) x +c = +c Sea: a = 1 + e, Luego: (1 + e) dx = a dx = a (1 + e)
x x
1.34.- (1 + gx)dx = dx + gxdx = x + sec x + c

x 1.35.- cos 2 2 dx =
1 + cos x 1 1 1 1 dx = dx + cos xdx = x + s e n x + c 2 2 2 2 2
21
1.36.- (1 + x )3 dx = (1 + 3 x + 3( x 2 ) + x3 )dx = dx + 3 x + 3 xdx + x 2 dx

3
x2 2 52 x2 2 + x + c = x + 2 x x + 3 + x2 x + c 2 5 2 5 0 1.37.- (1 + x ) dx = dx = x + c = x + 2x 2 + 3
3
1.38.- 1.39.-
1+ 1+
x 2 x 3
dy =
1+ 1+
x 2 x 3
dy =
1+ 1+
x 2 x 3
y+c
dx 5 x2 dx 5 x dx x ( 5) dx
2 2 2
Sea: a = 5 , Luego: 1.40.- 1.41.- 1.42.-

dx x 5
2
dx ( 5) 2 x 2
= arcs e n
x 5x + c = arcs e n +c 5 5
=
=
= x + x2 5 + c
= x + x2 + 5 + c
2
dx x +5
2
x + ( 5)
2
1.43.-
dx dx 1 x 5 5 x 5 = 2 = +c = +c 2 x 5 10 x ( 5) x+ 5 x+ 5 2 5
2
1.44.- (s e n 2 x + cos 2 x 1)dx = (1 1)dx = 0dx = c 1.45.- x (1 x )dx = ( x x)dx = xdx xdx = 1.46.- ( g 2 x + 1)dx = sec 2 xdx = gx + c 1.47.-
= dx dx 1 x 12 1 x2 3 = 2 = +c = +c 2 x 12 x ( 12) 2 12 x + 12 4 3 x+2 3
2
.M at
5 5x arc g +c 5 5
em at
2 32 x2 x +c 3 2 dx 1 x arc g = +c 2 12 12 x + ( 12)
2
3 x2 3 +c 12 x+2 3 dx x + 12
2
1.48.-
Sea: a = 12 , Luego:
ic
a1
Sea: a = 5 , Luego:
dx 1 x arc g = +c 2 5 5 x + ( 5)
.c
om
dx x +5
2
22
1 2 3
arc g
1.49.- 1.50.- 1.51.- Sea:
2 3 dx = 2 x 12 dx
2
+c =
x + 12 dx 12 x 2
a = 12
3 3x arc g +c 6 6 dx = x + x 2 12 + c 2 2 x ( 12) dx = x + x 2 + 12 + c x 2 + ( 12) 2
,Luego:
dx 12 x 2
dx ( 12) 2 x 2
= arcs e n
x x 3x + c = arcs e n + c = arcs e n +c 6 12 2 3 dx = dx x x ( 12)

2 2
1.52.-
=
x x 12
2
x x 1 1 +c = +c arc sec arc sec 12 12 2 3 2 3
1.54.- 1.55.- 1.56.-
dx x 12 + x 2 dx 8 2 x2 dx 2 x2 8
= = =
3 6 dx
12 + 12 x 2
w .M
3 6
12 + 12 + x 2 =
1 dx 1 x 2 x arcs e n + c = arcs e n + c = 2 2 2 2 2 2(4 x 2 ) 4 x2 1 1 dx dx = = x + x2 4 + c 2 2 2 2 x 4 2( x 4)
2 x + x2 4 + c 2 1 dx dx 1 dx 1.57.- = x + x2 + 4 + c = = 2 2 2 2 2 2( x + 4) x +4 2x + 8
=
= 2 x + x2 + 4 + c 2
1.58.- x 2 10dx = x 2 ( 10)2 dx =
at
+c
x 2 10 x 10 x + x 2 10 + c 2 2
em at
3 3x arc sec +c 6 6 dx dx 1 1.53.- = = 2 12 x 12 x x ( 12) 2 x 2
.c
om
+c
ic
a1
12 + 12 x 2
+c
23
x 2 x 10 5 x + x 2 10 + c 2 x 2 1.59.- x 2 + 10dx = x + 10 + 5 x + x 2 + 10 + c 2 x 10 x 1.60.- 10 x 2 dx = ( 10) 2 x 2 dx = +c 10 x 2 + arcs e n 2 2 10 =

x 10 x +c 10 x 2 + 5arcs e n 2 10 1 cos 2 x s e n2 x = dx 1.61.- s e n 2 x dx = dx = x + c s e n2 x =
1.62.- 1 s e n 2 xdx = cos 2 xdx = cos xdx = s e n x + c 1.64.- (2 x 3x )0 dx = dx = x + c 1.63.- 1 cos 2 xdx = s e n 2 xdx = s e n xdx = cos x + c
1.65.- (20 30 ) n dx = (0) n dx = 0dx = c
sen x 1.66.- gx dx = ( gx gx ) dx = 0dx = c cos x dx 3x 1.67.- x = 3x dx = +c 3 3 3 x 3 x 2 2 2 4 3 2 x dx = ( ) x dx = x + arcs e n 3 + c 1.68.- 3 4 4 2 2 2 2 x 3 3 2 x 2 = +c arcs e n 4 x + 2 8 3 x 2 3 34 2 3 2 3 dx = x ( ) dx = x 4 x + x2 4 +c 1.69.- x 2 3 4 2 2 2 x 2 3 3 = x 4 x + x2 3 4 +c 2 8 x 2 3 3 3 1.70.- x 2 + 3 x 2 + ( 23 ) 2 dx = x + 4 + x + x2 + 4 +c 4 dx = 2 8 dx dx 1 x 1.71.- = = +c 3 x 3 x2 3 + 3 x2 x ( 3) 2 x 2
= 3 3 x 3 + 3 x2 +c
1.72.- 1.73.-
dx x x 3 dx
2
= =
1 x 3 3x arc sec +c = arc sec +c 3 3 3 3 3 3 x 3 + x2 + 3 +c
x x +3
2
w w
.M
at
em
at
ic
a1
.c om
24
1.75.- u dx = u dx = u x + c 1.76.- exp( x)dx = xdx = 1.77.- e x dx = x 2 dx =

2
1.74.- (s e n 3 x )dy = s e n 3 x dy = (s e n 3 x ) y + c
x2 +c 2
x3 +c 3 2 1 1 dx = dx dx = 2x x 2
1.78.-
x 2 x 2 x dx = dx dx = dx 2x 2x 2x 2x
1
1 1 1 x2 2 1 2 = = x +c = x 2x 2 + c dx x dx 1 2 2 2 2
1.79.- 11 x 2 dx = 1.80.- 1.81.- 1.82.-
1.85.- =
dx 3x 1
2
dx 3 ( x 13 )
2
3 x + ( x2 13 ) + c 3 1.86.- (co g s e n )dx = (co g s e n ) dx = (co g s e n ) x + c dx 1 + 3x dx 1 3x2

2
1.87.- 1.88.-
= =
dx 3 3
1 3
+x
= =
3 x+ 3 1 3 dx
1 3
1 + x + x 3 1.83.- dx = dx = x + c 1 x 2 2 1.84.- ( g x + sec x 1)dx = 0dx = c
1 dx 1 = x + ( x 2 13 ) + c 2 3 3 ( x 13 )
.M
at
1 3
em
+ x2 + c = 1 x arcs e n 1 + c 3 3 x2
dx
1 3
x2
3 arcs e n 3x + c 3 dx dx 1 dx 1 1 x 3 1.89.- = 1 = 1 = 1 arc g 1 + c = arc g 3x + c 2 2 2 1 + 3x 3( 3 + x ) 3 3 + x 3 3 3 3 =
at
ic a1
.c
x 11 x x 11 11x +c = +c 11 x 2 + arcs e n 11 x 2 + arcs e n 2 2 2 2 11 11 x 2 11 x 2 11dx = x 11 x + x 2 11 + c 2 2 x 11 x 2 + 11dx = x 2 + 11 + x + x 2 + 11 + c 2 2 3 x2 2 x 1 (e )dx = xdx = x 2 dx = 3 + c = x x + c 3 2
om
25
1.90.- 1.91.- 1.92.-
dx 1 dx 1 1 x 3 3x = 2 4 = 2 arc g 2 + c = +c arc g 2 3x + 4 3 x + 3 3 3 6 2 3 x dx 1 dx 1 1 = 2 1= 2 3x 1 3 x 3 3 2 13 x+ dx x 3x 1
2 1 3 1 3
+c =
3 6
3x 1 +c 3x + 1 1 1 3 arc sec x 1 3
dx 3x x 1
2
=
3
dx 1 1 = 2 3 x x 1 3 3
+c
= arc sec 3x + c
1.93.-
dx x 1 + 3x x
1 3 2
dx 1 1 = 2 3 x 1 3 3 + x
1 1 3
1 3
x +
1 3
+ x2
+c
1 3
+ x2
+c dx 1 = 2 3 x 1 3 x
1 3
1.94.-
dx x 1 3x
2
x
1 3
1 3
x2
+c
1 x 1 x 2 3 x 2 dx = 3 arcs e n +c 3 x + 1 2 2 3 1 x 1 2 arc s e n 3x + c = 3 3x + 6 2 1 x 1 2 2 2 3 1.96.- 1 + 3x 2 dx = 3 1 3 x+ 1 3 + x dx = 3 + x + 3+ x +c 2 2 1 x 1 2 2 = 3 x+ 1 3+ x + 3 + x +c 6 2 x 2 1 1 3 x 3 x + x2 1 1.97.- 3x 2 1dx = 3 x 2 1 3 dx = 3 +c 2 6 2 2 3 1.98.- (3 x 1)dx = 3 x dx dx = x x + c
1.95.- 1 3x 2 dx = 3
1.99.- (3x 2 1) dx = dx = x + c 1.100.- (3 x 2 1) du = (3 x 2 1) n du = (3 x 2 1) n u + c 1.101.- exp( 1.102.- (e

2 x 1 2
.M
at
em
x 3
)dx =
x 1 1 1x2 2 3 +c = x 2 +c dx = x 2 dx = 3 3 3 3 2 9
)dx =
2x 1 1 x2 1 dx = xdx dx = x + c 2 2 2 2
1.103.- (e 2 + e + 1) x dx
at
ic
3
a1 .c om
26
Sea: a= (e 2 + e + 1) , Luego: a x dx =
ax (e 2 + e 1) x +c = +c a (e2 + e 1)
1+ g 2x 1.104.- 1dx = (1 1)dx = 0dx = c 2 sec x x2 1.105.- exp( 1 + x )dx = (1 + x )dx = dx + xdx = x + + c 2 27 x x 1.106.- 27 x 2 dx = +c 27 x 2 + arc s e n 2 2 3 3 x 2 27 x 27 x + x 2 27 + c 1.107.- x 2 27dx = 2 2 x 2 27 1.108.- x 2 + 27 dx = x + 27 + x + x 2 + 27 + c 2 2 1 1 dx dx 1.109.- = = arc secx + c 3x x 2 1 3 x x 2 1 3
1.110.- 1.111.- 1.112.- 1.113.-

=
dx 2x 1 x2 dx 5x x + 1
2
= = =
1 dx 1 x = +c 2 x 1 x2 2 1 + 1 x2
1 x +c 16 4 + x 2 + 16 1 11 1 dx dx x x 1.114.- arc sec + c = arc sec + c = = 2 2 5 25 5 5 x x 25 5 x x 25 5 5 2 (1 x ) 1 2 x + x 3 1.115.- dx = dx = ( x 2 2 x 2 + x 1 )dx 2 2 x x 1 1 x 2 x 2 3 2 1 1 1 2 = x dx 2 x dx + x dx = x 2 + x + c = x 2 + x +c

1
2
4 x x + 16
2
.M
dx
1 dx 11 x = +c 2 4 x x + 16 4 4 4 + x 2 + 16
at
em
3x 9 x
at
ic
a1
dx
1 dx 11 x 1 x = +c = +c 2 2 3 x 9 x 33 9 3+ 9 x 3 + 9 x2
.c
om
1 dx 1 x = +c 2 5 x x +1 5 1 + x2 + 1
1 4 + x +c = + + x +c x x 3 1.116.- (1 + x + x)2 dx = (1 + x + x 2 + 2 x + 2 x + 2 x 2 )dx = x 1 + 4 x

1
= (1 + 2 x 2 + 3x + 2 x 2 + x 2 )dx = dx + 2 x 2 dx +3 xdx + 2 x 2 dx + x 2 dx
1 3 1 3
2x 2 x2 x 2 x3 4x 2 x2 x 2 x3 x+ +3 +2 + +c = x+ +3 +4 + +c 3 5 2 3 3 2 5 3 2 2 27
1.117.- (1 x + x) 2 dx = (1 + x + x 2 2 x + 2 x 2 x 2 )dx
3
4x 2 x2 x 2 x3 = (1 2 x + 3x 2 x + x )dx = x +3 4 + +c 3 2 5 3 4 2 3 4 1.118.- (1 + x) dx = (1 + 4 x + 6 x + 4 x + x )dx

1 2 3 2
1 = dx + 4 xdx + 6 x 2 dx + 4 x 3dx + x 4 dx = x + 2 x 2 + 2 x3 + x 4 + x5 + c 5
1.119.- e
1 cos x 1 1 1 1 dx = dx cos xdx = x s e n xdx 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1+ x 1+ x 1 1 1.120.- exp 2 dx = 2 dx = 2 dx + dx = x 2 dx + dx = + x + c x x x x
1 cos x 2
dx =
1 s e n x 1 1 1 1 dx = dx s e n xdx = x + cos x + c 3 3 3 3 3 0 1.122.- (1 + x 3 x ) dx = dx = x + c
1.121.- e
1 s e n x 3
dx =
1.123.- e
=
(1+ x )2 2
dx =
(1 + x) 2 1 + 2 x + x2 1 1 dx = dx = dx + xdx + x 2 dx 2 2 2 2
.M
at
em
at
ic
a1
.c
om
1 x 2 x3 x+ + +c 2 2 6
28
CAPITULO 2
INTEGRACION POR SUSTITUCION
A veces es conveniente hacer un cambio de variable, para transformar la integral dada en otra, de forma conocida. La tcnica en cuestin recibe el nombre de mtodo de sustitucin.
2.1.-Encontrar:
e x dx x2 + 7 e x dx xdx = 2 2 x +7 x +7 xdx 1 2 xdx = 2 , 2 x +7 2 x +7
Solucin.- Como: e x = x, se tiene:
Sea la sustitucin: u = x 2 + 7 , donde: du = 2 xdx , Dado que:
w w
w .M
at
em
at
ic
a1 .c
om
Se tiene:
1 2 xdx 1 du , integral que es inmediata. = 2 x2 + 7 2 u 1 du 1 1 Luego: = u + c = x2 + 7 + c 2 u 2 2 x e dx 1 Respuesta: 2 = x2 + 7 + c x +7 2 2 e x dx 2.2.-Encontrar: 3 x +8 2 e x dx x 2 dx x2 2 Solucin.- Como: e = x , se tiene: 3 = 3 x +8 x +8
Sea la sustitucin: w = x3 + 8 , donde: dw = 3x 2 dx , Dado que:
1 3x 2 dx 1 dw = integral que es inmediata. 3 x3 + 8 3 w 1 dw 1 1 Luego: = w + c = x3 + 8 + c 3 w 3 3 x2 e dx 1 Respuesta: 3 = x3 + 8 + c x +8 3 2.3.-Encontrar: ( x + 2) s e n( x 2 + 4 x 6)dx x 2 dx 1 3 x 2 dx = , x3 + 8 3 x3 + 8
Se tiene:
Solucin.- Sea la sustitucin: u = x 2 + 4 x 6 , donde: du = (2 x + 4)dx 1 Dado que: ( x + 2) s e n( x 2 + 4 x 6)dx = (2 x + 4) s e n( x 2 + 4 x 6)dx , se tiene: 2
29
1 1 (2 x + 4) s e n( x 2 + 4 x 6)dx = s e n udu , integral que es inmediata. 2 2 1 1 1 1 Luego: = s e n udu = ( cos u ) + c = cos u + c = cos( x 2 + 4 x 6) + c 2 2 2 2 1 Respuesta: ( x + 2) s e n( x 2 + 4 x 6)dx = cos( x 2 + 4 x 6) + c 2 2 2.4.-Encontrar: x s e n(1 x )dx
=
Solucin.-Sea la sustitucin: w = 1 x 2 , donde: dw = 2 xdx 1 Dado que: x s e n(1 x 2 )dx = (2 x) s e n(1 x 2 )dx 2 1 1 Se tiene que: (2 x) s e n(1 x 2 )dx = s e n wdw , integral que es inmediata. 2 2 1 1 1 1 Luego: s e n wdw = ( cos w)dw + c = cos w + c = cos(1 x 2 ) + c 2 2 2 2 1 Respuesta: x s e n(1 x 2 )dx = cos(1 x 2 ) + c 2 2 2.5.-Encontrar: x co g ( x + 1)dx Solucin.-Sea la sustitucin: u = x 2 + 1 , donde: du = 2 xdx 1 Dado que: x co g ( x 2 + 1)dx = 2 x co g ( x 2 + 1)dx 2 1 1 Se tiene que: 2 x co g ( x 2 + 1)dx = co gudu , integral que es inmediata. 2 2 1 1 1 Luego: co gudu = s e n u + c = s e n( x 2 + 1) + c 2 2 2 1 Respuesta: x co g ( x 2 + 1)dx = s e n( x 2 + 1) + c 2 2.6.-Encontrar: 1 + y 4 y 3 dy Solucin.-Sea la sustitucin: w = 1 + y 4 , donde: dw = 4 y 3 dy 1 1 Dado que: 1 + y 4 y 3 dy = (1 + y 4 ) 2 4 y 3 dy 4 1 1 1 1 Se tiene que: (1 + y 4 ) 2 4 y 3 dy = w 2 dw , integral que es inmediata. 4 4 3 2 1 1w 1 3 1 3 1 Luego: w 2 dw = + c = w 2 + c = (1 + y 4 ) 2 + c 3 4 4 2 6 6 1 3 Respuesta: 1 + y 4 y 3dy = (1 + y 4 ) 2 + c 6 3tdt 2.7.-Encontrar: 3 2 t +3 Solucin.-Sea la sustitucin: u = t 2 + 3 , donde: du = 2tdt
.M
at
em
at
ic a1
.c
om
30
Dado que:
3 2tdt 1 2 t + 3 2 (t + 3) 3 3 2tdt 3 du Se tiene que: 2 = 1 , integral que es inmediata 1 3 2 (t + 3) 2 u3

3 2
3tdt
2 3 du 3 13 3u 3 9 2 9 = u du = + c = u 3 + c = (t 2 + 3) 3 + c 1 2 3 2 u 2 2 3 4 4 3tdt 9 2 Respuesta: = (t 2 + 3) 3 + c 3 2 t +3 4 dx 2.8.-Encontrar: 1 , a y b constantes. (a + bx) 3 Solucin.- Sea: w = a + bx , donde: dw = bdx 2 1 dx 1 bdx 1 dw 1 1w3 3 23 3 Luego: w c w +c = = = = + = 1 1 1 b 2 2b (a + bx) 3 b (a + bx) 3 b w 3 b 3 2 3 3 = (a + bx) + c 2b 2 3 dx 3 Respuesta: = (a + bx) + c 1 (a + bx) 3 2b
Luego:
arcs e n x dx 1 x2 arcs e n x dx dx = arcs e n x , Solucin.- 2 1 x 1 x2 dx Sea: u = arcs e n x , donde: du = 1 x2 2 3 2 dx 1 Luego: arcs e n x (arcs e n x)3 + c = u 2 du = u 2 + c = 2 3 3 1 x
arcs e n x 2 (arcs e n x)3 + c dx = 2 1 x 3 x arc g 2 dx 2.10.-Encontrar: 4 + x2 x 1 1 2dx Solucin.- Sea: w = arc g , donde: dw = ( )dx = x 2 2 1+ ( 2 ) 2 4 + x2 x 2 arc g 2 dx = 1 arc g x 2dx = 1 wdw = 1 w2 + c = 1 arc g x + c Luego: 2 4 + x2 2 2 4 4 2 2 4+ x x 2 arc g x 1 2 dx = arc g + c Respuesta: 4 + x2 4 2
Respuesta:
.M
at
em
at
ic a1
.c
2.9.-Encontrar:
om
31
2.11.-Encontrar:
x arc g 2 x dx 1 + 4x2 arc g 2 x x arc g 2 x xdx Solucin.- dx = 2 2 1+ 4x 1+ 4x 1 + 4 x2
2dx 1 + 4x2 arc g 2 x 1 8 xdx 1 2dx xdx Luego: = arc g 2 x 2 2 2 1 + 4x 1+ 4x 8 1+ 4x 2 1 + 4x2 1 du 1 1 1 3 1 1 3 1 = w 2 dw = u w 2 + c = 1 + 4 x 2 (arc g 2 x) 2 + c 8 u 2 8 3 8 3 x arc g 2 x 1 1 3 dx = 1 + 4 x 2 (arc g 2 x) 2 + c Respuesta: 2 1+ 4x 8 3 dx 2.12.-Encontrar: (1 + x 2 ) x + 1 + x 2
Sea: u = 1 + 4 x 2 , donde: du = 8 xdx ; w = arc g 2 x , donde: dw =
Solucin.-
dx
(1 + x 2 ) x + 1 + x 2
dx
1 + x2 1
2
x + 1 + x2
2.13.-Encontrar:
co g ( x) dx x
Respuesta:
(1 + x 2 ) x + 1 + x 2
dx
.M
at
=2
Solucin.- Sea: w = x , donde: dw = Luego:
co g ( x) dx = co gwdw = s e n w + c = s e n( x) + c x co g ( x) Respuesta: dx = s e n( x) + c x dx 2.14.-Encontrar: x ( x )3 dx Solucin.- Sea: u = x , donde: du = x 2 dx du u 1 1 Luego: = 3 = u 3 du = +c = 2 +c = +c 3 2 2u 2( x) 2 x( x) u
dx x
em
1 + x2
x + 1 + x2
at
Luego:
x + 1 + x2 + c
ic
dx
x + 1+ x 2 1+ x du 1 1 = u 2 du = 2u 2 + c = 2 u
2
om
Sea: u = x + 1 + x 2 , donde: du =
(1 +
2x
) du =
dx
a1
.c
1 + x2
x + 1 + x2 + c
32
Respuesta:
dx 1 = +c 3 2( x) 2 x( x)
1
e x2 2.15.-Encontrar: 3 dx x 1 2 Solucin.- Sea: w = 2 , donde: dw = 3 dx x x e x2 1 1 2dx 1 1 1 1 x2 Luego: 3 dx = e x2 3 = e w dw = e w + c = e + c x x 2 2 2 2 e x2 1 1 x2 Respuesta: 3 dx = e + c 2 x x2 + 2 2.16.-Encontrar: e xdx

1 1
Solucin.- Sea: u = x 2 + 2 , donde: du = 2 xdx 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 Luego: e x + 2 xdx = e x + 2 (2 xdx) = eu du = eu + c = e x + 2 + c 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 Respuesta: e x + 2 xdx = e x + 2 + c 2 2 x3 2.17.-Encontrar: x e dx Solucin.- Sea: w = x 3 , donde: dw = 3x 2 dx 3 3 1 1 1 3 Luego: x 2 e x dx = 3x 2 e x dx = e w dw = e x + c 3 3 3 1 x3 2 x3 Respuesta: x e dx = e + c 3 x 2.18.-Encontrar: (e + 1) 2 e x dx
Solucin.- Sea: u = e x + 1 , donde: du = e x dx u3 (e x + 1)3 Luego: (e x + 1) 2 e x dx = u 2 du = + c = +c 3 3 (e x + 1)3 +c Respuesta: (e x + 1) 2 e x dx = 3 ex 1 2.19.-Encontrar: x dx e +1 x e 1 ex 1 ex e x e x Solucin.- x dx = x dx x dx = x dx x dx e +1 e +1 e +1 e +1 e +1 x x x x e e e e = x dx x x dx = x dx dx 1 + ex e +1 e (e + 1) e +1 Sea: u = e x + 1 , donde: du = e x dx ; w = 1 + e x ,donde: dw = e x dx ex e x ex e x du dw Luego: x dx dx = x dx dx = + x x e +1 e +1 u w 1+ e 1+ e
.M
at
em
at
ic
a1
.c
om
33
x x = u + c1 + w + c2 = e x + 1 + 1 + e x + C = e + 1 1+ e + c ex 1 (e x + 1)(1 + e x ) Respuesta: x dx = + c , otra respuesta seria: e +1 2 ex 1 x e x + 1dx = e + 1 x + c e2 x 1 2.20.-Encontrar: 2 x dx e +3 2x e 1 e2 x e0 Solucin.- 2 x dx = 2 x dx 2 x dx e +3 e +3 e +3 2x 2 x 2 x 2x e e e e e 2 x e2 x e 2 x dx = 2 x dx 2 x 2 x dx = 2 x dx dx = 2 x dx 2 x e +3 e +3 e +3 e (e + 3) e +3 1 + 3e 2 x Sea: u = e 2 x + 3 , donde: du = 2e 2 x dx ; w = 1 + 3e 2 x ,donde: dw = 6e 2 x dx e2 x e 2 x 1 2e 2 x 1 6e 2 x 1 du 1 dw dx dx dx = Luego: 2 x dx = + + 2x 2 x 2 x e +3 1 + 3e 2 e +3 6 1 + 3e 2 u 6 w 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 u + w + c = e 2 x + 3 + 1 + 3e2 x + c = e2 x + 3 + 1 + 2 x + c 2 6 2 6 2 6 e
x +c 3 2x 2/3 e 1 x Respuesta: 2 x dx = ( e 2 x + 3) + c e +3 3 2 x +1 2.22.-Encontrar: dx x 1 Solucin.- Cuando el grado del polinomio dividendo es MAYOR o IGUAL que el grado del polinomio divisor, es necesario efectuar previamente la divisin de polinomios. El resultado de la divisin dada es:
2/3
x2 + 1 2 x2 + 1 2 dx dx = x + 1 + = ( x + 1) + , Luego: dx = xdx + dx + 2 x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1 Sea u = x 1 , donde du = dx dx du x 2 Luego: xdx + dx + 2 = + x + x 1 + c = xdx + dx + 2 2 x 1 u 2 2 x +1 x Respuesta: dx = + x + x 1 + c x 1 2 x+2 2.23.-Encontrar: dx x +1
.M
= ( e 2 x + 3)
at
em
at
= ( e 2 x + 3)
ic
a1
1/ 2
+ ( e 2 x + 3)
1/ 6
1/ 2 1/ 6 1 2x 2x x +c e e 2x + c = + 3 + 3 ( ) ( ) 3 6
.c
om
1 1 e2 x + 3 1 1 1 e2 x + 3 + 2 x + c = e2 x + 3 + e2 x + 3 e2 x + c 2 6 e 2 6 6
34
Solucin.-
x+2 1 x+2 1 dx , Luego: = 1+ dx = 1 + dx = dx + x +1 x +1 x +1 x +1 x +1 Sea u = x + 1 , donde du = dx du dx + u = x + u + c =x + x + 1 + c x+2 dx = x + x + 1 + c Respuesta: x +1 2.24.-Encontrar: g 5 x sec2 xdx
Solucin.- Sea: w = gx , donde: dw = sec 2 x

w6 ( gx) g6x Luego: g x sec xdx = ( gx) sec xdx = w dw = +c = +c = +c 6 6 6 g6x +c Respuesta: g 5 x sec 2 xdx = 6 2.25.-Encontrar: s e n x sec 2 xdx
6 5 2 5 2 5
Solucin.- s e n x sec 2 xdx = s e n x
Luego:
sec2 3 xdx 1 3sec 2 3 xdx 1 du 1 1 = = = u + c = 1 + g 3x + c 1 + g 3x 3 1 + g 3x 3 u 3 3 sec 2 3 xdx 1 = 1 + g 3x + c 1 + g 3x 3
Respuesta:
2.27.-Encontrar: s e n 3 x cos xdx

3
Solucin.- Sea: w = s e n x , donde: dw = cos xdx

3 3
Solucin.- Sea: u = cos x , donde: du = s e n x Luego: cos 4 x s e n xdx = (cos x) 4 s e n xdx = (cos x) 4 ( s e n x)dx = u 4 du
w4 s e n4 x Luego: s e n x cos xdx = (s e n x) cos xdx = w dw = + c = +c 4 4 s e n4 x 3 +c Respuesta: s e n x cos xdx = 4 2.28.-Encontrar: cos 4 x s e n xdx
.M
2.26.-Encontrar:
sec2 3xdx 1 + g 3x Solucin.- Sea: u = 1 + g 3 xdx , donde: du = 3sec 2 3xdx
at
em
at
Sea: u = cos x , donde: du = s e n x sen x s e n xdx du u 1 1 1 2 dx u du Luego: = = = = +c= +c = +c 2 2 u u cos x cos x 1 cos x Respuesta: s e n x sec 2 xdx = sec x + c
1 sen x dx = dx 2 cos x cos 2 x
ic
a1
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35
u5 cos x5 cos5 x +c = +c = +c 5 5 5 cos5 x +c Respuesta: cos 4 x s e n xdx = 5 sec5 dx 2.29.-Encontrar: cos ecx 1 5 5 sec sen x Solucin.- dx = cos x dx = dx 1 cos ecx (cos x)5 sen x Sea: w = cos x , donde: dw = s e n xdx sen x dw w4 1 1 1 5 +c = +c= +c Luego: dx = 5 = w dw = 5 4 (cos x) 4w 4 cos 4 x 4 w
sec 4 x +c 4
Solucin.- Sea: u = g 2 x , donde: du = 2sec 2 2 xdx 1 1 1 1 Luego: e g 2 x sec2 2 xdx = e g 2 x (2sec2 2 xdx) = eu du = eu + c = e g 2 x + c 2 2 2 2 1 Respuesta: e g 2 x sec2 2 xdx = e g 2 x + c 2 2x 5 2.31.-Encontrar: 2 dx 3x 2 Solucin.- Sea: w = 3x 2 2 , donde: dw = 6 xdx 2x 5 1 3(2 x 5) 1 6 x 15 1 6 xdx 15 dx Luego: 2 dx = dx = 2 dx = 2 2 2 3x 2 3 3x 2 3 3x 2 3 3x 2 3 3x 2 1 6 xdx dx 1 6 xdx 5 dx 1 6 xdx 5 dx = 2 5 = 2 2 2 = 2 2 2 2 2 3 3x 2 3( x 3 ) 3 3x 2 3 ( x 3 ) 3 3 x 2 3 x ( 2 3)
sec5 sec 4 x +c dx = cos ecx 4 2.30.-Encontrar: e g 2 x sec2 2 xdx

Respuesta:
1 dw 5 dx 1 5 dx ; Sea: v = x , donde: dv = dx 2 = w + c1 2 2 2 3 w 3 x ( 2 3 3 x ( 2 3) 3)
Adems: a =
2 3
; se tiene:
1 5 dv w + c1 2 2 3 3 v a
2 2 3 3
= =
x 1 5 1 1 5 1 va 3x 2 2 + c1 + c2 = 3 x 2 2 2 3 3 2a 3 3 v+a x+ 2 3
.M
at
em
at
ic a1
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om
+C
1 5 3x 2 2 3 32 2
3x 2 1 5 + C = 3x 2 2 3 3x + 2 2 6
3x 2 +C 3x + 2
36
Respuesta:
2x 5 1 5 dx = 3 x 2 2 2 3x 2 3 2 6
dx x 4 9 2x
2
3x 2 +C 3x + 2
2.32.-Encontrar: Solucin.-
dx
x 2 (3 x) 2 3dx Sea: u = 3 x , donde: du = x dx 1 3dx 1 du 1 u Luego: = = = arcs e n + c 2 x 22 (3 x) 2 3 x 22 (3 x) 2 3 22 (u ) 2 3 3 1 3 x 1 = arcs e n + c = arcs e n x 2 + c 3 2 3 3 dx 1 Respuesta: = arcs e n x 2 + c x 4 9 2x 3
2
x 49 x
dx
2.33.-Encontrar:
dx ex 1 e x dx
e 1 x2 + 2 x + 2 dx 2.34.-Encontrar: x +1 x2 + 2 x + 2 ( x 2 + 2 x + 1) + 1 ( x + 1) 2 + 1 ( x + 1) 2 + 1 dx = dx = dx = dx Solucin.- x +1 x +1 x +1 x +1 1 dx = (x +1+ , Sea: w = x + 1 , donde: dw = dx )dx = xdx + dx + x +1 x +1 dx dw x 2 = xdx + dx + = + x+ w +c Luego: xdx + dx + 2 x +1 w x2 = + x + x +1 + c 2 x2 + 2 x + 2 x2 Respuesta: dx = + x + x + 1 + c x +1 2 e2 x 2.35.-Encontrar: dx ex + 1 Solucin.- Sea: u = e x + 1 , donde: du = e x dx
Respuesta:
.M
dx
= 2 arc g e x + 1 + c
at
em
Luego:
dx e 1
x
2du du = 2 2 = 2 arc gu + c = 2 arc g e x + 1 + c 2 u +1 u +1
at
ic a1
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2 e 1
x
om
Solucin.- Sea: u = e x 1 , donde: du =
; Tal que: e x = u 2 + 1
37
Luego:
u 1 u2 u 2 1 1 1 1 +c dx = 1 du = (u 2 u 2 )du = u 2 du u 2 du = 3 1 u2 2 2 ex + 1 e2 x
3
1
u
3
1 2 2 +c = 2 3u 2u +c =
3 1
2 3
(e x + 1)3 2 (e x + 1) + c
Respuesta:
e2 x e +1
x
dx =
2 3
(e x + 1)3 2 (e x + 1) + c
2.36.-Encontrar:
2 x dx 4x x
dx ; adems: 4 x = (2 2 x) = 2 + 2 x x
Solucin.- Sea: u = 4 x , donde: du =
u = 2 + 2x 2x = u 2 2 x dx u 2 2 du = = u 2 u + c Luego: du = du du = du 2 4x x u u u = 4 x 2 [ ( 4 x)] + c
Respuesta:
2 x dx = 4 x 2 [ ( 4 x) ] + c 4x x 2.37.-Encontrar: x(3 x + 1)7 dx
.M
at
em
Luego: x(3 x + 1)7 dx =
w 1 7 dw 1 1 w = ( w 1) w7 dw = ( w8 w7 )dw 3 3 9 9 9 8 1 1 1w 1w 1 1 = w8 dw w7 dw = + c = w9 w8 + c 9 9 9 9 9 8 81 72 1 1 = (3x + 1)9 (3x + 1)8 + c 81 72 (3x + 1)9 (3 x + 1)8 +c Respuesta: x(3 x + 1)7 dx = 81 72 x2 5x + 6 dx 2.38.-Encontrar: x2 + 4 x2 5x + 6 2 5x dx = 1 + 2 Solucin.2 x +4 x +4 2 x 5x + 6 2 5x dx xdx dx = (1 + 2 )dx = dx + 2 2 5 2 Luego: 2 x +4 x +4 x +4 x +4 Sea: u = x 2 + 4 , donde: du = 2 xdx ; Entonces: x 5 du x 5 x 5 = x + arc g =x + arc g u + c = x + arc g x 2 + 4 + c 2 2 u 2 2 2 2 2 x 5x + 6 x 5 dx = x + arc g x 2 + 4 + c Respuesta: 2 x +4 2 2
at
ic
a1
.c
Solucin.- Sea: w = 3x + 1 , donde: dw = 3dx ; adems: w 1 = 3x x =
w 1 3
om
38
Usando Esencialmente la tcnica de integracin por sustitucin, encontrar las siguientes integrales: adx 4t + 6 2.39.- 3x e x dx 2.40.- 2.41.- dt ax 2t + 1 1 3x xdx ax b 2.43.- 2.42.- 2.44.- dx dx x+ a + bx 3 + 2x 2.45.-
3t 2 + 3 dt t 1
2
b 2.48.- a + dx xa 2.51.- a bxdx dx 2.54.- 2 3x + 5
x2 + 5x + 7 dx x+3 x 2.49.- dx ( x + 1) 2
2.46.-
2.47.-
x4 + x2 + 1 dx x 1 bdy 2.50.- 1 y
2.66.- 2.69.-
x arc g 3x dx 1 + 9 x2 dt
(9 + 9t 2 ) t + 1 + t 2
arcs e n t dt 4 4t 2 2.70.- ae mx dx
2.67.-
.M at
em
6t 15 dt 3t 2 2 xdx 2.60.- 2 x 5 xdx 2.63.- a4 x4

2.57.-
x +1 x3 dx 2.55.- 2 a x2 3 2x 2.58.- 2 dx 5x + 7 xdx 2.61.- 2 2x + 3 x 2 dx 2.64.- 1 + x6

2
2.52.-
xdx
x + x dx x y2 5 y + 6 dy 2.56.- y2 + 4 3x + 1 2.59.- dx 5x2 + 1 ax + b dx 2.62.- 2 2 a x + b2 x 2 dx 2.65.- x6 1 x arc g ( 3 ) dx 2.68.- 2 9+ x
2.53.-
at
ic
a1
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om
2.71.- 423 x dx 2.74.- (e a e a )2 dx

x x
2.72.- (et e t )dt
2.73.- e ( x
1
+1)
xdx
a2x 1 2.75.- dx ax
2.78.- x7 x dx
2
ex 2.76.- 2 dx x et dt 2.79.- t e 1 dx 2.82.- x 2 +3

2.85.-
2.77.- 5
dx x
2.80.- e x a be x dx
2.81.- (e a + 1) 3 e a dx
x
e bx dx 2.84.- 1 e2bx
2.87.- s e n(a + bx)dx 2.90.- (cos ax + s e n ax) 2 dx
et dt 1 e 2t
a x dx ;a > 0 2.83.- 1 + a2 x x 2.86.- cos dx 2

2.89.- s e n( x) 2.92.- cos 2 xdx
2.88.- cos x
dx x 2 2.91.- s e n xdx
dx x
39
2.93.- sec 2 (ax + b)dx
2.94.- cos g 2 axdx
2.95.-
dx 3cos(5 x 4) x 2.99.- co g dx a b
2.96.-
1 2.102.- 1 dx sen x 2 2.105.- t s e n(1 2t 2 )dt

2.108.-
dx s e n(ax + b) dx 2.100.- g x x dx 2.103.- s e n x cos x

2.97.- 2.106.-
dx x sen a xdx 2.98.- cos 2 x 2 dx 2.101.- x g 5 cos ax 2.104.- dx s e n 5 ax
s e n x cos x cos 2 x s e n 2 x
dx
s e n 3x dx 3 + cos 3 x gx 2.109.- dx cos 2 x
x x 2.107.- g 3 3 sec 2 3 dx x x 2.110.- cos a sen a dx
2.111.- t co g (2t 2 3)dt 2.114.- 1 + 3cos 2 x s e n 2 xdx 2.117.-
x3 dx 2.112.- 8 x +5
2.115.- x 5 5 x 2 dx
2.113.- s e n 3 6 x cos 6 xdx 2.116.-
x3 1 2.120.- 4 dx x 4x + 1 g 3 x co g 3x 2.123.- dx s e n 3x
2.126.- 2.129.- 2.132.-
at
em
2.124.-
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at
2.121.- xe x dx
2
a1
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(cos ax + s e n ax) 2 dx s e n ax
2.118.-
x3 1 dx x +1
1 + s e n 3x dx cos 2 3 x cos ec 2 3xdx 2.119.- b a co g 3 x

2.122.-
dx ex dx x 2x xdx
3 2 + 3x 2 dx 2 + 3x 2 1+ s e n x 2.125.- dx x + cos x
ic
sec 2 xdx
g2x 2
x2 x3 + 1 sec 2 xdx
2
2.127.-
2.128.- a s e n x cos xdx 2.131.- g 2 axdx 2.134.- 2.137.-

3
dx
2.130.-
4 g x
1 x4 dx 2.133.- cos x a
2.136.- 2.139.- 2.142.-
1+ x dx x
dx x 1 arc gx e + x (1 + x 2 ) + 1 2.138.- 1 + x2 (1 s e n x2 ) 2 2.141.- dx s e n x2

2.135.- g x 1 2.144.-
xdx s e n x2 x 2 dx x2 2 5 3x 4 3x es e2 s 2
2
s e n x cos x dx s e n x + cos x
2
2.140.- es e n x s e n 2 xdx
dx
2.143.-
ds e +1
s
d s e n a cos a
2.145.-
ds
t 2.146.- s e n( 2T + 0 )dt
40
2.147.- 2.150.- 2.153.- 2.156.-
arc cos x 2
4 x2 s e n x cos x 2sen x
4
dx
2.148.-
dx x(4 2 x)
2.149.- e gx sec 2 xdx 2.152.-
dx
2.151.s ecx gx
arc s e n x + x 1 x2
dx
dx s ec 2 x + 1 xdx 2.154.- x +1 s e n3 x dx cos x

x
dt s e n t cos 2 t
2
2.155.- x(5 x 2 3)7 dx 2.158.-
( x + x 2 + 1)
x2 + 1 (arcs e n x) 2 2.159.- dx 1 x2 2t 2 10t + 12 2.162.- dt t2 + 4
dx
2.157.-
cos xdx 1+ s e n2 x
2.150.- e x + e dx 2.163.-
2.161.- t (4t + 1)7 dt
et e t dt et + e t
RESPUESTAS
2.39.- 3x e x dx ,
x u
Sea: u = x, du = dx, a = 3e
(3e) x (3e) x 3x e x 3x e x (3e) dx = (a) du = a + c = (3e) + c = 3 e + c = 3 + e + c = 3 + 1 + c adx , Sea: u = a x, du = dx 2.40.- ax adx du a x = a u = a u + c = a a x + c 4t + 6 2t + 3 2 2.41.- Sea: u = 2t + 1, du = 2dt ; = 1+ dt , 2t + 1 2t + 1 2t + 1 4t + 6 2 2 du 1+ dt = 2 dt + 2 = 2t + 2 u + c dt = 2 dt + 2 2t + 1 dt = 2 2t + 1 u 2t + 1 = 2t + 2 2t + 1 + c 11 1 3x 1 3x 3 2 2.42.- Sea: u = 3 + 2 x, du = 2dx ; dx , = + 3 + 2x 3 + 2x 2 2x + 3 11 1 3x 3 11 dx 3 11 du 3 2 = + = dx + dx dx = dx + 3 + 2x 2 2x + 3 2 4 2x + 3 2 4 u 3 11 x+ 2x + 3 + c 2 4 a xdx x 1 , Sea: u = a + bx, du = bdx ; 2.43.- = b a + bx b a + bx a + bx xdx 1 a dx 1 a du 1 a x a a + bx = b dx b a + bx = b dx b2 u = b x b2 u + c = b b2 a + bx + c
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ic
a1
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41
ax b 2.44.- dx , x+
Sea: u = x + , du = dx ;
+b ax b a = ax + b x
a + b a +b ax b a a a + b dx x + dx = x dx = dx x + dx = dx a + b a a + b du a a + b a a + b = dx = x u +c = x x+ +c 2 2 u 2
3t 2 + 3 t2 +1 2 2.45.- Sea: u = t 1, du = dt ; = t +1+ dt , t 1 t 1 t 1 2 3t + 3 2 2 3 t +1+ dt = t 2 + 3t + 6 u + c dt = 3 tdt + 3 dt + 3 t 1 dt = 3 t 1 t 1 2 3 = t 2 + 3t + 6 t 1 + c 2 x2 + 5x + 7 x2 + 5x + 7 1 = x+2+ dx , Sea: u = t 1, du = t + 1 ; 2.46.- x+3 x+3 x+3 2 2 x + 5x + 7 1 1 x x+2+ dx = + 2 x + u + c dx = xdx + 2 dx + x + 3 dx = x+3 x+3 2
x2 x2 + 2x + u + c = + 2x + x + 3 + c 2 2 4 2 x + x +1 dx , Sea: u = x 1, du = dx ; 2.47.- x 1 x4 + x2 + 1 3 dx 3 2 3 2 x + x + 2x + 2 + dx = x dx + x dx + 2 dx + 3 x 1 dx = x 1 x 1 4 3 4 3 x x x x = + + x2 + 2 + 3 u + c = + + x2 + 2 x + 3 x 1 + c 4 3 4 3 b 2.48.- a + dx , xa
2 2
2 2ab b b2 dx dx + = + + + b2 a dx a dx = a 2 dx + 2ab 2 xa x a ( x a) xa ( x a)2 = a 2 dx + 2ab

49.-
du du u 1 b2 + b 2 2 = a 2 x + 2ab u + b 2 + c = a 2 x + 2ab x a + c 2. u u xa 1
Sea: u = x + 1, du = dx
x dx , ( x + 1) 2
x ( x + 1) 1 x +1 dx dx dx u 1 dx = dx = dx = = u +c ( x + 1)2 ( x + 1)2 ( x + 1)2 ( x + 1)2 u u 2 1
Sea: u = x a, du = dx
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at
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ic
a1
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42
1 +c x +1 bdy , Sea: u = 1 y, du = dy 2.50.- 1 y bdy du 1 1 1 1 y = b u = b u 2 du = 2bu 2 + c = 2b(1 y) 2 + c

= x +1 +
2.51.- a bxdx ,
3
Sea: u = a bx, du = bdx
a bxdx =
3 1 12 1u 2 2 3 3 u du = + c = u 2 + c = (a bx) 2 + c 3 b b 2 3b 2b
2.52.-
xdx
2
x +1 1 1 du 1 12 1 u2 xdx 1 = = u du = + c =( x 2 + 1) 2 + c 1 2 2 2 u 2 x +1 2
Sea: u = x 2 + 1, du = 2 xdx
2.53.-
x + x dx Sea: u = x, du = dx , x x 1/ 2 x + x x x u2 1/ 2 1/ 2 dx = x dx + dx = x dx + udu = + +c x x 1/ 2 2 2x =2 x+ +c 2 dx , Sea: u 2 = 3 x 2 , u = 3 x, du = 3dx ; a 2 = 5; a = 5 2.54.- 2 3x + 5 dx 1 du 1 1 u 1 1 3x 15 3x 3x 2 + 5 = 3 u 2 + a 2 = 3 a arc tg a + c = 3 5 arc tg 5 + c = 15 arc tg 5 + c x3dx , a2 x2
2.55.-
x 3dx a 2 xdx xdx a 2 du 2 = xdx = xdx a = xdx a2 x2 x2 a2 x2 a2 2 u x2 a2 x2 a2 = u +c = x2 a2 + c 2 2 2 2 2 y 5y + 6 Sea: u = y 2 + 4, du = 2 ydy 2.56.- dy , 2 y +4 5 y + 2 5 y + 2 y2 5 y + 6 ydy dy y 2 + 4 dy = (1 + y 2 + 4 )dy = dy + y 2 + 4 dy = dy 5 y 2 + 4 + 2 y 2 + 22 y y = y 5 u + 2 1 arc g + c = y 5 y 2 + 4 + arc g + c 2 2 2 2 2 6t 15 2.57.- 2 dt , Sea: u = 3t 2 2, du = 6tdt ; w = 3t , dw = 3dt 3t 2
Sea: u = x 2 a 2 , du = 2 xdx
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ic
a1
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43
3t
=
6t 15 tdt dt tdt dt 15 2 = 6 2 15 dt = 6 2 2 2 2 3t 2 3t 2 3t 2 ( 3t ) ( 2) 2
du 15 dw 15 3 1 w 2 = u +c 2 2 u 3 2 2 w+ 2 3 w ( 2)
= 3t 2 2
5 6 t 3 2 +c 4 t 3+ 2
2.58.-
3 2x Sea: u = 5 x 2 + 7, du = 10 xdx; w = 5 x, dw = 5dx dx , 5x2 + 7 3 2x dx dx dx 2 du 5 x 2 + 7dx = 3 5 x2 + 7 2 5 x 2 + 7 = 3 ( 5 x )2 + ( 7)2 10 u 3 dw 1 du 3 1 x 5 1 = u +c arc g 2 2 5 w + ( 7) 5 u 5 7 7 5
= =
3 du 1 dw 3 u2 1 + = + w + w2 + 1 + c 2 2 1 10 10 u 5 5 w +1 2 3 1 = x 5 + 5x2 + 1 + c 5x2 + 1 + 5 5 xdx 2.60.- 2 , Sea: u = x 2 + 5, du = 2 xdx x 5 xdx 1 du 1 1 2 x2 5 = 2 u = 2 u + c = 2 x 5 + c

2.61.-
xdx , Sea: u = 2 x 2 + 3, du = 4 xdx 2x2 + 3 xdx 1 du 1 1 2 2x2 + 3 = 4 u = 4 u + c = 4 2x + 3 + c ax + b dx , 2.62.- 2 2 Sea: u = a 2 x 2 + b 2 , du = 2a 2 xdx; w = ax, dw = adx a x + b2 ax + b xdx dx a du b dw a 2 x 2 + b2 dx = a a 2 x 2 + b2 + b a 2 x 2 + b2 = 2a 2 u + a w2 + b2 1 b 1 w 1 1 ax = u+ arc g + c = a 2 x 2 + b 2 + arc g + c b a b a b 2 2
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at
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at
ic
3 35 5 1 5x2 + 7 + c arc gx 35 7 5 3x + 1 2.59.- Sea: u = 5 x 2 + 1, du = 10 xdx; w = x 5, dw = 5dx dx , 2 5x + 1 3x + 1 xdx dx xdx dx 5 x 2 + 1dx = 3 5 x2 + 1 + ( x 5)2 + 12 = 3 5x 2 + 1 + ( x 5)2 + 12
a1
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44
2.63.-
xdx a x
4 4 4
Sea: u = x 2 , du = 2 xdx
xdx a x
4
xdx
( a 2 )2 ( x2 )2
1 du 1 u = arcs e n 2 + c 2 a ( a 2 )2 u 2 2
1 x2 = arcs e n 2 + c a 2 2 x dx , Sea: u = x3 , du = 3x 2 dx 2.64.- 6 1+ x 2 x dx x 2 dx 1 du 1 1 3 1 + x6 = 1 + ( x3 )2 = 3 1 + u 2 = 3 arc g u + c = 3 arc gx + c

2.65.-
x 2 dx x 1
6
Sea: u = x3 , du = 3x 2 dx
x dx x 1
6
x 2 dx
(x ) 1
3 2
1 du 1 1 = u + u 2 1 + c = x3 + x 6 1 + c 2 3 u 1 3 3
2.66.-
x arc g 3x 3dx Sea: u = 1 + 9 x 2 , du = 18 xdx; w = arc g 3 x, dw = dx , 2 1+ 9x 1 + 9 x2 x arc g 3x arc g 3x xdx 1 du 1 1 1 + 9 x2 dx = 1 + 9 x 2 1 + 9 x 2 dx = 18 u 3 w 2 dw 3 3 1 1w2 1 2(arc g 3 x) 2 2 = +c = +c u 1+ 9x 18 33 18 9 2 dt arcs e n t 2.67.- Sea: u = arcs e n t , du = dt , 2 4 4t 1 t2
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at
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ic
a1 .c om
arcs e n t 1 arcs e n t 1 arcs e n t 1 1 u dt = dt = dt = udu = 2 2 4 4t 2 1 t 2 2 2 3 1 t2
1 3 +c = u 2 +c 3
1 (arcs e n t )3 + c 3 x arc g ( 3 ) 3dx x 2.68.- Sea: u = arc g 3 , du = dx , 2 9 + x2 9+ x x x 2 arc g ( 3 ) arc g ( 3 ) 1 1 u2 1 2 = = + = + = +c dx udu c u c 9 + x2 3 3 2 6 6 dt dt , Sea: u = t + 1 + t 2 , du = 2.69.- 1+ t2 (9 + 9t 2 ) t + 1 + t 2
1 = 3 (1 + t 2 )
dt
t + 1+ t2
1 du 1 u 2 2 2 u +c = = = +c = 1 3 u 3 3 3 2
t + 1+ t 2 + c
45
2.70.- ae mx dx ,
Sea: u = mx, du = mdx
ae
4
mx
dx = a e mx dx =
2.71.- 42 3 x dx ,
2 3 x
a u a a e du = eu + c = e mx + c m m m Sea: u = 2 3x, du = 3dx; a = 4
1 u 1 au 4 2 3 x dx = a du = +c = +c 3 3 a 3 4
Sea: u = t , du = dt
2.72.- (et e t )dt ,
(e
e
e t )dt = et dt e t dt = et dt eu dt = et + eu + c = et + e t + c
2
2.73.- e ( x
( x 2 +1)
+1)
xdx ,
2
Sea: u = x 2 1, du = 2 xdx
2 1 u 1 1 1 e du = eu + c = e ( x +1) + c = x2 +1 + c 2 2 2 2e x x 2 x 2 dx 2 x 2dx 2 2.74.- (e a e a ) dx , Sea: u = , du = ; w = , dw = a a a a x 2x x x 2 x 2x 2 x xa 2 a a a a a a a (e e ) dx = (e + 2e e + e )dx = e dx + 2 dx + e dx
xdx = e x 1 xdx =
a u a w a u a w a 2ax a 2ax e du dx e dw e x e c e x e +c + 2 = + 2 + = + 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 a2x 1 x 3x 3 dx dx , Sea: u = 2 2.75.- , du = dx 2 ; w = 2 , dw = 2 ax a2 x 1 a 2 x dx dx 3x x x 2 x x dx = ax a x a x = a 2 dx a 2 dx = a 2 dx a 2 dx 3x x 3x x 2 w 2 aw au 2a 2 a 2 2 a 2 u = a dw + 2 a du = +2 +c = +2 +c = + a 2)+c ( a a a 3 3 3 a 3 a =

ex 1 dx 2.76.- 2 dx , Sea: u = , du = 2 x x x 1 x 1 e u u x x 2 dx = e du = e + c = e x + c = e + c dx dx 2.77.- 5 x , Sea: u = x , du = 2 x x
1
dx 2 5u 25 x = 2 5u du = +c = +c 5 5 x
2
2.78.- x7 x dx ,
x2
1 u 1 7u 1 7x x dx = du = + c = +c 7 7 2 2 7 2 7
2.79.-
et dt , et 1
Sea: u = x 2 , du = 2 xdx
2
Sea: u = et 1, du = et dt
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46
et dt du t et 1 = u = u + c = e 1 + c
2.80.- e x a be x dx ,
3
Sea: u = a be x , du = be x dx
x x e a be dx =
x
1 1u 2 2 3 2 3 udu = + c = u 2 + c = (a be x ) 2 + c b b 32 3b 3b
x
a
ea 2.81.- (e + 1) e dx , Sea: u = e , du = dx a x 4 4 x x x 1 1 au 3 3a(e a + 1) 3 3 xa a a a 3 3 e + e dx = e + e dx = a u du = + c = +c ( 1) 1 4 4 3 dx 2.82.- x , Sea: u = 2 x + 3, du = 2 x 2dx 2 +3 dx 1 3dx 1 2x + 3 2x 1 2x + 3 1 2x 1 1 du = = = dx dx dx = dx x x 2x + 3 3 2x + 3 3 2x + 3 3 2 +3 3 2 +3 3 3 u x 2 +3 1 1 1 1 1 = x u +c = x u +c = x +c 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2

a
a +1
2.83.-
e bx dx , 2.84.- Sea: u = e bx , du = be bx dx 2 bx 1 e bx e e bx 1 du 1 du 1 u 1 1 e2bx dx = 1 (ebx )2 dx = b 1 u 2 = b (1)(u 2 1) = 2b u + 1 + c =
1 e bx 1 +c. bx e +1 2b
et dt
2.85.-
1 e
2t
2t
e dt
1 e
et dt
1 (e )
t 2
du
1 u
2.86.- cos
x dx , du = 2 2 x x cos 2 dx = 2 cos udu = 2 s e n u + c = 2 s e n 2 + c 2.87.- s e n(a + bx)dx , Sea: u = a + bx, du = bdx

Sea: u =
x dx , 2
s e n(a + bx)dx = b s e n udu = b cos u + c = b cos(a + bx) + c

47
= arcs e n u + c = arcs e n et + c
Sea: u = et , du = et dt
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1
a x dx , Sea: u = a x , du = a x adx; a > 0 1 + a2 x a x dx a x dx 1 du 1 1 x = 1 + a 2 x 1 + (a x )2 = a 1 + u 2 = a arc gu + c = a arc ga + c
a1
.c o
2.88.- cos x
dx , x
Sea: u = x , du =
dx 2 x
dx = 2 cos udu = 2s e n u + c =2s e n x + c x dx dx 2.89.- s e n( x) , Sea: u = x, du = x x dx s e n( x) x = s e n udu = cos u + c = cos x + c Sea: u = 2ax, du = 2adx 2.90.- (cos ax + s e n ax) 2 dx ,
cos
(cos ax + s e n ax) dx = (cos ax + 2 cos ax s e n ax + s e n ax)dx = (1 + 2 cos ax s e n ax)dx = dx + 2 cos ax s e n axdx = dx + s e n 2axdx
2 2 2
1 cos 2ax + c 2a 2.91.- s e n 2 xdx ,

= x
Sea: u = 2 x, du = 2dx
sen
=
xdx =
1 cos 2 x 1 1 1 1 1 1 dx = dx cos 2 xdx = dx cos udu = x s e n u + c 2 2 2 2 4 2 4
1 1 x + s e n 2x + c 2 4 2.93.- sec 2 (ax + b)dx , =
sec (ax + b)dx = a sec 2.94.- co g axdx ,

2 2 2
1 1 udu = gu + c = g (ax + b) = + c a a Sea: u = ax, du = adx
co g axdx = a co g udu = a (cos ec u 1)du = a cos ec udu a du

2 2 2
Sea: u = ax + b, du = adx
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at
cos
em
xdx =
1 + cos 2 x 1 1 1 1 1 1 dx = dx + cos 2 xdx = dx + cos udu = x + s e n u + c 2 2 2 2 4 2 4
at
ic
1 1 x s e n 2x + c 2 4 2.92.- cos 2 xdx ,
Sea: u = 2 x, du = 2dx
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1
co gu u co gax a x co gax +c = +c = x+c a a a a a dx , Sea: u = x a , du = dx a 2.95.- x sen a dx s e n ax = cos ec ax dx = a cos ecudu = a cos ecu co gu + c
= = a cos ec x a co g x a + c
48
dx , Sea: u = 5 x , du = 5dx 4 3cos(5 x 4) dx 1 1 1 3cos(5 x 4 ) = 3 sec(5 x 4 )dx = 15 sec udu = 15 sec u + gu + c 1 = sec(5 x 4 ) + g (5 x 4 ) + c 15 dx , Sea: u = ax + b, du = adx 2.97.- s e n(ax + b) dx 1 1 s e n(ax + b) = cos ec(ax + b)dx = a cos ecudu = a cos ecu co gu + c 1 = cos ec(ax + b) co g (ax + b) + c a xdx 2.98.- , Sea: u = x 2 , du = 2 xdx cos 2 x 2 xdx 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 cos2 x2 = x sec x dx = 2 sec udu = 2 gu + c = 2 gx + c x dx x Sea: u = 2.99.- co g dx , , du = a b a b a b x x co g a b dx = (a b) co gudu = (a b) s e n u + c = (a b) s e n a b + c dx dx , Sea: u = x , du = 2.100.- g x 2 x x dx g x x = 2 gudu = 2 sec u + c = 2 sec x + c dx , Sea: u = x , du = dx 2.101.- x 5 5 g 5 dx g 5x = co g 5x dx = 5 co gudu = 5 s e n u + c = 5 s e n x 5 + c
2.96.-
1 2.102.- 1 dx , sen x 2
2 2
1 1 dx = (cos ecx 2 1) 2 dx = (cos ec 2 x 2 2 cos ecx 2 + 1)dx sen x 2 1 2 = cos ec 2 x 2dx 2 cos ecx 2dx + dx = cos ec 2udu cos ecudu + dx 2 2 1 = co gu 2 cos ecu co gu + x + c 2 1 = co gx 2 2 cos ecx 2 co gx 2 + x + c 2
Sea: u = x 2, du = 2dx
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2.103.-
dx , Sea: u = 2 x, du = 2dx s e n x cos x dx dx s e n x cos x = 1 s e n 2 x = 2 cos ec2 xdx = cos ecudu = cos ecu co gu + c 2 = cos ec 2 x co g 2 x + c
cos ax dx , Sea: u = s e n ax, du = a cos axdx s e n 5 ax cos ax 1 du 1 u 4 u 4 s e n 4 ax 1 dx c c = = + = + = +c = +c s e n 5 ax a u 5 a 4 4a 4a 4a s e n 4 ax
Sea: u = 1 2t 2 , du = 4tdt
2.104.-
2.105.- t s e n(1 2t 2 )dt ,
t s e n(1 2t
2.106.-
)dt =
1 1 1 s e n udu = cos u + c = cos(1 2t 2 ) + c 4 4 4
cos 2 x +c 2 gx Sea: u = gx, du = sec 2 xdx 2.109.- dx , 2 cos x 3 gx u2 2 3 2 3 1 2 2 cos2 xdx = gx sec xdx = u du = 3 + c = 3 u 2 + c = 3 g 2 x + c 2 x x 2.110.- cos a s e n a dx , Sea: u = 2 x , du = 2dx a 1 a a a cos ax s e n ax dx = 2 s e n 2ax dx = 4 s e n udu = 4 cos u + c = 4 cos 2ax + c Sea: u = 2t 3 3, du = 4tdt 2.111.- t co g (2t 2 3)dt ,
t co g (2t
3)dt =
1 1 1 co gudu = s e n u + c = s e n(2t 2 3) + c 4 4 4
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2.108.-
Sea: u = cos 2 x, du = 2s e n 2 xdx dx , cos 2 x s e n 2 x 1 1 s e n x cos x s e n x cos x 1 s e n 2 x 1 du 1 u 2 u2 = = +c = +c dx = dx = 4 2 cos 2 x cos 2 x 4 u 4 1 2 cos 2 x s e n 2 x
at
em
s e n x cos x
at
ic
3 2 3 g 3x sec 3x dx = 3 u du =
3u 4 3 g 4 ( x 3 ) +c = +c 4 4
a1
.c o
s e n 3x dx , Sea: u = 3 + cos 3x, du = 3s e n 3 xdx 3 + cos 3x s e n 3x 1 du 1 1 3 + cos 3xdx = 3 u = 3 u + c = 3 3 + cos 3x + c 2 x x x sec 2 3 dx , Sea: u = g ( x 3 ), du = 1 2.107.- g 3 3 3 sec ( 3 ) dx
50
2.112.-
x 3 dx , Sea: u = x 4 , du = 4 x3 dx 8 x +5 3 x dx x3 dx 1 du 1 1 u 5 x4 = = = g + c = g +c arc arc x8 + 5 ( x 4 )2 + ( 5)2 4 u 2 + ( 5)2 4 5 20 5 5

Sea: u = s e n 6 x, du = 6 cos 6 xdx
2.113.- s e n 3 6 x cos 6 xdx ,

3 s e n 6 x cos 6 xdx =
1 3 1 u4 u4 s e n4 6x u du = + c = + c = +c 6 6 4 24 24 5 + 3cos 2 x 2.114.- 1 + 3cos 2 x s e n 2 xdx , Sea: u = , du = 3s e n 2 xdx 2 1 + cos 2 x 3 + 3cos 2 x 2 1 + 3cos x s e n 2 xdx = 1 + 3( 2 ) s e n 2 xdx = 1 + 2 s e n 2 xdx
=
5 + 3cos 2 x 1 1 1u 2 2 3 +c = u 2 +c s e n 2 xdx = u 2 du = 2 3 33 9 2
3
2 5 + 3cos 2 x 2 = +c 9 2
2.115.- x 5 5 x 2 dx ,
6
Sea: u = 5 x 2 , du = 2 xdx
1 15 1u5 5 65 5(5 x 2 ) 5 x x dx = u du = + c = u + c = +c 5 2 26 12 12 5 1 + s e n 3x 2.116.- Sea: u = s e n 3x, du = 3dx; w = cos u, dw = s e n udu dx , cos 2 3x 1 + s e n 3x dx s e n 3x 1 1 senu 2 cos2 3x dx = cos2 3x + cos2 3xdx = 3 s ec udu + 3 cos2 u du 1 1 dw 1 1 1 1 1 1 = s ec 2udu 2 = gu + + c = gu + + c = g 3x + +c 3 3 w 3 3w 3 3cos u 3 3cos 3 x (cos ax + s e n ax) 2 Sea: u = ax, du = adx 2.117.- dx , s e n ax (cos ax + s e n ax) 2 cos 2 ax + 2 cos ax s e n ax + s e n 2 ax = dx dx s e n ax s e n ax
5 2
cos 2 ax cos ax s e n ax s e n 2 ax dx + 2 dx + dx s e n ax s e n ax s e n ax 1 s e n 2 ax = dx + 2 cos axdx + s e n axdx s e n ax dx = + 2 cos axdx s e n ax 1 2 = cos ecaxdx + 2 cos axdx = cos ecudu + cos udu a a
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1 2 1 2 cos ecu co gu + s e n u + c = cos ecax co gax + s e n ax + c a a a a 3 x 1 dx , Sea: u = x + 1, du = dx 2.118.- x +1 x3 1 2 2 2 2 x + 1 dx = ( x x + 1 x + 1)dx = x dx xdx + dx x + 1 dx du x3 x 2 = x 2 dx xdx + dx 2 = + x 2 x +1 + c u 3 2 2 cos ec 3xdx , Sea: u = b a co g 3 x, du = 3a cos ec 2 3 xdx 2.119.- b a co g 3 x =
cos ec 2 3 xdx 1 du 1 1 b a co g 3x = 3a u = 3a u + c = 3a b a co g 3x + c
x3 1 dx , 2.120.- 4 Sea: u = x 4 4 x + 1, du = (4 x3 4)dx x 4x + 1 3 x 1 1 (4 x3 4)dx 1 du 1 1 4 x 4 4 x + 1 dx = 4 x 4 4 x + 1 = 4 u = 4 u + c = 4 x 4 x + 1 + c 2 Sea: u = x 2 , du = 2 xdx 2.121.- xe x dx ,
(2 + 3x 2 ) 3 3dx 3 3dx 1 dx = (2 + 3 x 2 ) 2 dx 2 2 2 2 2 3 ( 2) + ( 3 x) 3 ( 2) + ( 3 x) 2 + 3x 3 du du dx 1 = (2 + 3 x 2 ) 2 dx = 3 2 2 2 2 2 (a ) + (u ) 3 (a ) + (u ) ( 2) + ( x 3) 2
2
du 1 du 3 u 1 = u + a2 + u2 + c arc g 2 2 2 a a (a ) + (u ) 3 3 a +u 3 x 3 3 = x 3 + 2 + 3 + x2 + c arc g 3 2 2 g 3 x co g 3x dx , Sea: u = 3x, du = 3dx; w = s e n u, dw = cos udu 2.123.- s e n 3x s e n 3 x cos 3 x dx g 3 x co g 3 x cos 3 x cos 3x s e n 3 x dx = = dx s e n 3x s e n 3x cos 3x s e n 2 3x dx = 3
2
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2.122.-
3 2 + 3x2 Sea: u = x 3, du = 3dx; a = 2 dx , 2 + 3x 2 1 3 2 + 3x 2 dx (2 + 3 x 2 ) 2 2 + 3x 2 dx = 3 ( 2)2 + ( 3x)2 2 + 3x 2 dx
at
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xe
x2
dx =
1 u 1 1 2 e du = eu + c = e x + c 2 2 2
52
= sec 3xdx
=
cos 3x 1 1 cos u 1 1 dw dx = sec udu du = sec udu 2 2 2 s e n 3x 3 3 sen u 3 3 w
1 1 w1 1 1 sec u + gu + c = sec 3x + g 3 x + +c 3 3 1 3 3s e n 3x dx x dx 2.124.- , Sea: u = , du = 2 2 ex dx dx x 2 2 x u u e x = (e x ) 12 = e 2 dx = 2 e du = 2e + c = 2e 2 + c = e x 2 + c = e x + c 1+ s e n x Sea: u = x + cos x, du = (1 s e n x)dx 2.125.- dx , x + cos x 1+ s e n x du x + cos x dx = u = u + c = x + cos x + c sec 2 xdx , Sea: u = gx, du = sec 2 xdx 2.126.- 2 g x2
sec 2 xdx
g x2
2
=
2
du u 2
2
= u + u 2 2 + c = gx + gx 2 2 + c
x x
sen x u a cos xdx = a du =
au as e n x +c = +c a a
2.129.-
x2 x +1
3
dx ,
3 ( x 2 + 1) 2 u3 ( x 2 + 1) 3 x 2 dx 1 du 1 u 3 x3 + 1 = ( x3 + 1) 13 = 3 u 13 = 3 2 + c = 2 + c = 2 + c = 2 + c 3 xdx 2.130.- , Sea: u = x 2 , du = 2 xdx 4 1 x xdx xdx 1 2 xdx 1 2 xdx 1 1 x 4 = 1 ( x2 )2 = 2 1 ( x 2 )2 = 2 1 (u )2 = 2 arcs e n u + c
Sea: u = x3 + 1, du = 3 x 2 dx
2 2 2
x 2 dx
1 arcs e n x 2 + c 2 2.131.- g 2 axdx ,

=
Sea: u = ax, du = adx
2.128.- a s e n x cos xdx ,
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Sea: u = s e n x, du = cos xdx
at
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dx
dx du u 1 1 1 = = +c = +c = +c 2 2 x( x) u u 1 x
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2.127.-
dx
Sea: u = x, du =
dx 2
53
g axdx = (sec
2
ax 1)dx = sec2 axdx dx =
1 1 sec 2 udu dx = gu x + c a a
1 = gax x + c a sec 2 xdx 2.132.- , 4 g 2 x
Sea: u = gx, du = sec 2 xdx
4 g x dx , Sea: u = x , du = dx 2.133.- a a cos x a dx cos x a = sec x a dx = a secudu = a sec u + gu + c = a sec x a + g x a + c

2 2 2
sec 2 xdx
u gx = arcs e n + c = arcs e n +c 2 2 2 u du
2.134.-
3
1+ x dx , x
4
Sea: u = 1 + x, du =
4 4
dx x
1+ x 1 u3 3u 3 3(1 + x) 3 3 dx = u du = + c = + c = +c x 4 4 4 3 dx dx , Sea: u = x 1, du = 2.135.- g x 1 2 x 1 x 1 dx du g x 1 x 1 = 2 gu u = 2 sec x 1 + c = 2 cos x 1 + c xdx 2.136.- , Sea: u = x 2 , du = 2 xdx s e n x2 xdx 1 du 1 1 s e n x 2 = 2 s e n u = 2 cos ecudu = 2 cos ecu co gu + c 1 = cos ecx 2 co gx 2 + c 2 s e n x cos x Sea: u = s e n x + cos x, du = (cos x s e n x)dx 2.137.- dx , s e n x + cos x s e n x cos x du s e n x + cos xdx = u = s e n x + cos x + c earc gx + x (1 + x 2 ) + 1 dx 2 xdx , Sea: u = arc gx, du = 2.138.- ; w = (1 + x 2 )d , dw = 2 2 1+ x 1+ x 1 + x2 earc gx + x (1 + x 2 ) + 1 earc gx dx x (1 + x 2 )dx dx = + + 2 2 2 1+ x 1+ x 1+ x 1 + x2 1 dx 1 w2 2 (1 + x 2 ) u u = eu du + wdw + = e + + gx + c = e + + arc gx + c arc 2 1 + x2 2 2 4
x 2 dx 2.139.- 2 , x 2
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x 2 dx 2 dx 1 x 2 x2 2 = (1 + x2 2 )dx = dx + 2 x2 2 = x + 2 2 2 x + 2 + c
= x+
2 x 2 +c 2 x+ 2
2
2.140.- es e n x s e n 2 xdx ,
sen x e s e n 2 xdx = e
2
Sea: u =
1 cos 2 x , du = s e n 2 xdx 2
2
1 cos 2 x 2
s e n 2 xdx = eu du = eu + c = es e n x + c
Sea: u =
2.141.-
(1 s e n sen
x 2 2
x 2 2
x 2
dx ,
x dx , du = 2 2
1 2s e n x2 + s e n 2 x2 dx = cos ec x2 dx 2 dx + s e n x2 dx s e n x dx = x e s n 2 2 = 2 cos ecudu 2 dx + 2 s e n udu = 2 cos ecu co gu 2 x 2 cos u + c
(1 s e n
= 2 cos ec
2.142.-
x 2
co g
2
x 2
2 x 2 cos
x 2
+c
5 3x 4 3x
dx = 5
dx , dx 3
Sea: u = x 3, du = 3dx; w = 4 3x 2 , dw = 6 xdx
5 3x 4 3x 2
xdx
a1 .c om
dx
2.143.-
ds , Sea: u = 1 + e s , du = e s ds e +1 ds e s ds du s = e s + 1 e s + 1 = u = u + c = e + 1 + c d 2.144.- , Sea: u = 2a , du = 2ad s e n a cos a d d 2 s e n a cos a = 12 s e n 2a = 2 cos ec2a d = 2a cos ecudu 1 1 = cos ecu co gu + c = cos ec 2a co g 2a + c a a s e 2.145.- Sea: u = e s , du = e s ds ds , 2s e 2 s e es du 2 ds = e2 s 2 (es )2 2 ds = u 2 2 = u + u 2 + c
s
= e s + (e s ) 2 2 + c = e s + e 2 s 2 + c
5 du 3 dw 5 u 1w2 5 3 x 3 + = +c = + 4 3x 2 + c arcs e n + arcs e n 2 2 1 6 2 2 3 2 w 3 3 2 u 2
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4 3x 2
4 3x 2
= 5
4 ( x 3) 2
xdx
4 3x2
55
2 t 2 t dt + 0 , du = T T T T T 2 t s e n( 2T t + 0 )dt = 2 s e n udu = 2 cos u + c = 2 cos( T + 0 ) + c arc cos x 2 x dx Sea: u = arc cos , du = 2.147.- dx , 2 2 4 x2 4 x arc cos x 2 u2 (arc cos x 2 ) 2 dx = udu = + c = +c 4 x2 2 2 dx dx , Sea: u = x, du = 2.148.- 2 x(4 x) x
t 2.146.- s e n( 2T + 0 )dt ,
Sea: u =
dx du 1 2+u 1 2 + x = 2 = +c = +c 2 2 u u x x) 2 4 2 4 2 x x 2 ( ) gx 2 2.149.- e sec xdx , Sea: u = gx, du = sec 2 xdx
x(4
e
gx
dx
sec 2 xdx = eu du = eu + c = e gx + c s e n x cos x

4
2.150.-
1 (s e n 2 x) = arcs e n +c 2 2 s ecx gx Sea: u = sec x, du = sec x gxdx 2.151.- dx , s ec 2 x + 1 s ecx gx du 2 2 s ec 2 x + 1dx = u 2 + 1 = u + u + 1 + c = s ecx + s ec x + 1 + c dt , Sea: u = 2t , du = 2dt 2.152.- 2 s e n t cos 2 t dt dt dt dt 2 s e n 2 t cos2 t = (s e n t cos t )2 = ( 1 s e n 2t )2 = 4 s e n 2 2t = 4 cos ec 2tdt 2 2 = 2 cos ec udu = 2 co gu + c = 2 co g 2t + c
2.153.- Sea:
dx ,
dx
2
u = arcs e n x, du =
1 x arc s e n x x 1 dw 1 1 dx = dx + dx = udu = udu w 2 dw 2 w 2 1 x2 1 x2
; w = 1 x 2 , dw = 2 xdx
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2sen x s e n x cos x s e n x cos x 1 du 1 u dx = dx = = arcs e n +c 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2sen x 2 (s e n x) 2u
dx ,
Sea: u = s e n 2 x, du = 2s e n x cos xdx
56
u2 1 w 2 (arcs e n x)2 +c = 1 x2 + c 1 2 2 2 2 xdx 2.154.- , Sea: t = x + 1 x = t 2 1; dx = 2tdt x +1 =

2 ( x + 1)3 xdx t3 (t 2 1)2tdt 2 = = = + = 2 x +1 + c t dt t c 2 ( 1) 2( ) x +1 t 3 3 2.155.- x(5 x 2 3)7 dx , Sea: u = 5 x 2 3, du = 10 xdx
2 7 x(5 x 3) dx =
1 1 u8 u8 (5 x 2 3)8 7 u du = + c = + c = +c 10 10 8 80 80
2
2.156.-
( x + x 2 + 1)
x +1 dx =
3
dx ,
Sea: u = ( x + x 2 + 1), du =
dx x2 + 1
( x + x 2 + 1)
x2 + 1
( x + x 2 + 1)
x2 + 1
dx =
u2 udu = +c 3 2
2 ( x + x 2 + 1) = +c 3 s e n3 x Sea: u = cos x, du = s e n xdx 2.157.- dx , cos x s e n3 x s e n 2 x s e n xdx (1 cos 2 x) s e n xdx s e n xdx cos 2 x s e n xdx = = = dx cos x cos x cos x cos x cos x 3 5 3 3 u2 u2 1 1 = cos 2 x s e n xdx cos 2 x s e n xdx = u 2 du + u 2 du = + +c 3 5 2 2 2u 2 2u 2 2 cos x 2 2 cos x 2 2 cos3 x 2 cos5 x = + +c = + +c = + +c 3 5 3 5 3 5 cos xdx , 2.158.- 1+ s e n2 x
Sea: t = 1 + s e n 2 x s e n 2 x = t 2 1; 2s e n x cos xdx = 2tdt t 2 cos xdx dt t 1 2 1+ s e n2 x = t = t 2 1 = 1+ s e n x + s e n x + c 2.159.-
(arcs e n x) 2 1 x
2
3 5 3
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dx ,
Sea: u = arcs e n x, du =
(arcs e n x)3 u3 +c = +c 3 3
dx 1 x2
(arcs e n x) 2 1 x2
x
dx = u 2 du =
2.150.- e x + e dx ,
Sea: u = ee , du = ee e x dx
x x
57
u 1 , du = 4dt 4 u 1 7 du 1 1 1 u9 1 u8 7 7 8 7 t (4 t 1) dt u ( u 1) u du ( u u ) du + = = = = +c 4 4 16 16 16 9 16 8 (4t + 1)9 (4t + 1)8 = +c 144 128 2t 2 10t + 12 Sea: u = t 2 + 4, du = du = 2tdt dt , 2.162.- 2 t +4 2t 2 10t + 12 t 2 5t + 6 dt dt 2 5t = 10 2 dt 2 1+ 2 dt = 2 dt + 4 2 t2 + 4 t 2 + 4 dt = 2 t +4 t +4 t +4 dt du t t = 2 dt + 4 2 5 = 2t + 2 arc g 2 5 u + c = 2t + 2 arc g 2 5 t2 + 4 + c t +4 u t t e e dt , 2.163.- t e + et Sea: u = e 2t + 1, du = 2e 2t dt ; w = 1 + e 2t , dw = 2e 2t dt
x+ex
dx = e x ee dx = du = u + c = ee + c
x x
2.161.- t (4t + 1)7 dt ,
Sea: u = 4t + 1 t =
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et e t et dt e t dt e 2t dt e 2t dt 1 du 1 dw dt = = et + et et + et et + et e2t + 1 1 + e2t = 2 u + 2 w 1 1 1 = ( u + w ) + c = uw + c = (e2t + 1)(1 + e 2t ) + c 2 2 2
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CAPITULO 3
INTEGRACION DE FUNCIONES TRIGONOMETRICAS
En esta parte, sern consideradas las integrales trigonomtricas de la forma: i) s e n m u cos n udu
ii) g mu secn udu
iii) co g mu cos ec nudu O bien, formas trigonomtricas reducibles a algunos de los casos ya sealados.
3.1.-Encontrar: cos 2 xdx
1 + cos 2 x 2 1 + cos 2x 1 1 x 1 Luego: cos 2 xdx = dx = dx + cos 2 xdx = + s e n 2 x + c , 2 2 2 2 4 1 Como: cosh xdx = s e nh x + c h 1 1 Respuesta: cos 2 xdx = x + s e n 2 x + c 2 4 4 1 3.2.-Encontrar: cos 2 xdx
Solucin.- cos 2 xdx =
Solucin.- cos 2 1 2 x = Luego: cos

=
4 1 2
1 + cos x 2
2 1 2
xdx = (cos
1 1 + cos x 2 x) dx = dx = (1 + 2 cos x + cos x)dx 2 4

2 2
1 1 1 dx + cos xdx + cos 2 xdx , como: cos 2 xdx = 1 x + 1 s e n 2 x + c 2 4 4 2 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 = dx + cos xdx + cos 2 xdx = x + s e n x + ( x + s e n 2 x) + c 4 2 4 4 2 4 2 4 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 = x + s e n x + x + s e n 2x + c = x + s e n x + s e n 2x + c 4 2 8 16 8 2 16 3 1 1 Respuesta: cos 4 1 x + s e n x + s e n 2x + c 2 xdx = 8 2 16 3 3.3.-Encontrar: cos xdx
Solucin.- cos3 xdx = cos x cos 2 xdx , como: cos 2 x = 1 s e n 2 x
w w
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= cos x cos 2 xdx = cos x(1 s e n 2 x)dx = cos xdx cos x s e n 2 xdx
= cos xdx cos x s e n 2 xdx = cos xdx u 2 du = s e n x
u3 s e n3 x + c = sen x +c 3 3
Respuesta: cos3 xdx = s e n x 3.4.-Encontrar: s e n x3 4 xdx
s e n3 x +c 3
Solucin.- s e n x3 4 xdx = s e n 4 x s e n 2 4 xdx , como: s e n 2 4 x = 1 cos 2 4 x Sea: u = cos 4 x, du = 4s e n 4 xdx

= s e n 4 xdx +
= s e n 4 x s e n 2 4 xdx = s e n 4 x(1 cos 2 4 x)dx = s e n 4 xdx s e n 4 x(cos 4 x) 2 dx
Solucin.- s e n 2 x cos3 xdx = s e n 2 x cos 2 x cos xdx = s e n 2 x(1 s e n 2 x) cos xdx

u3 u5 s e n3 x s e n5 x +c = +c 3 5 3 5 s e n3 x s e n5 x +c Respuesta: s e n 2 x cos3 xdx = 3 5 3.6.-Encontrar: s e n 3 x cos 2 xdx
= u 2 du u 4 du =
1 2 1 1 u3 cos 4 x cos3 4 x = + + = + +c u du cos 4 x c 4 4 4 3 4 12 cos 4 x cos3 4 x Respuesta: s e n x3 4 xdx = + +c 4 12 3.5.-Encontrar: s e n 2 x cos3 xdx
= s e n 2 x cos xdx s e n 4 x cos xdx ;
Solucin.- s e n 3 x cos 2 xdx = s e n 2 x s e n x cos 2 xdx = (1 cos 2 x) s e n x cos 2 xdx Sea: u = cos x, du = s e n xdx
= (1 cos 2 x ) s e n x cos 2 xdx = s e n x cos 2 xdx s e n x cos 4 xdx = s e n x cos 2 xdx s e n x cos 4 xdx = u 2 du + u 4 du = =
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u3 u5 + +c 3 5
cos3 x cos5 x + +c 3 5 cos3 x cos5 x + +c 3 5
Respuesta: s e n 3 x cos 2 xdx = 3.7.-Encontrar: s e n 2 x cos5 xdx
Solucin.- s e n 2 x cos5 xdx = s e n 2 x(cos 2 x) 2 cos xdx = s e n 2 x(1 s e n 2 x) 2 cos xdx

= s e n 2 x(1 2s e n 2 x + s e n 4 x) cos xdx
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= (s e n x) 2 cos xdx 2 (s e n x) 4 cos xdx + (s e n x)6 cos xdx

= u 2 du 2 u 4 du + u 6 du =
u3 u5 u7 s e n3 x s e n5 x s e n7 x 2 + +c = 2 + +c 3 5 7 3 5 7 s e n3 x s e n5 x s e n7 x 2 + +c Respuesta: s e n 2 x cos5 xdx = 3 5 7 3.8.-Encontrar: s e n 3 x cos3 xdx
Solucin.- s e n 3 x cos3 xdx = (s e n x cos x)3 dx ; como: s e n 2 x = 2s e n x cos x, Se tiene que: s e n x cos x =
s e n 2x ; Luego: 2
3
1 1 s e n 2x 3 2 = (s e n x cos x)3 dx = dx = s e n 2 xdx = s e n 2 x s e n 2 xdx 8 8 2 1 1 1 = s e n 2 x(1 cos 2 2 x)dx = s e n 2 xdx s e n 2 x(cos 2 x) 2 dx 8 8 8 Sea: u = cos 2 x, du = 2s e n 2 xdx 1 1 1 1 = s e n 2 xdx + 2s e n 2 x(cos 2 x) 2 dx = s e n 2 xdx + u 2 du 8 16 8 16 3 3 1 1 u 1 cos 2 x = cos 2 x + + c = cos 2 x + +c 16 16 3 16 48 1 cos3 2 x +c Respuesta: s e n 3 x cos3 xdx = cos 2 x + 16 48 3.9.-Encontrar: s e n 4 x cos 4 xdx
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1 s e n 2x 4 Solucin.- s e n x cos xdx = (s e n x cos x) dx = dx = s e n 2 xdx 16 2

4 4 4 2 2 1 1 1 cos 4 x 1 = (s e n 2 2 x) dx = (1 cos 4 x) dx dx = 16 16 2 16 4 1 1 1 1 = dx cos 4 xdx + cos 2 4 xdx (1 2 cos 4 x + cos 2 4 x)dx = 64 64 32 64 1 1 1 1 + cos8 x = dx cos 4 xdx + dx 64 32 64 2 1 1 1 1 = dx cos 4 xdx + dx + cos8 xdx 64 32 128 128 1 1 1 1 3x s e n 4 x s e n 8 x = x x+ + +c s e n 4x + s e n 8x + c = 64 128 128 1024 128 128 1024 1 s e n 8x Respuesta: s e n 4 x cos 4 xdx = 3x s e n 4 x + +c 128 8 3.10.-Encontrar: x(cos3 x 2 s e n 3 x 2 )dx ; Sea: u = x 2 , du = 2 xdx 2
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1 1 2 x(cos3 x 2 s e n 3 x 2 )dx = (cos3 u s e n 3 u )du 2 2 1 1 1 1 = cos3 udu s e n 3 udu = cos u cos 2 udu s e n u s e n 2 udu 2 2 2 2 1 1 = cos u (1 s e n 2 u )du s e n u (1 cos 2 u )du 2 2 1 1 1 1 = cos udu cos u s e n 2 udu s e n udu + s e n u cos 2 udu 2 2 2 2 Sea: w = s e n u, dw = cos udu; z = cos u, dz = s e n udu
x(cos
x 2 s e n 3 x 2 )dx =
1 1 1 1 2 1 1 w3 1 1 z3 2 = + +c cos udu w dw s e n udu z dz s e n u cos u 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 s e n u s e n 3 u cos u cos3 u 1 1 = + + c = (s e n u + cos u ) (s e n 3 u + cos3 u ) + c 2 6 2 6 2 6 3 3 2 Dado que: s e n u + cos u = (s e n u + cos u )(s e n u s e n u cos u + cos 2 )
=
O bien: s e n 3 u + cos3 u = (s e n u + cos u )(1 s e n u cos u ) ; Lo que equivale a: 1 1 = (s e n u + cos u ) (s e n u + cos u )(1 s e n u cos u ) + c 2 6 1 1 2s e n u cos u )+c = (s e n u + cos u ) (s e n u + cos u )(1 2 6 2 1 1 s e n 2u )+c = (s e n u + cos u ) (s e n u + cos u )(1 2 6 2 1 1 1 = (s e n u + cos u ) (s e n u + cos u ) (2 s e n 2u ) + c 2 6 2 1 1 = (s e n u + cos u )(6 (2 s e n 2u )) + c = (s e n u + cos u )(4 + s e n 2u ) + c 12 12 1 = (s e n x 2 + cos x 2 )(4 + s e n 2 x 2 ) + c 12 1 Respuesta: x(cos3 x 2 s e n 3 x 2 )dx = (s e n x 2 + cos x 2 )(4 + s e n 2 x 2 ) + c 12 3.11.-Encontrar: s e n 2 x cos 4 xdx
1 [s e n( ) + s e n( + )] ; Se tiene que: 2 1 1 s e n 2 x cos 4 x = [s e n(2 x 4 x) + s e n(2 x + 4 x) ] = [s e n(2 x) + s e n(6 x) ] 2 2 1 1 = [ s e n 2 x + s e n 6 x ] , Luego: s e n 2 x cos 4 xdx = ( s e n 2 x + s e n 6 x)dx 2 2 1 1 1 1 = s e n 2 xdx + s e n 6 xdx = cos 2 x cos 6 x + c 2 2 4 12 1 1 Respuesta: s e n 2 x cos 4 xdx = cos 2 x cos 6 x + c 4 12
Solucin.- s e n cos =
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3.12.-Encontrar: cos 3x cos 2 xdx

1 [cos( ) + cos( + )] ; Se tiene que: 2 1 1 cos 3x cos 2 x = [ cos(3x 2 x) + cos(3 x + 2 x) ] = [ cos x + cos 5 x ] , Luego: 2 2 1 1 1 = cos 3 x cos 2 xdx = [ cos x + cos 5 x ]dx = cos xdx + cos 5 xdx 2 2 2 1 1 = s e n x + s e n 5x + c 2 10 1 1 Respuesta: cos 3 x cos 2 xdx = s e n x + s e n 5 x + c 2 10 3.13.-Encontrar: s e n 5 x s e n xdx
Solucin.- cos cos =
Solucin.- g 4 xdx = g 2 x g 2 xdx ; como: g 2 = sec 2 x 1 ; Luego:

= g 2 x g 2 xdx = g 2 x(sec 2 x 1)dx = g 2 x sec2 xdx g 2 xdx = ( gx) 2 sec 2 xdx
s e n2 x 1 cos 2 x 2 2 dx gx xdx ( ) sec = cos2 x dx cos 2 x Sea: w = gx, dw = sec 2 xdx = ( gx) 2 sec 2 xdx sec 2 xdx + dx ; w3 g3 gx + x + c = gx + x + c 3 3 g3 gx + x + c Respuesta: g 4 xdx = 3 3.15.-Encontrar: sec6 xdx
= w2 dw sec 2 x + dx =
2
Solucin.- sec6 xdx = (sec2 x) 2 sec2 xdx ; como: sec 2 xdx = 1 + g 2 x

= (sec 2 x) 2 sec 2 xdx = (1 + g 2 x) sec 2 xdx = (1 + 2 g 2 x + g 4 x) sec 2 xdx
= sec 2 xdx + 2 ( gx) 2 sec 2 xdx + ( gx) 4 sec 2 xdx ;
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1 [ cos( ) cos( + )] ; Se tiene que: 2 1 1 s e n 5 x s e n x = [ cos(5 x x) cos(5 x + x) ] = [ cos 4 x cos 6 x ] ; Luego: 2 2 1 1 1 = s e n 5 x s e n xdx = [ cos 4 x cos 6 x ] = cos 4 xdx cos 6 xdx 2 2 2 1 1 = s e n 4x s e n 6x + c 8 12 1 1 Respuesta: s e n 5 x s e n xdx = s e n 4 x s e n 6 x + c 8 12 4 3.14.-Encontrar: g xdx
Solucin.- s e n s e n =
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Sea: u = gx, du = sec2 xdx
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2 1 2 1 = sec 2 xdx + 2 u 2 du + u 4 du = gx + u 3 + u 5 + c = gx + g 3 x + g 5 x + c 3 5 3 5 2 1 Respuesta: sec6 xdx = gx + g 3 x + g 5 x + c 3 5 3 3.16.-Encontrar: g 2 xdx

Solucin.3 2 2 2 g 2 xdx = g 2 x g 2 xdx = g 2 x(sec 2 x 1)dx = g 2 x sec 2 xdx g 2 xdx Luego:
=
Sea: u = g 2 x, du = 2sec 2 2 xdx ;

2
1 1u 1 g 2 2x 1 1 = + = +c udu g 2 xdx sec 2 x c 2 2 2 2 4 2 cos 2 x
Respuesta: g 3 2 xdx =
2
g 2 2x 1
4
1 +c cos 2 x
3.17.-Encontrar: g 5 xdx
Luego:
1 2 1 u du 3 g 3 x sec 3 xdx ; como: d (sec 3x) = 3 g 3x sec 3xdx , se admite: 3 3 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 u du d (sec3 x) = u 3 sec3 x + c = sec3 3 x sec3 x + c 3 3 9 3 9 3 1 1 Respuesta: g 3 3x sec 3xdx = sec3 3x sec 3 x + c 9 3 3 4 2 3.19.-Encontrar: g x sec xdx
Solucin.- g 2 x sec4 xdx = g 2 x(sec2 x) sec 2 xdx = g 2 x(1 + g 2 x) sec2 xdx

3 3 3
= ( gx) 2 sec 2 xdx + ( gx) 2 sec 2 xdx ;

3 7
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3 7 2 5 2 9 2 5 2 9 Luego: u 2 du + u 2 du = u 2 + u 2 + c = g 2 x + g 2 + c 5 9 5 9 3 2 5 2 9 Respuesta: g 2 x sec4 xdx = g 2 x + g 2 + c 5 9 4 4 3.20.-Encontrar: g x sec xdx
Solucin.- g 4 x(sec 2 x) sec 2 xdx = g 4 x(1 + g 2 x ) sec 2 xdx
= ( gx) 4 sec2 xdx + ( gx)6 sec 2 xdx ;
at
= (sec 3 x) 2 g 3 x sec 3 xdx g 3 x sec 3 xdx ; Sea: u = sec 3x, du = 3sec 3 x g 3 xdx
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Solucin.- g 3 3x sec 3xdx = g 2 3x g 3 x sec3 xdx = ( sec2 3x 1) g 3x sec 3xdx
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1 Solucin.- g 2 5 xdx = (sec 2 5 x 1)dx = sec 2 5 xdx dx = g 5 x x + c 5 1 2 Respuesta: g 5 xdx = g 5 x x + c 5 3 3.18.-Encontrar: g 3x sec 3xdx
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u5 u7 g5x g7 x + +c = + +c 5 7 5 7 g5x g7x + +c Respuesta: g 4 x sec 4 xdx = 5 7 3.21.-Encontrar: co g 3 x co sec 4 xdx
Luego: u 4 du + u 6 du =
Como: cos ec 2 x = 1 + co g 2 x ; Luego:
Solucin.- co g 3 x co sec 4 xdx = co g 3 x(co sec 2 x) co sec2 xdx
co g
x(1 + co g 2 x) co sec 2 xdx = co g 3 x co sec 2 xdx + co g 5 x co sec 2 xdx
Sea: u = co gx, du = cos ec 2 xdx ,

u4 u6 co g 4 x co g 6 x +c = +c 4 6 4 6 co g 4 x co g 6 x +c Respuesta: co g 3 x co sec 4 xdx = 4 6 3.22.-Encontrar: co g 3x co sec 4 3xdx
Luego: u 3 du u 5 du =
Solucin.- co g 3x co sec 4 3 xdx = co g 3x(co sec 2 3 x) co sec 2 3 xdx Luego:

2
Solucin.- co sec 2 2 x co sec 2 2 xdx = (1 + co g 2 2 x) co sec 2 2 xdx
1 1 3 u u co g 3x co g 4 3x = + = +c udu u du c 3 3 6 12 6 12 co g 2 3x co g 4 3 x +c Respuesta: co g 3x co sec 4 3xdx = 6 12 3.23.-Encontrar: co sec 4 2 xdx
co sec
2 xdx + co g 2 2 x co sec 2 2 xdx ;
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1 2 1 u3 co g 2 x co g 3 2 x u du = g x + c = +c co 2 2 2 3 2 6 co g 2 x co g 3 2 x +c Respuesta: co sec 4 2 xdx = 2 6 3.24.-Encontrar: co g 3 x co sec3 xdx
Luego: co sec 2 2 xdx
Solucin.- co g 3 x co sec3 xdx = co g 2 x co sec2 x co gx co sec xdx
Como: co g 2 x = co sec 2 x 1 ;
Sea: u = cos ecx, du = cos ecx co gxdx ;
= (co sec4 x co gx co sec xdx co sec2 x co gx co sec xdx
Luego: (co sec 2 x 1) co sec 2 x co gx co sec xdx
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Sea: u = co g 3 x, du = 3cos ec 2 3 xdx ;
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co g 3x(1 + co g
3x) co sec 2 3xdx = co g 3x co sec 2 3xdx + co g 3 3 x co sec 2 3 xdx
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u5 u3 cos ec5 x cos ec3 x + +c = + +c 5 3 5 3 cos ec5 x cos ec3 x + +c Respuesta: co g 3 x co sec3 xdx = 5 3 3.25.-Encontrar: co g 3 xdx
Entonces: u 4 du + u 2 du =
Solucin.- co g 3 xdx = co g 2 x co gxdx = (cos ec 2 x 1) co gxdx

= cos ec 2 x co gxdx co gxdx ;
Sea: u = co gx, du = cos ec 2 xdx
Luego: udu co gxdx =
u2 co g 2 x sen x + c = sen x + c 2 2 co g 2 x 3 sen x + c Respuesta: co g xdx = 2
Usando esencialmente el mecanismo tratado, encontrar las siguientes integrales: dx 3.26.- g 2 5 xdx 3.27.- s e n x cos xdx 3.28.- sec 2 x 3 x x cos 2 x 3.31.- g 2 3 3.30.- cos x s e n xdx sec 2 3 dx 3.29.- dx cos x x s e n 2x 3.33.- s e n 2 6 dx 3.32.- g 3 4 x sec 4 xdx 3.34.- dx sen x x x 3.36.- sec3 4 g 4 dx 3.37.- g 4 2 x sec 4 2 xdx 3.35.- (sec x + cos ecx) 2 dx
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3.38.- s e n 8 x s e n 3 xdx
4
3.39.- cos 4 x cos 5 xdx

cos3 x dx s e n4 x
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3.40.- s e n 2 x cos 3xdx 3.43.- cos ec 4 3xdx
sec x 3.41.- dx gx x x 3.44.- ( g 3 3 + g4 3 )dx
w w
3.42.-
x 3.45.- co g 3 3 dx
x 3.46.- co g 4 6 dx
3.47.-
dx s e n x cos x dx 3.50.- cos 6 4 x

5
x 3.53.- s e n 5 2 dx x x 3.56.- s e n 3 2 cos5 2 dx
cos 2 x dx s e n6 x cos3 x 3.51.- dx 1 s e n x 3.54.- 1 cos xdx
3.48.-
3.49.-
dx s e n x cos 4 x
2
x 3.52.- cos3 7 dx
3.55.-
dx cos ec 4
x 3
3.59.-
1 cos 2 x dx 1 + cos 2 x
3.57.- s e n 2 x cos 2 xdx

cos3 x 3.60.- dx sen x 3.63.- cos 4 xdx
3.58.- s e n 4 x cos 2 xdx 3.61.- s e n 3 2 xdx
3.62.- s e n 2 2 x cos 2 2 xdx
3.64.- g 4 x sec 2 xdx
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3.65.- g 3 x sec xdx
3.68.- co g 2 2 x cos ec 2 2 xdx
3.66.- sec6 a d 3.69.-

s e n3 x dx cos 2 x cos3 x dx 3.72.- s e n2 x 3.75.- s e n 6 xdx
3.70.- sec 4 3x g 3xdx 3.73.-

dx s e n4 x
3.67.- sec xdx
3.71.- sec n x gxdx;(n 0) 3.74.- g n x sec 2 xdx;(n 1)
3.77.- s e n n x cos xdx;(n 1) 3.83.- cos 2 n +1 xdx
3.80.- cos x n s e n xdx;(n 1)
3.78.- co g n axdx 3.81.- g n xdx
3.79.- co g 4 3 xdx 3.82.- g 4 xdx
3.76.- s e n 4 axdx
RESPUESTAS
1 3.26.- g 2 5 xdx = (sec 2 5 x 1)dx = sec 2 5 xdx + dx = g 5 x x + c 5 1 1 1 3.27.- s e n x cos xdx = 2s e n x cos xdx = s e n 2 xdx = cos 2 x + c 2 2 4 dx 1 3.28.- = cos 2 xdx = s e n 2 x + c sec 2 x 2 2 cos 2 x cos x s e n 2 x cos 2 x s e n2 x 3.29.- dx = dx = dx dx cos x cos x cos x cos x 1 cos 2 x dx dx = cos xdx + cos xdx = 2 cos xdx sec xdx cos x cos x = 2s e n x sec x + gx + c
3.30.- cos x s e n 3 xdx = cos x s e n 2 x s e n xdx = cos x (1 cos 2 x) s e n xdx

1 5 5 1 2 3 2 7 2 2 Sea: u = cos x, du = s e n xdx ; Luego: u du + u du = u 2 + u 2 + c 3 7 2 3 2 7 2 2 cos3 x + cos 7 x + c = cos 2 + cos 2 + c = 3 7 3 7 2 2 = cos x cos x + cos x 3 cos x + c 3 7 1 x x x 2 x x x 3.31.- g 2 3 sec2 3 dx = ( g 3 ) sec 2 3 dx ; Sea: u = g 3 dx , du = sec2 3 3 x 2 1 x x 3 ( g 3 ) 3 sec 2 3 dx = 3 u 2 du = u 3 + c = g 3 3 +c
= cos x s e n xdx cos x cos 2 x s e n xdx = cos 2 x s e n xdx cos 2 x s e n xdx
3.32.- g 3 4 x sec 4 xdx = ( g 2 4 x) g 4 x sec 4 xdx = (sec 2 4 x 1) g 4 x sec 4 xdx
= sec 2 4 x g 4 x sec 4 xdx g 4 x sec 4 xdx ; Sea: u = sec 4 x, du = 4sec 4 x g 4 xdx
w w
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= cos xdx
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1 2 1 1 u3 1 sec3 4 x sec 4 x = + = +c u du du u c 4 4 4 3 4 12 4 x x 1 cos 2 6 1 cos 3 1 1 x x 3.33.- s e n 2 6 dx = dx = dx = dx cos 3 dx 2 2 2 2 1 3 x = x s en 3 +c 2 2 s e n 2x 2 s e n x cos x dx = 2 cos xdx = 2s e n x + c dx = 3.34.- sen x sen x
=
3.35.- (sec x + cos ecx) 2 dx = (sec 2 x + 2sec x cos ecx + cos ec 2 x)dx
1 1 dx + cos ec 2 xdx cos x s e n x dx dx = sec 2 xdx + 2 2 + cos ec 2 xdx = sec 2 xdx + 4 + cos ec 2 xdx 2 cos x s e n x s e n 2x 2 2 = sec xdx + 4 cos ec 2 xdx + cos ec xdx
= sec 2 xdx + 2 sec x cos ecxdx + cos ec 2 xdx = sec 2 xdx + 2 = gx + 4
cos ec 2 x co g 2 x co gx + c
= gx + 2 cos ec 2 x co g 2 x co gx + c
x x x Sea: u = sec 4 , du = 1 4 sec 4 g 4 dx ,
= ( g 2 x) 4 sec 2 2 xdx + ( g 2 x)6 sec 2 2 xdx
Sea: u = g 2 x, du = 2sec 2 2 xdx , Luego: 1 1 1 1 = ( g 2 x) 4 2sec 2 2 xdx + ( g 2 x )6 2sec 2 2 xdx = u 4 du + u 6 du 2 2 2 2 5 7 5 7 1u 1u g 2x g 2x = + +c = + +c 2 5 2 7 10 14 3.38.- s e n 8 x s e n 3 xdx Considerando: s e n s e n = Luego: s e n 8 x s e n 3 x =
1 [cos( ) cos( + )] 2
1 (cos 5 x cos11x) ; Se tiene: 2 1 1 1 s e n 5 x s e n11x = (cos 5 x cos11x)dx = cos 5 xdx cos11xdx = +c 2 2 2 10 22 3.39.- cos 4 x cos 5 xdx
Considerando: cos cos =
1 [cos( ) + cos( + )] 2 68
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Luego: 4 u 2 du = 4
x 4sec3 4 u3 +c = +c 3 3 3.37.- g 4 2 x sec4 2 xdx = g 4 2 x(sec2 2 x) sec 2 2 xdx = g 4 2 x(1 + g 2 2 x) sec 2 2 xdx
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x x x x x 3.36.- sec3 4 g 4 dx = (sec 2 4 ) sec 4 g 4 dx
1 Luego: cos 4 x cos 5 x = (cos( x) + cos 9 x) ; 2 1 Como: cos( x) = cos x (cos x + cos 9 x) ; entonces: 2 1 1 1 cos 4 x cos 5 xdx = 2 ( cos x + cos 9 x)dx = 2 cos xdx + 2 cos 9 xdx s e n x s e n 9x = + +c 2 18 3.40.- s e n 2 x cos 3 xdx
Considerando: s e n cos = Luego: s e n 2 x cos 3x =
1 [s e n( ) + s e n( + )] 2
Sea: u = co gx, du = cos ec 2 xdx
Luego: cos ec 2 xdx u 2 du = co gx 3.42.-
cos3 x cos3 x 1 = dx dx = co g 3 x cos ecxdx 4 3 sen x sen x sen x 2 = (co g x) co gx cos ecxdx = (cos ec 2 x 1) co gx cos ecxdx =
Sea: u = cos ecx, du = cos ecx co gxdx Luego: u 2 du + du =
= cos ec 2 x co gx cos ecxdx co gx cos ecxdx
u3 cos ec 3 x +u+c = + cos ecx + c 3 3 3.43.- cos ec 4 3xdx = (cos ec 2 3 x) cos ec 2 3 xdx = (1 + co g 2 3 x) cos ec 2 3 x) dx
Sea: u = co g 3 x, du = 3cos ec 2 3 xdx

2
= cos ec 2 3xdx + co g 2 3 x cos ec 2 3 xdx
1 2 1 1 3 co g 3 x co g 3 3x +c Luego: cos ec 3 xdx u du = co g 3 x u + c = 3 3 9 3 9
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4 sec x 3.41.- dx = gx
4 4 1 = = dx cos ec xdx = cos ec 2 x cos ec 2 xdx sen x sen x cos x 2 2 = (1 + co g x) cos ec xdx = cos ec 2 xdx + co g 2 x cos ec 2 xdx
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1 [s e n( x) + s e n 5 x ] 2 1 Como: s e n( x) = s e n x ( s e n x + s e n 5 x) ; entonces: 2 1 1 1 s e n 2 x cos 3xdx = 2 ( s e n x + s e n 5 x)dx = 2 s e n xdx + 2 s e n 5 xdx 1 1 = cos x cos 5 x + c 2 10
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x x x x x x x x 3.44.- ( g 3 3 + g 4 3 )dx = g 3 3 dx + g 4 3 dx = ( g 2 3 ) g 3 dx + ( g 2 3 ) g 2 3 dx x x x x = (sec 2 3 1) g 3 dx + (sec 2 3 1) g 2 3 dx
x x x x x x = sec 2 3 g 3 dx g 3 dx + (sec 2 3 ) g 2 3 dx g 2 3 dx
x x x x x x = sec 2 3 g 3 dx g 3 dx + (sec 2 3 ) g 2 3 dx (sec2 3 1)dx
x x x x x x = sec 2 3 g 3 dx g 3 dx + (sec 2 3 ) g 2 3 dx sec 2 3 dx + dx
1 x x Sea: u = g 3 dx , du = sec 2 3 3 x x Luego: 3 udu g 3 dx + 3 u 2 du sec 2 3 dx + dx 3 3 x x x x x x = u 2 3 sec 3 + u 3 3 g 3 + x + c = g2 3 3 sec 3 + g3 3 3 g 3 + x+c 2 2 x x x x x dx = (co g 2 3 ) co g 3 dx = (cos ec 2 3 1) co g 3 dx 3.45.- co g 3 3
1 x x Sea: u = co g 6 dx , du = cos ec 2 6 6 x x dx + dx = 2u 3 + 6 co g 6 + x+c Luego: 6 u 2 du cos ec 2 6
x x = 2 co g 3 6 + 6 co g 6 + x+c dx 3.47.- ; Como: s e n 2 x + cos 2 x = 1 , 5 s e n x cos x s e n 2 x + cos 2 x dx cos xdx dx = Luego: + 5 3 s e n x cos x s e n x cos x s e n5 x s e n 2 x + cos 2 x cos xdx dx cos xdx cos xdx dx + = = + + 3 5 3 s e n x cos x sen x s e n x cos x sen x s e n5 x dx = + (s e n x) 3 cos xdx + (s e n x) 5 cos xdx s e n x cos x dx = + (s e n x) 3 cos xdx + (s e n x) 5 cos xdx s e n 2x 2 = 2 cos ec 2 xdx + (s e n x) 3 cos xdx + (s e n x) 5 cos xdx ()
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x x x = cos ec 2 6 co g 2 6 dx cos ec 2 6 dx + dx
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x x x x x x = cos ec 2 6 co g 2 6 dx co g 2 6 dx = cos ec 2 6 co g 2 6 dx (cos ec 2 6 1)dx
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1 x x x x x x = cos ec 2 3 co g 3 dx co g 3 dx ; Sea: u = cos ec 3 , du = cos ec 3 co g 3 dx 3 x x x x x Luego: 3 (cos ec 3 dx = 3 udu co g 3 dx )( 1 cos ec 3 co g 3 )dx co g 3 3 x 3cos ec 2 3 3u 2 x x = 3 sen 3 +c = 3 sen 3 +c 2 2 x x x x x dx = (co g 2 6 ) co g 2 6 dx = (cos ec 2 6 1) co g 2 6 dx 3.46.- co g 4 6
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70
Sea: u = s e n x, du = cos xdx ,
Luego:
1 1 4 +c 2 2u 4u
() = 2 cos ec 2 xdx + u 3 du + u 5 du = cos ec 2 x co g 2 x

= cos ec 2 x co g 2 x
1 1 +c 2 2s e n x 4s e n 4 x cos ec 2 x cos ec 4 x = cos ec 2 x co g 2 x +c 2 4 cos 2 x cos 2 x 1 = dx dx = co g 2 x cos ec 4 xdx 3.48.- 6 2 4 sen x sen x sen x 2 2 = co g x(cos ec x) cos ec 2 xdx = co g 2 x(1 + co g 2 x) cos ec 2 xdx
= co g 2 x cos ec 2 xdx + co g 4 x cos ec 2 xdx
Sea: u = co gx, du = cos ec 2 xdx ,

u3 u5 co g 3 x co g 5 x +c = +c 3 5 3 5 dx s e n 2 + cos 2 x dx dx dx = 3.49.- = + 2 4 2 4 4 2 s e n x cos x s e n x cos x cos x s e n x cos 2 x dx dx dx = sec 4 xdx + = sec 4 xdx + = sec 4 xdx + 4 2 s e n 2x 2 (s e n x cos x) s e n2 2x ( ) 2 4 2 2 2 = sec xdx + 4 cos ec 2 xdx = sec x sec xdx + 4 cos ec 2 2 xdx
Luego: u 2 du u 4 du =
w .M
Sea: u = gx, du = sec 2 xdx ,
at
= (1 + g 2 x) sec2 xdx + 4 cos ec 2 2 xdx = sec2 xdx + g 2 x sec 2 xdx + 4 cos ec 2 2 xdx
em
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ic
Luego: sec 2 xdx + u 2 du + 4 cos ec 2 2 xdx = gx +

= gx +
2 co g 2 x + c 3 dx 3.50.- = sec6 4 xdx = (sec 2 4 x)2 sec2 4 xdx = (1 + g 2 4 x)2 sec2 4 xdx 6 cos 4 x = (1 + 2 g 2 4 x + g 4 4 x) sec 2 4 xdx = sec 2 4 xdx + 2 ( g 4 x ) 2 sec 2 4 xdx + ( g 4 x) 4 sec 2 4 xdx
g3x
Sea: u = g 4 x, du = 4sec 2 4 xdx ,

2 sec 4 xdx +
1 2 1 4 g 4x 1 u3 1 u5 g 4x g 3 4x g 5 4x u du + u du = + + + c = + + +c 2 4 4 2 3 4 5 4 6 20 cos3 x cos3 x(1 + s e n x) cos 3 x(1 + s e n x) 3.51.- dx dx = dx = 1 s e n x 1 s e n2 x cos 2 x

= cos x(1 + s e n x)dx = cos xdx + cos x s e n xdx = cos xdx +
Luego:
a1
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u3 2 co g 2 x + c 3
1 s e n 2 xdx 2
71
1 = s e n x cos 2 x + c 4 x x x x x dx = (cos 2 7 ) cos 7 dx = (1 s e n 2 7 ) cos 7 dx 3.52.- cos3 7

x x x = cos 7 dx s e n 2 7 cos 7 dx x x Sea: u = s e n 7 dx , du = 1 cos 7 7 x x Luego: = cos 7 dx 7 u 2 du =7 s e n 7
7u 3 7 x x + c = 7sen 7 s e n3 7 +c 3 3 x x 2 x x 2 x dx = (s e n 2 2 ) sen 2 dx = (1 cos 2 2 ) sen 2 dx 3.53.- s e n 5 2
x x x x x x x x = (1 2 cos 2 2 + cos 4 2 )se n 2 dx = s e n 2 dx 2 cos 2 2 sen 2 dx + cos 4 2 sen 2 dx
1 x x dx , Sea: u = cos 2 , du = s e n 2 2
Luego:
4u 3 2u 5 +c 3 5
x x = sen 2 + dx + 4 u 2 du 2 u 4 du = 2 cos 2 x = 2 cos 2 + x x 4 cos3 2 2 cos5 2 +c 3 5 1 cos xdx
3.54.-
em at
Se tiene: s e n 2
ic
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Considerando: s e n 2 =
x 2
x x x Luego: 2s e n 2 2 dx = 2 s e n 2 dx = 2 2 cos 2 +c
w .M
at
1 cos 2 , y 2 = x 2 1 cos 2 x ; adems: 1 cos x = 2s e n 2 = 2
om
x 2
dx 1 cos 23x 4 x 2 x 2 3.55.- s n (s n ) = = = e dx e dx 3 3 dx x cos ec 4 3 2 1 1 1 1 = (1 2 cos 23x + cos 2 23x )dx = dx cos 23x dx + cos 2 23x dx 4 4 2 4 4x 1 + cos 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 = dx cos 23x dx + dx = dx cos 23x dx + (1 + cos 43x )dx 4 2 4 2 4 2 8 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 = dx cos 23x dx + dx + cos 43x dx = dx cos 23x dx + cos 43x dx 4 2 8 8 8 2 8 2x 4x 3s e n 3s e n 3 13 13 3 3 3 = x + +c s e n 23x + s e n 43x + c = x 8 22 84 8 4 32 x x x x x x x x 3.56.- s e n 3 2 cos5 2 dx = s e n 2 s e n2 2 cos5 2 dx = s e n 2 (1 cos 2 2 ) cos5 2 dx
x x x x = sen 2 cos5 2 dx cos 7 2 sen 2 dx
1 x x Sea: u = cos 2 , du = s e n 2 dx 2
72
Luego: 2 u 5 du + 2 u 7 du =
2 2
x x cos 6 2 cos8 2 2u 6 2u 8 u 6 u8 + +c = + +c = + +c 6 8 3 4 3 4
1 s e n 2x 2 3.57.- s e n x cos xdx = (s e n x cos x) dx = dx = s e n 2 xdx 2 4 1 1 cos 4 x 1 1 1 x 1 dx = (1 cos 4 x)dx = dx cos 4 xdx = s e n 4 x + c = 4 2 8 8 8 8 32 4 2 2 2 2 3.58.- s e n x cos xdx = (s e n x cos x) s e n xdx = (s e n x cos x) 2 s e n 2 xdx
2
1 s e n 2 x 1 cos 2 x 1 cos 2 x 2 = dx = s e n 2 x dx 2 4 2 2 1 1 1 1 cos 4 x 1 = s e n 2 2 xdx s e n 2 2 x cos 2 xdx = dx s e n 2 2 x cos 2 xdx 8 8 8 2 8 1 1 1 = dx cos 4 xdx s e n 2 2 x cos 2 xdx() 16 16 8 Sea: u = s e n 2 x, du = 2 cos 2 xdx , luego:
2
3.60.-
Sea: u = s e n x, du = cos xdx , luego:

() = u 2 du u 2 du = 2u 2
1
3 1
cos3 x 1 1 dx = (s e n x) 2 cos3 xdx = (s e n x) 2 cos 2 x cos xdx sen x 3 1 1 = (s e n x) 2 (1 s e n 2 x) cos xdx = (s e n x) 2 cos xdx s e n 2 x cos xdx()
2 s e n5 x +c 5 3.61.- s e n 3 2 xdx = s e n 2 2 x s e n 2 xdx = (1 cos 2 2 x) s e n 2 xdx
Sea: u = cos 2 x, du = 2s e n 2 xdx , luego:

() = s e n 2 x + 1 u2 1 1 u3 1 u3 = + + = + +c du cos 2 x c cos 2 x 2 2 2 2 3 2 6 1 (cos3 2 x) = cos 2 x + +c 2 6
= s e n 2 xdx cos 2 2 x s e n 2 xdx()
1 1 1 1 1 1 u3 2 = +c dx cos 4 xdx u du x s e n 4 x 16 16 16 16 64 16 3 1 s e n 4x s e n3 2x = x +c 16 64 48 1 cos 2 x 1 cos 2 x s e n2 x 2 3.59.- dx = dx = dx = g 2 xdx = (sec 2 x 1)dx 2 + 1 cos 2 x 1 + cos 2 x cos x 2 = sec 2 xdx dx = gx x + c () =
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73
1 1 cos 4 x 1 + cos 4 x 2 3.62.- s e n 2 2 x cos 2 2 xdx = dx = (1 cos 4 x)dx 2 2 4 1 1 1 1 1 + cos8 x 1 1 = dx cos 2 4 xdx = dx dx = dx (1 + cos8 x)dx 4 4 4 4 2 4 8 1 1 1 1 1 x s e n 8x = dx dx cos8 xdx = dx cos8 xdx = +c 4 8 8 8 8 8 64 1 1 + cos 2 x 2 3.63.- cos xdx = (cos x) dx = dx = (1 + cos 2 x) dx 2 4 1 1 1 1 = (1 + 2 cos 2 x + cos 2 x)dx = dx + cos 2 xdx + cos 2 2 xdx 4 4 2 4 1 1 1 1 + cos 4 x 1 1 1 = dx + cos 2 xdx + dx = dx + cos 2 xdx + (1 + cos 4 x)dx 4 2 4 2 4 2 8 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 = dx + cos 2 xdx + dx + cos 4 xdx = dx + cos 2 xdx + cos 4 xdx 4 2 8 8 8 2 8 3 1 1 = x + s e n 2x + s e n 4x + c 8 4 32 4 2 3.64.- g x sec xdx
2 4 2 2
Sea: u = sec x, du = sec x gxdx Luego: u 2 du du =
u3 sec3 x u +c = sec x + c 3 3 3.66.- sec6 a d = sec 4 a sec 2 a d = (sec 2 a ) 2 sec 2 a d
= (1 + g 2 a ) 2 sec 2 a d = (1 + 2 g 2 a + g 4 a ) sec 2 a d
= sec 2 a d + 2 g 2 a sec 2 a d + g 4 a sec 2 a d
Sea: u = ga , du = a sec 2 a d ,
1 2 2 1 4 1 2u 3 u 5 1 2 g 3 a g 5 a + + = + + + = + + +c du u du u du u c ga a a a a 3 5 a 3 5 sec x( gx + sec x)dx sec x gx + sec 2 x 3.67.- sec xdx = dx = gx + sec x gx + sec x Sea: u = sec x + gx, du = (sec x gx + sec 2 x)dx du = u + c = sec x + gx + c Luego: u
Luego:
w .M
= (sec 2 x) gx sec xdx gx sec xdx
at
em at
ic
Luego: u 4 du =
u5 g5x +c = +c 5 5 3.65.- g 3 x sec xdx = g 2 x gx sec xdx = (sec 2 x 1) gx sec xdx
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74
3.68.- co g 2 2 x cos ec 2 2 xdx Luego:
Sea: u = co g 2 x, du = 2 cos ec 2 2 xdx
1 2 u3 co g 3 2 x = + = +c u du c 2 6 6 s e n3 x s e n 2 x s e n xdx (1 cos 2 x) s e n xdx s e n xdx 3.69.- dx = = = s e n xdx 2 2 2 cos x cos x cos x cos 2 x Sea: u = cos x, du = s e n xdx , 1 1 Luego: u 2 du s e n xdx = + cos x + c = + cos x + c = sec x + cos x + c u cos x 3.70.- sec 4 3 x g 3xdx = sec3 3x(sec 3x g 3x)dx
Sea: u = sec 3x, du = 3sec3 x g 3xdx Luego:
1 3 1 u4 u4 sec 4 3 x = + = + = +c u du c c 3 3 4 12 12 3.71.- sec n x gxdx = secn 1 x(sec x gx)dx
Sea: u = sec x, du = sec x gxdx ,
Luego:
u sec x +c = + c, (n 0) n n cos3 x cos 2 x cos x (1 s e n 2 x) cos x cos xdx 3.72.- dx dx dx = = = cos xdx 2 2 2 sen x sen x sen x s e n2 x 1 sen x + c sen x dx s e n 2 x + cos 2 x dx cos 2 x dx 3.73.- = = + s e n 2 x s e n 4 x dx s e n4 x s e n4 x cos 2 x dx = cos ec 2 xdx + = cos ec 2 xdx + co g 2 x cos ec 2 xdx s e n2 x s e n2 x 1 = co gx co g 3 x + c 3 n 3.74.- g x sec 2 xdx;(n 1)
n 1
du =
Sea: u = gx, du = sec 2 xdx Luego: u n du =

6
u n +1 g n +1 x +c = + c, (n 1) n +1 n +1
3 2 3
1 2 cos 2 x 3.75.- s e n xdx = (s e n x) dx = dx 2 1 = (1 3cos 2 x + 3cos 2 2 x cos3 2 x)dx 8 1 = dx 3 cos 2 xdx + 3 cos 2 2 xdx cos3 2 xdx 8
w .M
at
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75
5 x s e n 2 x 3s e n 4 x s e n 3 2 x + + +c 16 4 64 48 1 3.76.- s e n 4 axdx = (s e n 2 ax) 2 dx = (1 cos 2ax) 2 dx 4 1 1 1 = (1 2 cos 2ax + cos 2 2ax)dx = dx cos 2axdx + cos 2 2axdx 4 2 4 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 = x s e n 2ax + ( x + s e n 4ax) + c = x s e n 2ax + s e n 4ax + c 4 4a 4 2 8a 8 4a 32a s e n n +1 x + c, (n 1) 3.77.- s e n n x cos xdx = n +1 3.78.- co g n axdx = co g n 2 ax co g 2 axdx = co g n 2 ax(cos ec 2 ax 1)dx
=
1 co g n 1ax co g n 2 axdx a n 1 4 3.79.- co g 3xdx , Haciendo uso del ejercicio anterior:

= co g n 2 ax cos ec 2 axdx co g n 2 axdx =
= g n 2 x sec2 xdx g n 2 xdx =
g n 1 x
n 1
co g 3 3 x co g 3 3x co g 2 3xdx = (cos ec 2 3x 1)dx 3 3 9 3 co g 3x co g 3 3x = cos ec 2 3 xdx + dx = cos ec 2 3 xdx + dx 9 9 3 co g 3x co g 3x = + + x+c 9 3 cos n +1 x 3.80.- cos x n s e n xdx = + c;(n 1) n +1 3.81.- g n xdx = g n 2 x g 2 xdx = g n 2 x(sec 2 x 1)dx
=
3.82.- g 4 xdx =
=
g 3 xdx
3
g 2 xdx =
w .M
g3x
3
gx + x + c 3 3 3.83.- cos 2 n +1 xdx = cos 2 n x cos xdx = (cos 2 x) n cos xdx = (1 s e n 2 x) n cos xdx
g3x
sec 2 xdx dx =
g3x
Sea: u = s e n x, du = cos xdx .El resultado se obtiene, evaluando (1 u 2 ) n por la frmula del binomio de Newton y calculando cada sumando, cuyas integrales son del tipo: u n du . Las frmulas provenientes de los ejercicios 3.78 y 3.81, se denominan frmulas de reduccin y su utilidad es obvia. Ms adelante, en otros captulos, usted deducir nuevas frmulas de reduccin.
at
g n 2 xdx (sec 2 x 1)dx
em
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76
CAPITULO 4
INTEGRACION POR PARTES
Existe una variedad de integrales que se pueden desarrollar, usando la relacin: udv = uv vdu . El problema es elegir u y dv , por lo cual es til la siguiente identificacin: I: Funcin trigonomtrica inversa. L: Funcin logartmica. A: Funcin algebraica. T: Funcin trigonomtrica. E: Funcin exponencial. Se usa de la manera siguiente:
4.1.-Encontrar: x cos xdx Solucin.- I L A T E x cos x u=x dv = cos xdx du = dx v = sen x Respuesta: x cos xdx = x s e n x + cos x + c 4.2.-Encontrar: x sec 2 xdx
Solucin.- I L A T E x sec 2 3 x u=x dv = sec 2 3 xdx du = dx v=1 3 g 3x
1 1 x g 3x 1 x sec 2 xdx = x g 3 x g 3xdx = sec 3x + c 3 3 3 9 x g 3 x 1 Respuesta: x sec 2 xdx = sec 3x + c 3 9 2 4.3.-Encontrar: x s e n xdx
Solucin.- I L A T E x2 s e n x
.M
x cos xdx = x s e n x s e n xdx =x s e n x + cos x + c
at e
at ic
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77
u = x2
2
dv = s e n xdx
v = cos x du = 2 xdx 2 x s e n xdx = x cos x + 2 x cos xdx , integrando por partes la segunda integral: u=x dv = cos xdx x cos xdx ; du = dx v = sen x 2 2 x s e n xdx = x cos x + 2 x s e n x s e n xdx = x 2 cos x + 2 x s e n x + 2 cos x + c
Respuesta: x 2 s e n xdx = x 2 cos x + 2 x s e n x + 2 cos x + c 4.4.-Encontrar: ( x 2 + 5 x + 6) cos 2 xdx Solucin.- I L A T E 2 x + 5 x + 6 cos 2 x
1 v = cos 2 x 2 1 1 (2 x + 5)( 1 2 cos 2 x) + cos 2 xdx ( x 2 + 5 x + 6) cos 2 xdx = s e n 2 x( x 2 + 5 x + 6) 2 2 x2 + 5x + 6 1 1 s e n 2 x + cos 2 x(2 x + 5) cos 2 xdx = 2 4 2 2 x + 5x + 6 2x + 5 1 s e n 2x + cos 2 x s e n 2 x + c = 2 4 4 x2 + 5x + 6 2x + 5 1 Respuesta: ( x 2 + 5 x + 6) cos 2 xdx = s e n 2x + cos 2 x s e n 2 x + c 2 4 4 Nota.-Ya se habr dado cuenta el lector, que la eleccin conveniente para el u y el dv , depender de la ubicacin de los trminos funcionales en la palabra ILATE. El de la izquierda corresponde al u , y el otro ser el dv . 4.5.-Encontrar: xdx
Solucin.- I L A T E x 1
.M
u = 2x + 5 du = 2dx
at
em
dv = s e n 2 xdx
at
2x + 5 s e n 2x
ic
a1
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1 v = s e n 2x 2 2 ( x + 5 x + 6) 1 ( x 2 + 5 x + 6) cos 2 xdx = s e n 2 x (2 x + 5) s e n 2 xdx 2 2 Integrando por partes la segunda integral: I L A T E du = (2 x + 5)dx
u = x2 + 5x + 6
dv = cos 2 xdx
78
4.6.-Encontrar: (a 2 + x 2 )dx Solucin.- I L A T E 2 (a + x 2 ) 1 u = x dv = 1dx dx du = v=x x
Respuesta: xdx = x( x 1) + c
dv = 1dx dx du = v=x x xdx = x x dx = x x x + c = x( x 1) + c
u = x
(a 2 + x 2 )dx = x (a 2 + x 2 ) = x (a 2 + x 2 ) 2 dx + 2a 2
2 x 2 dx 2a 2 2 2 = + x ( a x ) (2 x2 + a 2 )dx a2 + x2
dx 2 a2 2 2 x = + + arc g a +c x ( a x ) 2 x x2 + a2 a x = x (a 2 + x 2 ) 2 x + 2a arc g a +c
w .M
Solucin.- I L A T E
x + x2 1
u = x + x2 1
x 2 1 d du = x 2 1 dx du = dx x + x2 1 x2 1 x + x2 1 xdx x + x 2 1 dx = x x + x 2 1 x2 1 Sea : w = x 2 + 1, dw = 2 xdx . 1 1 1 1 Luego: x x + x 2 1 ( x 2 1) 2 2 xdx = x x + x 2 1 w 2 dw 2 2 1 2 1w 1 = x x + x2 1 + c = x x + x2 1 w 2 + c = x x + x2 1 x2 1 + c 1 2 2 du =

Respuesta: x + x 2 1 dx = x x + x 2 1 x 2 1 + c
1+
x2 1 + x
at
dv = 1dx v=x
em
4.7.-Encontrar: x + x 2 1 dx
at
ic
a1
x Respuesta: (a 2 + x 2 )dx = x (a 2 + x 2 ) 2 x + 2a arc g a +c
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79
4.8.-Encontrar: 2 xdx Solucin.- I L A T E 2x 1 u = 2x 1 du = 2 x dx x
dv = 1dx v=x
Luego: 2 xdx = x 2 x 2 [ x( x 1) + c ] = x 2 x 2 x( x 1) + c Respuesta: 2 xdx = x 2 x 2 x( x 1) + c 4.9.-Encontrar: arc gxdx
1 2 xdx = x 2 x 2 x xdx = x 2 x 2 xdx x Por ejercicio 4.5, se tiene: xdx = x( x 1) + c
Solucin.- I L A T E arc gx 1 u = arc gx dv = 1dx dx du = v=x 1 + x2 xdx arc gxdx = x arc gx 1 + x2 Sea: w = 1 + x 2 , dw = 2 xdx 1 2 xdx 1 dw 1 Luego: x arc gx = x arc gx = x arc gx w + c 2 2 1+ x 2 w 2 1 = x arc gx 1 + x 2 + c 2 1 Respuesta: arc gxdx = x arc gx 1 + x 2 + c 2 2 4.10.- x arc gxdx Solucin.- I L A T E arc gx x 2 u = arc gx dv = x 2 dx dx x3 du = v= 2 1+ x 3 3 x 1 x 2 dx x 3 1 x x 2 arc gxdx = arc gx = arc gx ( x 2 )dx 2 3 3 1+ x 3 3 x +1
.M
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80
x3 1 1 x arc gx xdx 2 dx 3 3 3 x +1 xdx 1 Por ejercicio 4.9, se tiene: 2 = x2 + 1 + c x +1 2 x3 1 1 x3 x2 1 Luego: arc gx xdx + x 2 + 1 + c = arc gx + x 2 + 1 + c 3 3 6 3 6 6 3 2 x x 1 Respuesta: x 2 arc gxdx = arc gx + x 2 + 1 + c 3 6 6 4.11.-Encontrar: arc cos 2 xdx =
Solucin.- I L A T E arc cos 2 x 1 u = arc cos 2 x

du = 2dx 1 4x2
dv = 1dx v=x
arc cos 2 xdx = x arc cos 2 x + 2
xdx 1 4 x2
Sea: w = 1 4 x 2 , dw = 8 xdx
w .M
Respuesta: arc cos 2 xdx = x arc cos 2 x 4.12.-Encontrar:

arcs e n x dx x Solucin.- I L A T E arc s e n x 1 u = arc s e n x
du =
1 dx 1 x x
1
dv = x 2 dx v=2 x dx 1 x
arc s e n xx 2 dx = 2 x arc s e n x
Sea: w = 1 x, dw = dx Luego: 2 x arc s e n x +

dx 1 = 2 x arc s e n x + w 2 dw 1 x 1 2 = 2 x arc s e n x + 2 w + c = 2 x arc s e n x + 2 1 x + c
at
= x arc cos 2 x
1 1 4x2 + c 2
em
1 1 4x2 + c 2
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Luego: x arc cos 2 x
2 8 xdx 1 1w2 1 = x arc cos 2 x w 2 dw =x arc cos 2 x +c 8 1 4 x2 4 4 1 2

1
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arcs e n x dx = 2 x arc s e n x + 2 1 x + c x 4.13.-Encontrar: x arcs e n 2 x 2 dx
Respuesta:
Solucin.- I L A T E arc s e n 2 x 2 x u = arc s e n 2 x 2 dv = xdx 4 xdx x2 du = v = 2 1 4x4 2 x x3 dx 2 2 x arc s e n 2 x dx = arc s e n 2 x 2 2 1 4x4 Sea: w = 1 4 x 4 , dw = 16 x3 dx Luego:
= x2 2 (16 x 3 dx) x 2 1 1 arc s e n 2 x 2 + = arc s e n 2 x 2 + w 2 dw 4 2 16 2 8 1 4x
1
Sea: w =
x dx , dw = a a
x x x dx Luego: xe a dx = a 2 e a = a 2 we w dw , integrando por partes se tiene: a a Solucin.- I L A T E w ew u=w dv = e w dw du = dw v = ew
a 2 we w dw = a 2 we w e w dw = a 2 ( we w e w + c ) = a 2 ( we w e w ) + c
x x x x x = a 2 e a e a + c = a 2 e a ( 1) + c a a x x x Respuesta: xe a dx = a 2 e a ( 1) + c a 2 3 x 4.15.-Encontrar: x e dx
Solucin.- I L A T E
w .M
x2 x2 1w2 1 1 + c = arc s e n 2 x 2 + w 2 + c arc s e n 2 x 2 + 1 2 8 2 4 2 x2 1 = arc s e n 2 x 2 + 1 4 x4 + c 2 4 x2 1 1 4 x4 + c Respuesta: x arcs e n 2 x 2 dx = arc s e n 2 x 2 + 2 4 x 4.14.-Encontrar: xe a dx
at
em at
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82
Sea: w = x 2 , dw = 2 xdx , adems: x 2 = w 2 2 1 1 1 Luego: x 2 e x xdx = x 2 e x x(2 xdx ) = we w dw = we w dw , integrando por 2 2 2 Partes se tiene: I L A T E w ew u=w dv = e w dw du = dw v = ew 1 1 1 1 1 1 we w dw = we w e w dw = we w e w dw = we w e w + c 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 x2 1 x2 1 x2 2 = x e e + c = e ( x + 1) + c 2 2 2 2 1 2 Respuesta: x 3e x dx = e x ( x 2 + 1) + c 2 2 4.17.-Encontrar: ( x 2 x + 5)e x dx
Solucin.- I L A T E
83
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Solucin.- x 3e x dx = x 2 e x xdx
2 2
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4.16.-Encontrar: x 3e x dx
2
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e 3 x dv = e3 x dx 2 u=x 1 v = e 3 x du = 2 xdx 3 1 2 x 2 e 3 x dx = x 2 e3 x + xe3 x dx , integrando por partes la segunda integral: 3 3 I L A T E x e 3 x dv = e3 x dx u=x 1 du = dx v = e 3 x 3 1 2 1 1 x 2 e 3 x 2 3 x 2 3 x xe + e dx x 2 e 3 x dx = x 2 e 3 x + xe 3 x + e3 x dx = 3 3 3 3 3 9 9 2 3 x xe 2 2 = xe 3 x e 3 x + c 3 9 27 e 3 x 2 2 2 Respuesta: x 2 e 3 x dx = x + x+ +c 3 3 9
x2
v = e x ( x 2 2 x + 5)e x dx = e x ( x 2 2 x + 5) + (2 x 2)e x dx , integrando por partes la
x 2 2 x + 5 e x u = x2 2x + 5 du = (2 x 2)dx
dv = e x dx
segunda integral: I L A T E 2 x 2 e x u = 2x 2 du = 2dx
dv = e x dx v = e x
x x ( x 2 2 x + 5)e x dx = e x ( x 2 2 x + 5) + e (2 x 2) + 2 e dx
= e x ( x 2 2 x + 5) e x (2 x 2) + 2 e x dx = e x ( x 2 2 x + 5) e x (2 x 2) 2e x + c
= e x ( x 2 2 x + 5 +2 x 2 + 2 ) + c = e x ( x 2 + 5) + c
Respuesta: ( x 2 2 x + 5)e x dx = e x ( x 2 + 5) + c 4.18.-Encontrar: e ax cos bxdx Solucin.- I L A T E cos bx e ax
v= 1 ax e a
e ax cos bx b ax + e s e n bxdx , Ntese que la segunda integral es a a semejante a la primera, salvo en la parte trigonomtrica; integrando por partes la segunda integral: I L A T E s e n bx e ax dv = e ax dx u = s e n bx 1 du = b cos bxdx v = e ax a ax ax e cos bx b e s e n bx b ax = + e cos bxdx a a a a
e ax cos bxdx =
e ax cos bx be ax s e n bx b 2 ax + 2 e cos bxdx , Ntese que: a a2 a ax e cos bx be ax s e n bx b 2 ax ax = + 2 e cos bxdx , la integral a encontrar e cos bxdx a a2 a aparece con coeficiente 1 en el primer miembro, y en el segundo con coeficiente: = 84
.M
at
em
u = cos bx du = b s e n bxdx
at ic
dv = e ax dx
a1 .c om
b2 . Transponiendo ste trmino al primer miembro y dividiendo por el nuevo a2 b2 a 2 + b2 , se tiene: coeficiente: 1 + 2 = a a2 a 2 + b 2 ax ae ax cos bx + be ax s e n bx = +c e cos bxdx 2 a2 a
ae ax cos bx + be ax s e n bx a 2 + b2 2 a ax e (a cos bx + b s e n bx) Respuesta: e ax cos bxdx = +c a 2 + b2 4.19.-Encontrar: e x cos 2 xdx

ax e cos bxdx =
a2
+c =
eax (a cos bx + b s e n bx) +c a 2 + b2
dv = e ax dx 1 v = e ax a ax e s e n bx b ax e ax s e n bxdx = e cos bxdx , integrando por partes la segunda a a integral: I L A T E cos bx e ax dv = e ax dx u = cos bx 1 du = b s e n bxdx v = e ax a ax e s e n bx b e ax cos bx b ax e ax s e n bxdx = + e s e n bxdx a a a a u = s e n bx du = b cos bxdx = e ax s e n bx be ax cos bx b 2 ax 2 e s e n bxdx , a a2 a
.M
Solucin.- I L A T E s e n bx e ax
at
em at
ic
a1
Solucin.- Este ejercicio es un caso particular del ejercicio anterior, donde: a = 1 y b = 2 . Invitamos al lector, resolverlo por partes, an cuando la respuesta es inmediata. e x (cos 2 x + 2s e n 2 x) +c Respuesta: e x cos 2 xdx = 5 4.20.-Encontrar: e ax s e n bxdx
.c
om
85
Como habr notado el lector, la integral a encontrar aparece con coeficiente 1 en b2 el primer miembro, y en el segundo con coeficiente: 2 . Transponiendo ste a b2 a 2 + b2 trmino al primer miembro y dividiendo por el nuevo coeficiente: 1 + 2 = , se a a2 tiene: a 2 + b 2 ax ae ax s e n bx be ax cos bx e s e n bxdx = +c 2 a2 a
ae ax s e n bx be ax cos bx a 2 + b2 2 a ax e (a s e n bx b cos bx) +c Respuesta: e ax s e n bxdx = a2 + b2 4.21.-Encontrar: x 1 + xdx
ax e s e n bxdx =
a2
+ c = e ax s e n bxdx =
e ax (a s e n bx b cos bx) +c a 2 + b2
Solucin.- Cuando el integrando, est formado por el producto de funciones algebraicas, es necesario tomar como dv , la parte ms fcil integrable y u como la parte ms fcil derivable. Sin embargo, la opcin de ms fcil quedar a criterio del lector. 1 dv = (1 + x) 2 dx u=x 3 2 du = dx v = (1 + x) 2 3 5 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 (1 + x) 2 x 1 + xdx = x(1 + x) 2 (1 + x) 2 dx = x(1 + x) 2 +c 3 3 3 3 5 2 5 2 3 2 4(1 + x) = x(1 + x) 2 +c 3 15 5 3 2 4(1 + x) 2 +c Respuesta: x 1 + xdx = x(1 + x) 2 3 15 x 2 dx 4.22.-Encontrar: 1+ x 2 x dx 1 Solucin.- = x 2 (1 + x) 2 dx 1+ x
u = x2 du = 2 xdx
dv = (1 + x) 2 dx v = 2(1 + x)
1 2
x 2 dx = 2 x 2 1 + x 4 x 1 + xdx , integrando por partes la segunda integral: 1+ x
.M
at
em
at
ic
a1
.c
om
86
u=x du = dx
x 2 dx = 2 x2 1+ x
2
dv = (1 + x) 2 dx
1 3 2 v = (1 + x) 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 + x 4 x(1 + x) 2 (1 + x) dx 3 3 5
u = 1 x
xdx = e x ( x + 1) + c ex 4.24.-Encontrar: x 2 1 x dx
.M
at
em
Respuesta:
at
ic
a1
xe x dx = xe x + e x dx = xe x e x + c = e x ( x 1) + c = e x ( x + 1) + c
.c
om
3 3 5 8 8 (1 + x) 2 8 16 = 2 x 1 + x x(1 + x) 2 + + c = 2 x 2 1 + x x(1 + x) 2 + (1 + x) 2 + c 3 3 5 3 15 2 x 2 dx 8 3 16 5 Respuesta: = 2 x 2 1 + x x(1 + x) 2 + (1 + x) 2 + c 3 15 1+ x xdx 4.23.-Encontrar: x e xdx Solucin.- x = xe x dx e I L A T E x e x u=x dv = e x dx du = dx v = e x
dv = x 2 dx v= x3 3
Solucin.-
du =
1 dx 1 (1 x) 2 (1)dx du = 2(1 x) 1 x 2 1
x3 x3 1 x3 1 1 1 x + dx = 1 x x2 + x + 1 dx 3 6 1 x 3 6 1 x x3 1 x3 1 x 2 1 1 = 1 x x 1 x + c 3 6 3 6 2 6 6 3 3 2 x 1 x x x = 1 x 1 x + c 3 6 18 12 6 x3 1 x3 x 2 x 2 Respuesta: x 1 x dx = 1 x 1 x + c 3 6 18 12 6 2 4.25.-Encontrar: x s e n xdx
x 2 1 x dx =
Solucin.-
87
x2 x 1 1 x2 x cos 2 x s e n 2 x + ( cos 2 x) + c = s e n 2 x +c 4 4 4 2 4 4 8 x 2 x s e n 2 x cos 2 x +c Respuesta: x s e n 2 xdx = 4 4 8 4.26.-Encontrar: x(3 x + 1)7 dx
Solucin.dv = (3x + 1)7 dx v = (3 x + 1)7 dx 1 8 du = dx v = (3 x + 1) 24 x 1 x 1 1 (3x + 1)9 x(3 x + 1)7 dx = (3x + 1)8 (3 x + 1)8 dx = (3 x + 1)8 +c 24 24 24 24 3 9 x (3 x + 1)9 (3 x + 1)8 = +c 24 648 x (3 x + 1)9 +c Respuesta: x(3x + 1)7 dx = (3x + 1)8 24 648 u=x
.M
at e
at ic
a1 .c
om
dv = s e n 2 xdx 1 cos 2 x v= dx 1 1 du = dx 2 v = x s e n 2x 2 4 1 1 1 1 x s e n 2 xdx = x 2 x s e n 2 x xdx + s e n 2 xdx 2 4 2 4 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 = x x s e n 2 x x cos 2 x + c = x x s e n 2 x cos 2 x + c 2 4 4 8 4 4 8 2 x x s e n 2 x cos 2 x +c Respuesta: x s e n 2 xdx = 4 4 8 Otra solucin.1 cos 2 x 1 1 1 x2 1 2 x s e n xdx = x 2 dx = 2 xdx 2 x cos 2 xdx = 2 2 2 x cos 2 xdx x2 1 = x cos 2 xdx ; integrando por partes, la segunda integral: 4 2 dv = cos 2 xdx u=x 1 du = dx v = s e n 2x 2 2 2 x 1 x 1 x 1 x 2 s n s n 2 s n 2 x e xdx = e x e xdx = s e n 2 x + s e n 2 xdx 4 2 2 2 4 4 4 u=x
Usando esencialmente el mecanismo presentado, encontrar las integrales siguientes:
88
4.33.- x3e 3 dx
x
4.30.- x cos 3 xdx 4.36.-
4.27.- x(2 x + 5)10 dx
4.28.- arcs e n xdx 4.34.- x s e n x cos xdx

dx x xdx 4.40.- s e n2 x 4.43.- s e n( x)dx
4.31.- x 2 x dx 4.37.-
4.29.- x s e n xdx 4.32.- x 2 e3 x dx 4.35.- x 2 xdx
x
3
dx
4.38.- x arc gxdx 4.41.- e x s e n xdx 4.44.- ( x 2 2 x + 3) xdx
4.39.- x arcs e n xdx 4.42.- 3x cos xdx 4.45.- x

1 x dx 1+ x
4.46.-
2x
4.48.- x(arc gx) 2 dx

arcs e n x dx 1 x 4.54.- x3 2 xdx
x2 4.49.- (arcs e n x) 2 dx s e n2 x dx ex
dx
4.47.- x 2 arc g 3 xdx
4.51.-
4.52.-
arcs e n x dx x2 4.53.- g 2 x sec3 xdx

4.50.- 4.56.- arcs e n xdx 4.59.- cos 2 ( x)dx
4.57.- x arc g (2 x + 3)dx
4.55.- x (9 + x 2 )dx 4.61.- x + 1 dx
4.69.- sec n xdx
4.72.- x n ax dx, n 1 4.75.- x 2 cos axdx
4.70.- sec3 xdx
w .M
4.66.- x3 ( x) 2 dx
4.67.- x n e x dx
em
x 4.63.- cos xdx

n
4.64.- s e n n xdx
ic
a1
4.60.-
dx
.c o
( x)
4.58.- e x dx
4.62.- x 2 e x dx 4.65.- x m ( x) n dx
at
4.73.- arcs e n axdx 4.76.- x sec 2 axdx
4.71.- x xdx
4.68.- x3e x dx
w w
at
4.78.- (9 + x 2 )dx 4.81.- arc sec xdx 4.84.- ( x 2 + 1)dx 4.87.- x arc g x 2 1dx 4.90.- x 2 1 xdx
4.79.- x cos(2 x + 1)dx 4.82.- a 2 x 2 dx 4.85.- arc g xdx

x arc gx dx ( x 2 + 1) 2
4.80.- x arc sec xdx 4.83.- 1 x dx

x arcs e n x 1 x2
4.77.- cos( x)dx
4.74.- x s e n axdx
4.86.-
dx xdx (1 x 2 )3
4.88.-
4.89.- arcs e n x
RESPUESTAS
4.27.- x(2 x + 5)10 dx Solucin.-
89
(2 x + 5)11 v= 22 x 1 x 1 10 11 11 11 12 x(2 x + 5) dx = 22 (2 x + 5) 22 (2 x + 5) dx = 22 (2 x + 5) 44 (2 x + 5) + c x 1 (2 x + 5)12 + c = (2 x + 5)11 22 528 4.28.- arcs e n xdx dv = dx v=x xdx 1 x2
u=x du = dx
dv = (2 x + 5)10 dx
Solucin.u = arcs e n x
du =
dx 1 x2
Adems: w = 1 x 2 , dw = 2 xdx
= x arcs e n x + 1 dw = x arcs e n x + 1 x 2 + c 1 2w 2
arcs e n xdx = x arcs e n x

4.29.- x s e n xdx Solucin.u=x du = dx
dv = s e n xdx
1 v = s e n 3x 3 x 1 x cos 3x x cos 3xdx = 3 s e n 3x 3 s e n 3xdx = 3 s e n 3x + 9 + c 4.31.- x 2 x dx
Solucin. u=x du = dx
x
dv = 2 x dx v= 2 x 2
x 2 x 1 x 2 x 1 2 x x 1 x x 2 + c +c = x x2 dx = 2 + 2 2 dx = 2 + 2 2 2 2 2 2
4.32.- x 2 e3 x dx Solucin.-
u=x du = dx
.M
dv = cos 3xdx
at
Solucin.-
em
4.30.- x cos 3 xdx
at
ic a1
v = cos x x s e n xdx = x cos x + cos xdx = x cos x + s e n x + c
.c
om
90
u = x2 du = 2 xdx
dv = e3 x dx 1 v = e3 x 3
x2 3x 2 e xe3 x dx , integral la cual se desarrolla nuevamente por partes, 3 3 dv = e3 x dx u=x esto es: 1 du = dx v = e3 x 3 x2 3x 2 x 3x 1 3x x2 3x 2 3x 2 3x x2 2x 2 = e e e dx = e xe + e dx = e3 x e3 x + e3 x + c 3 33 3 9 9 3 9 27 3
2 3x x e dx =
4.33.- x3e 3 dx
x
Solucin.x u = x3 dv = e 3 dx x du = 3x 2 dx v = 3e 3 3 x 3 x 2 x x e 3 dx = 3x e 3 + 9 x e 3 dx , integral la cual se desarrolla nuevamente por partes, esto es:

= 3x3e 3 + 9 3 x 2 e
x
x x x 3x 3 27 x 2 3 x 3 27 x 2 162 x x + 54 3 xe 3 + 3 e 3 dx = x x x + 162(3e 3 ) + c x 3 3 3 3 3 e e e e e 3 2 3 x 27 x 162 x 486 = x x x x +c e3 e3 e3 e3 4.34.- x s e n x cos xdx
Solucin.-
cos 2 x 2 1 1 x 1 cos 2 x + cos 2 xdx x s e n x cos xdx = 2 x s e n 2 xdx = 2 2 2 x 1 x 1 = cos 2 x + cos 2 xdx = cos 2 x + s e n 2 x + c 4 4 4 8 2 4.35.- x xdx du = dx v=
u=x
dv = s e n 2 xdx
Solucin.-
.M
, la nueva integral se desarrolla por partes, esto es: x u=x dv = e 3 dx x du = dx v = 3e 3
at
em
at ic
a1 .
v = 3e 3 x x x x + 6 xe 3 dx = 3 x3e 3 27 x 2 e 3 + 54 xe 3 dx
x
u = x2 du = 2 xdx
dv = e 3 dx
x
co m
91
u = x
dv = x 2 dx
Solucin.u = arc gx dx du = 1 + x2
x2 2 2 2 x 1 x dx x 2 1 1 arc arc = = arc gx 1 x gxdx gx dx 2 2 2 1+ x 2 2 1 + x2 v=
x2 1 1 dx x2 1 arc gx arc gx dx + arc gx x + = +c 2 2 2 2 1+ x 2 2 2 4.39.- x arcs e n xdx =
Solucin.u = arcs e n x dv = xdx dx x2 du = v= 1 + x2 2 2 x 1 x 2 dx x arcs e n xdx = 2 arcs e n x 2 1 + x2 , integral para la cual se sugiere la x = s e n sustitucin siguiente: dx = cos d
92
dv = xdx
.M
at em
dx x3 v= x 3 3 3 x x 1 2 x x x3 2 x xdx = x dx = +c 3 3 3 9 x 4.36.- 3 dx x Solucin.u = x dv = x 3dx dx 1 du = v= 2 x 2x x x 1 x 1 3 3 x3 dx = x xdx = 2 x2 + 2 x dx = 2 x 2 4 x 2 + c x 4.37.- dx x Solucin.u = x 1 dv = x 2 dx dx du = v=2 x x x 1 1 x dx = x 2 xdx = 2 x x 2 x 2 dx = 2 x x 4 x + c 4.38.- x arc gxdx du =
at ic a1
.c
om
= =
x2 1 s e n 2 cos d arcs e n x 2 2 cos x2 1 1 cos 2 arcs e n x 2 2 2
x2 1 1 d = arcs e n x d + cos 2 d 2 4 4 2 2 x 1 1 x 1 2s e n cos = arcs e n x + s e n 2 + c = arcs e n x arcs e n x + +c 2 4 8 2 4 8
Como: s e n = x, cos = 1 x 2 ; luego:

x2 1 1 arcs e n x arcs e n x + x 1 x 2 + c 2 4 4 xdx 4.40.- s e n2 x Solucin.u=x dv = cos ec 2 xdx du = dx v = co gx xdx 2 s e n 2 x = x cos ec xdx = x co gx + co gxdx = x co gx + s e n x + c 4.41.- e x s e n xdx =
= e x s e n x e x cos x + e x s e n xdx = e x s e n x e x cos x e x s e n xdx
Luego se tiene: e x s e n xdx = e x s e n x e x cos x e x s e n xdx , de donde es inmediato:

2 e x s e n xdx = e x (s e n x cos x) + c
x e s e n xdx =
ex (s e n x cos x) + c 2 4.42.- 3x cos xdx
Solucin.-
u = cos x du = s e n xdx
w w
u = cos x du = s e n xdx
dv = e x dx
v = ex
dv = 3x dx v= 3x
w .M at
3
em
at ic
Solucin.u = sen x du = cos xdx
v = ex x x x e s e n xdx = e s e n x e cos xdx , integral la cual se desarrolla por partes, esto es:
a1
dv = e x dx
.c
om
93
x 3 cos xdx = cos x
3x
3 3
s e n xdx , integral la cual se desarrolla por partes, dv = 3x dx v= 3x
esto es:
3
x
u = sen x du = cos xdx

+ +
x
= cos x = cos x
3
3x
1 3 1 sen x 3x cos xdx 3 3 3
3x s e n x 1 2 3x cos xdx ,luego: 2 3 3 3
3x sen x 1 x cos x + 2 3 cos xdx , de donde es inmediato: 3 3 x 1 3 sen x = (1 + 2 ) 3x cos xdx = +c cos x + 3 3 3 = 3x cos xdx = =(
23 +1 x 3x sen x ) 3 cos xdx = +c cos x + 2 3 3 3

x
Solucin.u = s e n( x) dv = dx cos( x) du = dx v=x x s e n( x)dx = x s e n( x) cos( x)dx , integral la cual se desarrolla por partes, esto es: u = cos( x) dv = dx s e n( x) du = dx v=x x = x s e n( x) x cos( x) + s e n( x)dx = x s e n( x) x cos( x) s e n( x)dx Se tiene por tanto: s e n( x)dx = x [s e n( x) cos( x)] s e n( x)dx , de donde es inmediato:
2 s e n( x)dx = x [s e n( x) cos( x) ] + c s e n( x)dx = x [s e n( x) cos( x)] + c 2
4.44.- ( x 2 2 x + 3) xdx Solucin.-
.M
at
em
at ic
4.43.- s e n( x)dx
a1 .
co m
3x 3 sen x = 3 cos xdx = 2 +c cos x + 3 +1 3
94
u = x
dv = ( x 2 2 x + 3)dx v= x3 x 2 + 3x 3
du =
dx x
x3 x2 x 2 + 3 x) x ( x + 3)dx 3 3 3 2 x x x3 x3 x2 = ( x 2 + 3x) x dx xdx + 3 dx = ( x 2 + 3 x) x + 3 x + c 3 3 3 9 2 1 x 4.45.- x dx 1+ x Solucin.1 x dv = xdx u= 1+ x x2 v = 2dx du = 2 2 x 1 1 x x2 1 x x 2 dx x 2 1 x 1 = = (1 + 2 )dx x dx 2 1+ x 2 1+ x 1+ x x 1 2 x 1

2 ( x 2 x + 3) xdx = (
dx x2 Solucin.u = 2x dv = x 2 dx 2 x 1 du = dx v= x x 2 2 x x x 2x dx = + 2 dx = + 2 x 2 xdx , integral la cual se desarrolla x2 x2 x x por partes, esto es: u = x dv = x 2 dx dx 1 du = v= x x 2 2 x x dx x 2 x dx 2x 2 x 2 = + 2 + 2 = + 2 2 = +c x x x x x x x x x
4.47.- x 2 arc g 3 xdx Solucin.u = arc g 3x 3dx du = 1 + 9x2
dv = x 2 dx v= x3 3
.M
at
em
at ic
4.46.-
2x
a1 .c om
x2 1 x dx x2 1 x 1 x 1 dx 2 = x +c x 1 2 x +1 2 1+ x 1+ x 2
95
x3 x3dx x3 1 x3dx = arc g 3x arc g 3 x 3 1 + 9 x2 3 9 1 + x2 9 x3 2 1 x x3 1 xdx 9 dx = arc g 3 x 1 x + 1 = arc g 3x x 2 2 3 9 9 2 81 x + 1 x +1 3 9 9 3 2 x x 1 1 = arc g 3x + x2 + + c 3 18 162 9

2 x arc g 3xdx =
4.48.- x(arc gx) 2 dx Solucin.dv = xdx u = (arc gx) 2 x2 2 arc gxdx v = du = 2 1 + x2 2 x x 2 dx 2 2 (arc ) = (arc ) (arc ) , integral la cual se desarrolla por x gx dx gx gx 2 1 + x2 partes, esto es: u = arc gx x 2 dx dv = dx 1 + x2 du = 2 1+ x v = x arc gx
( x arc gx) dx ( x arc gx) arc gx ( x arc gx) 2 1 + x2 2 ( x arc gx) xdx arc gxdx = x arc gx + (arc gx) 2 + 2 2 1+ x 1 + x2 2 2 ( x arc gx) 1 (arc gx) = x arc gx + (arc gx) 2 + (1 + x 2 ) +c 2 2 2 4.49.- (arcs e n x) 2 dx
2
Solucin.u = (arc s e n x) 2 2 arc s e n xdx du = 1 x2
dv = dx v=x
2
.M
at
(arcs e n x) dx = x(arcs e n x)
2
2 arcs e n x
u = arcs e n x
partes, esto es:
du =
dx 1 x2
v = 1 x2 = x(arcs e n x) 2 2 1 x 2 arcs e n x + dx = x(arcs e n x) 2 + 2 1 x 2 arcs e n x 2 x + c
em
, integral la cual se desarrolla por 1 x2 xdx dv = 1 x2
at ic
xdx
a1 .
co m
96
arcs e n x dx x2 Solucin.u = arcs e n x dv = x 2 dx dx 1 du = v= 2 1 x x arcs e n x arcs e n x dx 2 x2 dx = x arcs e n xdx = x + x 1 x2 arcs e n x x = + +c x 1 + 1 x2

4.50.-
arcs e n x dx 1 x Solucin.u = arcs e n x dx 1 du = 1 x 2 x

4.51.-
dv =
dx 1 x
v = 2 1 x
arcs e n x dx dx = 2 1 x arcs e n x + = 2 1 x arcs e n x + 2 x + c 1 x x s e n2 x 4.52.- dx ex Solucin.dv = e x dx u = s e n2 x du = 2s e n x cos x v = e x s e n2 x 2 2 x x x e x dx = s e n xe dx = e s e n x + 2 s e n x cos xe dx s e n 2x x = e x s e n 2 x + 2 e dx , Integral la cual se desarrolla por partes, esto es: 2 u = s e n 2x dv = e x dx du = 2 cos 2 xdx v = e x = e x s e n 2 x + 2 cos 2 xe x dx , Integral la cual se desarrolla por partes, esto es: u = cos 2 x du = 2s e n 2 xdx
x x x x
s e n 2 xe dx = e s e n 2 x + 2 ( e cos 2 x 2 s e n 2 xe dx ) s e n 2 xe dx = e s e n 2 x 2e cos 2 x 4 s e n 2 xe dx , de donde: 5 s e n 2 xe dx = e (s e n 2 x + 2 cos 2 x) + c

x x x x x x
dv = e x dx v = e x
.M
at
em
at
ic a1
.c
om
97
e x (s e n 2 x + 2 cos 2 x) + c , Sustituyendo en: 5 s e n 2 xdx 2e x x 2 = e s e n x (s e n 2 x + 2 cos 2 x) + c ex 5 4.53.- g 2 x sec3 xdx = (sec 2 x 1) sec3 xdx = sec5 xdx() sec3 xdx()
x s e n 2 xe dx =
Solucin.-
sec xdx ,
5
Sea:
u = sec3 x du = 3sec3 x gxdx u = sec x du = sec x gxdx
dv = sec 2 xdx v = gx dv = sec 2 xdx v = gx
sec sec
xdx = sec3 x sec2 xdx = sec3 x gx 3 sec3 x g 2 xdx
sec3 xdx , Sea:

3
= sec x gx sec3 xdx + sec xdx , luego: 2 sec3 xdx = sec x gx + sec xdx
xdx = sec x sec 2 xdx = sec x gx sec x g 2 xdx = sec x gx sec x(sec x 2 1)dx
1 Esto es: sec3 xdx = (sec x gx + n sec x gx ) + c , ahora bien: 2 2 3 5 3 g x sec xdx = sec xdx sec xdx , con ( y )
1 x sec3 xdx = sec3 x gx 3 sec3 x g 2 xdx (sec x gx + n sec x gx ) + c 2 1 De lo anterior: 4 g 2 x sec3 xdx = sec3 x gx (sec x gx + n sec x gx ) + c 2 1 1 Esto es: g 2 x sec3 xdx = sec3 x gx (sec x gx + n sec x gx ) + c 4 8 3 2 4.54.- x xdx
Solucin.dv = x3 dx u = 2x 2 x x4 du = dx v= x 4 4 x 1 3 3 2 2 x xdx = 4 x 2 x xdx , integral la cual se desarrolla por partes, esto es: u = x dv = x3 dx
x4 4 4 4 x4 2 1 4 x 1 x 1 1 x4 = +c 2x x x 3dx = x x x + 4 2 4 4 8 8 4 4 x4 2 1 4 x4 = x x x + + c 4 8 32 du = v=
dx x
.M
at em at ic
a1
.c o
98
4.55.- x (9 + x 2 )dx Solucin.dv = xdx u = (9 + x 2 ) x2 2 xdx v = du = 2 9 + x2 2 3 x x x2 9x 2 2 x x dx x dx (9 + x 2 ) x 2 (9 ) (9 ) + = + = dx 2 x +9 2 9+ x 2 x2 xdx x2 x2 9 2 = (9 + x 2 ) xdx + 9 = + x + ( x 2 + 9) + c (9 ) 2 2 9+ x 2 2 2 2 x 9 = + ( x 2 + 9) + c (9 + x 2 ) 1 2 2 4.56.- arcs e n xdx Solucin.u = arcs e n xdx dx 1 du = 1 x2 2 x
dv = dx v=x
sustitucin: t = s e n , de donde: 1 t 2 = cos , y dt = cos d . Esto es: 1 = x arcs e n x + cos 2 d = x arcs e n x + (1 + cos 2 )d 2 1 1 1 1 = x arcs e n x + + s e n 2 + c = x arcs e n x + + s e n cos + c 2 4 2 2 arcs e n t t arcs e n 1 x 1 x = x arcs e n x + + + 1 t 2 + c = x arcs e n x + 2 2 2 2 4.57.- x arc g (2 x + 3)dx
w w
.M
= x arcs e n x
1 1 t 2 (2 t dt )dx = x arcs e n x + 1 t 2 dt , 2 t
at em
xdx 1 1 xdx = x arcs e n x 2 1 x 1 x 2 x Para la integral resultante, se recomienda la siguiente sustitucin: 1 x = t , de donde: x = 1 t 2 , y dx = 2tdt ( ver capitulo 9)
at
ic
a1 .c
om
arcs e n
xdx = x arcs e n x
Se
recomienda
la
x +c
Solucin.u = arc g (2 x + 3) 2dx du = 1 + (2 x + 3) 2
dv = xdx x2 v= 2
x2 x 2 dx x arc g (2 x + 3)dx = 2 arc g (2 x + 3) 1 + 4 x 2 + 12 x + 9
99
= = =
=
= = =
1 3x + 5 x2 x 2 dx x2 2 dx arc g (2 x + 3) 2 = arc g (2 x + 3) 2 2 4 x + 12 x + 10 2 4 4 x + 12 x + 10 3x + 5 x2 1 2 dx arc g (2 x + 3) dx + 2 2 4 4 x + 12 x + 10 2 x+ 5 x 1 6 arc g (2 x + 3) x + 3 2 dx 2 4 4 x + 12 x + 10 8 x + 40 x2 1 3 6 dx arc g (2 x + 3) x + 2 2 4 8 4 x + 12 x + 10 32 x2 1 3 8 x + 12 6 dx arc g (2 x + 3) x + 2 2 4 8 4 x + 12 x + 10 x2 1 3 (8 x + 12)dx 3 32 dx arc g (2 x + 3) x + 2 2 2 4 8 4 x + 12 x + 10 8 6 4 x + 12 x + 10 2 x 1 3 dx arc g (2 x + 3) x + 4 x 2 + 12 x + 10 2 2 2 4 8 4 x + 12 x + 10 2 x 1 3 dx arc g (2 x + 3) x + 4 x 2 + 12 x + 10 2 2 4 8 (2 x + 3) 2 + 1
4.58.- e x dx Solucin.u=e x e x dx du = 2 x
x e dx = xe x
dv = dx v=x
dx 1 xe x dx , Se recomienda la sustitucin: z = x , dz = 2 2 x 2 x
1 2 z z e dz , Esta integral resultante, se desarrolla por partes: 2 dv = e z dz u = z2 du = 2 zdz v = ez 1 z 2e z = xe x z 2 e z 2 ze z dz = xe x + ze z dz , integral que se desarrolla por 2 2 partes: = xe
x
w w
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at
x2 1 3 arc g (2 x + 3) x + 4 x 2 + 12 x + 10 arc g (2 x + 3) + c 2 4 8 1 1 3 = ( x 2 2) arc g (2 x + 3) x + 4 x 2 + 12 x + 10 + c 2 2 4
em
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ic
x2 1 3 2 2dx = arc g (2 x + 3) x + 4 x 2 + 12 x + 10 2 4 8 2 (2 x + 3) 2 + 1
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100
= xe
x
u=z du = dz
dv = e z dz v = ez
x
z 2e z + ze z e z dz = xe 2 x = e x + x 1 + c 2 2 4.59.- cos ( x)dx
z 2e z + ze z e z + c = xe 2
xe x + xe 2
+c
x 1 x x + cos(2 x)dx = + cos(2 x) + x s e n(2 x) 2 cos(2 x)dx , de donde: 2 2 2 2 5 x cos(2 x)dx = cos(2 x) + x s e n(2 x) + c 2 2 1 x x cos(2 x)dx = cos(2 x) + s e n(2 x) + c , Por tanto: 2 10 5 x x x 2 cos ( x)dx = 2 + 10 cos(2 x) + 5 s e n(2 x) + c ( x) dx , Se tiene: 4.60.- dx , Sustituyendo por: w = x, dw = x x Solucin. ( x) x dx = wdw , Esta integral se desarrolla por partes: u = w dv = dw dw du = v=w w = w w dw = w w w + c = w( w 1) + c = x [ ( x) 1] + c
.M
Solucin.u = cos(2 x) dv = dx s e n(2 x) ] 2dx [ v=x du = x 1 + cos(2 x) 1 1 2 dx = dx + cos(2 x)dx cos ( x)dx = 2 2 2 1 1 x x = x + x cos(2 x) + 2 s e n(2 x)dx = + cos(2 x) + s e n(2 x)dx 2 2 2 2 Integral que se desarrolla por partes: u = s e n(2 x) dv = dx cos(2 x) ] 2dx [ v=x du = x x x = + cos(2 x) + x s e n(2 x) 2 cos(2 x)dx , 2 2 Dado que apareci nuevamente: cos(2 x)dx , igualamos:
at
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101
4.61.- x + 1 dx Solucin.u = x +1 dx du = x +1
dv = dx v=x
xdx 1 = x x + 1 1 dx x +1 x +1 = x x +1 x + x +1 + c
x + 1 dx = x x + 1
4.62.- x 2 e x dx Solucin.u = x2 du = 2 xdx 2 x 2 x x x e dx = x e 2 xe dx
dv = e x dx v = ex
= cos n 1 x s e n x + (n 1) s e n 2 x cos n 2 xdx
= cos n 1 x s e n x + (n 1) (1 cos 2 x) cos n 2 xdx
= cos n 1 x s e n x + (n 1) cos n 2 xdx (n 1) cos n xdx , Se tiene:
cos xdx = cos n cos xdx = cos

n n n cos xdx =
n 1
x s e n x + (n 1) cos n 2 xdx (n 1) cos n xdx , Esto es: x s e n x + (n 1) cos n 2 xdx
n 1
cos n 1 x s e n x (n 1) + cos n 2 xdx n n n n 1 4.64.- s e n xdx = s e n x s e n xdx

Solucin.u = s e n n 1 x du = (n 1) s e n n 2 x(cos x)dx
Solucin.u = cos n 1 x du = (n 1) cos n 2 x( s e n x)dx
em .M at
at
dv = cos xdx v = sen x dv = s e n xdx v = cos x
= s e n n 1 x cos x + (n 1) cos 2 x s e n n 2 xdx
= s e n n 1 x cos x + (n 1) (1 s e n 2 x) s e n n 2 xdx
ic a1
Integral que se desarrolla nuevamente por partes: u=x dv = e x dx du = dx v = ex x x 2 x x x = x 2e x 2 xe e dx = x e 2 xe + 2e + c 4.63.- cos n xdx = cos n 1 x cos xdx
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= s e n n 1 x cos x + (n 1) s e n n 2 xdx (n 1) s e n n xdx , Se tiene:
s e n xdx = s e n n s e n xdx = s e n
n n n s e n xdx =
n 1
x cos x + (n 1) s e n n 2 xdx (n 1) s e n n xdx x cos x + (n 1) s e n n 2 xdx
n 1
s e n n 1 x cos x (n 1) + s e n n 2 xdx n n m n m +1 n 4.65.- x ( x) dx = x ( x) n x m ( x) n 1 dx m x m ( x)n dx

Solucin.u = x m ( x)n dv = dx m n 1 dx m 1 n v=x du = x n( x) + mx ( x) dx x Se tiene: (m + 1) x m ( x) n dx = x m +1 ( x) n n x m ( x) n 1 dx
x m +1 ( x) n n m n 1 x ( x) dx = (m + 1) (m + 1) x ( x) dx
m n
4.66.- x3 ( x) 2 dx Solucin.Puede desarrollarse como caso particular del ejercicio anterior, haciendo: m = 3, n = 2
x 4 ( x) 1 3 x 4 ( x) x 4 x dx = + c , introduciendo en: 4 4 4 16 4 2 4 4 x ( x) x x 3 2 x ( x) dx = 4 8 ( x) + 32 + c 4.67.- x n e x dx

Solucin.u = xn dv = e x dx du = nx n 1dx v = ex n x n x n 1 x x e dx = x e n x e dx 4.68.- x3e x dx Solucin.u = x3 du = 3x 2 dx
dv = e x dx v = ex
Puede desarrollarse como el ejercicio anterior, haciendo: n = 3 3 x 3 x 2 x x e dx = x e 3 x e dx , Adems:
3 x ( x)dx =
w w
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at em
x3+1 ( x) 2 2 x 4 ( x) 2 1 3 3 2 1 x x dx = x ( x)dx ( ) 3 +1 3 +1 4 2 3 Para la integral resultante: x ( x)dx
at
3 2 x ( x) dx =
ic
a1 .c
om
103
x e dx = e ( x 3x + 6 x 6) + c 4.69.- sec xdx = sec x sec xdx

3 x
Reemplazando en y luego en : 3 x 3 x 2 x x x x e dx = x e 3 x e 2( xe e ) +c
x
3 2
x 2 e x dx = x 2 e x 2 xe x dx , Adems: xe x dx = xe x e x dx = xe x e x + c
n2
Solucin.u = sec n 2 x du = (n 2) secn 3 x sec x gxdx
dv = sec 2 xdx v = gx
= sec n 2 x gx (n 2) g 2 x sec n 2 xdx = sec n 2 x gx (n 2) (sec 2 x 1) sec n 2 xdx

= sec n 2 x gx (n 2) secn xdx +(n 2) secn 2 xdx , Se tiene: (n 1) sec n xdx = sec n 2 x gx + (n 2) sec n 2 xdx
n sec xdx =
sec
xdx = sec n 2 x gx (n 2) sec n xdx +(n 2) sec n 2 xdx secn 2 x gx (n 2) + secn 2 xdx (n 1) (n 1)
Solucin.Puede desarrollarse como caso particular del ejercicio anterior, haciendo: n=3 sec3 2 x gx 3 2 sec x gx 1 3 xdx sec = + sec3 2 xdx = + sec xdx 3 1 3 1 2 2 sec x gx 1 = + sec x gx + c 2 2 4.71.- x xdx Solucin.u = x dx du = x 2 x xdx x xdx = 2 x 2 = 4.72.- x n ax dx, n 1
dv = xdx v= x2 2
x2 1 x x2 + c 2 4
Solucin.dv = xdx u = ax x n +1 dx v= du = n +1 x n +1 x 1 x n +1 x n +1 n n x ax dx = ax x dx = ax +c n +1 n +1 n +1 (n + 1) 2
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4.70.- sec3 xdx
104
4.73.- arcs e n axdx Solucin.u = arcs e n ax adx du = 1 a2 x2
dv = dx v=x axdx 1 a2 x2 = x arcs e n ax + 1 (2a 2 x)dx 2a 1 a 2 x 2
arcs e n axdx = x arcs e n ax

1
1 (1 a 2 x 2 ) 2 1 + c = x arcs e n ax + 1 a2 x2 + c 1 a 2a 2 4.74.- x s e n axdx = x arcs e n ax + dv = s e n axdx 1 v = cos ax a x 1 x 1 x s e n axdx = a cos ax + a cos axdx = a cos ax + a 2 s e n ax + c 1 x = 2 s e n ax cos ax + c a a 2 4.75.- x cos axdx u=x du = dx
Solucin.-
x2 2 x cos axdx = a s e n ax a x s e n axdx , aprovechando el ejercicio anterior: x2 2 1 x x2 2 2x = s e n ax 2 s e n ax cos ax + c = s e n ax 3 s e n ax 2 cos ax + c a aa a a a a

2
4.76.- x sec 2 axdx Solucin.-
dv = sec 2 axdx 1 v = gax a x 1 x 11 2 x sec axdx = a gax a gaxdx = a gax a a sec ax + c x 1 = gax 2 sec ax + c a a 4.77.- cos( x)dx
u=x du = dx
Solucin.-
.M
u = x2 du = 2 xdx
at
em
Solucin.-
dv = cos axdx 1 v = s e n ax a
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105
u = cos( x) dv = dx s e n( x) du = dx v=x x cos( x)dx = x cos( x) + s e n( x)dx , aprovechando el ejercicio:4.43
s e n( x)dx = 2 [s e n( x) cos( x)] + c , Luego:

= x cos( x) + = x x x [s e n( x) cos( x)] + c = x cos( x) + s e n( x) cos( x) + c 2 2 2 x [ cos( x) + s e n( x)] + c 2 4.78.- (9 + x 2 )dx
Solucin.u = (9 + x 2 ) 2 xdx du = 9 + x2
dv = dx v=x
(9 + x 2 )dx = x (9 + x 2 ) 2
x 2 dx 9 dx = x (9 + x 2 ) 2 1 2 2 9+ x 9+ x
dv = cos(2 x + 1)dx 1 v = s e n(2 x + 1) 2 x 1 x cos(2 x + 1)dx = 2 s e n(2 x + 1) 2 s e n(2 x + 1)dx x 1 = s e n(2 x + 1) + cos(2 x + 1) + c 2 4 4.80.- x arc sec xdx
Solucin.u = arc sec x dv = xdx dx x2 du = v = x x2 1 2 x2 1 xdx x2 1 2 x xdx = x = x 1 + c arc sec arc sec arc sec x 2 2 2 x2 1 2 4.81.- arc sec xdx Solucin.-
u=x du = dx
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at
em
Solucin.-
at
4.79.- x cos(2 x + 1)dx
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= x (9 + x 2 ) 2 dx + 18
dx =x (9 + x 2 ) 2 x + 6 arc g x + c 3 9 + x2
om
106
u = arc sec x 1 dx du = 2 x x 1 xdx = x arc sec x
dv = dx v=x
Solucin.u = 1 x dx du = 1 x
dv = dx v=x xdx 1 = x 1 x 1 + dx x 1 x 1
1 x dx = x 1 x
= x 1 x dx
4.84.- ( x 2 + 1)dx Solucin.u = ( x 2 + 1) 2 xdx du = 2 x +1
dx = x 1 x x x 1 + c x 1
dv = dx v=x
( x 2 + 1)dx = x ( x 2 + 1) 2
x 2 dx 1 = x ( x 2 + 1) 2 1 2 dx 2 x +1 x +1
= x ( x 2 + 1) 2 x + 2 arc gx + c
.M
1 dx = x arc sec x x 1 + c 2 x 1 a2 x2 dx x 2 dx 4.82.- a 2 x 2 dx = dx = a 2 a2 x2 a2 x2 a2 x2 x xdx = a 2 arcs e n x , integral que se desarrolla por partes: a a2 x2 Solucin.xdx dv = u=x a2 x2 du = dx v = a2 x2 x = a 2 arcs e n x a 2 x 2 + a 2 x 2 dx , Se tiene que: a x 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 a x dx = a arcs e n a + x a x a x dx , De donde: x 2 a 2 x 2 dx = a 2 arcs e n + x a 2 x 2 + c a 2 a x x 2 2 2 2 a x dx = 2 arcs e n a + 2 a x + c 4.83.- 1 x dx
arc sec
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107
4.85.- arc g xdx Solucin.u = arc g x dx 1 du = 1+ x 2 x
dv = dx v=x
1 xdx En la integral resultante, se recomienda la 2 1+ x sustitucin: x = t , esto es x = t 2 , dx = 2tdt
arc g
xdx = x arc g x
Solucin.u = arc g x 2 1
4.87.- x arc g x 2 1dx
dv = xdx v= x2 2
du =
dx x x2 1
2 x arc g x 1dx =
x arc gx dx ( x 2 + 1) 2 Solucin.-
1 1 2 x2 xdx x2 = arc g x 2 1 x 1 + c arc g x 2 1 2 2 2 x2 1 2
4.88.-
xdx ( x + 1) 2 dx du = 2 1 v= x +1 2( x 2 + 1) x arc gx arc gx 1 dx ( x2 + 1)2 dx = 2( x 2 + 1) + 2 ( x 2 + 1)2 , Se recomienda la siguiente sustitucin:
u = arc gx
dv =
.M
t 2 tdt t 2 dt 1 x g x dt arc 1 = 2 1+ t2 1 + t 2 = x arc g x 1+ t dt = x arc g x dt + = x arc g x t + arc gt + c 1+ t2 = x arc g x x + arc g x + c x arcs e n x 4.86.- dx 1 x2 Solucin.u = arcs e n x xdx dv = dx 1 x2 du = 1 x2 v = 1 x2 x arcs e n x 2 2 1 x 2 dx = 1 x arcs e n x + dx = 1 x arcs e n x + x + c = x arc g x 1 2
at em
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108
x = g , de donde: dx = sec 2 d ; x 2 + 1 = sec 2

arc gx 1 sec 2 d arc gx 1 arc gx 1 1 + cos 2 d + = + cos 2 d = + 2 4 2 2( x + 1) 2 sec 2( x + 1) 2 2( x 2 + 1) 2 2 arc gx 1 1 arc gx 1 1 = + + s e n 2 + c = + arc gx + s e n cos + c 2( x 2 + 1) 4 8 2( x 2 + 1) 4 4 arc gx 1 1 x 1 = + arc gx + +c 2 2 2( x + 1) 4 4 x + 1 x2 + 1 arc gx 1 x = + arc gx + +c 2 2 2( x + 1) 4 4( x + 1) xdx 4.89.- arcs e n x (1 x 2 )3 Solucin.xdx u = arcs e n x dv = 3 (1 x 2 ) 2 dx du = 1 v= 1 x2 1 x2 xdx arcs e n x dx arcs e n x 1 1 x arcs e n x (1 x 2 )3 = 1 x 2 1 x2 = 1 x 2 + 2 1 + x + c =
Solucin.dv = x 2 dx u = 1 x dx x3 du = v= 2 1 x 3 3 3 x 1 x dx 2 x 1 xdx = 3 1 x + 6 1 x , Se recomienda sustitucin: 1 x = t , o sea: x = 1 t 2 , De donde: dx = 2tdt x3 1 (1 t 2 )3 ( 2 t dt ) x3 1 = 1 x + 1 x (1 t 2 )3 dt = 3 3 3 6 t
.M
at
em
at ic
4.90.- x 2 1 xdx
a1 .c om
usar
la
siguiente
x3 1 x3 1 3t 5 t 7 )+c 1 x (1 3t 2 + 3t 4 t 6 )dt = 1 x (t t 3 + 3 3 3 3 5 7 x3 1 3 3 = 1 x 1 x (1 x) 1 x + (1 x) 2 1 x (1 x)3 1 x + c 3 3 5 7 1 x 3 3 1 3 x 1 (1 x) + (1 x) 2 (1 x)3 + c 5 7
109
IMPORTANTE: En este captulo ningn resultado, o casi ninguno, se presentaron en su forma ms reducida. Esto es intencional. Una de las causas del fracaso en stos tpicos, a veces est en el mal uso del lgebra elemental. He aqu una oportunidad para mejorar tal eficiencia. Exprese cada resultado en su forma ms reducida.
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110
CAPITULO 5
INTEGRACION DE FUNCIONES CUADRATICAS
Una funcin cuadrtica, es de la forma: ax 2 + bx + c y si sta aparece en el denominador, la integral que la contiene se hace fcil de encontrar, para la cual conviene diferenciar dos tipos esenciales en lo que se refiere al numerador.
dx x + 2x + 5 Solucin.- Completando cuadrados, se tiene: x 2 + 2 x + 5 = ( x 2 + 2 x + __) + 5 __ = ( x 2 + 2 x + 1) + 5 1 = ( x 2 + 2 x + 1) + 4 x 2 + 2 x + 5 = ( x + 1) 2 + 22 , luego se tiene: dx dx x 2 + 2 x + 5 = ( x + 1)2 + 22 . Sea: w = x + 1, dw = dx; a = 2 dx dw 1 w 1 x +1 ( x + 1)2 + 22 = w2 + 22 = 2 arc g a + c = 2 arc g 2 + c dx 1 x +1 Respuesta: 2 = arc g +c 2 x + 2x + 5 2 dx 5.2.-Encontrar: 2 4x + 4x + 2 dx dx 1 dx Solucin.- 2 = = 2 2 1 4x + 4x + 2 4( x + x + ) 4 x + x + 1 2 2 Completando cuadrados: 1 1 1 1 1 1 x 2 + x + 1 = ( x 2 + x + __) + __ = ( x 2 + x + ) + = ( x 2 + x + ) + 2 2 4 2 4 4 4 1 1 1 ( x 2 + x + ) = ( x + )2 + ( )2 , luego se tiene: 2 2 2 1 dx 1 dx , Sea: w = x + 1 , dw = dx; a = 1 = 2 2 4 x2 + x + 1 4 ( x + 1 )2 + ( 1 )2 2 2 2 x+ 1 dx dw w 1 1 11 1 1 2 +c = = = + = g c g arc arc 1 a 4 ( x + 1 ) 2 + ( 1 ) 2 4 w2 + a 2 4 a 41 2 2 2 2 2x + 1 1 1 2 = arc g + c = arc g (2 x + 1) + c 1 2 2 2
5.1.-Encontrar:
2
w w
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a1
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111
dx 1 = arc g (2 x + 1) + c 4x + 4x + 2 2 2 xdx 5.3.-Encontrar: 2 x x +1 2 Solucin.- u = x x + 1, du = (2 x 1)dx 2 xdx (2 x 1 + 1)dx (2 x 1)dx dx du dx x2 x + 1 = x2 x + 1 = x2 x + 1 + x2 x + 1 = u + x2 x + 1 Completando cuadrados: 1 1 x 2 x + 1 = ( x 2 x + __) + 1__ = ( x 2 x + ) + 1 4 4 3 x 2 x + 1 = ( x 2 1 ) 2 + , Luego se tiene: 2 4 du dx du du du dx u + x2 x + 1 = u + 1 2 3 = u + 1 2 3 2 (x ) + ( ) (x ) + 2 2 2 4 1 3 , luego: w = x , dw = dx; a = 2 2 du dx du dw 1 w u + 1 2 3 2 = u + w2 + a 2 = u + a arc g a + c (x ) + ( ) 2 2 2x 1 1 x 1 2 + c = x 2 x + 1 + 2 3 arc g 2 + c = x2 x + 1 + arc g 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 xdx 2 3 2x 1 Respuesta: 2 = x2 x + 1 + arc g +c x x +1 3 3 x 2 dx 5.4.-Encontrar: 2 x + 2x + 5 Solucin.x 2 dx 2x + 5 2x + 5 dx , 1 2 dx = dx 2 x2 + 2 x + 5 = x + 2x + 5 x + 2x + 5 Sea: u = x 2 + 2 x + 5, du = (2 x + 2)dx Ya se habr dado cuenta el lector que tiene que construir en el numerador, la expresin: (2 x + 2)dx . Luego se tiene: (2 x + 2 + 3) (2 x + 2)dx dx , = dx 2 dx = dx 2 + 3 2 x + 2x + 5 x + 2x + 5 x + 2x + 5 Completando cuadrados, se tiene: x 2 + 2 x + 5 = ( x 2 + 2 x + __) + 5 __ = ( x 2 + 2 x + 1) + 5 1 = ( x 2 + 2 x + 1) + 4 = ( x + 1) 2 + 22 Luego se admite como forma equivalente a la anterior: du dx dx u 3 ( x + 1)2 + 22 , Sea: w = x + 1, dw = dx; a = 2 , luego:
Respuesta:
2
w w
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112
du dw 1 w 3 2 = x u 3 arc g + c 2 u w +a a a 3 x + 1 = x x 2 + 2 x + 5 arc g +c 2 2 x 2 dx 3 x +1 Respuesta: 2 = x x 2 + 2 x + 5 arc g +c x + 2x + 5 2 2 2x 3 5.5.-Encontrar: 2 dx x + 2x + 2 Solucin.- Sea: u = x 2 + 2 x + 2, du = (2 x + 2)dx 2x 3 2x + 2 5 2x + 2 dx x2 + 2 x + 2dx = x 2 + 2 x + 2dx = x 2 + 2 x + 2dx 5 x 2 + 2 x + 2 du dx = dx 5 2 , Completando cuadrados: u x + 2x + 2 x 2 + 2 x + 2 = ( x + 1) 2 + 12 . Luego: du dx = dx 5 , Sea: w = x + 1, du = dx; a = 1 . Entonces se tiene: ( x + 1) 2 + 12 u du dx 1 w = dx 5 2 = u 5 arc g + c = x 2 + 2 x + 5 5arc g ( x + 1) + c 2 u w +a a a 2x 3 Respuesta: 2 dx = x 2 + 2 x + 5 5arc g ( x + 1) + c x + 2x + 2 dx 5.6.-Encontrar: x2 2 x 8 Solucin.- Completando cuadrados se tiene: x 2 2 x 8 = ( x 1) 2 32 dx dx x 2 2 x 8 = ( x 1)2 32 , Sea: w = x 1, dw = dx; a = 3 dw = = w + w2 a 2 + c = x 1 + x 2 2 x 8 + c 2 2 w a dx Respuesta: = x 1 + x2 2 x 8 + c 2 x 2x 8 xdx 5.7.-Encontrar: x2 2 x + 5 Solucin.- Sea: u = x 2 2 x + 5, du = (2 x 2)dx . Luego: xdx 1 2 xdx 1 2x 2 + 2 x 2 2 x + 5 = 2 x 2 2 x + 5 = 2 x 2 2 x + 5 dx 1 (2 x 2)dx 2 dx 1 du dx = + = + 2 u x2 2 x + 5 2 x2 2 x + 5 2 x2 2x + 5 Completando cuadrados se tiene: x 2 + 2 x + 5 = ( x 1) 2 + 22 . Por lo tanto: = dx
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co m
113
1 1 2 dx . Sea: w = x 1, du = dx; a = 2 u du + 2 ( x 1) 2 + 22
1
1 1 dw 1 u2 1 = u 2 du + = + w + w2 + a 2 + c = u 2 + w + w 2 + a 2 + c 2 2 2 2 1 w +a 2
= x2 + 2x + 5 + x 1 + x2 2x + 5 + c
x 2x + 5 ( x + 1)dx 5.8.-Encontrar: 2 x x2 Solucin.- Sea: u = 2 x x 2 , du = (2 2 x)dx .Luego: ( x + 1)dx 1 2( x + 1)dx 1 (2 x 2)dx 1 (2 x + 2 4)dx 2 x x2 = 2 2 x x2 = 2 2 x x2 = 2 2 x x2 1 (2 2 x)dx 4 dx 1 du dx = + = + 2 2 2 u 2 x x2 2 2x x2 2x x2 Completando cuadrados: 2 x x 2 = ( x 2 2 x) = ( x 2 2 x + 1 1) = ( x 2 2 x + 1) + 1
2
Respuesta:
xdx
= x2 2x + 5 + x 1 + x2 2x + 5 + c
dw w u2 1 2 1 du + 2 a 2 w2 = u 2 + 2 arcs e n a + c = 2 x x + 2 arcs e n( x 1) + c 2 ( x + 1)dx Respuesta: = 2 x x 2 + 2 arcs e n( x 1) + c 2 2x x xdx 5.9.-Encontrar: 5x2 2 x + 1 Solucin.- Sea: u = 5 x 2 2 x + 1, du = (10 x 2)dx . Luego: xdx 1 10 xdx 1 (10 x 2 + 2)dx 5 x2 2 x + 1 = 10 5 x 2 2 x + 1 = 10 5 x2 2 x + 1 1 (10 x 2)dx 2 dx 1 du 1 dx = + = + 10 u 5 5x2 2 x + 1 5 x 2 2 x + 1 10 5 x 2 2 x + 1 10 dx dx 1 du 1 1 1 1 = + = u 2 du + 10 u 5 5 5 5( x 2 2 x + 1 ) 10 ( x2 2 x + 1 ) 5 5 5 5 2 1 2 1 Completando cuadrados: x 2 x + = ( x 2 x + __) + __ 5 5 5 5 2 1 1 1 = ( x2 x + ) + = ( x 1 ) 2 + ( 2 ) 2 , Luego es equivalente: 5 5 5 25 5 25
w .M
1 = 2
at
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ic
= ( x 1) 2 + 1 = 1 ( x 1) 2 . Luego la expresin anterior es equivalente a: 1 1 dx = u 2 du + 2 . Sea: w = x 1, dw = dx; a = 1 . Entonces: 2 1 ( x 1) 2
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dx 1 1 1 u 2 du + , Sea: w = x 1 , dw = dx; a = 2 , 5 5 2 2 10 5 5 1 2 (x ) + ( ) 5 5 1 1 1 dw 1 u2 1 1 2 Entonces: = u du + = + w + w2 + a 2 + c 2 2 1 10 10 5 5 5 5 w +a 2 = 5x2 2 x + 1 1 1 5x2 2 x + 1 x + = + +c 5 5 5 5 5 5x2 2 x + 1 xdx 5.10.-Encontrar: 5 + 4 x x2 Solucin.- u = 5 + 4 x x 2 , du = (4 2 x)dx . Luego: 2 xdx xdx 1 1 (2 x + 4 4)dx 5 + 4 x x2 = 2 5 + 4 x x2 = 2 5 + 4 x x2 1 (4 2 x)dx 4 dx 1 du dx = + = + 2 2 2 2 2 2 u 5 + 4x x 5 + 4x x 5 + 4 x x2 Completando cuadrados: 5 + 4 x x 2 = ( x 2 4 x 5) = ( x 2 4 x + 4 4 5) = ( x 2 4 x + 4) + 9 = 9 ( x 2) 2 = 32 ( x 2) 2 . Equivalente a: 1 1 dx . Sea: w = x 2, dw = dx; a = 3 . Entonces: = u 2 du + 2 2 2 3 ( x 2) 2
Respuesta:
xdx
5x2 2 x + 1 5 1 5x2 2x + 1 x + + +c 5 25 5 5
w 1 1 2 dw 1 u2 + = + 2 arcs e n + c u du 2 a 2 2 1 a 2 w2 2 x2 = 5 + 4 x x 2 + 2 arcs e n +c 3 xdx x2 Respuesta: = 5 + 4 x x 2 + 2 arcs e n +c 2 3 5 + 4x x dx 5.11.-Encontrar: 2 + 3x 2 x 2 Solucin.- Completando cuadrados se tiene: 3 9 25 2 + 3x 2 x 2 = (2 x 2 3 x 2) = 2( x 2 3 x 1) = 2( x 2 x + ) 2 2 16 16 3 9 25 = 2 ( x 2 x + ) = 2 ( x 3 ) 2 ( 5 ) 2 = 2 ( 5 ) 2 ( x 3 ) 2 , luego: 4 4 4 4 2 16 16 dx dx dx 1 = 2 + 3x 2 x 2 = 5 2 2 ( 5 )2 ( x 3 )2 2 ( ) ( x 3 )2 4 4 4 4 Sea: w = x 3 , dw = dx, a = 5 . Luego: 4 4
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x 3 1 1 1 1 dx dw w 4 +c arcs n arcs n = = e + c = e 5 2 a 2 w2 2 5 2 a 2 3 2 2 ( ) (x ) 4 4 4 2 4x 3 = arcs e n +c 2 5 dx 2 4x 3 Respuesta: = arcs e n +c 2 5 2 + 3x 2 x 2 dx 5.12.-Encontrar: 2 3 x + 12 x + 42 Solucin.dx dx 1 dx 1 dx 3x 2 + 12 x + 42 = 3( x 2 + 4 x + 14) = 3 ( x2 + 4 x + 14) = 3 ( x 2 + 4 x + 4 + 10) = 1 dx 1 dx 1 1 x+2 = = = g +c arc 2 3 ( x + 2) + 10 3 ( x + 2) 2 + ( 10) 2 3 10 10 = 10 dx x+2 = arc g +c 3x + 12 x + 42 30 10 3x 2 dx 5.13.-Encontrar: 2 x 4x + 5 Solucin.- Sea: u = x 2 4 x + 5, du = (2 x 4)dx , Luego: 3x 2 xdx dx ( x 2) + 2 dx x2 4 x + 5dx = 3 x 2 4 x + 5 2 x2 4 x + 5 = 3 x2 4 x + 5 2 x 2 4 x + 5 ( x 2) dx dx 3 du dx = 3 2 + 6 2 2 2 = + 4 2 x 4x + 5 x 4x + 5 x 4x + 5 2 u x 4x + 5 3 du dx 3 dx = + 4 2 = x 2 4 x + 5 + 4 2 u ( x 4 x + 4) + 1 2 ( x 2) 2 + 1 3 = x 2 4 x + 5 + 4 arc g ( x 2) + c 2 3x 2 3 Respuesta: 2 dx = x 2 4 x + 5 + 4 arc g ( x 2) + c 2 x 4x + 5
Respuesta:
2
Usando Esencialmente la tcnica tratada, encontrar las integrales siguientes: 5.14.- x 2 + 2 x 3dx 5.17.- x 2 8 xdx 5.15.- 12 + 4 x x 2 dx 5.18.- 6 x x 2 dx 5.16.- x 2 + 4 xdx 5.19.-
w w
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(5 4 x)dx
12 x 4 x 2 8
116
27 + 6 x x dx 5.23.- 2 4 x + 4 x + 10 3 2 ( x + )dx 5.26.- 2 2 3 9 x 12 x + 8 3dx 5.29.- 80 + 32 x 4 x 2

2
5.20.-
xdx
( x 1)dx 3x 2 4 x + 3 (2 x + 2)dx 5.24.- 2 x 4x + 9 ( x + 6)dx 5.27.- 5 4x x2

5.21.-
5.22.- 5.25.-
(2 x 3)dx x 2 + 6 x + 15 (2 x + 4)dx
4 x x2 dx 5.28.- 2 2 x + 20 x + 60 28 12 x x 2 dx 5.34.- 2 x 2x + 5 (2 x + 3)dx 5.37.- 2 4x + 4x + 5 dx 5.40.- x2 6 x

5.31.-
5.32.- 12 8 x 4 x 2 dx
12 x 4 x 8 5.33.- x 2 x + 5 dx 4
2
5.30.-
dx
5dx
8 + 2x x ( x + 2)dx 5.38.- 2 x + 2x + 2 ( x 1)dx 5.41.- 2 x + 2x + 2
5.35.-
(1 x)dx
2
5.36.-
xdx x + 4x + 5 (2 x + 1)dx 5.39.- 2 x + 8x 2

2
RESPUESTAS
5.14.- x 2 2 x 3dx
x 2 2 x 3dx = ( x 1) 2 22 dx = u 2 a 2 du
1 1 = u u2 a2 a2 u + u2 a2 + c 2 2 1 1 = ( x 1) ( x 1) 2 22 22 ( x 1) + ( x 1) 2 22 + c 2 2 1 = ( x 1) x 2 2 x 3 2 ( x 1) + x 2 2 x 3 + c 2
5.15.- 12 + 4 x x 2 dx Solucin.- Completando cuadrados se tiene: 12 + 4 x x 2 = ( x 2 4 x 12) = ( x 2 4 x + 4 12 4) = ( x 2 4 x + 4) + 16
= 42 ( x 2) 2 Haciendo: u = x 2, du = dx; a = 4 , se tiene:
1 1 u 12 + 4 x x 2 dx = 42 ( x 2) 2 dx = a 2 u 2 du = u a 2 u 2 + a 2 arcs e n + c 2 2 a
Solucin.- Completando cuadrados se tiene: x 2 2 x 3 = ( x 2 2 x + 1) 3 1 = ( x 1) 2 4 = ( x 1) 2 22 Haciendo: u = x 1, du = dx; a = 2 , se tiene:
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1 1 ( x 2) = ( x 2) 42 ( x 2)2 + 42 arcs e n +c 2 2 4 1 ( x 2) = ( x 2) 12 + 4 x x 2 + 8arcs e n +c 2 4

5.16.- x 2 + 4 xdx Solucin.- Completando cuadrados se tiene: x 2 + 4 x = ( x 2 + 4 x + 4) 4 = ( x + 2) 2 22 Haciendo: u = x + 2, du = dx; a = 2 , se tiene:
x 2 + 4 xdx = ( x + 2) 2 22 dx = u 2 a 2 du
1 1 = u u2 a2 a2 u + u 2 a2 + c 2 2 1 1 = ( x + 2) ( x + 2) 2 22 22 ( x + 2) + ( x + 2) 2 22 + c 2 2 ( x + 2) 2 x + 4 x 2 ( x + 2) + x 2 + 4 x + c = 2
5.17.- x 2 8 xdx Solucin.- Completando cuadrados se tiene: x 2 8 x = ( x 2 8 x + 16) 16 = ( x 4) 2 42 Haciendo: u = x 4, du = dx; a = 4 , se tiene: 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ( x 4) 4 dx = u a du = 2 u u a 2 a u + u a + c 1 1 = ( x 4) ( x 4)2 42 42 ( x 4) + ( x 4) 2 42 + c 2 2 ( x 4) 2 x 8 x 8 ( x 4) + x 2 8 x + c = 2 5.18.- 6 x x 2 dx Solucin.- Completando cuadrados se tiene: 6 x x 2 = ( x 2 6 x) = ( x 2 6 x + 9 9) = ( x 2 6 x + 9) + 9 = 32 ( x 3) 2 Haciendo: u = x 3, du = dx; a = 3 , se tiene: 1 1 2 u 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 6 x x dx = 3 ( x 3) dx = a u du = 2 u a u + 2 a arcs e n a + c 1 1 x 3 = ( x 3) 32 ( x 3) 2 + 32 arcs e n +c 2 2 3 ( x 3) 9 x 3 6 x x 2 + arcs e n = +c 2 2 3 (5 4 x)dx 5.19.- 12 x 4 x 2 8 Solucin.- Sea: u = 12 x 4 x 2 8, du = (12 8 x)dx
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1 2(4 x + 5)dx 1 (8 x + 10)dx = 12 x 4 x 8 12 x 4 x 8 2 12 x 4 x 2 8 2 12 x 4 x 2 8 1 (8 x + 12 2)dx 1 (8 x + 12)dx dx = = 2 12 x 4 x 2 8 2 12 x 4 x 2 8 12 x 4 x 2 8 1 (8 x + 12)dx dx 1 (8 x + 12)dx 1 dx = = 2 2 2 2 12 x 4 x 8 4(3x x 2) 2 12 x 4 x 8 2 3x x 2 2
(5 4 x)dx
2
(4 x + 5)dx
2
Completando cuadrados se tiene:
9 9 9 9 3 x x 2 2 = ( x 2 3x + 2) = ( x 2 3 x + + 2) = ( x 2 3 x + ) + 2 4 4 4 4 1 1 3 = ( x 3 ) 2 + = ( ) 2 ( x ) 2 2 4 2 2 1 (8 x + 12)dx 1 dx = 2 2 12 x 4 x 8 2 ( 1 )2 ( x 3 )2 2 2 2 Haciendo: u = 12 x 4 x 8, du = (12 8 x)dx y w = x 3 , dw = dx , entonces: 2 1 1 du 1 dw 1 u2 1 w = = arcs e n +c 1 2 2 2 1 u 2 ( 1 ) 2 w2 2 2 2 1 1 1 = u 2 arcs e n 2 w + c = 12 x 4 x 2 8 arcs e n(2 x 3) + c 2 2 xdx 5.20.- 27 + 6 x x 2 Solucin.- Sea: u = 27 + 6 x x 2 , du = (6 2 x)dx 2 xdx xdx 1 1 (2 x + 6 6)dx 27 + 6 x x2 = 2 27 + 6 x x 2 = 2 27 + 6 x x2 1 (2 x + 6)dx dx 1 du dx = + 3 = + 3 2 2 u 27 + 6 x x 2 27 + 6 x x 2 27 + 6 x x 2 Completando cuadrados se tiene: 27 + 6 x x 2 = ( x 2 6 x 27) = ( x 2 6 x + 9 9 27) = ( x 2 6 x + 9) + 36 = 62 ( x 3) 2 , Luego: 1 1 dx 1 u2 x 3 = u 2 du + 3 = + 3arcs e n +c 2 2 2 6 2 1 6 ( x 3) 2 x 3 x3 1 = u 2 + 3arcs e n + c = 27 + 6 x x 2 + 3arcs e n +c 6 6 ( x 1)dx 5.21.- 2 3x 4 x + 3 Solucin.- Sea: u = 3x 2 4 x + 3, du = (6 x 4)dx ( x 1)dx 1 (6 x 6)dx 1 (6 x 4 2)dx 1 (6 x 4)dx 1 dx 3x 2 4 x + 3 = 6 3x 2 4 x + 3 = 6 3x 2 4 x + 3 = 6 3x 2 4 x + 3 3 3x 2 4 x + 3
1
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= x 2 + 6 x + 15
5.23.-
2
3 6 x+3 arc g +c 2 6
dx 4 x + 4 x + 10 Solucin.dx dx 1 dx 4 x 2 + 4 x + 10 = 4( x 2 + x + 5 ) = 4 ( x2 + x + 5 ) , Completando cuadrados: 2 2 5 1 5 1 1 9 1 3 x 2 + x + = ( x 2 + x + ) + = ( x + )2 + = ( x + )2 + ( )2 2 4 2 4 2 4 2 2 1 x+ 1 dx 1 1 2 + c = 1 arc g 2 x + 1 + c arc g = = 1 3 3 3 4 ( x + )2 + ( )2 4 6 3 2 2 2 2 (2 x + 2)dx 5.24.- 2 x 4x + 9 Solucin.- Sea: u = x 2 4 x + 9, du = (2 x 4)dx
1 du 1 dx 1 du 1 dx 2 = 6 u 3 3x 4 x + 3 6 u 3 3( x 2 4 x + 1) 3 1 du 1 dx = 2 4 6 u 9 (x x + 1) 3 Completando cuadrados se tiene: 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 x 2 x + 1 = ( x 2 x + ) + 1 = ( x 2 x + ) + = ( x 2 )2 + ( 5 )2 3 3 3 3 9 9 3 9 9 x2 1 du 1 1 1 1 dx 3 +c arc g = = u 6 u 9 ( x 2 )2 + ( 5 )2 6 9 5 5 3 3 3 3 1 5 3x 2 = 3x 2 4 x + 3 arc g +c 6 15 5 (2 x 3)dx 5.22.- 2 x + 6 x + 15 Solucin.- Sea: u = x 2 + 6 x + 15, du = (2 x + 6)dx (2 x 3)dx (2 x + 6 9)dx (2 x + 6)dx dx x2 + 6 x + 15 = x 2 + 6 x + 15 = x2 + 6 x + 15 9 x 2 + 6 x + 15 du dx = 9 2 , Completando cuadrados se tiene: u x + 6 x + 15 x 2 + 6 x + 15 = ( x 2 + 6 x + 9) + 15 9 = ( x + 3) 2 + 62 = ( x + 3) 2 + ( 6)2 du dx 1 x+3 = 9 = x 2 + 6 x + 15 9 +c arc g 2 2 u ( x + 3) + ( 6) 6 6 =
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(2 x + 2)dx (2 x 4 + 6)dx (2 x 4)dx dx = 2 = 2 + 6 2 2 4x + 9 x 4x + 9 x 4x + 9 x 4x + 9 du dx = + 6 2 , Completando cuadrados se tiene: u x 4x + 9 x 2 4 x + 9 = ( x 2 4 x + 4) + 9 4 = ( x 2) 2 + 5 = ( x 2) 2 + ( 5) 2 , du dx 1 x2 = + 6 = u +6 +c arc g 2 2 u ( x 2) + ( 5) 5 5
= x2 4 x + 9 +
5.25.-
6 5 x2 arc g +c 5 5
(2 x + 4)dx
5.26.-
3 2 ( x + 2 )dx 3 9 x 2 12 x + 8 Solucin.- Sea: u = 9 x 2 12 x + 8, du = (18 x 12)dx 3 2 ( x + 2 )dx 2 1 (18 x + 27)dx 1 (18 x + 27)dx 1 (18 x 12 + 39)dx = = = 2 3 9 x 12 x + 8 3 18 9 x 2 12 x + 8 27 9 x 2 12 x + 8 27 9 x 2 12 x + 8 1 (18 x 12)dx 39 dx 1 du 39 dx = + 2 = + 2 27 9 x 12 x + 8 27 9 x 12 x + 8 27 u 27 9( x 2 4 x + 8 ) 3 9 1 du 39 dx = + 27 u 27 9 ( x 2 4 x + 8 ) 3 9 Completando cuadrados se tiene: 4 8 4 4 8 4 x 2 + = ( x 2 x + ) + = ( x 2 )2 + 4 = ( x 2 )2 + ( 2 )2 3 9 3 3 3 9 3 9 9 9 x2 1 du 39 1 39 1 dx 3 +c arc g = + = + u 2 2 2 2 2 2 27 u 27 9 ( x ) + ( ) 27 27 9 3 3 3 3
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= 2 4 x x 2 + 8arcs e n
x2 +c 2
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ic
a1
4 x x2 Solucin.- Sea: u = 4 x x 2 + 9, du = (4 2 x)dx (2 x + 4)dx (2 x 4)dx (2 x + 4 8)dx (2 x + 4)dx dx 4 x x 2 = 4 x x 2 = 4 x x 2 = 4 x x 2 + 8 4 x x 2 dx 1 , Completando cuadrados se tiene: = u 2 du + 8 4 x x2 4 x x 2 = ( x 2 4 x) = ( x 2 4 x + 4 4) = ( x 2 4 x + 4) + 4 = 22 ( x 2) 2 dx x2 1 1 = u 2 du + 8 = 2u 2 + 8arcs e n +c 2 22 ( x 2) 2
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1 13 3x 2 9 x 2 12 x + 8 arc g +c 27 54 2 ( x + 6)dx 5.27.- 5 4 x x2 Solucin.- Sea: u = 5 4 x x 2 , du = (4 2 x)dx ( x + 6)dx 1 (2 x 12)dx 1 (2 x 4 8)dx 5 4 x x2 = 2 5 4 x x2 = 2 5 4 x x2 1 (2 x 4)dx dx 1 du dx = + 4 = + 4 2 2 2 2 u 5 4x x 5 4x x 5 4 x x2 Completando cuadrados se tiene: 5 4 x x 2 = 9 ( x + 2) 2 = 32 ( x + 2) 2 1 du dx x+2 = + 4 = u + 4 arcs e n +c 2 2 2 3 u 3 ( x + 2)
=
= 5 4 x x 2 + 4 arcs e n
5.28.-
2
x+2 +c 3
1 dx 1 1 x+5 5 x+5 = arc g +c = arc g +c 2 2 2 ( x + 5) + ( 5) 2 5 10 5 5 3dx 5.29.- 80 + 32 x 4 x 2 Solucin.3dx 3dx 3 dx 80 + 32 x 4 x 2 = 4(20 + 8 x x 2 ) = 2 (20 + 8 x x2 ) Completando cuadrados se tiene: 20 + 8 x x 2 = ( x 2 8 x 20) = ( x 2 8 x + 16 20 16) = ( x 2 8 x + 16) + 36 = ( x 4) 2 + 62 = 62 ( x 4) 2 3 dx 3 x4 = = arcs e n +c 2 2 2 2 6 6 ( x 4)
5.30.-
dx
12 x 4 x 2 8 Solucin.dx dx 1 dx 12 x 4 x 2 8 = 4( x 2 + 3x 2) = 2 ( x 2 + 3x 2) Completando cuadrados se tiene:
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dx 2 x + 20 x + 60 Solucin.dx 1 dx 2 x 2 + 20 x + 60 = 2 x 2 + 10 x + 30 , Completando cuadrados se tiene: x 2 + 10 x + 30 = ( x 2 + 10 x + 25) + 5 = ( x + 5) 2 + ( 5) 2
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9 9 9 1 x 2 + 3x 2 = ( x 2 3 x + 2) = ( x 2 3x + + 2 ) = ( x 2 3x + ) + 4 4 4 4 2 2 3 1 = ( ) (x ) 2 2 x 3 1 dx 1 2 + c = 1 arcs e n(2 x 3) + c = = arcs e n 1 2 2 2 2 2 ( 1 ) (x 3 ) 2 2 2 5dx 5.31.- 28 12 x x 2 Solucin.5dx dx 28 12 x x2 = 5 28 12 x x 2 , Completando cuadrados se tiene: 28 12 x x 2 = 82 ( x + 6) 2 dx x+6 = 5 = 5arcs e n +c 8 82 ( x + 6) 2
Solucin.- Sea: u = x + 1, du = dx; a = 2 Completando cuadrados se tiene: 3 2 x x 2 = ( x 2 + 2 x 3) = ( x 2 + 2 x + 1) + 4 = 22 ( x + 1) 2 5.32.- 12 8 x 4 x 2 dx
1 a2 u 2 22 ( x + 1) 2 dx = 2 a 2 u 2 du = 2( u a 2 u 2 + arcs e n ) + c a 2 2 x +1 = ( x + 1) x 2 2 x + 3 + 4 arcs e n +c 2 5.33.- x 2 x + 5 dx 4 Solucin.- Sea: u = x 1 , du = dx; a = 1 2 Completando cuadrados se tiene: x2 x + 5 = ( x 1 )2 + 1 4 2 x 2 x + 5 dx = ( x 1 ) 2 + 1dx = u 2 + a 2 du 4 2 1 1 = u u2 + a2 + a2 u + u2 + a2 + c 2 2 1 1 = ( x 1 ) x2 x + 5 + x 1 + x2 x + 5 + c 2 4 2 4 2 2 1 1 = (2 x 1) x 2 x + 5 + x 1 + x 2 x + 5 + c 4 2 2 4 4 dx 5.34.- 2 x 2x + 5
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12 8 x 4 x 2 dx = 4(3 2 x x 2 )dx = 2 3 2 x x 2 dx
123
Solucin.- Completando cuadrados se tiene: x 2 2 x + 5 = ( x 2 2 x + 4) + 1 = ( x 2) 2 + 1 dx dx x 2 2 x + 5 = ( x 2)2 + 1 = arc g ( x 2) + c (1 x)dx 5.35.- 8 + 2 x x2 Solucin.- Sea: u = 8 + 2 x x 2 , du = (2 2 x)dx = 2(1 x)dx (1 x)dx 1 du 1 1 2 8 + 2 x x 2 = 2 u = 2 u 2 du = u + c = 8 + 2 x x + c xdx 5.36.- 2 x + 4x + 5 Solucin.- Sea: u = x 2 + 4 x + 5, du = (2 x + 4)dx xdx 1 2 xdx 1 (2 x + 4) 4 x2 + 4 x + 5 = 2 x 2 + 4 x + 5 = 2 x 2 + 4 x + 5 dx 1 (2 x + 4)dx dx 1 du dx = 2 2 2 = 2 2 , Completando cuadrados se 2 x + 4x + 5 x + 4x + 5 2 u x + 4x + 5 tiene: x 2 + 4 x + 5 = ( x 2 + 4 x + 4) + 1 = ( x + 2) 2 + 1 1 du dx 1 = 2 = u 2 arc g ( x + 2) + c 2 2 u ( x + 2) + 1 2 1 = x 2 + 4 x + 5 2 arc g ( x + 2) + c 2 (2 x + 3)dx 5.37.- 2 4x + 4x + 5 Solucin.- Sea: u = 4 x 2 + 4 x + 5, du = (8 x + 4)dx (2 x + 3)dx 1 (8 x + 12)dx 1 (8 x + 4) + 8 4 x 2 + 4 x + 5 = 4 4 x 2 + 4 x + 5 = 4 4 x 2 + 4 x + 5 dx 1 (8 x + 4)dx 1 du 1 du dx dx dx + 2 2 = + 2 2 = + 2 2 2 4 4x + 4x + 5 4x + 4x + 5 4 u 4x + 4x + 5 4 u 4( x + x + 5 ) 4 1 du 1 dx , Completando cuadrados se tiene: = + 4 u 2 ( x2 + x + 5 ) 4 5 1 x2 + x + = ( x2 + x + ) + 1 = ( x + 1 )2 + 1 2 4 4 1 du 1 dx 1 1 = + = u + arc g ( x + 1 ) + c 2 2 4 u 2 (x + 1 ) +1 4 2 2 ( x + 2)dx 5.38.- 2 x + 2x + 2 Solucin.- Sea: u = x 2 + 2 x + 2, du = (2 x + 2)dx
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( x + 2)dx 1 (2 x + 4)dx 1 (2 x + 2) + 2 1 (2 x + 2)dx dx dx = 2 = 2 = 2 + 2 2 2 x + 2x + 2 + 2x + 2 2 x + 2x + 2 2 x + 2x + 2 x + 2x + 2 1 du dx 1 du dx = + 2 = + 2 u x + 2x + 2 2 u ( x + 1) 2 + 1 1 1 = u + arc g ( x + 1) + c = x 2 + 2 x + 2 + arc g ( x + 1) + c 2 2 (2 x + 1)dx 5.39.- 2 x + 8x 2 Solucin.- Sea: u = x 2 + 8 x 2, du = (2 x + 8)dx (2 x + 1)dx (2 x + 8) 7 dx (2 x + 8)dx dx x2 + 8x 2 = x 2 + 8x 2 = x 2 + 8x 2 7 x 2 + 8x 2 du dx du dx = 7 2 = 7 2 u ( x + 8 x + 16) 18 u ( x + 4) (3 2) 2
= u 7
1 ( x + 4) (3 2) +c 2(3 2) ( x + 4) + (3 2)
= x2 + 8x 2
5.40.-
dx
7 2 ( x + 4) (3 2) +c 12 ( x + 4) + (3 2)
5.41.-
( x 1)dx x2 + 2x + 2 Solucin.- Sea: u = x 2 + 2 x + 2, du = (2 x + 2)dx ( x 1)dx 1 (2 x + 2) 4 1 (2 x + 2)dx dx x 2 + 2 x + 2 = 2 x 2 + 2 x + 2 dx = 2 x 2 + 2 x + 2 2 x 2 + 2 x + 2 1 du dx 1 du dx 1 = 2 2 = 2 = u 2 arc g ( x + 1) + c 2 2 u ( x + 1) + 1 2 x + 2x + 2 2 u 1 = x 2 + 2 x + 2 2 arc g ( x + 1) + c 2
x2 6 x Solucin.- Completando cuadrados se tiene: x 2 6 x = ( x 2 + 6 x) = ( x 2 + 6 x + 9) + 9 = 32 ( x + 3) 2 dx x+3 32 ( x + 3)2 = arcs e n 3 + c
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CAPITULO 6
INTEGRACION POR SUSTITUCION TRIGONOMETRICA
Existen integrales que contienen expresiones de las formas: a 2 x 2 , a 2 + x 2 x 2 a 2 , las que tienen fcil solucin si se hace la sustitucin trigonomtrica adecuada. A saber, si la expresin es: a 2 x 2 , la sustitucin adecuada es: x = a s e n x = a cos . Si la expresin es: a 2 + x 2 , entonces: x = a sec
1. Encontrar:
dx (4 x 2 )3
Solucin.- Dada le expresin: 4 x 2 , la forma es: a 2 x 2 , la sustitucin adecuada x es: x = a s e n o sea: x = 2s e n dx = 2 cos d . Adems: s e n = . Una figura a auxiliar adecuada para sta situacin, es:
at ic
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co
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22 x 2 = 2 cos d
3
2 2 (2 (1 s e n ) 2 cos d 2 cos d 2 cos d 1 d 1 = = = 3 = 2 = sec 2 d 3 3 2 (2 cos ) 2 cos 2 cos 4 (22 cos 2 )3 1 1 = sec 2 d = g + c . A partir de la figura triangular se tiene: 4 4 x 1 1 x , Luego: g + c = g = +c 2 4 4 4 x2 4 x dx 1 x = +c Respuesta: 2 3 4 4 x2 (4 x )
dx (4 x )
2 3
dx (2 x )
2 2 3
(2 2 s e n )
2 2 2
2 cos d
3
6.2.-Encontrar: Solucin.-
25 x 2 dx x
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25 x 2 52 x 2 dx = dx , la forma es: a 2 x 2 , luego: x x 52 x 2 = 5cos
Sea: x = 5s e n dx = 5 cos d , x Adems: s e n = 5
52 x 2 5 cos 5cos d cos 2 d (1 s e n 2 )d dx = = 5 = 5 x 5 s e n s e n s e n d = 5 5 s e n d = 5 cos ec 5 s e n d s e n 5 = 5 cos ec co g + 5cos + c .
De la figura se tiene:
cos ec = 5 25 x , luego: , co g = x x
2
52 x 2
5 25 x 2 =5 +5 x x
25 x 2 5 25 x 2 +c =5 + 25 x 2 + c x 5
Solucin.- 4 x x 2 = ( x 2 4 x) = ( x 2 4 x + 4 4) = 4 ( x 2 4 x + 4) = 22 ( x 2) 2 dx dx 2 2 (4 x x 2 )3 = ( 22 ( x 2)2 )3 , la forma es: a u , Luego: x 2 = 2s e n dx = 2 cos d , 22 ( x 2) 2 = 2 cos x2 Adems: s e n = 2 dx 2 cos d 1 d 1 1 2 ( 22 ( x 2)2 )3 = 23 cos3 = 4 cos2 = 4 sec d = 4 g + c
2 x-2
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6.3.-Encontrar:
(4 x x 2 )3
at
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dx
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Respuesta:
25 x 2 5 25 x 2 dx = 5 + 25 x 2 + c x x
De la figura se tiene: Pero: g =

1 x2 g + c = +c 4 4x x 4 4x x2 dx x2 Respuesta: = +c (4 x x 2 )3 4 4 x x 2
2
4 ( x 2) 2 = 4 x x 2
x2
, luego:
127
6.4.-Encontrar:
x 2 dx 3 (a 2 x 2 ) 2
Solucin.x 2 dx x 2 dx 2 2 (a 2 x 2 ) 3 2 = ( a 2 x 2 )3 , la forma es: a x Luego: x = a s e n , dx = a cos , a 2 x 2 = a cos , adems: s e n =

x a
(
=
x 2 dx a 2 x 2 )3
a 2 s e n 2 a cos d a 3 s e n 2 cos d s e n 2 d = = a3 cos cos2 cos2 (a cos )3
(1 cos 2 )d d = d = s ec 2 d d = g + c 2 cos cos 2 a x
De la figura se tiene: Pero: g =

x x y = arcs e n a a a x x x Luego: g + c = arcs e n + c a a2 x2 x 2 dx x x = arcs e n + c Respuesta: 2 2 3 2 2 a (a x ) a x x a2 x2
6.5.-Encontrar: Solucin.dx
dx x
2
9 x2
, la forma es: a 2 x 2
x 3
9 x
dx x
2
3 x
2
Luego: x = 3s e n , dx = 3cos d , 32 x 2 = 3cos , adems: s e n =
dx
2
3 x
2
3cos d 1 d 1 1 = = cos ec 2 d = co g + c 2 2 9 3 s e n 3cos 9 s e n 9

2
w .M
at
em at
ic
a1
.c
om
, adems: s e n =
9 x2
128
Pero: co g = Respuesta:
9 x2 1 9 x2 , luego: co g + c = +c 9 9x x dx = 9 x2 +c 9x
x2 9 x2 x 2 dx 6.6.-Encontrar: 9 x2 Solucin.x 2 dx x 2 dx 2 2 = 9 x 2 32 x 2 , la forma es: a x
Luego: x = 3s e n , dx = 3cos d , 32 x 2 = 3cos , adems: s e n = Usaremos la misma figura anterior, luego: x 2 dx 32 s e n 2 3cos d (1 cos 2 )d = 9 s e n 2 d = 9 = 32 x 2 2 3cos 9 9 9 9 9 9 cos 2 d = s e n 2 + c = 2s e n cos + c 2 2 2 4 2 4
9 9 = s e n cos + c , de la figura se 2 2 x = arcs e n , luego es equivalente: 3 9 x 9 x 9 x2 9 x = arcs e n + c = arcs e n 2 3 43 3 2 3 x 2 dx x 9 9 x2 Respuesta: = arcs e n 3 9 9 x2 2
x 3
at
ic
a1
.c
.M
9 x2 9
at
em
+c
6.7.-Encontrar: x 2 4dx Solucin.-
x 2 4dx = x 2 22 dx , la forma es: x 2 a 2
om
x 9 x2 tiene que: s e n = , cos = 3 3
+c
Luego: x = 2sec , dx = 2sec g d , x 2 22 = 2 g , adems: sec =
x 2
= 4 sec3 d 4 sec d
x 2 22 dx = 2 g 2sec g d = 4 sec g 2 d = 4 sec (sec 2 1)d sec g 1 + sec + g + c , luego lo anterior es 2 2
Se sabe que: sec3 d = equivalente a:
129
1 1 = 4 sec g + sec + g 4 sec + g + c 2 2 = 2sec g + 2 sec + g 4 sec + g + c = 2sec g 2 sec + g + c x

x 2 22
sec =
= 2 = x 2
x , g = 2
x 4 , luego: 2
2
x2 4 x x2 4 x x2 4 x + x2 4 2 + +c = 2 +c 2 2 2 2 2
x x2 4 2 x + x2 4 2 2 + c 2
2
em
x x2 4 Respuesta: x 4dx = 2 x + x2 4 + c 2 2 x dx 6.8.-Encontrar: x 2 16 Solucin.x 2 dx x 2 dx 2 2 = x 2 16 x 2 42 , la forma es: x a
at
ic
a1
.c
om
4 gt x 4 1 1 = 16 sec t gt + sec t + gt + c = 8sec t gt + 8 sec t + gt + c 2 2

2 2
x 2 dx
42 sec 2 t ( 4 sec t gt dt )
w .M
Luego: x = 4sec t , dx = 4sec t gtdt , x 2 42 = 4 gt , adems: sec t =
x 4
= 16 sec3 tdt
at
x 2 16
sec t = =8 = x 4 x , gt = 4 x 16 , luego equivale a: 4
2
x 2 16 x x 2 16 x 2 x x 2 16 x 16 + 8 +8 + +c = +c 4 4 4 2 4
x 2 x 2 x 16 + 8 x x 2 16 8 4 + c = x 16 + 8 x x 2 16 + c 2 2
130
x 16 dx 6.9.-Encontrar: x x2 1 Solucin.dx dx 2 2 x x 2 1 = x x 2 12 , la forma es: x a

2
Respuesta:
x 2 dx
x 2 x 16 + 8 x x 2 16 + c 2
Luego: x = sec t , dx = sec t gtdt , x 2 12 = gt , adems:
dx x2 1
sec t gt dt sec t gt
= dt = t + c , x
x2 1
De la figura se tiene: Dado que: sec t = x t = arc sec x , luego: t + c = arc sec x + c dx Respuesta: = arc sec x + c x x2 1 dx 6.10.-Encontrar: ( 4 x 2 24 x + 27)3 Solucin.dx dx = ( 4 x2 24 x + 27)3 = 4( x 2 6 x + 27 )3 43 4
.M
at
em
at
ic
a1
.c
om
dx x 2 6 x + 27 4
1 dx , Se tiene: 8 ( x 2 6 x + 27 )3 4 27 27 27 x2 6 x + = ( x 2 6 x + __) + __ = ( x 2 6 x + 9) + 9 4 4 4 9 = ( x 2 6 x + 9) = ( x 2 6 x + 27 ) = ( x 3) 2 ( 3 ) 2 , la expresin anterior equivale a: 4 2 4 1 dx 1 dx , siendo la forma: u 2 a 2 , luego: = 3 8 ( x 2 6 x + 27 )3 8 ( x 3) 2 ( 3 ) 2 4 2 x3 x 3 = 3 sec t , dx = 3 sec t gtdt , adems: sec t = 2 2 3 2 x-3 2 27
x 6+ 4
3 2 131
sec t = x , gt = 4 x 2 16 , luego equivale a: 4
Solucin.dx
(16 + x )
2 4
dx (4 + x 2 ) 4
2
4 dx 4sec tdt 1 dt 1 1 (1 + cos 2t ) 2 (42 + x 2 )4 = 44 sec4 t = 64 sec2 t = 64 cos tdt = 64 2 dt 1 1 1 1 = dt + cos 2tdt = t+ s e n 2t + c 128 128 128 256 Como: gt = x t = arc g x , s e n 2t = 2s e n t cos t ; luego: 4 4 1 1 x 4 8x t+ s e n 2t + c = 2 , Se tiene: = 2 128 256 16 + x 2 16 + x 2 16 + x 1 1 8x 1 x arc g x + arc g x + +c = +c 2 4 4 128 256 16 + x 128 32(16 + x 2 )
2
Luego: x = 4 gt , dx = 4sec 2 tdt , 42 + x 2 = 4sec t , adems: gt = x
w .M
6.11.-Encontrar:
dx (16 + x 2 ) 4
at
em at
ic
1 3 sec t gtdt 1 1 1 1 sec 1 dx tdt = 2 2 3 = = cos2t 3 2 2 3 3 g t 18 s e n t 8 8 ( ) g t 8 ( x 3) 2 ( 3 ) 2 2 2 2 2 cos 2 t 1 cos tdt 1 1 (s e n t ) 1 1 1 2 e t tdt (s n ) cos = = = +c = +c 2 18 (s e n t ) 18 18 1 18 (s e n t ) 1 x3 = cos ect + c , como: cos ect = , entonces: 2 18 27 x 6x + 4 1 x3 1 x3 1 x3 = +c = +c = +c 2 2 18 x 2 6 x + 27 18 4 x 24 x + 27 18 4 x 24 x + 27 4 4 2 1 x 3 = +c 9 4 x 2 24 x + 27 dx 1 x3 Respuesta: = +c 9 4 x 2 24 x + 27 ( 4 x 2 24 x + 27)3
a1
.c
om
132
Respuesta:
dx (16 + x )
2 4
1 x x arc g + +c 128 4 32(16 + x 2 )
6.12.-Encontrar:
x 2 dx 3 ( x 2 + 100) 2
Solucin.x 2 dx x 2 dx = ( x2 + 100) 3 2 ( x 2 + 102 )3 , se tiene: x = 10 gt , dt = 10sec2 tdt , x 2 + 102 = 10sec t ;adems: gt =
x , luego: 10
s e n2 t 2 x 2 dx 102 g 2t (10 sec2 t )dt g 2tdt cos 2 t dt = s e n t dt = = = ( x 2 + 102 )3 (103 sec 3 t ) sec t 1 cos t cos t 2 (1 cos t ) dt = dt = cos tdt = sec tdt cos tdt = sec t + gt s e n t + c cos t cos t
Como: sec t =
=
100 + x 2 x x , gt = , adems: s e n t = 10 10 100 + x 2
100 + x 2 x x 100 + x 2 + x x + +c = +c 10 10 10 x 2 + 100 x 2 + 100 x x = 100 + x 2 + x 10 + c = 100 + x 2 + x +c x 2 + 100 x 2 + 100 x 2 dx x Respuesta: 2 = 100 + x 2 + x +c 3 ( x + 100) 2 x 2 + 100
Nota: En los ejercicios 6.11 y 6.12 se ha omitido la figura (tringulo rectngulo). Conviene hacerla y ubicar los datos pertinentes. En adelante se entender que el estudiante agregar este complemento tan importante. x 2 dx 6.13.-Encontrar: 2 2 3 (x + 8 ) 2 Solucin.x 2 dx x 2 dx = ( x 2 + 82 ) 3 2 ( x 2 + 82 ) 3 , se tiene: x = 8 gt , dt = 8sec 2 tdt ,
x 2 + 82 = 8sec t adems: gt =
.M
at
em
at ic
a1 .c om
x , luego: 8
x 2 dx x 2 + 82 ) 3
82 g 2t ( 8 sec 2 t ) 83 sec 3 t
dt =
g 2t
sec t
dt = sec tdt cos tdt
133
= sec t + gt s e n t + c , como: sec t =
x 2 + 64 x , gt = ,s e n t = 8 8
x x + 64
2
Se tiene como expresin equivalente:

x 2 + 64 x x x 2 + 64 + x x + +c = +c 8 8 8 x 2 + 64 x 2 + 64 x = x 2 + 64 + x +c x 2 + 64 x 2 dx x Respuesta: 2 2 3 = x 2 + 64 + x +c 2 2 (x + 8 ) x + 64 dx 6.14.-Encontrar: ( 32 + x 2 ) 4 =
Solucin.- se tiene: x = 3 gt , dx = 3sec 2 tdt , x gt = 3
32 + x 2 = 3sec t , adems:
32 + x 2 ) 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 = t+ s e n 2t + c1 = t + 2s e n t cos t + c = t + s e n t cos t + c 54 108 54 108 54 54 x x x 3 , cos t = Como: gt = t = arc g , adems: s e n t = 2 3 3 9 + x2 9+ x 1 x 1 x 3 1 x x = arc g + + c = arc g + +c 2 2 54 3 54 9 + x 9 + x 54 3 18(9 + x 2 ) dx 1 x x Respuesta: = arc g + +c 3 18(9 + x 2 ) ( 32 + x 2 ) 4 54 x 2 4 x + 13 Solucin.- Completando cuadrados se tiene: x 2 4 x + 13 = ( x 2 4 x + __) + 13 __ = ( x 2 4 x + 4) + 13 4 = ( x 2) 2 + 32
6.15.-Encontrar:
dx
Se tiene: x 2 = 3 gt , dx = 3sec 2 tdt ,

( x 2) 2 + 32 = x 2 4 x + 13 = 3sec t ,
w .M
32 + x 2 = 3sec t
at
em
Sea: x 2 = 3 gt , dx = 3sec 2 tdt ;adems: gt =
dx ( x 2) 2 + 32
3 sec 2 tdt = sec tdt = sec t + gt + c 3sec t
at
ic
a1
x2 , luego: 3
.c
om
dx
3 sec2 t dt 1 dt 1 1 1 = 3 = cos 2 tdt = t + cos 2tdt 2 4 4 54 54 3 + sec t 3 sec t 27
134
x
sec t = = = x 2 4 x + 13 x2 , gt = , luego: 3 3 x 2 4 x + 13 x 2 + +c = 3 3 x 2 4 x + 13 + ( x 2) + c
4 x + 13
x2
x 2 4 x + 13 + ( x 2) +c 3
Respuesta:
dx x 4 x + 13
2
x 2 4 x + 13 + ( x 2) + c
6.16.-Encontrar: 1 + 4 x 2 dx Solucin.-
1 + 4 x 2 dx = 12 + (2 x) 2 dx
.M
at
1 2x Se tiene: 2 x = gt , 2dx = sec 2 tdt dx = sec 2 tdt , Adems: gt = 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 3 1 + (2 x) dx = 1 + g t 2 sec dt = 2 sec t sec tdt = 2 sec tdt 1 1 = sec t gt + sec t gt + c , 4 4
em
at ic a1
.c om
1 + 4x2 , gt = 2 x 1 1 1 1 + 4x2 2 x + 1 + 4x2 + 2x + c = 4 4 1 1 1 + 4x2 2x + 1 + 4 x2 + 2x + c Respuesta: 1 + 4 x 2 dx = 4 4 sec t =
w w
1+ 4x
2x
EJERCICIOS PROPUESTOS:
Utilizando esencialmente la tcnica de sustitucin por variables trigonomtricas, encontrar las integrales siguientes: 6.17.- 4 x 2 6.18.-
dx a x
2 2
6.19.-
dx x + a2
2
135
6.20.- 6.23.- 6.26.- 6.29.-
dx x a2 dx
2
6.21.- 6.24.- 6.27.- 6.30.-
dx x +a dx
2 2
6.22.- 6.25.- 6.28.- 6.31.- 6.34.-
dx x a2 dx
2
x x2 9 x 2 dx 1 x2 dx x 4 x 2 16
x x2 2 x3 dx 2 x2 x2 + 1 dx x
x 1 + x2 x2 9 dx x dx x2 4 x2 x 2 dx
6.32.- a x 2 dx 6.35.-
dx x
2
6.33.- a 2 x 2 dx 6.36.- 6.39.-

dx 5 4 x2 dx x
4 2
x +9
2
x2 + a2 x 2 dx 6.37.- 3 (4 x 2 ) 2
6.38.- x 2 5 x 2 dx 6.41.- 6.44.- 6.47.dx x2 x2 + a2 dx
x +3 dx 6.42.- 2 ( x + a 2 )2
6.40.- x3 a 2 x 2 + b 2 dx 6.43.- x3 a 2 x 2 b 2 dx 6.46.- 6.49.- 6.52.- 6.55.-

x3dx 3x 2 5 dx x 9 x2 dx 1 4 x2 dx
6.53.- 6.56.- 6.59.- 6.62.- 6.65.- 6.68.-
4 + x2 ( x + 1)dx 4 x2 dx 4 ( x 1) 2 x 2 dx 21 + 4 x x dx
2 2
6.54.-
w w
6.50.-
x2 + a2 dx x dx
6.51.-
.M
a2 x2 xdx
6.57.- 6.60.-
4 + x2 dx 2 5x2 x 2 dx
at
em
x 2 100 dx x
at
6.48.-
x2 x2 2 xdx
ic
a1
.c om
x2 a2 x2
6.45.-
2x2 5 dx x dx
x a2 + x2 dx 6.58.- 2 3 (a x 2 ) 2
2 x x2 dx 6.63.- 2 3 ( x 2 x + 5) 2
6.61.- 6.64.- 6.67.- 6.70.-
x 2 dx 17 x 2 (2 x + 1)dx (4 x 2 2 x + 1)3 ( x + 1)dx 2 x x2 xdx x2 + 4 x + 5
( x 1) x 3 x + 2 ( x 1)dx x2 4 x + 3
6.66.- 6.69.-
xdx x 2x + 5 dx
2
x2 2 x 8
136
RESPUESTAS
6.17.- 4 x 2 Solucin.-
Se tiene: x = 2s e n , dx = 2 cos d , 4 + x 2 = 2 cos

4 x2
4 x 2 = 2 cos 2 cos d = 4 cos 2 d = 2 + s e n 2 + c = 2 + 2s e n cos + c
x x 4 x2 = 2 arcs e n + +c 2 2 dx 6.18.- a2 x2
Solucin.- se tiene: x = a s e n , dx = a cos d , a 2 x 2 = a cos
dx a2 x2
2
a cos d x = d = + c = arcs e n + c a a cos
6.19.-
dx dx a sec2 d 1 1 1 x = = x2 + a 2 ( x 2 + a 2 )2 a 2 sec2 = a d = a + c = a arc g a + c dx 6.20.- 2 x x a2 Solucin.-
w w
.M
at
em at ic a1
Solucin.- se tiene: x = a g , dx = a sec 2 d , x 2 + a 2 = a sec
.c om
dx x + a2
x2 a2
Se tiene: x = a sec , dx = a sec g d , x 2 a 2 = a g
x
= =
a sec g d 1 sec d 1 dx dx = = cos ec d = = 2 a g a a a 2 g 2 ( x 2 a 2 )2 x x a

2 2
1 1 cos ec co g = a a 1 a xa x2 a2 dx +c = 1 a
a x a2
2
+c
( x a)2 1 xa +c = +c 2 2 x a 2a x+a
6.21.-
x2 + a2 Solucin.-
+ a
137
Se tiene: x = a g , dx = a sec 2 d , x 2 + a 2 = a sec
dx x2 + a2
a sec 2 d = sec d = sec + g + c a sec x2 + a2 + x + c = x + x2 + a2 a + c a
x2 + a2 x + +c = a a
= x + x2 + a2 + c
6.22.-
dx
2
x a2 Solucin.-
x2 a2
Se tiene: x = a sec , dx = a sec g d , x 2 + a 2 = a g
dx x2 a2
a sec g d a g
= sec d = sec + g + c
dx x2 9
= dx
3sec g d 3sec 3 g
arc sec x 1 1 3 +c d c = + = 3 3 3
6.24.-
x x2 2 Solucin.-
Se tiene: x = 2 sec , dx = 2 sec g d , x 2 2 = 2 g
dx x 2
2
= dx
2 sec g d 2 sec 2 g
x 1 + x2 Solucin.-
6.25.-
Se tiene: x = 3sec , dx = 3sec g d , x 2 9 = 3 g
2 2 2 2 d = arc sec x+c +c = 2 2 2 2
w .M
x x2 9 Solucin.-
at
em
6.23.-
at
dx
ic
a1
x x2 a2 x + x2 a2 = + +c = + c = x + x2 a2 + c a a a
.c
om
1+ x
1 138
Se tiene: x = g , dx = sec 2 d , 1 + x 2 = sec

sec 2 d d x 1 + x2 = g sec = s e n = cos ec d = cos ec co g + c dx = 1 + x2 1 +c = x x x 2 dx 1 + x2 1 +c x
6.26.-
1 x2 Solucin.-
Se tiene: x = s e n , dx = cos d , 1 x 2 = cos

s e n 2 cos d 1 1 = s e n 2 d = s e n 2 + c 1 x2 2 4 cos 1 1 arcs e n x x 1 x2 + c = s e n cos + c = 2 2 2 2 x3dx 6.27.- 2 x2 Solucin.x 2 dx = 1 x2
.c
om
ic
a1
em
2 x2
Se tiene: x = 2 s e n , dx = 2 cos d , 2 x 2 = 2 cos
x3 dx 2 x2
2 2 s e n 3 2 cos d 2 cos
w .M
at
at
= 2 2 s e n 3 d = 2 2( cos +
cos3 )+c 3
= 2 2(
2 x 2 ( 2 x 2 )3 (2 x 2 ) 2 x 2 2 + ) + c = 2(2 x ) + +c 3 2 3( 2)3
x2 9 dx x Solucin.-
6.28.-

x2 9 3 g 3sec g d = 3 g 2 d = 3 (sec 2 1)d x dx = 3sec x = 3 sec 2 d 3 d = 3 g 3 + c = x 2 9 3arc sec + c 3
139
x 4 x 2 16 Solucin.-
6.29.-
dx
Se tiene:
x x2 = sec , dx = 2sec g d , 1 = g 2 4 1 dx 1 dx 1 2sec g d 1 = = = d = + c x 4 x 2 16 4 x 2 4 4 2sec g x ( ) 1 4 2 1 x = arc sec + c 4 2
6.30.-
x2 + 1 dx x Solucin.-
x
2 2
+ 1
Se tiene: x = g , dx = sec d , x + 1 = sec
x +1 sec sec d d 1 dx = = = g + + c , o bien: 2 g x cos s e n 2 cos

2 2
x2 4 x2 Solucin.-
6.31.-
dx
w .M
x2 + 1 1 + x2 + 1 + c x
at
em at
ic
a1
= cos ec co g +
1 +c = cos
x2 + 1 1 1 + +c 1 x x x2 + 1
.c
om
Se tiene: x = 2s e n , dx = 2 cos d ,
4 x 2 = 2 cos
4 x2
dx
2
4 x
2 cos d 1 1 = cos ec 2 d = co g + c 2 4 4s e n 2 cos 4
4 x2 +c 4x
6.32.- a x 2 dx Solucin.-
a x2 140
Se tiene: x = a s e n , dx = a cos d , a x 2 = a cos
a x 2 dx = a cos a cos d = a cos 2 d
a a a x x 2 a x2 + c + s e n cos + c = arcs e n + 2 2 2 a 2
6.33.- a 2 x 2 dx Solucin.Se tiene: x = a s e n , dx = a cos d , a 2 x 2 = a cos
a 2 x 2 dx = a cos a cos d = a 2 cos 2 d
a2 a2 a2 x x 2 a x2 + c + s e n cos + c = arcs e n + a 2 2 2 2 x 2 dx 6.34.- x2 + a2 Solucin.-
+ a
Se tiene: x = a g , dx = a sec d , x + a = a sec

2 2 2
x2 + a2 (1 cos 2 ) = a2 d = a 2 sec3 d a 2 sec d cos3 sec g 1 = a2 + sec + g a 2 sec + g + c 2 2 a2 a2 sec g + sec + g a 2 sec + g + c 2 2 a2 a2 = sec g sec + g + c 2 2 = = a2 2 x2 + a2 x a2 a a 2 dx
x2 + a2 x x x2 + a2 a2 + +c = 2 2 a a
w .M
at
em
at
ic
x 2 dx
a 2 g 2 a sec 2 d s e n2 d = a 2 g 2 sec d = a 2 cos3 a sec
a1 .
co m
x2 + a2 + x + c
6.35.-
x2 x2 + 9 Solucin.-
+ 9
141
Se tiene: x = 3 g , dx = 3sec 2 d , x 2 + 9 = 3sec
dx
2
3 sec 2 d 1 sec d 1 cos 1 = d = = = +c 2 2 2 2 9 sen 9s e n 9 g 3sec 9 g x +9
x2 + 9 +c 9x dx 6.36.- 5 4x2 Solucin.Se tiene: x = 5 s e n , dx = 5 cos d , ( 5 ) 2 x 2 = 5 cos 4 4 4 4 =
1 1 dx = = 2 2 5 x2 2 5 4x 4
dx
5 cos d 4 5 cos 4
1 1 d = + c 2 2
a1 .
1 x 1 2x + c = arcs e n +c arcs e n 2 2 5 5 4 2 x dx 6.37.- 3 (4 x 2 ) 2 Solucin.-
co m
at
ic
at
4 x2
x 2 dx x 2 dx 4 s e n 2 2 cos d = g 2 d = (sec2 1)d = = 3 (4 x 2 ) 2 (4 x 2 )3 3 8 cos x x = g + c = arcs e n + c 2 2 4 x
6.38.- x 2 5 x 2 dx Solucin.Se tiene: x = 5 s e n , dx = 5 cos d , 5 x 2 = 5 cos
Se tiene: x = 2s e n , dx = 2 cos d , 4 x 2 = 2 cos
w .M
em
x
=
5 x 2 dx = 5s e n 2 5 cos 5 cos d = 25 s e n 2 cos 2 d =
25 s e n 2 2 d 4
25 25 25 25 25 (1 cos 4 )d = s e n 4 + c = (2s e n 2 cos 2 ) + c 8 8 32 8 32 25 25 = 2s e n cos 2 (cos 2 s e n 2 ) +c 8 32
142
25 25 s e n cos3 s e n 3 cos ) +c 8 16 25 x x ( 5 x 2 )3 x 3 5 x 2 = + arcs e n +c 2 25 25 5 dx 6.39.- x4 x2 + 3 Solucin.=
+ 3
3
Se tiene: x = 3 g , dx = 3 sec 2 d , x 2 + 3 = 3 sec
dx
4
x2 + 3
3 sec 2 d 9 g 4 3 sec
1 sec d 1 cos3 d 1 (1 s e n 2 ) cos d = = 9 g 4 9 s e n4 9 s e n4

x2 + 3 x2 + 3 +c 3x 9x
3
1 cos d 1 cos d 1 1 = = cos ec3 + cos ec + c = 4 2 9 sen 9 sen 27 9
b3 3 b b5 2 3 3 x a x + b dx = a3 g b sec a sec d = a 4 g sec d b5 b5 2 2 = 4 g sec g sec d = 4 (sec 2 1) sec 2 g sec d a a 5 5 b b b5 sec5 b5 sec3 4 2 = 4 sec g sec d 4 sec g sec d = 4 + 4 +c a a a a 5 3 5 3 b5 ( a 2 x 2 + b 2 )5 ( a 2 x 2 + b 2 )3 (a 2 x 2 + b 2 ) 2 (a 2 x 2 + b 2 ) 2 b 2 = 4 + + c = +c 5 3 4 4 5 3 5 3 a b b a a dx 6.41.- 2 x x2 + a2 Solucin.x2 + a2
3 2 2 2
w .M
at
em
Se tiene: ax = b g , adx = b sec 2 d , a 2 x 2 + b 2 = b sec
at
ic
Solucin.-
a1 .
6.40.- x3 a 2 x 2 + b 2 dx
co m
143
a sec 2 d 1 sec d 1 cos d x 2 x 2 + a 2 a 2 g 2 a sec = a 2 g 2 = a 2 s e n 2 d 1 cos ec 1 = 2 co g cos ec d = + c = 2 x2 + a2 + c 2 a a a x dx 6.42.- 2 ( x + a 2 )2 Solucin.dx =

x
+ a

dx dx a sec 2 d 1 1 1 s e n 2 2 = = ( x 2 + a 2 )2 ( x 2 + a 2 )4 a 4 sec 4 = a3 cos d = 2a3 + 2a3 2 + c =
3 2 2 2 x a x b dx =
b5 a4 b5 = 4 a b5 = 4 a b5 = 4 a =
b3 b b5 3 sec b g sec g d = sec 4 g 2 d a3 a a4 b5 b5 4 2 4 2 d d sec (sec 1) = sec sec sec 2 sec 2 d a4 a4 b5 2 2 2 (1 + g ) sec d (1 + g 2 ) sec 2 d a4 b5 2 4 2 (1 + 2 g + g ) sec d (1 + g 2 ) sec 2 d a4 5 5 3 g 2 sec 2 d + g 4 sec 2 d = b 4 g + g + c a 5 3
b5 1 a 2 x 2 b 2 = 4 a 3 b dx 6.44.- 2 x a2 x2 Solucin.-
1 a 2 x2 b2 + 5 b
w .M
Se tiene: ax = b sec , adx = b sec g d , a 2 x 2 b 2 = b g
at
Solucin.-
+c
em
6.43.- x3 a 2 x 2 b 2 dx
at
ic
a1 .
1 1 2 s e n cos 1 x 1 x + c = 3 arc g + 3 + 3 3 a 2a x 2 + a 2 2a 2a 2a 2 1 x 1 ax = 3 arc g + 3 +c a 2a x 2 + a 2 2a
+c x2 + a2 a
co m
144
Se tiene: x = a s e n , dx = a cos d , a 2 x 2 = a cos
dx
2
a2 x2
a cos d 1 1 = 2 cos ec 2 d = 2 co g + c 2 a a s e n a cos a

2
1 cos 1 a2 x2 c + = a2 s e n a2 x
+c
6.45.-
2x2 5 dx x Solucin.Se tiene: 2 x = 5 sec , 2dx = 5 sec g d , 2 x 2 5 = 5 g
2x 5 dx = x
2
5 g
5 sec g d 2 5 sec 2
= 5 g 2 d = 5 sec2 d 5 d
( 5 sec )3 5 sec g d 5 5 3 3 = sec4 d 3x 2 5 = 9 5 g 3 5 5 5 5 = sec 2 sec 2 d = sec 2 (1 + g 2 )d 9 9 5 5 5 5 g 3 2 2 2 g + sec d + sec g d = = +c 9 9 3

=
5 ( 3x 2 5)3 2 x + 3 5 +c 9 15
6.47.-
x 2 100 x dx Solucin.-

x 2 100 10 g 10sec g d = 10 g 2 d = 10 sec 2 10 d x dx = 10sec x = 10( g ) + c = x 2 100 10 arcs e n + c 10
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x3dx
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Se tiene: 3x = 5 sec , 3dx = 5 sec g d , 3 x 2 5 = 5 g
ic
a1 .
= 5 g 5 + c = 2 x 2 5 5 arc sec 2 x + c 3 3 x dx 6.46.- 3x 2 5 Solucin.-
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145
x x2 2 Solucin.2
6.48.-
dx
x
x2 2
2
Se tiene: x = 2 sec , dx = 2 sec g d , x 2 2 = 2 g
dx
2
x2 2
2 sec g d 2sec 2 2 g
1 1 1 cos d = s e n + c = 2 2 2
x2 2 +c x
x2 2 = +c 2x dx 6.49.- x 9 x2 Solucin.-
co m
Se tiene: x = 3s e n , dx = 3cos d , 9 x = 3cos

2
9 x2
x2 + a2 dx x Solucin.-
6.50.-
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1 3 9 x2 +c 3 x
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9 x2
at
ic a
dx
3cos d 1 1 = cos ec d = cos ec co g + c 3 3s e n 3cos 3
1.
+ a
x2 + a2 a sec sec3 d sec2 sec dx = d a sec 2 d = a = a x g g a g
= a
(1 + g 2 ) sec sec d = a d + a sec g d g g

x2 + a2 a + x2 + a2 + c x
a cos ec co g + a sec + c = a
146
6.51.-
xdx
a2 x2 Solucin.-
Se tiene: x = a s e n , dx = a cos d , a 2 x 2 = a cos
xdx a x
2 2
= dx
a s e n a cos d = a s e n d = a cos + c = a 2 x 2 + c a cos
6.52.-
1 4 x2 Solucin.Se tiene: 2 x = s e n , 2dx = cos d ,
1 4 x 2 = cos
1 cos 1 1 1 d = d = + c = arcs e n 2 x + c 2 2 2 1 4 x 2 2 cos dx 6.53.- 4 + x2 Solucin.-
dx
Se tiene: x = 2 g , dx = 2sec 2 d , 4 + x 2 = 2 sec
4+ x
2 g 2 sec 2 d = 2 g sec d = 2sec + c = 4 + x 2 + c 4 + x2 = 2sec dx 6.55.- x a2 + x2 a2 + x2 Solucin.xdx
Se tiene: x = 2 g , dx = 2sec 2 d , 4 + x 2 = 2sec
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4 + x2 Solucin.-
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6.54.-
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xdx
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dx
2 sec 2 d = sec d = sec + g + c = 2sec
4 + x2 + x + c
Se tiene: x = a g , dx = a sec 2 d , a 2 + x 2 = a sec

a
x
=
dx a2 + x2
a sec 2 d 1 sec d 1 = = cosec d a a g a sec a g a2 + x2 a 1 +c = x x a a2 + x2 a +c x
1 1 cos ec co g + c = a a ( x + 1)dx
4 x2 Solucin.-
6.56.-
147
Se tiene: x = 2s e n , dx = 2 cos d , 4 x 2 = 2 cos
2s e n 2 cos d 2 cos d + 2 cos 2 cos 4 x2 4 x2 4 x2 x 2 s e n d + d = 2 cos + + c = 4 x 2 + arcs e n + c 2 dx 6.57.- 2 5x2 Solucin.-
( x + 1)dx
xdx
dx
Se tiene: 5 x = 2 s e n , 5dx = 2 cos d , 2 5 x 2 = 2 cos
dx
2 5x2
2
2 cos d 5 5 5 5 = d = +c = arcs e n 5 x + c 2 5 5 5 2 cos

a
6.58.-
dx 3 (a x 2 ) 2 Solucin.-
co m
2 2
Se tiene: x = a s e n , dx = a cos d , a x = a cos
a2 x2
dx dx a cos d 1 1 = 2 sec 2 d = 2 g + c = = 3 2 32 3 2 2 3 a a x ) a cos ( a x ) x = +c 2 a a2 x2 dx 6.59.- 4 ( x 1) 2 Solucin.-
Se tiene: x 1 = 2s e n , dx = 2 cos d , 4 ( x 1) 2 = 2 cos
dx
4 ( x 1)
2 cos d x 1 = d = + c = arcs e n +c 2 2 cos
6.60.-
x 2 dx
2 x x2 Solucin.-
Se tiene: x 1 = s e n x = s e n + 1, dx = cos d , 1 ( x 1) 2 = cos Completando cuadrados se tiene: 2 x x 2 = ( x 2 2 x) = ( x 2 2 x + 1) + 1 = 1 ( x 1) 2 , luego:
x 2 dx
2x x2
x 2 dx
1 ( x 1) 2
(s e n + 1) 2 cos d = (s e n + 1) 2 d cos
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1 1 d cos 2 d + 2 s e n d + d 2 2 3 1 3 1 = d cos 2 d + 2 s e n d = s e n 2 2 cos + c 2 2 2 4 3 1 3 1 = s e n cos 2 cos + c = arcs e n( x 1) ( x 1) 2 x x 2 2 2 x x 2 + c 2 2 2 2 2 x dx 6.61.- 17 x 2 Solucin.= s e n 2 d + 2 s e n d + d =

Se tiene: x = 17 s e n , dx = 17 cos d , 17 x 2 = 17 cos
x 2 dx
2
17 x 17 cos 17 17 17 17 = s e n 2 + c = s e n cos + c 2 4 2 2
=
17 s e n 2 17 cos d
= 17 s e n 2 d =
17 17 d cos 2 d 2 2
17 x 17 arcs e n 2 17 2
x dx
2
17 x 2 17
+c =
17
17 x 1 x 17 x 2 + c arcs e n 2 17 2
(5s e n + 2) 2 5cos d = (5s e n + 2) 2 d 21 + 4 x x2 = 52 ( x 2)2 = 5cos 1 cos 2 = (25s e n 2 + 20s e n + 4)d = 25 d + 20 s e n d + 4 d 2 25 25 25 25 = d cos 2 d + 20 s e n d = s e n 2 20 cos + 4 + c 2 2 2 4 33 25 = s e n cos 20 cos + c 2 2 21 + 4 x x 2 33 x 2 25 x 2 21 + 4 x x 2 = arcs e n 20 +c 2 5 2 5 5 5 33 x2 x2 = arcs e n 21 + 4 x x 2 ( + 4) + c 2 5 2 33 x2 x+6 = arcs e n 21 + 4 x x 2 ( )+c 2 5 2
x 2 dx x 2 dx
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Se tiene: x 2 = 5s e n x = 5s e n + 2, dx = 5cos d , 52 ( x 2) 2 = 5cos Completando cuadrados se tiene: 21 + 4 x x 2 = ( x 2 4 x + 4 4) + 21 = ( x 2 4 x + 4) + 25 = 52 ( x 2) 2 , luego:
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21 + 4 x x 2 Solucin.-
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6.62.-
149
6.63.-
dx 3 ( x 2 x + 5) 2 Solucin.2
2x + 5
x 1
Se tiene: x 1 = 2 g , dx = 2sec2 d , ( x 1) 2 + 22 = 2sec Completando cuadrados se tiene: x 2 2 x + 5 = ( x 2 2 x + 1) + 5 1 = ( x 2 2 x + 1) + 4 = ( x 1) 2 + 22 , luego:
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dx dx 2sec2 d 1 1 = = = cos d = s e n + c 3 3 ( x 2 2 x + 5) 3 2 2 sec 4 4 2 2 3 ( x 1) + 2 1 x 1 = +c 2 4 x 2x + 5 (2 x + 1)dx 6.64.- (4 x 2 2 x + 1)3 1 1 x2 x + 1 Solucin.x 2 4 4 2 Sea: u = 4 x 2 x + 1, du = (8 x 2)dx
ic
1 (8 x 2)dx 3 dx + 2 3 2 4 2 (4 x 2 x + 1) (4 x 2 x + 1)3 1 du 3 dx 1 3 31 dx = = (u ) 2 du + 3 + 2 2 3 2 4 (u ) 2 4 28 4( x 1 x + 1 ) ( x 1 x + 1 )3 2 4 2 4 3 sec2 d 1 3 1 3 3 3 dx 4 = (u ) 2 du + = (u ) 2 du + 3 4 16 4 16 3 ( x 1 )2 + ( 3 )2 ( sec )3 4 4 4

=
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Se tiene: x
1 3 3 = g , dx = sec 2 d , ( x 1 ) 2 + ( 3 ) 2 = 3 sec 4 4 4 4 4 4 Completando cuadrados se tiene: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 3 x 2 x + = ( x 2 x + ) + = ( x ) 2 + = ( x ) 2 + ( ) 2 , luego: 2 4 2 16 4 16 4 16 4 4 (2 x + 1)dx 1 (8 x + 4)dx 1 (8 x 2 + 6)dx (4 x2 2 x + 1)3 = 4 (4 x 2 2 x + 1)3 = 4 (4 x 2 2 x + 1)3
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3 1 d 1 u 2 1 = (u ) 2 du + = + s e n + c = 1 + s e n + c 4 sec 4 ( 1 ) 2u 2 2 x 1 4x 2 1 4 = + +c = +c 2 2 2 2 4x 2x +1 x 1 x+ 1 4 x 1 x+ 1 2 4 2 4 1
( x 1) x 2 3x + 2 Solucin.-
6.65.-
dx
x 3
x 2 3x + 2
1
Se tiene: x
3 1 1 1 = sec x 1 = (sec + 1), dx = sec g d , 2 2 2 2 ( x 3 ) 2 + ( 1 ) 2 = 1 g 2 2 2 Completando cuadrados se tiene: 9 1 3 1 x 2 3 x + 2 = ( x 2 3x + ) = ( x ) 2 ( ) 2 , luego: 4 4 2 2 1 sec g d dx dx 2 = = ( x 1) x 2 3x + 2 1 (sec + 1) 1 g 3 1 ( x 1) ( x ) 2 ( ) 2 2 2 2 2 sec d sec d sec (sec 1)d sec 2 d sec d = = 2 = 2 = 2 2 2 2 1 (sec + 1) g g 2 (sec + 1) sec 1 2 cosec d = 2 cos ec 2 d 2 = 2 co g + 2 cosec + c s e n2 1 x 3 2x 4 2 2 +c = 2 +2 +c 2 2 2 x 3x + 2 x 3x + 2 x 3x + 2 xdx 6.66.- 2 x 2x + 5 Solucin.Se tiene: x 1 = 2 g , dx = 2sec2 d , ( x 1) 2 + (2) 2 = 2sec Completando cuadrados se tiene: x 2 2 x + 5 = ( x 2 2 x + 1) + 4 = ( x 1) 2 22 , luego:
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xdx x2 2x + 5
xdx
( x 1) 2 22
(2 g + 1) 2 sec 2 d 2sec
= 2 g sec d + sec d = 2sec + sec + g + c = x2 2x + 5 + x2 2 x + 5 + x 1 +c 2
6.67.-
( x + 1)dx
2 x x2 Solucin.-
Se tiene: x 1 = s e n x + 1 = s e n + 2, dx = cos d , 1 ( x 1) 2 = cos Completando cuadrados se tiene: 2 x x 2 = ( x 2 2 x) = ( x 2 2 x + 1 1) = ( x 2 2 x + 1) + 1 = 1 ( x 1) 2 , luego: ( x + 1)dx ( x + 1)dx (s e n + 2) cos d = s e n d + 2 d 2 x x 2 = 1 ( x 1)2 = cos
= cos + 2 + c = 2 x x 2 + 2 arcs e n( x 1) + c ( x 1)dx 6.68.- x2 4 x + 3 Solucin.-
( x 1)dx
x 4x + 3
2
( x 1)dx ( x 2) 1
2
(sec + 1) sec g d
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= sec 2 d + sec d = g + sec + g + c

= x2 4x + 3 + x 2 + x2 4x + 3 + c x2 2 x 8 Solucin.-
6.69.-
dx
Se tiene: x 1 = 3sec , dx = 3sec g d , ( x 1) 2 32 = 3 g Completando cuadrados se tiene: x 2 2 x 8 = x 2 2 x + 1 9 = ( x 1) 2 32 , luego:
dx x2 2 x 8
dx
( x 1) 2 32
3 sec g d 3 g
at
Se tiene: x 2 = sec x 1 = sec + 1, dx = sec g d , Completando cuadrados se tiene: x 2 4 x + 3 = x 2 4 x + 4 1 = ( x 2) 2 1 , luego:
co m
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( x 2) 2 1 = g
x 1 x2 2 x 8 + + c = x 1 + x2 2x 8 + c 3 3
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6.70.-
xdx
2
x + 4x + 5 Solucin.-
Se tiene: x + 2 = g , dx = sec 2 d , ( x + 2) 2 + 12 = s ec Completando cuadrados se tiene: x 2 + 4 x + 5 = ( x 2 + 4 x + 4) + 1 = ( x + 2) 2 + 12 , luego:
xdx x2 + 4 x + 5
xdx
( x + 2) 2 + 12
( g 2) sec 2 d = g sec d 2 sec d sec
= sec 2 sec + g + c = x 2 + 4 x + 5 2
x2 + 4 x + 5 + x + 2 + c
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CAPITULO 7
INTEGRACIN DE FUNCIONES RACIONALES

Mediante el recurso de la descomposicin en fracciones simples, el proceso de integracin de funciones racionales se puede simplificar notablemente.
dx x 9 Solucin.- Descomponiendo el denominador en factores: x 2 9 = ( x + 3)( x 3) , Como los factores son ambos lineales y diferentes se tiene: 1 A B = + , de donde: 2 x 9 x+3 x3 1 A B 1 = A( x 3) + B ( x + 3)() 1 = ( A + B ) x + (3 A + 3B) = + 2 x+3 x3 x 9
7.1.-Encontrar:
A + B = 0 3 A + 3B = 0 1 6 B = 1 B = 6 , adems: + = + = A B A B 3 3 1 3 3 1 1 A + B = 0 A = B = A = 6 Tambin es frecuente usar otro mecanismo, que consiste en la expresin () Sustituyendo a x por los valores que anulen los denominadores de las fracciones: x = 3 1 = 6B B = 1 6 x = 3 1 = 6 A A = 1 6 Usando cualquier mtodo de los sealados anteriormente, se establece que: 1 1 1 6 = + 6 , Luego se tiene: x2 9 x + 3 x 3 dx 1 dx 1 dx 1 1 x2 9 = 6 x + 3 + 6 x 3 = 6 x + 3 + 6 x 3 + c 1 = ( x 3 x +3 )+c 6
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Para calcular las constantes A y B, se pueden identificar los coeficientes de igual potencia x en la ltima expresin, y se resuelve el sistema de ecuaciones dado; obteniendo as los valores de las constantes en referencia (mtodo general) luego:
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dx 1 x3 = +c x 9 6 x+3 dx 7.2.-Encontrar: 2 x + 7x 6 2 Solucin.- Sea: x + 7 x + 6 = ( x + 6)( x + 1) , factores lineales y diferentes; luego: 1 A B = + , 2 x + 7x + 6 x + 6 x +1 De donde: 1 = A( x + 1) + B( x + 6)() 1 = ( A + B) x + ( A + 6 B) , calculando las constantes A y B por el mtodo general, se tiene: 1 = ( A + B) x + ( A + 6 B) A + B = 0 A B = 0 1 5B = 1 B = 5 , adems: A + B = A + B = 6 1 6 1
Respuesta:
5 Ahora utilizando el mtodo abreviado se tiene:

x = 1 1 = 5 B B = 1
A + B = 0 A = B = A = 1
5 Usando cualquier mtodo se puede establecer: 1 1 1 5 = + 5 , Luego se tiene: 2 x + 7x + 6 x + 6 x +1 dx 1 dx 1 dx 1 1 x2 + 7 x + 6 = 5 x + 6 + 5 x + 1 = 5 x + 6 + 5 x + 1 + c 1 = ( x +1 x + 6 ) + c 5 dx 1 x +1 = +c Respuesta: 2 x + 7x + 6 5 x+6 xdx 7.3.-Encontrar: 2 x 4x + 4 2 Solucin.- Sea: x 4 x + 4 = ( x 2) 2 , factores lineales con repeticin; luego: x A B x A( x 2) + B , = + 2 = 2 2 x x + 4 x 2 ( x 2) ( x 2) 2 x x+4
De donde: x = A( x 2) + B() , calculando las constantes A y B por el mtodo general, se tiene: x = Ax + (2 A + B ) , luego: = 1 A B = 2 A B = 2(1) B = 2 2 A + B = 0
5 x = 6 1 = 5 A A = 1
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Usando el mtodo abreviado, se sustituye en x , el valor que anula el denominador(o los denominadores), y si este no es suficiente se usan para sustituir cualquier valor conveniente de x , esto es: x = 0, x = 1 ; luego en () x=22= B B =2 x = 0 0 = 2 A + B 2 A + B A = B A = 1 2 Usando cualquier mtodo se establece: xdx dx dx 2 x2 4 x + 4 = x 2 + 2 ( x 2)2 = x 2 x 2 + c xdx 2 Respuesta: 2 = x2 +c x 4x + 4 x2 (2 x 2 + 3)dx 7.4.-Encontrar: 3 x 2x2 + x Solucin.- Sea: x3 2 x 2 + x = x( x 2 2 x + 1) = x( x 1) 2 , factores lineales: x, x 1 ; donde este ltimo es con repeticin; luego:
2x2 + 3 A B C 2 x2 + 3 A( x 1) 2 + Bx( x 1) + Cx = = + + x 3 2 x 2 + x x ( x 1) ( x 1) 2 x( x 1) 2 x3 2 x 2 + x De donde: 2 x 2 + 3 = A( x 1) 2 + Bx( x 1) + Cx() , calculando las constantes A y B por el mtodo general, se tiene: 2 x 2 + 3 = ( A + B ) x 2 + (2 A B + C ) x + A , de donde identificando los coeficientes de igual potencia de x se puede obtener el siguiente sistema de ecuaciones: =2 A +B 2 A B + C = 0 B = 2 A B = 2 3 B = 1 , tomando la segunda ecuacin A = 3 del sistema: C = 2 A + B C = 2(3) 1 C = 5 ,tambin es posible usar el mtodo abreviado, utilizando para ello la expresin () en la cual: x = 1 2(1) + 3 = C C = 5 x =03= A A=3 Usando un valor arbitrario para x , sea este x = 1 : x = 1 2(1) 2 + 3 = A(2) 2 + B(1)(2) + C (1) 5 = 4 A + 2 B C , luego: 2 B = 5 4 A + C 2 B = 5 4(3) + 5 2 B = 2 B = 1 , S, e establece que: 2 x2 + 3 3 1 5 , entonces: = + 3 2 x 2 x + x x x 1 ( x 1) 2 2x2 + 3 dx dx dx 5 = 3 + 5 = 3 x x 1 +c 3 2 2 x 2x + x x x 1 x 1 ( x 1) (2 x 2 + 3)dx x3 5 Respuesta: 3 = +c 2 x 2x + x x 1 x 1
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dx x 2x2 + x Solucin.- x3 2 x 2 + x = x( x 1) 2 ,factores lineales: x, x 1 ; donde este ltimo es con repeticin; luego:
7.5.-Encontrar:
3
x 4 + 6 x3 12 x 2 + 8 x 8x + 6
Luego se tiene:
x 4 6 x3 + 12 x 2 + 6 (8 x + 6)dx dx = xdx + 3 3 2 x 6 x + 12 x 8 x 6 x 2 + 12 x 8 La descomposicin de: x3 6 x 2 + 12 x 8 : 1 6 12 8 2 2 8 8 0 1 4 4
x = 2 ( x 2)
x 2 4 x + 4 = ( x 2) 2 x3 6 x 2 + 12 x 8 = ( x 2)3
7.6.-Encontrar:
x 4 6 x3 + 12 x 2 + 6 dx x3 6 x 2 + 12 x 8 Solucin.- Se sabe que si el grado del polinomio dividendo, es igual o superior al grado del polinomio divisor, previamente conviene efectuar la divisin de tales polinomios. x 4 6 x3 + 12 x 2 + 0 x + 6 x 3 6 x 2 + 12 x 8
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1 A B C 1 A( x 1) 2 + Bx( x 1) + Cx = = + + x 3 2 x 2 + x x ( x 1) ( x 1) 2 x( x 1) 2 x3 2 x 2 + x De donde: 1 = A( x 1) 2 + Bx( x 1) + Cx() , calculando las constantes A y B por el mtodo general, se tiene: 1 = ( A + B ) x 2 + (2 A B + C ) x + A , de donde identificando los coeficientes de igual potencia de x se puede obtener el siguiente sistema de ecuaciones: = 0 A +B 2 A B + C = 0 B = A B = 1 , tomando la segunda ecuacin del A = 1 sistema: C = 2 A + B C = 2(1) 1 C = 1 , a partir de lo cual se tiene: 1 1 1 1 = + 3 2 x 2 x + x x x 1 ( x 1) 2 dx dx dx dx 1 x3 2 x 2 + x = x x 1 + ( x 1)2 = x x 1 x 1 + c dx x 1 Respuesta: 3 = +c 2 x 2x + x x 1 x 1
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Esto es factores lineales: [ ( x 2)] con repeticin por tanto:

8x + 6 A B C = + + 2 2 x 6 x + 12 x 8 x 2 ( x 2) ( x 2)3
3
8x + 6
x3 6 x 2 + 12 x 8 ( x 2)3 Luego: 8 x + 6 = A( x 2) 2 + B( x 2) + C 8 x + 6 = A( x 2 4 x + 4) + B( x 2) + C 8 x + 6 = Ax 2 + (4 A + B) x + (4 A 2 B + C )
A( x 2) 2 + B (( x 2) + C
Calculando las constantes A y B por el mtodo general, se tiene: = 0 A 4 A + B = 8 B = 8 + 4 A B = 8 + 4(0) B = 8 , + 4 A 2B + C = 6 Resolviendo el sistema: C = 6 4 A + 2 B C = 6 4(0) + 2(8) C = 22 , luego:
8x + 6 0 8 22 = + + , de donde: 3 2 2 x 6 x + 12 x 8 x 2 ( x 1) ( x 1)3 (8 x + 6)dx dx dx x3 6 x 2 + 12 x 8 = 8 ( x 2)2 + 22 ( x 2)3 , o sea: dx dx = xdx +8 + 22 = xdx +8 ( x 2) 2 dx + 22 ( x 2) 3 dx 2 3 ( x 2) ( x 2) x2 8 11 +c 2 x 2 ( x 2) 2
0
Respuesta:
x 4 6 x3 + 12 x 2 + 6 x2 8 11 = +c dx 3 2 x 6 x + 12 x 8 2 x 2 ( x 2) 2
x3 + x 2 + x + 3 dx x4 + 4x2 + 3 Solucin.- x 4 + 4 x 2 + 3 = ( x 2 + 3)( x 2 + 1) , la descomposicin es en factores cuadrticos sin repeticin, por lo tanto: x3 + x 2 + x + 3 Ax + B Cx + D = 2 + 2 x4 + 4 x2 + 3 x +3 x +1 3 2 x + x + x + 3 ( Ax + B )( x 2 + 1) + (Cx + D)( x 2 + 3) = x4 + 4 x2 + 3 ( x 2 + 3)( x 2 + 1)
7.7.-Encontrar:
x3 + x 2 + x + 3 = A( x3 + x) + B( x 2 + 1) + C ( x3 + 3 x) + D( x 2 + 3) x3 + x 2 + x + 3 = ( A + C ) x3 + ( B + D) x 2 + ( A + 3C ) x + ( B + 3D) , luego:
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=1 (1) A + C + D = 1 (2) B =1 (3) A + 3C + 3D = 3 (4) B A + C = 1 Con (1) y (3), se tiene: A = 1, C = 0 A + 3C = 1 B + D = 1 Con (2) y (4), se tiene: B = 0, D = 1 B + 3D = 3 x3 + x 2 + x + 3 x 1 , o sea: = + 2 4 2 x + 4x + 3 x + 3 x +1 x3 + x 2 + x + 3 xdx dx 2 x4 + 4 x 2 + 3 dx = x + 3 + x2 + 1 , sea: u = x + 3, du = 2 xdx , luego: x3 + x 2 + x + 3 1 2 xdx dx 1 du dx x4 + 4 x 2 + 3 dx = 2 x + 3 + x 2 + 12 = 2 u + x2 + 12 1 1 = u + arc gx + c = x 2 + 3 + arc gx + c 2 2 3 2 x + x + x+3 1 dx = x 2 + 3 + arc gx + c Respuesta: 4 2 x + 4x + 3 2 4 x dx 7.8.-Encontrar: 4 x + 2x2 + 1 Solucin.x4 x4 + 2 x2 + 1
Por lo tanto:
x4 2x2 1 2 x 2 1
Luego
x 4 dx 2x2 + 1 2 x2 + 1 = 1 dx = dx x 4 + 2 x2 + 1dx x4 + 2 x2 + 1 x4 + 2 x2 + 1
La descomposicin del denominador es: x 4 + 2 x 2 + 1 = ( x 2 + 1) 2 , entonces:

2x2 + 1 Ax + B Cx + D 2x2 + 1 ( Ax + B )( x 2 + 1)(Cx + D) = + = x 4 + 2 x 2 + 1 x 2 + 1 ( x 2 + 1) 2 x4 + 2 x2 + 1 ( x 2 + 1) 2 2 x 2 + 1 = ( Ax + B )( x 2 + 1) + (Cx + D) 2 x 2 + 1 = A( x3 + x) + B( x 2 + 1) + Cx + D 2 x 2 + 1 = Ax3 + Bx 2 + ( A + C ) x + ( B + D) Calculando las constantes por el mtodo general, se tiene: =0 A = 2 B A +C =0 + D =1 B
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Resolviendo el sistema: C = A A = 0 C = 0 , B + D = 1 D = 1 B D = 1 luego: 2x2 + 1 2 1 = 2 2 , o sea: 4 2 x + 2 x + 1 x + 1 ( x + 1) 2

2x2 + 1 dx dx dx dx x4 + 2 x 2 + 1 = 2 x 2 + 12 ( x 2 + 1)2 = 2 x 2 + 12 ( x2 + 1)4
Sea: x = g , dx = sec 2 d ; x 2 + 1 = sec , luego:

sec 2 d d = 2 arc gx = 2 arc gx cos 2 4 sec sec2 1 + cos 2 1 1 = 2 arc gx d = 2 arc gx d cos 2 d 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 arc gx s e n 2 + c = 2 arc gx s e n cos + c 2 2 2 2 = 2 arc gx
x
2
+ 1
De la figura se tiene que:
.c
2 2
x +1 x +1 1 1 x 1 1 x Luego: = 2 arc gx arc gx + c = 2 arc gx arc gx +c 2 2 2 2 2 x +1 x +1 2 2( x + 1) Recordando que: x 4 dx (2 x 2 + 1)dx 1 1 x = dx = x 2 arc gx + arc gx + +c 4 2 4 2 2 x + 2x + 1 x + 2x +1 2 2 ( x + 1)
Respuesta:
x 4 dx 3 x = x arc gx + +c 4 2 2 2 2( x + 1) x + 2x + 1 x 4 dx x4 1
7.9.-Encontrar: Solucin.x4
x4 + 1
x4 1 1
1 Luego: x 4 dx 1 dx 1 + 4 dx = dx + 4 x4 1 = x 1 x 1 Descomponiendo en factores el denominador: x 4 1 = ( x 2 1)( x 2 + 1) = ( x 2 + 1)( x + 1)( x 1) , es decir factores lineales y cuadrticos sin repeticin por tanto:
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g = x, arc g ,s e n =
, cos =
160
1 Ax + B C D = 2 + + x 1 x +1 x + 1 x 1 1 ( Ax + B )( x 2 1) + C ( x 2 + 1)( x 1) + D( x + 1)( x 2 + 1) = x4 1 ( x 2 + 1)( x + 1)( x + 1)

4
1 = A( x 3 x) + B( x 2 + 1) + C ( x3 x 2 + x 1) + D( x3 + x 2 + x + 1) 1 = ( A + C + D ) x 3 + ( B C + D ) x 2 + ( A + C + D ) x + ( B C + D ) Luego: + C +D = 0 (1) A B C + D = 0 (2) (3) A + C + D = 0 (4) B C + D = 1 A+ C + D = 0 Con (1) y (3), se tiene: 2C + 2 D = 0 (5) A + C + D = 0 B C + D = 0 Con (2) y (4), se tiene: 2C + 2 D = 1 (6) B C + D = 1 2C + 2 D = 0 1 1 Con (5) y (6), se tiene: C = 4,D = 4 2 C + 2 D = 1
Adems: A = 0, B = 1 , luego: 2 1 1 1 1 = + , con lo cual: 4 2 x 1 2( x + 1) 4( x + 1) 4( x 1) dx 1 dx 1 dx 1 dx x4 1 = 2 ( x 2 + 1) 4 ( x + 1) + 4 ( x 1) = 1 arc gx 1 x + 1 + 1 x 1 + c 2 4 4 4 x dx dx x 1 Dado que: 4 = dx + 4 = x 1 arc gx + 1 + c , entonces: 2 4 x 1 x 1 x +1 1 x 1 Respuesta: 4 = x 1 arc gx + 1 +c 2 4 x 1 x +1 7.10.-Encontrar:
x 4 2 x3 + 3x 2 x + 3 dx x3 2 x 2 + 3x
Solucin.x 4 2 x3 + 3x 2 x + 3 x3 2 x 2 + 3x
x 4 + 2 x3 3x 2 x + 3 x
Luego:
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161
x 4 2 x3 + 3x 2 x + 3 x3 x3 x 3 dx dx = xdx 3 2 x3 2 x 2 + 3x dx = x 2 x + 3x x 2 x 2 + 3x Descomponiendo en factores el denominador: x3 2 x 2 + 3x = x( x 2 2 x + 3) , es decir un factor lineal y uno cuadrtico; por lo cual: x 3 A Bx + C x 3 A( x 2 2 x + 3) + ( Bx + C ) x = + = x3 2 x 2 + 3x x x 2 2 x + 3 x3 2 x 2 + 3x x( x 2 2 x + 3) x 3 = A( x 2 2 x + 3) + ( Bx + C ) x x 3 = ( A + B) x 2 + (2 A + C ) x + 3 A De donde: = 0 A = 1 A+ B + C = 1 B = A B = 1 2 A 3A = 3 C = 1 + 2 A C = 1
x2 1 du x 2 1 + x = + x x2 2x + 3 + c 2 2 u 2 2 4 3 2 x 2 x + 3x x + 3 x2 x Respuesta: dx = + +c 3 2 x 2 x + 3x 2 x2 2 x + 3
EJERCICICOS PROPUESTOS
Usando La tcnica de descomposicin en fracciones simples parciales, calcular las siguientes integrales:
( x5 + 2)dx x2 1 (3 x + 7)dx 7.14.- ( x 1)( x 2)( x 3)
7.11.-
7.12.-
xdx ( x + 1) 2 dx 7.15.- 3 dx x +1 ( x 2 + 6)dx ( x 1) 2 ( x 2)
w w
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Luego: x 3 1 x 1 = + 2 , de donde: 3 2 x 2 x + 3x x x 2x + 3 x3 dx x 1 x 1 x3 2 x 2 + 3x dx = x + x 2 2 x + 3 dx = x + x 2 2 x + 3 dx x 4 2 x3 + 3x 2 x + 3 x 1 x3 2 x 2 + 3x dx = xdx + x x2 2 x + 3 dx x2 x 1 x2 1 2( x 1)dx = + x 2 dx = + x 2 2 x 2x + 3 2 2 x 2x + 3 Sea: u = x 2 2 x + 3, du = (2 x 2)dx du = 2( x 1)dx
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7.13.-
x3 dx x2 2 x 3 ( x + 5)dx 7.16.- 2 x x+6 ( x 2 1)dx ( x 2 + 1)( x 2)
7.17.-
( x 2 + 1)dx x3 + 1
7.18.-
7.19.-
162
xdx x 4x 5 x 2 dx 7.23.- 2 x + 2x +1 dx 7.26.- 2 x( x + x + 1)

7.20.-
2
xdx x 2x 3 dx 7.24.- x( x + 1) 2 2 x2 + 5x 1 dx 7.27.- 3 x + x2 2x

7.21.-
2
( x + 1)dx x2 + 4 x 5 dx 7.25.- ( x + 1)( x 2 + 1) ( x 2 + 2 x + 3)dx 7.28.- ( x 1)( x + 1) 2

7.22.-
(2 x 2 7 x 1)dx x3 + x 2 x 1 2 xdx 7.34.- 2 ( x + x + 1) 2
7.29.- 7.32.- 7.35.-
3x2 + 2 x 2 dx x3 1 3x 2 + 3x + 1 dx x3 + 2 x 2 + 2 x + 1
7.30.- 7.33.- 7.36.- 7.39.- 7.42.- 7.45.- 7.48.- 7.51.-
x 4 x3 + 2 x 2 x + 2 dx ( x 1)( x 2 + 2) 2 x3 + 7 x 2 5 x + 5 dx ( x 1) 2 ( x + 1) 2 (2 x 2 3x + 5)dx ( x + 2)( x 1)( x 3) 2 x3 + 3x 2 + x 1 dx ( x + 1)( x 2 + 2 x + 2) 2 x4 2 x2 + 3x + 4 dx ( x 1)3 ( x 2 + 2 x + 2)
7.31.-
x2 + 2 x + 3 dx x3 x ( x + 5)dx 7.38.- 3 x 3x + 2
7.37.-
(3x 2 + x 2)dx ( x 1)( x 2 + 1) (2 x + 1)dx 7.40.- 3 3x + 2 x 1 et dt e2t + 3et + 2
7.53.-
x5 dx ( x3 + 1)( x3 + 8)
RESPUESTAS
( x5 + 2)dx x2 1 Solucin.( x 5 + 2)dx x+2 x+2 3 x + x + 2 dx = x3 dx + xdx + 2 dx x2 1 = x 1 x 1 x4 x2 ( x + 2)dx () , luego: = + + 4 2 ( x + 1)( x 1) A B x+2 x + 2 = A( x 1) + B( x + 1) = + x2 1 x + 1 x 1
7.11.-
w w
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(2 + g 2 ) sec 2 d 1 + g 3
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7.47.-
(2 x 2 + 41x 91)dx x3 2 x 2 11x + 12 s e n xdx 7.50.- cos x(1 + cos 2 x)
(2 x 4 + 3x3 x 1)dx ( x 1)( x 2 + 2 x + 2) 2
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(2 x 2 + 3 x 1)dx x3 + 2 x 2 + 4 x + 2 s e n d 7.44.- 2 cos + cos 2
7.41.-
7.43.- 7.46.-
4 x 4 2 x3 x 2 + 3x + 1 dx ( x3 + x 2 x 1)
3x 4 dx ( x 2 + 1) 2 dx 7.49.- 2 x x e +e 2
7.52.-
(5 x3 + 2)dx x3 5 x 2 + 4 x
at
163
x = 1 3 = 2B B = 3 2 x = 1 1 = 2 A A = 1 2 () = x 4 x 2 1 dx 3 dx x4 x2 1 3 + + = + x +1 + x 1 + c 4 2 2 x + 1 2 x 1 4 2 2 2 3 4 2 2 x x ( x 1) = + + +c 4 2 x +1
x 3dx x2 2 x 3 Solucin.x3dx 7x + 6 (7 x + 6)dx x+2+ 2 dx = xdx + 2 dx + 2 x2 2 x 3 = x 2x 3 x 2x 3 2 x (7 x + 6)dx () , luego: = + 2x + 2 ( x 3)( x + 1) (7 x + 6) A B = + 7 x + 6 = A( x + 1) + B( x 3) ( x 3)( x + 1) x 3 x + 1 x = 3 27 = 4 A A = 27 4 x = 1 1 = 4 B B = 1 4 2 x 27 dx 1 dx x2 27 1 () = + 2 x + + = + 2x + x 3 + x +1 + c 2 4 x 3 4 x +1 2 4 4 2 x 1 = + 2 x + ( x 3) 27 ( x + 1) + c 2 4 (3 x + 7)dx 7.14.- ( x 1)( x 2)( x 3) Solucin.(3x + 7)dx Adx Bdx Cdx ( x 1)( x 2)( x 3) = x 1 + x 2 + x 3 ()
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7.13.-
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xdx ( x + 1) 2 Solucin.xdx Adx Bdx ( x + 1)2 = x + 1 + ( x + 1)2 () , luego: x A B = + x = A( x + 1) + B 2 ( x + 1) x + 1 ( x + 1) 2 x = 1 1 = B x = 0 0 = A + B A = B A = 1 dx dx 1 = x + 1 + ( x + 1) 1 + c = x + 1 + +c () 2 ( x + 1) x +1 x +1
7.12.-
164
(3x + 7) A B C = + + ( x 1)( x 2)( x 3) x 1 x 2 x 3 3 x 7 = A( x 2)( x 3) + B ( x 1)( x 3) + C ( x 1)( x 2) , luego: x = 1 4 = 2 A A = 2 x = 2 1 = B B = 1 x = 3 2 = 2C C = 1
dx dx dx + + = 2 x 1 + x 2 + x 3 + c x 1 x2 x3 ( x 2)( x 3) = +c ( x 1) 2 dx 7.15.- 3 dx x +1 Solucin.dx dx Adx ( Bx + C )dx x3 + 1dx = ( x + 1)( x 2 x + 1) = x + 1 + ( x 2 x + 1) () , luego: 1 A ( Bx + C ) = + 2 1 = A( x 2 x + 1) + ( Bx + C )( x + 1) 2 ( x + 1)( x x + 1) x + 1 ( x x + 1) x = 1 1 = 3 A A = 1 3 x = 0 1 = A + C C = 1 A C = 2 3 x = 1 1 = A + ( B + C )2 1 = 1 + 2 B + 2C 1 = B + C B = 1 C 3 3 3 B=1 3 ( 1 x + 2 )dx 1 1 dx 1 ( x 2)dx 3 3 () = + = x +1 2 2 3 x +1 ( x x + 1) 3 3 x x +1 1 1 (2 x 4)dx 1 1 (2 x 1 3)dx = x +1 2 = x +1 3 6 x x +1 3 6 x2 x + 1 1 1 (2 x 1)dx 1 dx = x +1 2 + 2 3 6 x x +1 2 x x +1 dx 1 1 1 = x + 1 x2 x + 1 + 2 3 6 2 (x x + 1 ) + 3 4 4 1 1 1 dx = x + 1 x2 x + 1 + 3 6 2 ( x 1 )2 + ( 3 )2 2 2 1 x 1 1 1 1 2 +c arc g = x + 1 x2 x + 1 + 3 6 2 3 3 2 2 1 1 3 2x 1 = x + 1 x2 x + 1 + arc g +c 3 6 3 3
() = 2
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165
x x +1 ( x + 5)dx 7.16.- 2 x x+6 Solucin.( x + 5)dx ( x + 5)dx Adx Bdx x 2 x + 6 = ( x + 3)( x 2) = ( x + 3) + ( x 2) () , luego: ( x + 5) A B = + x + 5 = A( x 2) + B ( x + 3) 2 ( x + x 6) ( x + 3) ( x 2) x = 2 7 = 5B B = 7 5 x = 3 2 = 5 A A = 2 5 2 dx 7 dx 2 2 1 ( x 2)7 () = + = x+3 + x2 +c = +c 5 x+3 5 x2 5 5 5 ( x + 3) 2
6 2
x +1
3 2x 1 arc g +c 3 3
7.17.-
( x 2 + 1) A Bx + C = + 2 x 2 + 1 = A( x 2 x + 1) + ( Bx + C )( x + 1) 3 x + 1 ( x + 1) ( x x + 1) x = 1 2 = 3 A A = 2 3 x = 0 1 = A + C C = 1 3 x = 1 2 = A + ( B + C )2 B = 1 3 2 2 ( x + 1)dx ( x + 1)dx 2 dx 1 ( x + 1)dx = = + 2 () 3 2 x +1 ( x + 1)( x x + 1) 3 ( x + 1) 3 ( x x + 1) 2 1 2 1 2 (2 x 1) + 3 dx 2 1 (2 x 1)dx 1 dx = x +1 + = x +1 + 2 + 2 2 3 3 ( x x + 1) 3 6 ( x x + 1) 2 ( x x + 1) 2 1 1 dx = x + 1 + x2 x + 1 + 2 3 6 2 ( x x + 1) dx 2 1 1 = x + 1 + x2 x + 1 + 2 3 6 2 (x x + 1 ) + 3 4 4 4 1 1 dx = x + 1 + x2 x + 1 + 6 6 2 ( x 1 )2 + ( 3 )2 2 2
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( x 2 + 1)dx x3 + 1 Solucin.( x 2 + 1)dx ( x 2 + 1)dx Adx ( Bx + C )dx = x3 + 1 ( x + 1)( x 2 x + 1) = ( x + 1) + ( x2 x + 1) () , luego:
om
166
x 1 1 1 1 2 +c arc g ( x + 1) 4 ( x 2 x + 1) + 6 2 3 3 2 2 1 3 2x 1 = ( x + 1) 4 ( x 2 x + 1) + arc g +c 6 3 3 ( x 2 + 6)dx 7.18.- ( x 1) 2 ( x 2) Solucin.( x 2 + 6)dx Adx Bdx Cdx ( x 1)2 ( x 2) = ( x + 1) + ( x 1)2 + ( x + 2) () , luego: = ( x 2 + 6) A B C = + + 2 2 ( x 1) ( x 2) ( x + 1) ( x 1) ( x + 2) x 2 + 6 = A( x + 1) + ( x + 2) + B( x + 2) + C ( x 1) 2
( x 2 1)dx ( x 2 + 1)( x 2) Solucin.( x 2 1)dx Ax + B Cdx ( x2 + 1)( x 2) = ( x 2 + 1) dx + ( x 2) () , luego:

7.19.-
( x 2 1) Ax + B C = 2 + x 2 1 = ( Ax + B)( x 2) + C ( x 2 + 1) 2 ( x + 1)( x 2) ( x + 1) ( x 2) x = 2 3 = 5C C = 3 5 x = 0 1 = 2 B + C B = 4 5 x = 1 0 = ( A + B ) + 2C A = 2 5 3 dx 1 2 xdx ( 2 x + 4 )dx 4 3 dx dx + 5 = 2 + 2 + () = 5 2 5 ( x + 1) ( x 2) 5 ( x + 1) 5 ( x + 1) 5 x 2 1 4 3 1 4 = x 2 + 1 + arc x + x 2 + c = ( x 2 + 1)( x 2)3 + arc x + c 5 5 5 5 5
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1 ( x + 2)10 7 +c 9 3( x 1) x 1
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x = 1 7 = 3B B = 7 3 x = 2 10 = 9C C = 10 9 x = 0 6 = 2 A + B + C A = 1 9 1 dx 7 dx 10 dx 1 7 1 10 + + = x 1 + x+2 +c () = 2 9 ( x + 1) 3 ( x 1) 9 ( x + 2) 9 3 x 1 9
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167
xdx x 4x 5 Solucin.xdx xdx Adx Bdx x2 4 x 5 = ( x + 5)( x 1) = ( x + 5) + ( x 1) () , luego: x A B = + x = A( x 1) + B( x + 5) ( x + 5)( x 1) ( x + 5) ( x 1) x = 1 1 = 6B B = 1 6 x = 5 5 = 6 A A = 5 6 5 dx 1 dx 5 1 5 () = + = x + 5 + x 1 + c = ( x + 5)5 ( x 1) + c 6 ( x + 5) 6 ( x 1) 6 6 6 xdx 7.21.- 2 x 2x 3 Solucin.xdx xdx Adx Bdx x2 2 x 3 = ( x 3)( x + 1) = ( x 3) + ( x + 1) () , luego: x A B = + x = A( x + 1) + B( x 3) ( x 3)( x + 1) ( x 3) ( x + 1) x = 1 1 = 4 B B = 1 4 x =3 3 = 4A A = 3 4 3 dx 1 B 3 1 1 () = + = x 3 + x + 1 + c = ( x 3)3 ( x + 1) + c 4 ( x 3) 4 ( x + 1) 4 4 4 ( x + 1)dx 7.22.- 2 x + 4x 5 Solucin.( x + 1)dx ( x + 1)dx Adx Bdx x2 + 4 x 5 = ( x + 5)( x 1) = ( x + 5) + ( x 1) () , luego: x +1 A B = + x + 1 = A( x 1) + B( x + 5) 2 ( x + 4 x 5) ( x + 5) ( x 1) x = 1 2 = 6B B = 1 3 x = 5 3 = 4 A 6 A = 2 3 2 dx 1 B 2 1 1 () = + = x + 5 + x 1 + c = ( x + 5) 2 ( x 1) + c 3 ( x + 5) 3 ( x 1) 3 3 3 2 x dx 7.23.- 2 x + 2x +1 Solucin.7.20.-
2
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x 2 dx 2x +1 (2 x + 1)dx (2 x + 1)dx 1 2 = dx dx = dx 2 x2 + 2 x + 1 = x + 2x +1 ( x + 1) 2 x + 2x +1 Adx Bdx () , luego: = x + ( x + 1) 2 ( x + 1) 2x +1 A B = + 2 x + 1 = A( x + 1) + B 2 ( x + 1) ( x + 1) ( x + 1) 2 x = 1 1 = B B = 1 x = 0 1 = A + B A = 2 1 1 dx dx () = x 2 = x 2 x + 1 + + c = x 2 x +1 +c 2 x + 5 x+5 ( x + 1) ( x + 1) dx 7.24.- x( x + 1) 2 Solucin.dx Adx Bdx Cdx x( x + 1)2 = x + ( x + 1) + ( x + 1)2 () , luego: 1 A B C = + + 1 = A( x + 1) 2 + Bx( x + 1) + Cx 2 2 x( x + 1) x ( x + 1) ( x + 1) x = 1 1 = C C = 1 x = 0 1 = A A = 1 x = 1 1 = 4 A + 2 B + C B = 1 dx dx dx 1 x 1 = x x +1 + +c = + +c 2 x x +1 x +1 x +1 ( x + 1) ( x + 1) dx 7.25.- ( x + 1)( x 2 + 1) Solucin.dx Adx Bx + C ( x + 1)( x + 1)2 = x + 1 + ( x2 + 1) dx () , luego: 1 A Bx + C = + 2 1 = A( x 2 + 1) + ( Bx + C )( x + 1) 2 ( x + 1)( x + 1) x + 1 ( x + 1) x = 1 1 = 2 A A = 1 2 1 x = 0 1 = A + C C = 2 x = 1 1 = 2 A + ( B + C )2 B = 1 2 (1 x + 1 )dx 1 1 1 x 1 dx 2 2 dx + = x +1 2 () = 2 2 ( x + 1) ( x + 1) 2 2 ( x + 1) 1 1 2 xdx 1 dx 1 1 1 = x +1 2 + 2 = x + 1 x 2 + 1 + arc gx + c 2 4 ( x + 1) 2 ( x + 1) 2 4 2
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169
1 ( x + 1) 2 1 2 + arc gx + c x +1 2 4 dx 7.26.- 2 x( x + x + 1) Solucin.dx Adx Bx + C x( x 2 + x + 1) = x + ( x 2 + x + 1) dx () , luego: 1 A Bx + C = + 2 1 = A( x 2 + x + 1) + ( Bx + C ) x 2 x( x + x + 1) x ( x + x + 1) x = 0 1 = A A = 1 x = 1 1 = 3 A + B + C B + C = 2 x = 1 1 = A + B C B C = 0 = dx ( x + 1)dx 1 (2 x + 2)dx 2 = x +1 2 x ( x + x + 1) 2 ( x + x + 1) 1 (2 x + 1) + 1 1 (2 x + 1)dx 1 dx = x 2 dx = x 2 2 2 ( x + x + 1) 2 ( x + x + 1) 2 ( x + x + 1) dx 1 1 = x x2 + x + 1 2 2 2 (x + x + 1 ) + 3 4 4 1 1 dx = x x2 + x + 1 2 2 ( x + 1 )2 + ( 3 )2 2 2 1 x+ 1 1 1 2 +c = x x2 + x + 1 arc g 2 2 3 3 2 2 1 3 2x +1 = x x2 + x + 1 arc g +c 2 3 3 2 x2 + 5x 1 7.27.- 3 dx x + x2 2 x Solucin.(2 x 2 + 5 x 1)dx Adx Bdx Cdx ( x3 + x 2 2 x) = x + ( x 1) + ( x + 2) () , luego:
()
2 x2 + 5x 1 A B C = + + 3 2 ( x + x 2 x) x ( x 1) ( x + 2) 2 x 2 + 5 x 1 = A( x 1)( x + 2) + Bx( x + 2) + Cx( x 1) x = 0 1 = 2 A A = 1 2 x = 1 6 = 3B B = 2 x = 2 3 = 6C C = 1 2
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170
() =
1 dx dx 1 dx 1 1 + 2 = x + 2 x 1 x + 2 + c 2 x ( x 1) 2 ( x + 2) 2 2
7.28.-
x2 + 2 x + 3 dx ( x 1)( x + 1) 2 Solucin.x2 + 2x + 3 Adx Bdx Cdx ( x 1)( x + 1)2 dx = ( x 1) + ( x + 1) + ( x + 1)2 () , luego:
x2 + 2x + 3 A B C = + + 2 ( x 1)( x + 1) ( x 1) ( x 1) ( x + 1) 2 x 2 + 2 x + 3 = A( x + 1) 2 + B ( x 1)( x + 1) + C ( x 1) x = 1 6 = 4A A = 3 2 x = 1 2 = 2C C = 1 x = 0 3 = A B C B = 1 2 3 dx 1 dx dx 3 1 1 () = = x 1 x +1 + +c 2 x +1 2 x 1 2 x +1 ( x + 1) 2 2 = 1 ( x 1)3 1 + +c 2 x +1 x +1
3x 2 + 2 x 2 A Bx + C = + 2 2 ( x 1)( x + x + 1) x 1 ( x + x + 1) 3 x 2 + 2 x 2 = A( x 2 + x + 1) + ( Bx + C )( x 1) x = 1 3 = 3A A = 1 x = 0 2 = A C C = 3 x = 1 1 = A + ( B + C )(2) B = 2 () = dx (2 x + 3)dx (2 x + 1) + 2 dx + 2 = x 1 + 2 x 1 ( x + x + 1) ( x + x + 1) (2 x + 1)dx dx = x 1 + 2 + 2 2 ( x + x + 1) ( x + x + 1) dx = x 1 + x 2 + x + 1 + 2 ( x + 1 )2 + ( 3 )2 2 2
3x2 + 2 x 2 dx x3 1 Solucin.3x 2 + 2 x 2 3x 2 + 2 x 2 Adx ( Bx + C )dx dx = x3 1 ( x 1)( x2 + x + 1)dx = x 1 + ( x 2 + x + 1) () , luego:
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7.29.-
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x+ 1 1 2 +c arc g 3 3 2 4 3 2x +1 = ( x 1)( x 2 + x + 1) + arc g +c 3 3 x 4 x3 + 2 x 2 x + 2 7.30.- dx ( x 1)( x 2 + 2) 2 Solucin.x 4 x3 + 2 x 2 x + 2 Adx ( Bx + C )dx ( Dx + E )dx ( x 1)( x 2 + 2)2 dx = x 1 + ( x2 + 2) + ( x 2 + 2)2 () , luego: = ( x 1)( x 2 + x + 1) + 2 x 4 x3 + 2 x 2 x + 2 A Bx + C Dx + E = + 2 + 2 2 2 ( x 1)( x + 2) x 1 ( x + 2) ( x + 2) 2 x 4 x3 + 2 x 2 x + 2 = A( x 2 + 2) 2 + ( Bx + C )( x 1)( x 2 + 2) + ( Dx + E )( x 1) = A( x 4 + 4 x 2 + 4) + ( Bx + C )( x3 + 2 x x 2 2) + Dx 2 Dx + Ex E = Ax 4 + 4 Ax 2 + 4 A + Bx 4 + 2 Bx 2 Bx3 2 Bx + Cx3 + 2Cx Cx 2 2C + Dx 2 Dx + Ex E = ( A + B ) x 4 + (C B ) x3 + (4 A C + 2 B + D) x 2 + (2 B + 2C D + E ) x + (4 A 2C E ) Igualando coeficientes, se tiene: A+ B =1 B+ C = 1 4 A+ 2 B C + D = 2 A = 1 3 , B = 2 3 , C = 1 3 , D = 1, E = 0 2 B + 2 C D + E = 1 4A 2C E =2
() =
( 2 x 1 )dx 1 dx xdx 3 3 + 2 2 3 x 1 ( x + 2) ( x + 2)2 1 dx 1 2 xdx 1 dx 1 2 xdx = + 2 2 2 3 x 1 3 ( x + 2) 3 ( x + 2) 2 ( x + 2) 2

= = 1 1 2 x 1 1 x 1 + x2 + 2 + +c arc g 2 3 3 6 2 2 x +2
1 2 x 1 ( x 1)( x 2 + 2) + +c arc g 2 3 6 2 2( x + 2) 2 x2 7 x 1 7.31.- 3 dx x + x2 x 1 Solucin.2x2 7 x 1 2 x2 7 x 1 Adx Bdx Cdx dx = x3 + x2 x 1 ( x 1)( x + 1)2 dx = x 1 + ( x + 1) + ( x + 1)2 () , luego:
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2x2 7 x 1 A B C = + + 3 2 ( x + x x 1) x 1 ( x + 1) ( x + 1) 2 2 x 2 7 x 1 = A( x + 1) 2 + B ( x 1)( x + 1) + C ( x 1) x = 1 8 = 2C C = 4 x =1 6 = 4 A A = 3 2 x = 0 1 = A B C B = 7 2 3 dx 7 dx dx 3 7 4 () = + 4 = x 1 + x +1 + +c 2 x +1 2 x 1 2 x +1 ( x + 1) 2 2
= 1 ( x + 1)7 4 + +c 3 2 ( x 1) x +1
3x 2 + 3x + 1 dx x3 + 2 x 2 + 2 x + 1 Solucin.3x 2 + 3x + 1 (3 x 2 + 3x + 1)dx Adx ( Bx + C )dx dx = x3 + 2 x 2 + 2 x + 1 ( x + 1)( x 2 + x + 1) = x + 1 + ( x2 + x + 1) () , luego:

7.32.-
dx 2 xdx (2 x + 1) 1 dx + 2 = x +1 + 2 x +1 ( x + x + 1) ( x + x + 1) (2 x + 1)dx dx = x +1 + 2 2 ( x + x + 1) ( x + x + 1) dx = x + 1 + x2 + x + 1 ( x 2 + x + 1 ) + ( 3 )2 4 2 1 x+ 1 2 +c = x + 1 + x2 + x + 1 arc g 3 3 2 2 2 3 2x +1 = ( x + 1)( x 2 + x + 1) arc g +c 3 3 x3 + 7 x 2 5 x + 5 7.33.- dx ( x 1) 2 ( x + 1) 2 Solucin.-
() =
3x2 + 3x + 1 A Bx + C = + 2 2 ( x + 1)( x + x + 1) x + 1 ( x + x + 1) 3 x 2 + 3 x + 1 = A( x 2 + x + 1) + ( Bx + C )( x + 1) x = 1 A = 1 x = 0 1 = A + C C = 0 x = 1 7 = 3 A + ( B + C )(2) B = 2
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x3 + 7 x 2 5 x + 5 Adx Bdx Cdx Ddx Edx ( x 1)2 ( x + 1)3 dx = x 1 + ( x 1)2 + ( x + 1) + ( x + 1)2 + ( x + 1)3 () , luego: x3 + 7 x 2 5 x + 5 A B C D E = + + + + 2 3 2 2 ( x 1) ( x + 1) x 1 ( x 1) x + 1 ( x + 1) ( x + 1)3 x3 + 7 x 2 5 x + 5 = A( x 1)( x + 1)3 + B ( x + 1)3 + C ( x 1) 2 ( x + 1) 2 + D( x 1) 2 ( x + 1) + E ( x 1) 2 = Ax 4 + 2 Ax3 2 Ax A + Bx 3 + 3Bx 2 + 3Bx + B + Cx 4 2Cx 2 + C + Dx3 Dx 2 Dx + D + Ex 2 2 Ex + E = ( A + C ) x 4 + (2 A + B + D) x3 + (3B 2C D + E ) x 2 + (2 A + 3B D 2 E ) x + ( A + B + C + D + E ) Igualando coeficientes, se tiene: +C = 0 A +D = 1 2A + B + 3 B 2 C D + E = 7 A = 0, B = 1, C = 0, D = 0, E = 4 D 2 E = 5 2 A + 3 B A + B + C + D + E = 2 1 2 dx dx x2 4x 1 4 c + = + = +c ( x + 1)3 x 1 ( x + 1)2 ( x 1) 2 ( x 1)( x + 1) 2 2 xdx 7.34.- 2 ( x + x + 1) 2 Solucin.2 xdx ( Ax + B)dx (Cx + D)dx ( x2 + x + 1)2 = x 2 + x + 1 + ( x 2 + x + 1)2 () , luego: 2x Ax + B Cx + D = 2 + 2 2 2 ( x + x + 1) x + x + 1 ( x + x + 1) 2 2 x = ( Ax + B)( x 2 + x + 1) + Cx + D 2 x = Ax3 + Ax 2 + Ax + Bx 2 + Bx + B + Cx + D = Ax3 + ( A + B) x 2 + ( A + B + C ) x + B + D , igualando coeficientes se tiene: = 0 A = 0 A+ B A+ B +C =2 + D = 0 A = 0, B = 0, C = 2, D = 0 2 xdx () = 2 , de donde el mtodo sugerido pierde aplicabilidad; tal como se ( x + x + 1) haba planteado la tcnica trabajada debe ser sustituida por otra: 2 xdx (2 x + 1)dx dx ( x2 + x + 1) = ( x 2 + x + 1) ( x 2 + x + 1)2
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(2 x + 1)dx 16 dx () 2 2 ( x + x + 1) 9 2 ( x + 1 ) + 1 2 3 sea: u = 2 ( x + 1 ), dx = 3 du , entonces: 2 2 3 1 16 3 du () 2 , trabajando la integral sustituyendo 2 x + x + 1 9 2 (u + 1) 2 trigonomtricamente: 1 8 3 sec2 d , ya que: u = g , du = sec 2 d = 2 x + x +1 9 sec4 1 8 3 1 1 u = 2 arc gu + x + x +1 9 2 2 (u 2 + 1) = 1 8 3 1 = 2 arc g x + x +1 9 2 1 8 3 1 = 2 arc g x + x +1 9 2 2 (x + 1 ) 2 2 3 (x + 1 ) + +c 2 2 4 1 3 2 ( x + ) + 1 2 3
x+ 1 2 2 (x + 1 ) + +c 2 3 3 4 ( x + 1 ) 2 + 1 2 3 (x + 1 ) 1 4 3 2 8 2 = 2 +c arc g (x + 1 ) 2 9 4 ( x + 1 ) 2 + 1 x + x +1 9 3 2 3 2 x + 2x + 3 dx 7.35.- x3 x Solucin.x2 + 2 x + 3 x2 + 2 x + 3 Adx Bdx Cdx dx = x3 x x( x 1)( x + 1)dx = x + ( x 1) + ( x + 1) () , luego: x2 + 2 x + 3 A B C = + + x( x 1)( x + 1) x ( x 1) ( x + 1) x 2 + 2 x + 3 = A( x 1)( x + 1) + Bx( x + 1) + Cx( x 1) x = 0 3 = A A = 3 x = 1 2 = 2C C = 1 x = 1 6 = 2B B = 3
() = 3
=
dx dx dx + 3 + = 3 x + 3 x 1 + x + 1 + c x ( x 1) ( x + 1)
( x 1)3 ( x + 1) +c x3
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7.36.-
(2 x 2 3 x + 5)dx ( x + 2)( x 1)( x 3) Solucin.2 x 2 3x + 5 Adx Bdx Cdx ( x + 2)( x 1)( x 3)dx = ( x + 2) + ( x 1) + ( x 3) () , luego: 2 x 2 3x + 5 A B C = + + ( x + 2)( x 1)( x 3) x + 2 x 1 x 3 2 x 2 3x + 5 = A( x 1)( x 3) + B( x + 2)( x 3) + C ( x + 2)( x 1)
3x2 + x 2 A Bx + C = + 2 2 ( x 1)( x + 1) x 1 x + 1 3 x 2 + x 2 = A( x 2 + 1) + ( Bx + C )( x 1) x = 1 2 = 2A A = 1 x = 0 2 = A C C = 3 x = 2 12 = 5 A + 2 B + C B = 2
() =
dx (2 x + 3)dx dx 2 xdx dx + = + 2 + 3 2 2 x 1 x +1 x 1 x +1 x +1 2 = x 1 + x + 1 + 3arc gx + c = ( x 1)( x 2 + 1) + 3arc gx + c
7.38.-
( x + 5)dx x3 3x + 2 Solucin.( x + 5)dx ( x + 5)dx Adx Bdx Cdx x3 3x + 2 = ( x 1)2 ( x + 2) = ( x 1) + ( x 1)2 + ( x + 2) () , luego: x+5 A B C = + + 3 2 x 3 x + 2 x 1 ( x 1) ( x + 2) x + 5 = A( x 1)( x + 2) + B( x + 2) + C ( x 1) 2
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x = 1 4 = 6 B B = 2 3 x = 3 14 = 10C C = 7 5 x = 2 19 = 15 A A = 19 15 19 dx 2 dx 7 dx 19 2 7 () = + = x + 2 x 1 + x 3 + c 15 x + 2 3 x 1 5 x 3 15 3 5 2 3x + x 2 dx 7.37.- ( x 1)( x 2 + 1) Solucin.3x2 + x 2 Adx ( Bx + C )dx ( x 1)( x 2 + 1)dx = ( x 1) + ( x 2 + 1) () , luego:
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x = 1 6 = 3B B = 2 x = 2 3 = 9C C = 1 3 x = 0 5 = 2 A + B + C A = 1 3 1 dx dx 1 dx 1 2 1 () = + 2 + = x 1 + x+2 +c 2 3 ( x 1) ( x 1) 3 ( x + 2) 3 x 1 3 1 x+2 2 = +c 3 x 1 x 1
7.39.-
2 x3 + 3x 2 + x 1 dx ( x + 1)( x 2 + 2 x + 2) 2 Solucin.(2 x3 + 3 x 2 + x 1)dx Adx ( Bx + C )dx ( Dx + E )dx ( x + 1)( x2 + 2 x + 2)2 = x + 1 + ( x2 + 2 x + 2) + ( x2 + 2 x + 2)2 () , luego: 2 x3 + 3x 2 + x 1 A Bx + C Dx + E = + 2 + 2 2 2 ( x + 1)( x + 2 x + 2) x + 1 ( x + 2 x + 2) ( x + 2 x + 2) 2 2 x3 + 3x 2 + x 1 = A( x 2 + 2 x + 2) 2 + ( Bx + C )( x 2 + 2 x + 2)( x + 1) + ( Dx + E )( x + 1) = Ax 4 + 4 Ax3 + 8 Ax 2 + 8 Ax + 4 A + Bx 4 + 3Bx 3 + 4 Bx 2 + 2 Bx + Cx3 + 3Cx 2 + 4Cx
+2C + Dx 2 + Dx + Ex + E = ( A + B ) x 4 + (4 A + 3B + C ) x3 + (+8 A + 4 B + 3C + D) x 2 + (8 A + 2 B + 4C + D + E ) x + (4 A + 2C + E ) Igualando coeficientes, se tiene: = 0 A + B = 2 4 A +3B + C 8 A + 4 B + 3C + D = 3 A = 1, B = 1, C = 3, D = 2, E = 3 8 A + 2 B + 4C + D + E = 1 4A + 2C + E = 1
() =
= = = =
dx ( x + 3)dx (2 x + 3)dx + 2 2 x +1 ( x + 2 x + 2) ( x + 2 x + 2) 2 1 (2 x + 6)dx (2 x + 2) + 1dx x 1 + 2 2 2 ( x + 2 x + 2) ( x + 2 x + 2) 2 1 (2 x + 2) + 4 (2 x + 2)dx dx x 1 + 2 dx 2 2 2 2 ( x + 2 x + 2) ( x + 2 x + 2) ( x + 2 x + 2) 2 1 (2 x + 2)dx dx (2 x + 2)dx dx x 1 + 2 + 2 2 2 2 2 2 ( x + 2 x + 2) ( x + 2 x + 2) ( x + 2 x + 2) ( x + 2 x + 2) 2 1 dx 1 1 dx x 1 + x 2 + 2 x + 2 + 2 + 2 2 2 2 2 ( x + 1) + 1 2 x + 2 x + 2 ( x + 1) + 1
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1 x 2 + 2 x + 2 + 2 arc g ( x + 1) 2 x +1 1 1 1 1 + arc g ( x + 1) + c 2 2 2 x + 2x + 2 2 x + 2x + 2 2 = x 1 + = x2 + 2x + 2 3 x 1 + arc g ( x + 1) +c 2 2 2 x + 2x + 2 x +1
(2 x 2 + 3 x 1)dx 7.40.- 3 x + 2x2 + 4x + 2 Solucin.(2 x 2 + 3x 1)dx (2 x 2 + 3x 1)dx Adx ( Bx + C )dx = x3 + 2 x 2 + 4 x + 2 ( x + 1)( x2 + 2 x + 2) = ( x + 1) + ( x2 + 2 x + 2) () , luego: (2 x 2 + 3 x 1) A ( Bx + C ) = + 2 2 ( x + 1)( x + 2 x + 2) ( x + 1) ( x + 2 x + 2) 2 x 2 + 3x 1 = A( x 2 + 2 x + 2) + ( Bx + C )( x + 1) x = 1 2 = A A = 2 x = 0 1 = 2 A + C C = 3 x = 1 4 = 5 A + ( B + C )(2) B = 4
(2 x + 1)dx 3x3 + 2 x 1 Solucin.(2 x + 1)dx (2 x + 1)dx Adx ( Bx + C )dx 3x3 2 x 1 = ( x 1)(3x 2 + 3x + 1) = ( x 1) + (3x2 + 3x + 1) () , luego: (2 x + 1) A ( Bx + C ) = + 3 (3 x 2 x 1) ( x 1) (3 x 2 + 3 x + 1) 2 x + 1 = A(3x 2 + 3x + 1) + ( Bx + C )( x 1)
7.41.-
x = 1 3 = 7 A A = 3 7 x = 0 1 = A C C = 4 7 x = 1 1 = A + ( B + C )(2) B = 9 7 1 3 1 (9 x + 4)dx 3 1 9 (6 x + 3 3 )dx dx = x 1 () = 7 ( x 1) 7 3x 2 + 3x + 1 7 7 6 3x2 + 3x + 1
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dx (4 x + 3)dx (2 x + 2) 1 + 2 = 2 x + 1 + 2 2 dx ( x + 1) x + 2x + 2 x + 2x + 2 dx (2 x + 2)dx = 2 x + 1 + 2 2 2 2 x + 2x + 2 x + 2x + 2 2 = 2 x + 1 + 2 x + 2 x + 2 2 arc g ( x + 1) + c
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3 3 (6 x + 3)dx 1 dx + 2 x 1 2 7 14 3 x + 3 x + 1 14 3x + 3x + 1 3 3 1 dx = x 1 3x 2 + 3x + 1 + 1 7 14 14 3( x + ) 2 + 1 2 4 3 3 2 dx = x 1 3x 2 + 3x + 1 + 7 14 7 12( x + 1 ) 2 + 1 2 3 3 3 = x 1 3x 2 + 3x + 1 + arc g 2 3( x + 1 ) + c 2 7 14 21 4 2 x 2 x + 3x + 4 dx 7.42.- ( x 1)3 ( x 2 + 2 x + 2) Solucin.x 4 2 x 2 + 3x + 4 Adx Bdx Cdx ( Dx + E )dx ( x 1)3 ( x 2 + 2 x + 2)dx = ( x 1) + ( x 1)2 + ( x 1)3 + ( x 2 + 2 x + 2) () , luego: x 4 2 x 2 + 3x + 4 A B C Dx + E = + + + 2 3 2 2 3 ( x 1) ( x + 2 x + 2) ( x 1) ( x 1) ( x 1) ( x + 2 x + 2) x 4 2 x 2 + 3x + 4 = A( x 1) 2 ( x 2 + 2 x + 2) + B( x 1)( x 2 + 2 x + 2)
=
+C ( x 2 + 2 x + 2) + ( Dx + E )( x 1)3 x 4 2 x 2 + 3x + 4 = A( x 2 2 x + 1)( x 2 + 2 x + 2) + B( x3 + 2 x 2 + 2 x x 2 2 x 2) +C ( x 2 + 2 x + 2) + ( Dx + E )( x3 3 x 2 + 3 x 1)
+ Dx 4 3Dx 3 + 3Dx 2 Dx + Ex3 3Ex 2 + 3Ex E x 4 2 x 2 + 3 x + 4 = ( A + D ) x 4 + ( B 3 D + E ) x 3 + ( A + B + C + 3 D 3E ) x 2 + (2 A + 2C D + 3E ) x + (2 A 2 B + 2C E ) Igualando coeficientes se tiene: +D = 1 A B 3 D + E = 0 A + B + C + 3 D 3 E = 2 +2C D +3E = 3 2 A 2 A 2 B +2C E = 4 A = 106 125 ,B = 9 25 , C = 6 , D = 19 , E = 102 5 125 125
() =
106 dx 9 dx 6 dx 1 (19 x + 102)dx + + 2 3 125 x + 1 25 ( x 1) 5 ( x 1) 125 ( x 2 + 2 x + 2) 102 )dx 106 9 1 6 1 19 ( x + 19 x 1 + = + + 2 2 125 25 x 1 5 (2)( x 1) 125 ( x + 2 x + 2)
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x 4 2 x 2 + 3x + 4 = Ax 4 Ax 2 2 Ax + 2 A + Bx3 + Bx 2 2 B + Cx 2 + 2Cx + 2C
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106 125 106 = 125 106 = 125 106 = 125
9 3 25( x 1) 5( x 1)2 9 3 x 1 + 25( x 1) 5( x 1) 2 9 3 x 1 + 25( x 1) 5( x 1) 2 9 3 x 1 + 25( x 1) 5( x 1)2
x 1 +
19 (2 x + 2) + 8 14 19 dx 250 ( x 2 + 2 x + 2) dx 19 19 166 + x2 + 2x + 2 + 2 250 250 19 ( x + 2 x + 1) + 1 dx 19 166 + x2 + 2x + 2 + 250 250 ( x + 1) 2 + 1 19 166 arc g ( x + 1) + c + x2 + 2 x + 2 + 250 250 +
s e n d cos + cos 2 Solucin.s e n d s e n d cos2 + cos 2 = (cos + 2)(cos 1) () , Sea: u = cos 1, du = s e n d , cos + 2 = u + 3 Luego: du du Adu Bdu = = () () (u + 3)u u (u + 3) u u +3 A B 1 = + 1 = A(u + 3) + Bu u (u + 3) u u + 3 u = 0 1 = 3 A A = 1 3 u = 3 1 = 3 B B = 1 3
7.44.-
2
et + 1 +c et + 2
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et dt e2t + 3et + 2 Solucin.et dt et dt t t t = e2t + 3et + 2 (et + 2)(et + 2) () , Sea: u = e + 1, du = e dt; e + 2 = u + 1 Luego: du Adu Bdu () () = + (u + 1)u (u + 1) u A B 1 = + 1 = Au + B (u + 1) (u + 1)u (u + 1) u u = 0 1 = B B = 1 u = 1 1 = A A = 1 du du () = + = u + 1 + u + c = et + 2 + e t + 1 + c u (u + 1)
7.43.-
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() = 1 3 1 = 3
=
du 1 du 1 1 1 + = u + u+3 +c 3 u 3 (u + 3) 3 3 1 cos 1 + cos + 2 + c , Como: cos < 1 , se tiene: 3 1 1 2 + cos 1 cos + 2 + cos + c = +c 3 3 1 cos
7.45.-
4 x 4 2 x3 x 2 + 3x + 1 dx ( x3 + x 2 x 1) Solucin. 4 x 4 2 x3 x 2 + 3x + 1 9 x2 + x 5 4 6 dx = x + dx ( x3 + x 2 x 1) x3 + x 2 x 1 = 4dx 6dx +
(9 x 2 + x 5)dx (9 x 2 + x 5)dx 2 = + 2 x 6 x x3 + x 2 x 1 () x3 + x 2 x 1 Trabajando slo la integral resultante: (9 x 2 + x 5)dx (9 x 2 + x 5)dx Adx Bdx Cdx = x3 + x 2 x 1 ( x + 1)2 ( x 1) = ( x + 1) + ( x + 1)2 + ( x 1) () , luego: (9 x 2 + x 5) A B C = + + 3 2 2 x 1 ( x + x x 1) ( x + 1) ( x + 1) 2 = 9 x + x 5 = A( x + 1)( x 1) + B ( x 1) + C ( x + 1) 2 x = 1 5 = 4C C = 5 4 x = 1 3 = 2 B B = 3 2 x = 0 5 = A B + C A = 31 4 dx dx dx 31 3 5 31 3 5 () = + = x +1 + + x 1 + c 2 4 ( x + 1) 2 ( x + 1) 4 ( x 1) 4 2( x + 1) 4 31 3 5 () = 2 x 2 6 x + x +1 + + x 1 + c 4 2( x + 1) 4
7.46.-
3 x 4 dx ( x 2 + 1) 2 Solucin. 3 x 4 dx 3 x 4 dx 2x2 + 1 2 x2 + 1 = = = dx dx 3 1 3 3 2 2 ( x 2 + 1)2 ( x 4 + 2 x 2 + 1) ( x 2 + 1)2 dx ( x + 1) = 3 x 3
2 x2 + 1 dx () ( x 2 + 1) 2 Trabajando slo la integral resultante: (2 x 2 + 1)dx ( Ax + B)dx (Cx + D)dx ( x 2 + 1)2 = ( x2 + 1) + ( x 2 + 1)2 () , luego:
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(2 x 2 + 1) Ax + B Cx + D = + 2 x 2 + 1 = ( Ax + B )( x 2 + 1) + Cx + D ( x 2 + 1) 2 ( x 2 + 1) ( x 2 + 1) 2 2 x 2 + 1 = Ax3 + Ax + Bx 2 + B + Cx + D 2 x 2 + 1 = Ax3 + Bx 2 + ( A + C ) x + ( B + D) Igualando coeficientes: A = 0, B = 2, A + C = 0 C = 0, B + D = 1 D = 1 dx dx x 1 () = 2 2 2 = 2 arc gx arc gx + +c 2 ( x + 1) ( x + 1) 2 1 + x2 x 3 = arc gx +c 2 2(1 + x 2 ) x 9 () = 3 x arc gx +c 2 2(1 + x 2 )
7.47.-
(2 x 2 + 41x 91)dx x3 2 x 2 11x + 12 Solucin.(2 x 2 + 41x 91)dx (2 x 2 + 41x 91)dx = x3 2 x 2 11x + 12 ( x 1)( x + 3)( x 4) = (2 x 2 + 41x 91)dx Adx Bdx Cdx () = + + ( x 1)( x + 3)( x 4) x 1 x+3 x4
x = 3 18 123 91 = B(4)(7) B = 7 x = 4 32 + 164 91 = C (3)(7) C = 5 x = 1 2 + 41 91 = A(4)(3) A = 4
() = 4
dx dx dx 7 + 5 = 4 x 1 7 x + 3 + 5 x 4 + c ( x 1) ( x + 3) ( x 4)
( x 1) 4 ( x 4)5 = +c ( x + 3)7
(2 x 4 + 3 x 3 x 1)dx ( x 1)( x 2 + 2 x + 2) 2 Solucin.2 x 4 + 3x3 x 1 Adx ( Bx + C )dx ( Dx + E )dx ( x 1)( x 2 + 2 x + 2)2 dx = ( x 1) + ( x 2 + 2 x + 2) + ( x2 + 2 x + 2)2 () , luego:
7.48.-
2 x 4 + 3x 2 x 1 A Bx + C Dx + E = + 2 + 2 2 2 ( x 1)( x + 2 x + 2) ( x 1) ( x + 2 x + 2) ( x + 2 x + 2) 2 2 x 4 + 3 x3 x 1 = A( x 2 + 2 x + 2) 2 + ( Bx + C )( x 1)( x 2 + 2 x + 2) + ( Dx + E )( x 1) 2 x 4 + 3 x3 x 1 = A( x 4 + 4 x 2 + 4 + 4 x3 + 4 x 2 + 8 x) + B ( x 4 + 2 x3 + 2 x 2 x3 2 x 2 2 x) +C ( x3 + 2 x 2 + 2 x x 2 2 x 2) + D( x 2 x) + E ( x 1)
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(2 x 2 + 41x 91) A B C = + + ( x 1)( x + 3)( x 4) x 1 x + 3 x 4 (2 x 2 + 41x 91) = A( x + 3)( x 4) + B ( x 1)( x 4) + C ( x 1)( x + 3)
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2 x 4 + 3 x3 x 1 = ( A + B ) x 4 + (4 A + B + C ) x 3 + (8 A + C + D ) x 2 + (8 A 2 B D + E ) x + (4 A 2C E ) Igualando coeficientes se tiene: = 2 A + B + C = 3 4A + B 8A + C +D = 0 2B D + E = 1 8A 4A 2C E = 1 A= 3 , C = 16 , D = 8 , E = 1 25 25 5 5 3 dx 1 (47 x + 16)dx 1 (8 x 1)dx + 2 2 () = 25 x 1 25 ( x + 2 x + 2) 5 ( x + 2 x + 2) 2 16 )dx 1 3 47 ( x + 8 ( x 8 )dx = x 1 + 2 47 2 25 25 ( x + 2 x + 2) 5 ( x + 2 x + 2) 2 62 9 3 47 (2 x + 2) 47 4 (2 x + 2) 4 = x 1 + dx dx 25 50 ( x 2 + 2 x + 2) 5 ( x 2 + 2 x + 2) 2 3 47 (2 x + 2)dx 62 dx 4 (2 x + 2)dx = 2 2 x 1 + 2 25 50 ( x + 2 x + 2) 50 ( x + 2 x + 2) 5 ( x + 2 x + 2) 2 9 dx + 2 5 ( x + 2 x + 2) 2 dx 3 47 62 4 1 = x 1 + x2 + 2 x + 2 + 2 2 25 50 50 ( x + 1) + 1 5 ( x + 2 x + 2) dx 9 + 5 ( x + 1) 2 + 1 2 3 47 62 4 = x 1 + x 2 + 2 x + 2 arc g ( x + 1) + 2 25 50 50 5( x + 2 x + 2) 25 , B = 47
x +1 9 1 1 + arc g ( x + 1) + +c 2 5 2 2 x + 2x + 2 3 47 17 9 x + 17 = x 1 + x 2 + 2 x + 2 arc g ( x + 1) + +c 25 50 50 10( x 2 + 2 x + 2) dx 7.49.- 2 x e + ex 2 Solucin.dx dx dx e 2 x + e x 2 = (e x ) 2 + e x 2 = (e x ) 2 + e x + 1 2 1 4 4
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e + 1 ( 3 ) 2 2 2 Luego: du u 1 du Adu Bdu Cdu 2 = () 2 () = + 3 ) (u 3 ) u 1 u ( 3 )2 (u 1 )(u + 3 )(u 3 ) ( u + 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 A B C 1 = + (u 1 )(u + 3 )(u 3 ) (u 1 2) (u + 3 ) (u 3 ) 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 1 = A(u + )(u ) B (u 1 )(u ) + C (u 1 )(u + 3 ) 2 2 2 2 2 2 u = 1 1 = A(2)(1) A = 1 2 2 u = 3 1 = B (2)(3) B = 1 2 6 u = 3 2 1 = C (1)(3) C = 1 3 1 du 1 du 1 du + + () = 1 3 2 (u ) 6 (u + ) 3 (u 3 ) 2 2 2 1 1 1 = (u 1 ) + (u + 3 ) + (u 3 ) + c 2 6 2 3 2 2 2 x x x x 2 2 (u + 3 )(u 3 ) 1 2 2 + c = 1 (e + 2)(e 1) + c = 1 (e + 2)(e 1) + c = e3 x 6 6 (e x )3 6 (u 1 )3 2 s e n xdx 7.50.- cos x(1 + cos 2 x) Solucin.s e n xdx s e n xdx du Adu ( Bu + C )du cos x(1 + cos2 x) = cos x(1 + cos2 x) = u(1 + u 2 ) = u (1 + u 2 ) () Sea: u = cos x, du = s e n xdx A ( Bu + C ) 1 = + 1 = A(1 + u 2 ) + ( Bu + C )u 2 u (1 + u ) u (1 + u 2 ) 1 = A + Au 2 + Bu 2 + Cu 1 = ( A + B )u 2 + Cu + A Igualando Coeficientes se tiene: A + B = 0 B = A B = (1) B = 1 C = 0, A =1 du udu + = u + 1 + u 2 + c = cos x + 1 + (cos x) 2 + c () = 2 u 1+ u
x 2
dx
2
du () , Sea: u = e x + 1 , du = e x dx dx = 2 u 1
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1 + (cos x) 2 +c cos x
(2 + g 2 ) sec2 d 1 + g 3 Solucin.(2 + g 2 ) sec2 d (2 + u 2 )du (2 + u 2 )du = = (1 + u 3 ) (1 + u)(u 2 u + 1) () 1 + g 3 Sea: u = g , du = sec2 d

7.51.-
(2 + u 2 )du Adu Bu + C (1 + u 3 ) = (1 + u ) + (u 2 u + 1) , luego: A Bu + C (2 + u 2 ) = + 2 (2 + u 2 ) = A(u 2 u + 1) + ( Bu + C )(1 + u ) 3 (1 + u ) (1 + u ) (u u + 1) (2 + u 2 ) = Au 2 Au + A + Bu 2 + Bu + C + Cu (2 + u 2 ) = ( A + B)u 2 + ( A + B + C )u + A + C Igualando Coeficientes se tiene: A+ B =1 A + B + C = 0 A = 1, B = 0, C = 1 A + C = 2 du du du du () = + 2 = + 1+ u u u +1 1+ u (u 1 ) 2 + ( 3 ) 2 2 2 1 u 1 2 + c = 1 + u + 2 arc g 2u 1 + c = 1+ u + arc g 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 (2 g 1) = 1 + g + arc g +c 3 3 (5 x 3 + 2)dx 7.52.- 3 x 5x2 + 4 x Solucin.(5 x3 + 2)dx (5 x 3 + 2)dx Adx Bdx Cdx = x3 5 x2 + 4 x x( x 1)( x 4) = x + ( x 1) + ( x 4) () (5 x3 + 2) A B C , Luego: = + + x( x 1)( x 4) x ( x 1) ( x 4) (5 x3 + 2) = A( x 1)( x 4) + Bx( x 4) + Cx( x 1) Igualando Coeficientes se tiene:
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x = 0 2 = 4A A = 1 2 x = 1 7 = 3B B = 7 3 x = 4 322 = 12C C = 161 6 1 dx 7 dx 161 dx 1 7 161 + = x x 1 + x4 +c () = 2 x 3 x 1 6 x 4 2 3 6 x3 ( x 4)161 3 14 161 1 = x +c x 1 + x4 +c = 6 3 6 6 ( x 1)14 x5 dx ( x3 + 1)( x3 + 8) Solucin.x 5 dx x5 dx = ( x3 + 1)( x3 + 8) ( x + 1)( x 2 x + 1)( x + 2)( x2 2 x + 4) Adx Bdx (Cx + D )dx ( Ex + F )dx = + + 2 + 2 () , luego: ( x + 1) ( x + 2) ( x x + 1) ( x 2 x + 4)
7.53.-
+ (8 A + B + 8C + E ) x 2 + (8 A 2 B + 8C + 8 D + 2 E + F ) x + (8 A + 4 B + 8D + 2 F ) Igualando coeficientes se tiene: + B + C + E =1 A 2B + C + D +2E+ F = 0 A +4B + D + 2F = 0 A + B + 8C + E =0 8A 8A 2B +8 C + 8 D + 2 E + F = 0 8A +4B +8D + 2F = 0 A= 1 , C = 2 , D = 1 , E = 16 , F = 16 21 21 21 21 21 1 dx 8 dx 1 (2 x 1)dx 16 ( x 1)dx + + () = 21 x + 1 21 ( x + 2) 21 ( x 2 x + 1) 21 ( x 2 2 x + 4) 1 8 1 8 (2 x 2)dx = x +1 + x+2 x2 x + 1 + 2 21 21 21 21 x 2 x + 4 21 ,B = 8
x5 = ( A + B + C + E ) x5 + ( A 2 B + C + D + 2 E + F ) x 4 + ( A + 4 B + D + 2 F ) x3
.M
+ (Cx + D)( x 4 + 8 x + x3 + 8) + ( Ex + F )( x 4 + 2 x3 + x + 2)
at
em
x5 = A( x 5 + 8 x 2 x 4 8 x + x3 + 8) + B( x5 2 x 4 + 4 x 3 + x 2 2 x + 4)
at
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+ (Cx + D)( x + 1)( x + 2)( x 2 2 x + 4) + ( Ex + F )( x + 1)( x + 1)( x 2 x + 1)
.c
x5 A B Cx + D Ex + F = + + 2 + 2 , luego: 3 3 ( x + 1)( x + 8) ( x + 1) ( x + 2) ( x x + 1) ( x 2 x + 4) x5 = A( x + 2)( x 2 x + 1)( x 2 2 x + 4) + B( x + 1)( x 2 x + 1)( x 2 2 x + 4)
om
186
1 8 1 8 x +1 + x+2 x2 x + 1 x2 2x + 4 + c 21 21 21 21
8
( x + 2)( x 2 2 x + 4) 1 +c = 21 ( x + 1)( x 2 x + 1)
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187
CAPITULO 8
INTEGRACION DE FUNCIONES RACIONALES D SENO Y COSENO
Existen funciones racionales que conllevan formas trigonomtricas, reducibles por si a: seno y coseno. Lo conveniente en tales casos es usar las siguientes x 2dz . Es fcil llegar a verificar sustituciones: z = g , de donde: x = 2 arc gz y dx = 1+ z2 2 2z 1 z2 x cos y = que de lo anterior se consigue: s e n x = 1+ z2 1+ z2
8.1.-Encontrar:
dx 2 cos x
1 , y su 2 cos x solucin se hace sencilla, usando sustituciones recomendadas, este es: x 2dz 1 z2 x cos z = g , x = 2 arc gz , dx = , = 1+ z2 2 1+ z2 2dz 2dz 2 2dz 2dz dx 1+ z2 1+ z = = 2 cos x 1 z 2 2 + 2 z 1 + z 2 = 3z 2 + 1 = 3( z 2 + 1 ) 2 3 1+ z2 1+ z2 2 dz 2 x = = 3 arc g 3z + c , recordando que: z = g , se tiene: 2 3 z 2 + ( 1 )2 3 3 2 x 3 arc g 3 g + c = 3 2 dx 2 x Respuesta: = arc g 3 g + c 2 cos x 3 2 dx 8.2.-Encontrar: 2sen x 1 Solucin.- Forma racional: , 2sen x x 2dz 2z ,sen x = sustituciones: z = g , x = 2 arc gz , dx = 2 1+ z 1+ z2 2 2dz 2dz dx 2 dz dz 1+ z2 1+ z2 = = 2 s e n x 2 z 2 + 2 z 2 2 z = 2 (1 + z 2 z ) = ( z 2 z + 1) 2 1+ z2 1+ z2
Solucin.- La funcin racional con expresin trigonomtrica es:
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z 1 dz 2 2 1 3 + c = 1 3z 1 + c = 2 2 9 z (1 ) 9 2(1 ) 3 3z + 1 z+ 1 3 3 3
Recordando que: z = g Respuesta:
, se tiene: =
3 g 1 d 1 2 = +c 4 5cos 3 +1 3 g 2 d 8.4.-Encontrar: 3cos + 4s e n Solucin.- usando las sustituciones recomendadas: 2dz 2dz d 1+ z2 1+ z2 = = 3cos + 4s e n 1 z 2 2 z 3 3z 2 + 8z + 4 3 2 2 1+ z2 1+ z 1+ z
w .M
Ahora bien: z 2 z + 1 = ( z 2 z + 1 ) + 1 1 = ( z 1 ) 2 + 3 = ( z 1 ) 2 + ( 3 ) 2 4 4 2 4 2 2 2z 1 1 z dx 1 2 + c = 2 arc g 2 + c arc g = 3 3 3 3 ( z 1 )2 + ( 3 )2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2z 1 x = arc g + c ,recordando que: z = g , se tiene: 2 3 3 2 g x 1 2 3 2 +c arc g = 3 3 2 g x 1 dx 2 3 2 +c Respuesta: = arc g 2sen x 3 3 d 8.3.-Encontrar: 4 5cos 1 Solucin.- Forma racional: , 4 5cos 2dz 1 z2 , cos x = sustituciones: z = g , x = 2 arc gz , dx = 1+ z2 1+ z2 2 2dz 2dz 2dz 2dz dx 1+ z2 1+ z2 = 2 = = = 2 2 2 2 4 + 4z 5 + 5z 9z 1 4 5cos 1 z 9( z 1 ) 9 4 5 2 1+ z2 1+ z
at
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3 g 1 1 2 +c 3 3 g +1 2
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189
2dz 2 dz = 2 , pero: 8 8 3 z 3( z z 1) z 1 3 3 2 2 8 8 16 z z 1 = (z z+ ) 1 16 = ( z 4 ) 2 ( 5 ) 2 , luego: 3 3 9 9 3 3 dz 2 = , sea: w = z 4 , dw = dz ; de donde: 3 3 ( z 4 )2 ( 5 )2 3 3 z4 5 2 1 3 3 + c = 1 3z 9 + c , como: z = g , se tiene: = 2 3 2( 5 ) 5 3z + 1 z4 +5 3 3 3 =

2
3 g 9 d 1 2 = +c Respuesta: 3cos + 4s e n 5 3 g + 1 2 d 8.5.-Encontrar: 3 + 2 cos + 2s e n Solucin.- usando las sustituciones recomendadas: 2dz 2dz 2 d 1+ z 1+ z2 = = 3 + 2 cos + 2s e n 1 z 2 2 z 2 2 z 2 4 z + 3+ + 2 3+ 2 2 2 1+ z2 1+ z2 1+ z 1+ z 2dz 2dz 2dz 1+ z2 = = 2 = = 2 arc g ( z + 2) + c 2 2 3 + 3z + 2 2 z + 4 z z + 4z + 5 ( z + 2) 2 + 1 1+ z2
Como: z = g , se tiene: = 2 arc g ( g + 2) + c 2 2 d Respuesta: = 2 arc g ( g + 2) + c 2 3 + 2 cos + 2s e n dx 8.6.-Encontrar: g s e n Solucin.- Antes de hacer las sustituciones recomendadas, se buscar la equivalencia correspondiente a g 2z 2z s e n 1+ z2 , procdase ahora como antes: = g = = 2 1 z 1 z2 cos
3 g 9 1 2 = +c 5 3 g +1 2
1+ z2
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2dz 2dz 2 2(1 z 2 )dz dx 1+ z2 1 z + g s e n = 2 z 2 z = 2 z (1 + z 2 ) 2 z (1 z 2 ) = 2 z + 2 z 3 2 z + 2 z 3 + 1 z2 1+ z2 (1 z 2 ) (1 + z 2 ) (2 2 z 2 )dz 1 3 1 dz 1 1 = z dz = 2 z + c 3 4z 2 2 z 4z 2 1 1 2 Como: z = g , se tiene: = (co g ) g + c 2 2 2 4 2 dx 1 1 Respuesta: = (co g 2 ) g + c 2 2 2 g s e n 4 dx 8.7.-Encontrar: 2+sen x Solucin.- usando las sustituciones recomendadas: 2dz 2dz 2 dz dz dx 1+ z2 1+ z = = 2+sen x 2 + 2z2 + 2z = z2 + z + 1 = (z2 + z + 1 ) + 3 2z 2+ 4 4 1+ z2 1+ z2 = (z + 1 ) 1 2 + c = 2 arc g 2 z + 1 + c arc g 3 3 3 3 ( z + 1 )2 + ( 3 )2 2 2 2 2 2 g x + 1 2 2 +c Como: z = g x , se tiene: = arc g 2 3 3 2 g x + 1 dx 2 2 +c Respuesta: = arc g 2+sen x 3 3 cos xdx 8.8.-Encontrar: 1 + cos x Solucin.-usando las sustituciones recomendadas: 1 z 2 2dz 1 z 2 2dz 2 2 1+ z2 1+ z2 cos xdx 2 (1 z 2 )dz (1 z 2 )dz 1+ z 1+ z = = = = 1 + cos x 1 + z 2 + 1 z 2 (1 + z 2 ) 2 (1 + z 2 ) 1 z2 1+ 1+ z2 1+ z2 ( z 2 + 1)dz 2 dz = = 1 + 2 dz = dz + 2 2 = z + 2 arc gz + c 2 ( z + 1) z +1 z +1 x x Como: z = g x , se tiene: = g + 2 arc g ( g ) + c 2 2 2 cos xdx x Respuesta: = g + x + c 1 + cos x 2
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2dz
191
dx 1 + s e n x + cos x Solucin.- usando las sustituciones recomendadas: 2dz 2dz dx 1+ z2 = 1 + s e n x + cos x 2 z 1 z 2 = 1 + z 2 + 2 z + 1 z 2 1+ + 2 2 1+ z 1+ z 2dz dz = = = z + 1 + c , como: z = g x , se tiene: = g x + 1 + c 2 2 2z + 2 z +1 dx Respuesta: = g x +1 + c 2 1 + s e n x + cos x dx 8.10.-Encontrar: cos x + 2s e n x + 3 Solucin.- usando las sustituciones recomendadas: 2dz 2dz 2dz dx 1+ z2 = cos x + 2s e n x + 3 1 z 2 4 z = 1 z 2 + 4 z + 3 + 3z 2 = 2 z 2 + 2 z + 2 + +3 2 2 1+ z 1+ z dz dz = 2 = = arc g ( z + 1) + c , como: z = g , 2 z + 2z + 2 ( z + 1) 2 + 1 Se tiene: = arc g ( g x + 1) + c 2 dx Respuesta: = arc g ( g x + 1) + c 2 cos x + 2s e n x + 3 s e n xdx 8.11.-Encontrar: 1+ s e n2 x Solucin.- usando las sustituciones recomendadas: 4 zdz 2 z 2dz 2 2 2 2 s e n xdx 4 zdz 4 zdz 1 + z 1 + z (1 + z ) = = = 2 2 2 2 2 2 1+ s e n2 x 4z (1 + z ) + 4 z 1+ 2z + z4 + 4z2 2z + 1 1+ 2 (1 + z 2 ) 2 1+ z 4 zdz 4 zdz 4 zdz = 4 = 4 = 2 2 2 z + 6z +1 ( z + 6 z + 9) 8 ( z + 3) 2 ( 8) 2 Sea: w = z 2 + 3, dw = 2 zdz
8.9.-Encontrar:
= 2 dw 2 w 8 8 w 8 8 z2 + 3 8 + = + = +c = c c 8 8 w2 ( 8) 2 2 8 w+ 8 w+ 8 z2 + 3 + 8
g2 x 2 + 3 2 2 z2 + 3 8 2 2 +c = +c , se tiene: = 2 2 Como: z = g 2 4 4 z +3+ 8 g x2 +3+ 2 2
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192
g2 x 2 + 3 2 2 s e n xdx 2 = +c Respuesta: 2 1+ s e n2 x 4 g x2 +3+ 2 2 d 8.12.-Encontrar: 5 + 4 cos Solucin.-usando las sustituciones recomendadas:

dx 5 + 4 cos = 2dz 2dz 2dz dz 1+ z2 = = 2 = 2 2 2 2 2 2 5 + 5z + 4 4 z z +9 z +3 1 z 5 + 4 2 1+ z
g x 2 1 2 2 2 z 1 2 x , se tiene: = +c = + c , como: z = g 2 2 2 z 1 + 2 g x 2 1+ 2 g x 2 1 2 dx 2 Respuesta: = +c s e n x + cos x 2 g x 2 1 + 2 sec xdx 8.14.-Encontrar: sec x + 2 gx 1 Solucin.- usando las sustituciones recomendadas: 1 2dz dx sec xdx dx x 1+ z2 = = sec x + 2 gx 1 = 1 cos 2 2s e n x 1 + 2s e n x cos x 4z 1 z + 1 1+ 2 2 cos x cos x 1+ z 1+ z
= 2
dz dz 1 z 1 2 = 2 =2 +c 2 2 ( z 2 z + 1) 2 ( z 1) ( 2) 2 2 z 1+ 2
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g 2 2 z 2 = arc g + c , como: z = g , se tiene: = arc g +c 3 3 3 3 2 g 2 2 d Respuesta: = arc g +c 5 + 4 cos 3 3 dx 8.14.-Encontrar: s e n x + cos x Solucin.- usando las sustituciones recomendadas: 2dz 2 2dz dx dz s e n x + cos x = 2 z 1+ z 1 z 2 = 2 z + 1 z 2 = 2 ( z 2 + 2 z + 1) + 2 2 1+ z 1+ z
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193
2dz = dz 2dz 2 dz 1+ z2 () = = 2 = 2 2 2 z ( z + 2) 2z + 4z 1 + z + 4 z 1 + z 2 ( z + 2 z) 1+ z2
Ahora bien:
1 A B , de donde: = + z ( z + 2) z z + 2 1 A( z + 2) + B ( z ) 1 = A( z + 2) + B ( z ) , de donde: A = 1 , B = 1 = 2 2 z ( z + 2) z ( z + 2)
dz 2 dz () = 2 z ( z + 1) 2 ( z + z) 1 A B , de donde se tiene: Ahora bien: = + z ( z + 1) z z + 1 1 A( z + 1) + B ( z ) 1 = A( z + 1) + B ( z ) , de donde: A = 1, B = 1 , luego: = z ( z + 1) z ( z + 1) = dz dz z = z z +1 + c = + c , como: z = g x , 2 z z +1 z +1 g x2 +c Se tiene: = g x 2 +1 g x2 dx Respuesta: = +c 1 cos x + s e n x g x 2 +1 dx 8.16.-Encontrar: 8 4s e n x + 7 cos x
z ( z + 1) =
dz
1 dz 1 dz dz 2 2 = 1 dz 1 dz = 1 z 1 z + 2 + c = z ( z + 2) z z + 2 2 z 2 z + 2 2 2 g x2 1 z 1 = + c , como: z = g x , se tiene: = +c 2 2 z+2 2 g x2 +2 g x2 sec xdx 1 = +c Respuesta: sec x + 2 gx 1 2 g x2 + 2 dx 8.15.-Encontrar: 1 cos x + s e n x Solucin.- usando las sustituciones recomendadas: 2dz 2dz 2dz dx 1+ z2 1+ z2 = = 1 cos x + s e n x 1 z 2 2 z 1 + z 2 1 + z 2 + 2 z = 2 z 2 + 2 z 1 + 2 2 1+ z2 1+ z 1+ z
()
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194
Solucin.- usando las sustituciones recomendadas:

2dz 2dz dx 1+ z2 1+ z2 = = 8 4s e n x + 7 cos x 8z 1 z 2 8 + 8 z 2 8 z + 7 7 z 2 8 + 7 2 2 1+ z2 1+ z 1+ z 2dz 2dz () = 2 = z 8 z + 15 ( z 3)( z 5) 2 A B , de donde se tiene: = + Ahora bien: ( z 3)( z 5) ( z 3) ( z 5) 2 = A( z 5) + B( z 3) , de donde: A = 1, B = 1 , luego: 2dz dz dz z 5 ( z 3)( z 5) = z 3 + z 5 = z 3 + z 5 + c = z 3 + c , g x2 5 +c como: z = g x , se tiene: = 2 g x2 3 g x2 5 dx = +c Respuesta: 8 4s e n x + 7 cos x g x2 3
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dx 1 + cos x cos xdx 8.20.- 2 cos x 8.23.- sec xdx
8.17.-
om at em
8.19.-
8.18.-
dx 1 cos x d 8.21.- 5 4 cos cos d 8.24.- 5 + 4 cos
s e n xdx 1 + cos x s e n d 8.22.- 2 cos cos 2 d 8.25.- cos + co g
RESPUESTAS
8.17.-
dx 1 + cos x Solucin.2dz 2dz dx 1+ z2 1+ z2 = = 1 + cos x 1 z 2 1 + z 2 + 1 z 2 = dz = z + c = g x 2 + c 1+ 2 1+ z2 1+ z dx 8.18.- 1 cos x Solucin.-
w w
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195
1+ z2 = dx + = x + 4 dz 2 3 z +( 1 )
2
= x + 4
4 3 arc g ( 3 g x ) + c 2 3 d 8.21.- 5 4 cos Solucin.2dz 2dz 2 (1 + z 2 ) 2dz 2 dz d 1+ z = = 5 4 cos 1 z 2 5 + 5 z 2 4 + 4 z 2 = 9 z 2 + 1 = 9 ( z 2 + 1) 5 4 2 1+ z2 1+ z 2 dz 2 1 z 2 2 = 2 = + c = arc g 3z + c = arc g (3 g x ) + c arc g 2 2 1 9 z +(1 ) 9 1 3 3 3 3 3
1 z 4 3 + c = x + arc g arc g 3 z + c 3 1 1 3 3 3
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= dx + 2
2 + 2z 1+ z
at
(1 + z 2 )
= dx + 2
2dz 4 dz = dx + 2 2 3z + 1 3 (z + 1 ) 3
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2dz 2dz 2 2 dz 1 dx 1+ z2 1+ z = = 1 cos x 1 z 2 1 + z 2 1 z 2 = 2 z 2 = z + c = co g x 2 + c 1 2 1+ z2 1+ z s e n xdx 8.19.- 1 + cos x Solucin.4 zdz 2 z 2dz (1 + z 2 ) 2 4 zdz 2 zdz s e n xdx 1 + z 2 1 + z 2 = = = 2 1 + cos x = 2 2 2 2(1 + z ) (1 + z 2 ) 1 z 1+ z +1 z 1+ 2 1+ z 1+ z2 = 1+ z2 + c = 1+ g 2 x + c 2 cos xdx 8.20.- 2 cos x Solucin. 2dz 2 cos xdx 2 dx 1+ z = 1 + dx = dx + 2 = dx + 2 2 cos x 2 cos x 1 z2 2 cos x 2 2 1+ z 2dz
ic
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196
8.22.-
s e n d cos cos 2 Solucin.2
4 zdz 2 z 2dz (1 + z 2 ) 2 s e n d 1 + z 2 1 + z 2 cos2 cos 2 = 1 z 2 2 1 z 2 = (1 z 2 )2 (1 z 2 )(1 + z 2 ) 2(1 + z 2 )2 2 2 2 (1 + z 2 ) 2 1+ z 1+ z 4 zdz 1 2 zdz 1 1 = = 2 = z2 1 + c = g 2 x 1 + c 2 3 2 3 6 z 2 3 (z 1 ) 3 3 3 8.23.- sec xdx
Solucin.2dz
sec xdx =
Ahora bien:
dx 2dz 2dz 1+ z2 = = = () 2 2 1 z cos x (1 z ) (1 + z )(1 z ) 1+ z2
2 A B , de donde: A = 1, B = 1 , luego: = + (1 + z )(1 z ) 1 + z 1 z 2dz dz dz 1+ z () = = 1+ z 1 z + c = +c (1 + z )(1 z ) 1+ z 1 z 1 z 1+ g x 2 +c x , Se tiene: = Como: z = g 2 1 g x 2 cos d 8.24.- 5 + 4 cos Solucin. 1 z 2 2dz 2(1 z 2 )dz 2 2 (2 2 z 2 )dz d (1 + z 2 ) 2 1+ z 1+ z = = = 5 + 4 cos (5 + 5 z 2 + 4 4 z 2 ) (1 + z 2 )(9 + z 2 ) 1 z2 5 + 4 2 (1 + z 2 ) 1+ z
Ahora bien:
2 2z2 Az + B Cz + D , de donde: A = 0, B = 1 , C = 0, D = 5 , = 2 + 2 2 2 2 2 ( z + 1)( z + 9) z +1 z +9
luego: (2 2 z 2 ) 1 dz 5 dz 1 5 z ( z 2 + 1)( z 2 + 9) = 2 z 2 + 1 2 z 2 + 9 = 2 arc gz + 2 arc g 3 + c
g 2 g 2 5 1 5 arc g arc g ( ) + c = arc g ( )+c 2 6 2 3 4 6 3 d 8.25.- cos + co g

= 197
w w
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Solucin.2dz 2dz (1 + z 2 ) d 1+ z2 cos + co g = 1 z 2 1 z 2 = 2 z (1 z 2 ) + (1 z 2 )(1 + z 2 ) + 2 (1 + z 2 )2 z 1 + z 2z 4 zdz 4 zdz 4 zdz = = () 2 2 2 2 2 z (1 z ) + (1 z )(1 + z ) (1 z )( z + 2 z + 1) (1 + z 3 )(1 z ) 4z A B C D Ahora bien: = + + + 3 2 3 (1 + z )(1 z ) 1 + z (1 + z ) (1 + z ) (1 z ) De donde: A = 1 , B = 1, C = 2, D = 1 , luego: 2 2 4z 1 dz dz dz 1 dz () = + 2 + 3 2 3 (1 + z )(1 z ) 2 1 + z (1 + z ) (1 + z ) 2 1 z 1 1 1 1 1 1+ z 1 1 = 1+ z + 1 z + c = + +c 2 2 1 + z (1 + z ) 2 2 1 z 1 + z (1 + z ) 2 =
2
1+ g g 2 1 1 + z (1 + z ) + 1 1 1+ z z 1 2 = + +c = +c = +c 2 1 z (1 + z ) 2 2 1 z (1 + z ) 2 2 1 g (1 + g ) 2 2 2
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198
CAPITULO 9
INTEGRACION DE FUNCONES IRRACIONALES
En el caso de que el integrando contiene potencias faccionarias de la variable de integracin, estas se simplifican usando una sustitucin del tipo: x = t n , n x = t , siendo n el m.c.m de los denominadores de los exponentes.
9.1.-Encontrar:
xdx 1+ x Solucin.- La nica expresin irracional es x = t x = t 2 , dx = 2tdt , luego:
x , por lo tanto:
xdx t (2tdt ) t 2 dt 1 dt = = 2 = 2 1 = 2t 2 arc gt + c dt = 2 dt 2 2 2 2 2 1+ x 1+ t 1+ t t +1 1+ t
Dado que: t = x , se tiene: = 2 x 2 arc g x + c

xdx = 2 x 2 arc g x + c 1+ x dx 9.2.-Encontrar: x (1 + x )
dx 2 t dt 2dt = = 2 t +1 + c = 1+ t t (1 + t ) x (1 + x )
Dado que: t = x , se tiene: = 2 Respuesta:
dx = 2 x +1 + c x (1 + x ) dx 9.3.-Encontrar: 3+ x + 2 Solucin.- La expresin irracional es ahora

2
Solucin.- Anlogamente al caso anterior: x = t x = t 2 , dx = 2tdt , luego:
x +1 + c
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x + 2 , por lo tanto: x+2 +3 +c x+2 +3 +c
x + 2 = t x = t 2, dx = 2tdt , luego: dx 2tdt 3 dt = 2t 6 t + 3 + c 1 dt = 2 dt 6 3 + x + 2 = 3 + t = 2 t +3 t +3
Dado que: t = x + 2 , se tiene: = 2 x + 2 6 Respuesta:

dx = 2 x+2 6 3+ x + 2
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Respuesta:
co
199
1 3x + 2 dx 1 + 3x + 2 Solucin.- La expresin irracional es ahora 3x + 2 , por lo tanto: 3x + 2 = t 3x = t 2 2, dx = 2 tdt , luego: 3 1 3x + 2 1 t 2 2 t t2 2 2 dx = tdt = dt = t + 2 dt 1 + 3x + 2 1 + t 3 3 1+ t 3 t +1 2 4 4 dt 1 4 4 = tdt + dt = t2 + t t +1 + c 3 3 3 t +1 3 3 3 Dado que: t = 3 x + 2 , se tiene: 1 4 4 = (3x + 2) + 3x + 2 3x + 2 + 1 + c 3 3 3 2 4 4 2 4 = x + 3x + 2 3x + 2 + 1 + c = x + 3x + 2 3x + 2 + 1 + c 3 3 3 3 3 1 3x + 2 2 4 Respuesta: dx = x + 3x + 2 3x + 2 + 1 + c 3 3 1 + 3x + 2
9.4.-Encontrar:
9.5.- Encontrar: 1 + x dx
at em
expresin: 1 + t ; se procede anlogamente: w = 1 + t t = w2 1, dt = 2wdw , esto
at
ic
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x = t x = t 2 , dx = 2tdt ,
luego: ( 1 + x )dx = 1 + t 2tdt ,
om
Solucin.- La expresin irracional es ahora
x , por lo tanto:
como
apareci
la
4(1 + t ) 2 4(1 + t ) 2 Dado que: w = 1 + t , se tiene: = +c 5 3 5 3 4(1 + x ) 2 4(1 + x ) 2 Respuesta: 1 + x dx = +c 5 3 dx 9.6.-Encontrar: x +1 + 4 x +1 Solucin.- Previamente se tiene que el m.c.m. de los ndices de Las races es: 4 , por lo cual: x + 1 = t 4 , dx = 4t 3 dt , de donde:
5 3
dx 4t 3 dt t dt = t 1 + 2 dt = 4 tdt 4 dt + 4 x + 1 + 4 x + 1 t 2 + t = 4 t +t t +1 = 2t 2 4t + 4 t + 1 + c , dado que: t = 4 x + 1
Se tiene: = 2( x + 1) 2 4( x + 1) 2 + 4 ( x + 1) 2 + 1 + c
1 1 1
Respuesta:
dx 1 1 1 2 2 2 = 2( x + 1) 4( x + 1) + 4 ( x + 1) +1 + c 4 x +1 + x +1
es: 1 + t 2tdt = w2( w2 1)2 wdw = 4 ( w4 w2 )dw =
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.c
4 w5 4 w3 +c 5 3
200
dx x+3 x Solucin.- Previamente se tiene que el m.c.m. de los ndices de Las races es: 6 , por lo cual: x = t 6 t = 6 x , dx = 6t 5 dt , de donde:
9.7.-Encontrar:
dx 6t 5 dt t 3dt 1 dt 2 2 = = 6 t t +1 dt = 6 t dt 6 tdt + 6 dt 6 x + 3 x t 3 + t 2 t + 1 = 6 t +1 t +1 3 2 = 2t 3t + 6t 6 t + 1 + c
Dado que: t = 6 x Se tiene: = 2( 6 x )3 3( 6 x ) 2 + 6 6 x 6 Respuesta:

6
x +1 + c
x 1 t3 1 5 t8 t5 t 1 dx = 2 6t dt = 6 2 dt = 6 t 6 t 4 t 3 + t 2 + t 1 2 dt t +1 t +1 t +1 x +1
6 6 3 2t 2 = t 7 t 5 t 4 + 2t 3 + 3t 2 6t + c1 3 2 dt 7 5 2 t +1 6 7 6 5 3 4 2 t 2 dt = t t t + 2t 3 + 3t 2 6t + c1 3 2 dt + 6 2 7 5 2 t +1 t +1 6 6 3 = t 7 t 5 t 4 + 2t 3 + 3t 2 6t 3 t 2 + 1 + 6 arc gt + c 7 5 2 Dado que: t = 6 x , se tiene: 6 6 3 = x 6 x 6 x5 3 x 2 + 2 x + 3 3 x 6 6 x 3 1 + 3 x + 6 arc g 6 x + c 7 5 2
9.9.-Encontrar:
x 1 dx x +1 Solucin.- Previamente se tiene que el m.c.m. de los ndices de Las races es: 6 , por lo cual: x = t 6 t = 6 x , dx = 6t 5 dt , de donde:
3
.M
at
em at
Dado que: t = x + 1 , Se tiene: = 2 arc g x + 1 + c dx Respuesta: = 2 arc g x + 1 + c x + 1 + ( x + 1)3
ic
a1
.c
om
dx = 2 x 33 x + 6 6 x 6 6 x +1 + c 3 x+ x dx 9.8.-Encontrar: x + 1 + ( x + 1)3 Solucin.Previamente se tiene igual 2 cual: x + 1 = t x = t 1, dx = 2tdt , de donde: 2tdt dx dt x + 1 + ( x + 1)3 = t + t 3 = 2 1 + t 2 = 2 arc gt + c
ndice
por
lo
201
Respuesta: x 1 6 6 66 5 33 2 3 6 3 6 3 x + 1dx = 7 x x 5 x 2 x + 2 x + 3 x 6 x 3 1 + x + 6 arc g x + c
xdx x+2 Solucin.- La expresin irracional es x = t x = t 2 , dx = 2tdt ,

9.10.-Encontrar: luego:
x , por lo tanto:
xdx t (2tdt ) t 2 dt 2 dt = 2 = 2 2 = 2 1 2 dt = 2 dt 4 2 x+2 t +2 t +2 t +2 t +2 4 t = 2t + c , dado que: t = x , se tiene: = 2 x 2 2 arc g x + c arc g 2 2 2
xdx = 2 x 2 2 arc g x + c 2 x+2 ( x + 1 + 2)dx 9.11.-Encontrar: ( x + 1) 2 x + 1 Solucin.Previamente se tiene 2 cual: x + 1 = t x = t 1, dx = 2tdt , de donde:
Respuesta:
igual
ndice
por
lo
( x + 1) 2 + 2 dx t+2 ( x + 1 + 2)dx (t + 2) t dt ( x + 1)2 x + 1 = ( x + 1)2 ( x + 1) 12 = t 4 t 2tdt = 2 t (t 3 1) (t + 2)dt () , considerando que: = 2 (t 1)(t 2 + t + 1) t+2 A Bt + C = + 2 A = 1, B = 1, C = 1 2 (t 1)(t + t + 1) (t 1) (t + t + 1)
Dado que: t = x + 1 , Se tiene: = 2 arc g x + 1 + c (t + 2)dt dt t 1 dt t +1 () 2 = 2 + 2 2 dt = 2 2 2 dt 2 (t 1)(t + t + 1) (t 1) (t + t + 1) (t 1) (t + t + 1) 1 (2t + 1) + 1 dt dt 2 dt = 2 dt (2t + 1)dt = 2 2 2 2 2 2 (t 1) (t + t + 1) (t 1) (t + t + 1) (t + t + 1) dt dt (2t + 1)dt = 2 2 2 (t 1) (t + t + 1) (t + t + 1 ) + 3 4 4 2 2t + 1 = 2 t 1 t 2 + t +1 +c arc g 3 3
= (t 1) 2 2 2t + 1 arc g +c 2 (t + t + 1) 3 3
Dado que: t = x + 1 , se tiene
.M
at
em at
ic
a1
.c
om
202
Respuesta:
( x + 1 + 2)dx ( x + 1 1) 2 2 2 x +1 +1 arc g = +c 2 ( x + 1) x + 1 ( x + 1 + x + 2) 3 3
9.12.- 9.15.-
1+ x dx 1+ x
9.13.- 9.16.- 9.19.- 9.22.-
1 x dx 1+ x xdx 1+ 4 x 1+ x dx 1 x a2 x2 dx x3
9.14.- 9.17.- 9.20.-
dx a+b x x6 x dx 3 x +1
x+a dx x+a dx dx 9.18.- x2 x
9.21.- 9.24.-
x +1 dx x dx x + 4 x + 28 x
x+a dx x+b 9.23.- x 2 x + adx
9.25.- x 3 x 2 + a 2 dx
RESPUESTAS
1+ x dx 1+ x Solucin.- Sea: x = t x = t 2 , dx = 2tdt
1+ x 1+ t2 t + t3 2 2 dx = 2 tdt = 2 t t + 2 dt 1+ x 1+ t 1 + t dt = 2 t +1 dt 2t 3 2 t 2 + 4t 4 t + 1 + c = 2 t 2 dt 2 tdt + 4 dt 4 = t +1 3 2 2 x3 x + 4 x 4 x +1 + c 3 1 x 9.13.- dx 1+ x Solucin.- Sea: x = t x = t 2 , dx = 2tdt = 1 x 1 t t t2 dt 2 1 + x dx = 1 + t 2tdt = 2 1 + t dt = 2 tdt + 4 dt 4 t + 1 = t + 4t 4 t + 1 + c = x + 4 x 4 x +1 + c dx a+b x Solucin.- Sea: x = t x = t 2 , dx = 2tdt
9.14.-
w w
w .M
at
em
at
ic
a1
9.12.-
.c o
203
2tdt tdt 2 2a bdt 1 a 1 = 2 = 2 dt = dt 2 a + bt a + bt b b a + bt x b b a + bt 2 2a 2 2a = t 2 a + bt + c = x 2 a+b x +c b b b b x+a 9.15.- dx x+a Solucin.- Sea: x + a = t x = t 2 a, dx = 2tdt
a+b
dx
x+a t 2 t dt = 2 dt = 2t + c = 2 x + a + c dx = x+a t2
xdx 1+ 4 x Solucin.- m.c.m: 4 ; Sea: 4 x = t x = t 4 , dx = 4t 3 dt
9.16.-
xdx t 2 4t 3 dt t 5 dt 1 4 3 2 = = 4 t t + t t +1 dt 1+ 4 x 1+ t 1 + t = 4 t +1 t5 t4 t3 t2 4t 5 4 4t 3 = 4 + + t t +1 + c = t + 2t 2 + 4t 4 t + 1 5 4 3 2 5 3 4x 4 4x 4 1 1 1 = x+ 2x 2 + 4x 4 4 x 4 + 1 5 3 6 x x 9.17.- 3 dx x +1 Solucin.- m.c.m: 6 ; Sea: 6 x = t x = t 6 , dx = 6t 5 dt

5 3
x6 x t3 t 5 (t 8 t 6 )dt dt 6 4 2 dx = 6 t dt = 6 3 x +1 t2 +1 t 2 + 1 = 6 t dt 2 t dt + 2 t dt 2 dt + 2 1 + t 2 t 7 2t 5 2t 3 6t 7 12t 5 = 6 + 2t + 2 arc gt + c = + 4t 3 12t + 12 arc gt + c 5 3 7 5 7

1 1 6 x 6 12 x 2 1 = + 4 x 2 12 x 6 + 12 arc gx 6 + c 7 5 dx 9.18.- dx x2 x Solucin.- Sea: x = t x = t 2 , dx = 2tdt dx 2tdt (2t 1) + 1 2t 1 dt x 2 x dx = t 2 2 t = t 2 t 2 dt = t 2 t 2dt + t 2 t 2 t3 dt 2t 1 1 2 2 +c dt + = 2 = t t 2 + t t 2 (t 1 ) 2 9 2 3 t+3 2 4 2 2 7 5
w .M
at
em
at
ic
a1
.c
om
204
= t2 t 2 +
9.19.-
1 2t 3 1 2 x 3 +c = x x 2 + +c 3 2t + 3 3 2 x +3
1+ x dx 1 x Solucin.- Notar el lector, que este caso se diferencia de los anteriores, sin embargo la tcnica que se seguir, tiene la misma fundamentacin y la informacin que se consiga es valiosa. ()
Sea:
1+ x 1+ x 2 =t = t 1 + x = t 2 t 2 x x(1 + t 2 ) = t 2 1 1 x 1 x 2 t 1 4tdt , luego: x= 2 dx = 2 t +1 (t + 1) 2
1+ x 4t 2 dt t 4tdt t 2 dt 1 x dx = (t 2 + 1)2 = (t 2 + 1)2 = 4 ( t 2 + 1)4 () , haciendo uso sustituciones trigonomtricas convenientes en () , y de la figura se tiene:
()
de
t2 + 1
= 4 s e n 2 d = 2 d 2 cos 2 d = 2 s e n 2 + c = 2 2s e n cos + c
1+ x 1 2t 1+ x t = 2 arc gt 2 + c = 2 arc gt 2 + c = 2 arc g 1 x + c 2 2 1 x 1+ x +1 t +1 t +1 t +1 1 x 1+ x 1+ x = 2 arc g (1 x) +c 1 x 1 x 2
9.20.-
x+a dx x+b Solucin.- Sea: x + a = t x = t 2 a, dx = 2tdt x+a t 2tdt t 2 dt ba dx = = 2 1 2 dt x+b t 2 a + b t 2 + (b a) = 2 t + (b a) dt 1 t = 2 dt 2(b a ) 2 = 2t 2(b a) +c arc g t + (b a ) ba ba
() 4
( t 2 + 1) 4
.M
t 2 dt
4 g 2 sec 2 d g 2 = 4 sec2 d sec 4
at
em
at ic
Se tiene: t = g , dt = sec d ; t + 1 = sec

2 2
a1 .c om
205
= 2 x + a 2 b a arc g
x+a +c ba
9.21.-
3
x +1 dx x Solucin.- Sea: 3 x + 1 = t x = t 3 1, dx = 3t 2 dt
3
x +1 t 3t 2 dt t 3 dt 1 dt = = dx 3 1 + 3 dt = 3 dt + 3 3 x t 3 1 t 3 1 = 3 t 1 t 1 dt = 3 dt + 3 () , por fracciones parciales: (t 1)(t 2 + t + 1) 3 A Bt + C = + 2 3 = A(t 2 + t + 1) + ( Bt + C )(t 1) , de donde: 2 (t 1)(t + t + 1) (t 1) (t + t + 1) A = 1, B = 1, C = 2 , luego:
() = 3 dt +
9.22.-
dt t+2 2t + 1 2 dt = 3t + t 1 1 t 2 + t + 1 3 arc g +c 2 t 1 t + t +1 3
a2 x2 dx x3
Solucin.- Sea: a 2 x 2 = t x 2 = a 2 t 2 , xdx = tdt

a2 x2 a 2 x 2 xdx ttdt t 2 dt t 2 dt = 2 2 2 = 2 2 2 = () x3 dx = x4 (a t ) (a t ) (a + t )2 (a t )2 Por fracciones parciales: t 2 A B C D = + + + , de donde: 2 2 2 (t + a ) (t a) (t + a ) (t + a) (t a) (t a) 2 A = 1 a, B = 1 , C = 1 a, D = 1 , luego: 4 4 4 4 2 t dt 1 dt 1 dt 1 dt 1 dt () = 2 2 2 (a + t ) (a t ) 4a (t + a ) 4a (t + a ) 4a (t a) 4a (t a ) 2 1 1 1 1 = (t + a) + (t a) + +c 4a 4(t + a ) 4a 4(t a) = = = 1 (t + a ) 1 1 + + +c 4a (t a) 4(t + a) 4(t a) 1 4a a2 x2 + a a2 x2 a + a2 x2 2( a 2 x 2 a 2 ) +c = 1 4a a2 x2 + a a2 x2 a a2 x2 +c 2 x2
1 ( a 2 x 2 + a)2 a2 x2 1 +c = 2 2 2 2 4a 2x 2a a x a
w .M
at
em at
ic
a1
.c
om
a2 x2 + a
1 a2 x2 x +c 2a 2 x2
9.23.- x 2 x + adx Solucin.- Sea: x + a = t x = t 2 a, dx = 2tdt
206
x + adx = (t 2 a) 2 t 2tdt = 2 t 2 (t 2 a) 2 dt = 2 (t 6 2at 4 + a 2t 2 )dt
2t 7 4at 5 2a 2t 3 + +c 7 5 3 7 5 3 2( x + a ) 2 4a ( x + a) 2 2a 2 ( x + a) 2 = + +c 7 5 3 dx 9.24.- x + 4 x + 28 x Solucin.- Sea: 8 x = t x = t 8 , dx = 8t 7 dt = 2 t 6 dt 4a t 4 dt + 2a 2 t 2 dt =
3 dx 8t 7 dt t 6 dt t 2 + 4t + 4 = 4 2 = 8 3 = 8 t t 2 + 3 dt t +t +2 t +t +2 x + 4 x + 2 8 x t + t + 2t
3
t 2 + 4t + 4 t 4 8t 2 t 2 + 4t + 4 = 8 t 8 tdt 16 dt + 8 3 dt = 8 16t + 8 3 dt t +t +2 4 2 t +t +2 t 2 + 4t + 4 = 2t 4 4t 2 16t + 8 3 dt () , por fracciones parciales: t +t +2 t 2 + 4t + 4 t 2 + 4t + 4 A Bt + C = = + 2 A = 1 , B = 3 , C = 14 , luego: 3 2 4 4 4 (t + t + 2) (t + 1)(t t + 2) (t + 1) (t t + 2) 3 t + 14 1 dt 4 dt () = 2t 4 4t 2 16t + 8 4 + 4 t2 t + 2 t +1 1 dt 1 3 t + 14 dt 3t + 14 = 2t 4 4t 2 16t + 8 + 2 dt = 2t 4 4t 2 16t + 2 + 2 2 dt t +1 t t + 2 4 t +1 4 t t + 2 28 31 31 3 2t + 3 3 + 3 4 2 dt = 2t 4t 16t + 2 t + 1 + 2 t2 t + 2 2 (2t 1) dt dt + 31 2 = 2t 4 4t 2 16t + 2 t + 1 + 3 2 t t + 2 t t + 2 dt = 2t 4 4t 2 16t + 2 t + 1 + 3 t 2 t + 2 + 31 1 (t ) 2 + 7 2 4 1 t 2 2 +c arc g = 2t 4 4t 2 16t + 2 t + 1 + 3 t 2 t + 2 + 31 7 7 2 62 2t 1 = 2t 4 4t 2 16t + 2 t + 1 + 3 t 2 t + 2 + +c arc g 7 7 1 1 1 1 62 2x 8 1 1 1 1 8 8 8 2 4 4 = 2 x 4 x 16 x + 2 x + 1 + 3 x x + 2 + arc g +c 7 7
9.25.- x3 x 2 + a 2 dx Solucin.- Sea: x 2 + a 2 = t x 2 = t 2 a 2 , xdx = tdt
w .M
at
em at
ic
a1
.c
om
207
x 2 + a 2 dx = x 2 x 2 + a 2 xdx = (t 2 a 2 )ttdt = (t 2 a 2 )t 2 dt = (t 4 a 2t 2 )dt

5 3
2 2 t 5 a 2t 3 ( x2 + a2 ) 2 a2 ( x2 + a2 ) 2 a2 3 x + a = +c = + c = ( x2 + a2 ) 2 +c 5 3 5 3 3 5 2 2 3 3 x 2a = ( x2 + a2 ) 2 +c 15
EJERCICIOS COMPLEMENTARIOS
A continuacin, se adjunta un listado de ejercicios que se proponen al lector. Observar que no se indica tcnica alguna solicitada para el desarrollo de los mismos, y que adems no se han respetado normas relativas a niveles de dificultad, ni a las tcnicas mismas. Como siempre, se adjuntaran las soluciones cuyos desarrollos pueden diferir de los aqu presentados. No importa, eso es posible; adems una consulta con su profesor aclarar cualquier discrepancia. Encontrar: 4 1.- t 3es e n t cos t 4 dt 4.- e g 3 sec 2 3 d
dx (2 x) 1 x (t + 1)dt 10.- 2 t + 2t 5
ic a1 .
7.-
.M
at em
5.-
xdx ax + b
co m
2.-
d (1 + ) 2
3.- 6.-
e d (1 + ) 2
8.- e 2 x dx 11.- sec

d 2 14.- sec 2 d
x2 1 x +1 e x dx 9.- x ae b 12.- g d
a b 2 16.- sec (1 x)dx dx x+4 x+3 1 22.- t (1 t 2 ) 2 arcs e n tdt
13.-
sen
at
15.- 18.-
dx 5x
dy 1+ 1+ y
1
17.-
xdx
16 x
19.-
20.- cos ec d
21.- t (1 t 2 ) 2 dt 24.- 27.- 30.-

x2 + 1 dx x3 x (3 x + 4)dx 2x + x2 xdx 1+ x
25.- 28.-
e x dx 9e ds
2x
1 + cos 2 x dx s e n2 2x dx 26.- ( x 1)3

23.- 29.-
dx x2 x2 + e
4 s2
208
31.- 34.- 37.-
y 2 dy y +1 t t + 4t 2t + 1 dt t3 +1 dx
4 3 2
32.- 35.- 38.- 41.-
y 3 dy y 1
2
33.-
d 1 + 2 cos
d e x3 dx x2 + 4 dx ( 6 x 2 )3
36.- x(10 + 8 x 2 )9 dx 39.-

x3 dx
(16 + x 2 )3
1
40.- a ( x 2 + 1) 2 dy 43.- 46.- 49.-

ex dx 16 + e 2 x 2 y 5 7 y 4 + 7 y 3 19 y 2 + 7 y 6 dy ( y 1) 2 ( y 2 + 1) 2
16 x 2 dx 42.- x(3 + x) x3 dx x 1 9x2 + 7 x 6 48.- dx x3 x
44.- cos 1 xdx
45.-
47.- s e n x + 1dx
3dx 1 + 2x
x (1 + x 2 ) dx 1 + x2 dx 61.- cos 2 5 x 64.- g 4 sec 2 4 d
a1 .
co
5w3 5w2 + 2 w 1 dw w4 + w2 2 xe 2 x 52.- dx 2 s e n xesec x 55.- dx cos 2 x
50.-
53.- e 2t cos(et )dt
(1 x) 2 dx x 3 54.- x ( x 2 4)3 dx
51.-
at
em
58.-
59.-
co gxdx sen x
56.-
ds s 13 (1 + s 2 3 )
1 1 z2 57.- 3 2 dz z z
10
60.-
ax 2 bx + c dx ax 2 + bx c
at
ic
67.- (1 + x) cos xdx 70.- co g (2 x 4)dx 73.- (co ge x )e x dx 76.- x co g ( x

2
dx 12 7 x xdx 65.- x5 dx 68.- x( 1 + x 1)
62.-
63.- g16 xdx

dt 7 2t 2 dx 69.- co g 6 x ( x + 1)dx 72.- ( x + 2) 2 ( x + 3) arc gxdx 75.- 3 (1 + x 2 ) 2
.M
66.-
7t 2
71.- (et e 2t ) 2 dt 74.-

s e n + d cos + 1
)dx
77.- x 4 x 2 2dx
78.-
79.- x 2 s e n 5 x3 cos x 3dx 82.- s e n 2 es e n d

2
5x2 + 7 dx 83.- x e 9e x
80.-
xdx
( x 2 + 9) 2 dx x4 x3 dx 81.- 2 x x6 dw 84.- 1 + cos w

1
209
85.- e (cos x s e n x )dx 2 2 2 88.- (sec + g ) d

3
1 s e n 2 x 2 3
86.-
x3 dx
19 x 2 dt 89.- 1 t (4 + 2t ) 2
87.-
s e n d 1 cos 2
90.- a b 2 c3 d 93.-
dx
91.- s e n 2 cos3 d
1
94.- (e 2 s 1)(e 2 s + 1)ds 97.- (arcs e n 1 x 2 )0 dx 100.-

d a s e n + b 2 cos 2
2 2
sec 2 d 9 + g 2 dx 95.- 2 5x + 8x + 5 3dy 98.- 1+ y tdt 101.- 1 (2t + 1) 2
92.-
e 2 x 16 x3 + 1 dx 96.- 3 x x 1 99.- x(1 + x) 5 dx
102.-
s s ds (1 s 2 )
1 2
103.- (2 cos s e n s e n 2 )d 106.-

( + s e n 3 )d 3 2 2 cos 3
104.- t 4 2tdt
( y 2 + 1)dy 107.- 1 y 2 ( y + 1)
1
105.- u 2 (1 + v) dx 108.-
ds 1 s ( s 4) 2
3 2
11
109.- u (1 + u 2 ) 2 du
x 2x 8 x + 7 x2 5x + 5 115.- dx x2 + 2x 3 xdx 118.- 2 x + 4x + 5
2 3
110.-
at
ic
112.-
a1
dx
113.-
( x3 + x 2 )dx x2 + x 2 ( x + 1)dx 2x x
1+ x + x 2
2
111- adb 114.- f ( x) f ( x)dx 117.-

( x 1)dx
em
w .M
116.- e 119.-
.c o
at
dx
4dx x + 4x
3
x2 4x + 3 co gxdx 120.- sen x
121.- exp x 1dx 124.-

s e n xdx 1 + s e n x + cos x (1 + s e n x)dx 127.- s e n x(2 + cos x)
w w
1 + x3 dx x dx 125.- 3 + 2 cos x dx 128.- 4 x +4
122.-
123.- 126.-
x 1 1 dx x +1 x xdx x2 2 x + 5
RESPUESTAS
1.- t 3es e n t cos t 4 dt
4
Solucin.- Sea: u = s e n t 4 , du = (cos t 4 )4t 3 dt ; luego: 1 1 u 1 u 1 s e n t4 3 sen t4 4 3 s e n t4 4 t e cos t dt = 4 4t e cos t dt = 4 e du = 4 e + c = 4 e + c
210
2.-
d (1 + ) 2
Solucin.Ad Bd d (1 + )2 = 1 + + (1 + )2 () A B = + = A(1 + ) + B = A + ( A + B ) , de donde: 2 (1 + ) 1 + (1 + ) 2 d d d 1 A = 1, B = 1 , entonces: () = = 1+ + +c 2 2 (1 + ) 1+ (1 + ) 1+ 3.-
e d (1 + ) 2
Solucin.Sea:
u=e dv =
d (1 + ) 2
1 1+
du = e d
v = 1+ +
e d = e 1 + e 1 + d , esto es: 1+ e () = e 1 + + e 1 + d e 1 + + e 1 + d 1+ e = 1+ 4.- e g 3 sec 2 3 d
Luego:
Solucin.- Sea: u = g 3 , du = 3sec 2 3 d

1 u 1 u e g 3 e sec 3 d = 3 e du = 3 e + c = 3 + c xdx 5.- 3 ax + b t3 b 3t 2 Solucin.- Sea: ax + b = t 3 x = , dx = dt a a
g 3
2
e d e 1 = + + ( 1+ + e 1 ) e d (1 + )2 1+ 1+ e e d = e 1 + + e 1 + d () , resolviendo por partes la segunda 1+ 1+ d dv = u = e 1+ integral se tiene: du = e d v = 1+
.M
at
em
at ic
a1 .
co m
211

= =
t 3 b 3t 2 dt a a xdx 3t (t 3 b) 3 3 t 5 bt 2 4 = = dt = ( t bt ) dt = +c t a2 a2 a2 5 2 ax + b
5 2
3t 5 3bt 2 3(ax + b) 3 3b(ax + b) 3 2 +c = +c 2 5a 2a 5a 2 2a 2 3(ax + b) 3 (ax + b) 2 3b 3 (ax + b) 2 +c 5a 2 2a 2
6.-
x2 1 dx x +1 Solucin.-
x2 1 dx = x +1
( x + 1) ( x 1) x +1
= ( x 1) 2 dx =
1
( x 1) 2 2( x 1) 2 +c = +c 3 3 2
3 3
e x dx ae x b Solucin.- Sea: u = ae x b, du = ae x dx
9.-
e x dx 1 du 1 1 x ae x b = a u = a u + c = a ae b + c (t + 1)dt 10.- 2 t + 2t 5 Solucin.- Sea: u = t 2 + 2t 5, du = 2(t + 1)dt (t + 1)dt 1 du 1 1 2 t 2 + 2t 5 = 2 u = 2 u + c = 2 t + 2t 5 + c

11.- sec
Solucin.- Sea: u = sec
+ g
1 , du = (sec g + sec 2 )d 2 2 2 2 2
2 x
dx = eu du = eu + c = e 2 x + c
w .M
8.- e 2 x dx
Solucin.- Sea: u = 2 x, du = dx
at
em at
2( x 1) x 1 +c 3 dx 7.- (2 x) 1 x Solucin.- Sea: 1 x = t 2 x = 1 t 2 , dx = 2tdt dx 2tdt dt (2 x) 1 x = 2 (1 t 2 ) t = 2 1 + t 2 = 2 arc gt + c = 2 arc g 1 x + c
ic
a1
.c
om
212
sec (sec + g ) sec2 + sec g 2 2 2 2 2 2 d d = sec 2 d = sec + g sec + g 2 2 2 2 du = 2 = 2 u + c = 2 sec + g + c 2 2 u 12.- g d
Solucin.- Sea: u = cos , du = s e n d s e n du 1 g d = cos d = u = u + c = cos + c = s ec + c
= 1 + s ec + c = s ec + c
13.-
a Solucin.u=
Sea:
sen
integral se tiene:
.M
u = du = d
v = bsen
a 2b () = 2 cos + b s e n b s e n d b b a b b a 2b 2 2b3 cos + c sen + = 2 cos + b b a b a b 2 14.- sec d

Solucin.u = Sea: du = d
2
dv = sec 2 d v = g
Solucin.- Sea: u = x, du = dx
sec d = g g d = g dx 15.- 5
x
dx 5u 5 x 1 x u 5 dx 5 du c = = = + = +c = x +c 5x 5 5 5 5
at em
dv = cos d b
sec + c
at
ic
a1
b a 2 2b a s e n b d = b cos b + a cos b d () , resolviendo por partes la segunda
a 2 d du = a
dv = s e n
v = b cos
.c
om
213
16.- sec 2 (1 x)dx

2
Solucin.- Sea: u = 1 x, du = dx
sec (1 x)dx = sec

17.-
udu = gu + c = g (1 x) + c
xdx
16 x 4 Solucin.- Sea: u = x 2 , du = 2 xdx xdx xdx du u 1 2 xdx 1 1 16 x4 = 42 ( x 2 )2 = 2 42 ( x2 )2 = 2 42 u 2 = 2 arcs e n 4 + c

1 x2 = arcs e n + c 2 4 dy 18.- 1+ 1+ y
2 2 2 2 2 Solucin.- Sea: t = 1 + (1 + y ) t = 1 + (1 + y ) t 1 = (1 + y ) (t 2 1) 2 = 1 + y y = (t 2 1) 2 1, dy = 4t (t 2 1)dt 1 1
dy 1+ 1+ y
1+ 1+ y 4 1 1 + y ( 1 + y 2) + c = 4 1 1+ y ( 1) + c = 3 3 dx 19.- x+4 x+3 Solucin.1 1 dx ( x + 4) 2 + ( x + 3) 2 1 1 2 2 = x + 4 x + 3 ( x + 4) ( x + 3) dx = ( x + 4) + ( x + 3) dx 2 ( x + 4)3 2 ( x + 3)3 ( x + 4) 2 ( x + 3) 2 ( x + 4) + ( x + 3) = 3 + 3 + c = 3 + 3 + c 2 2 2 ( x + 4)3 + ( x + 3)3 + c = 3 20.- cos ec d
3 3 1 2 1 2
Solucin.- Sea: u = cos ec + co g , du = (cos ec co g + cos ec 2 )d
cos ec d =
=
cos ec (cos ec + co g )d cos ec 2 + cos ec co g d = cos ec + co g cos ec + co g
du = u + c = (cos ec + co g ) + c u 1 21.- t (1 t 2 ) 2 dt
Solucin.- Sea: u = 1 t 2 , du = 2tdt
w .M
at
em
at
ic
a1 .
co m
4 t (t 2 1)dt t3 t2 = 4 (t 2 1)dt = 4( t ) + c = 4t ( 1) + c 3 3 t
214
2 t (1 t ) 2 dt =
1
1 12 1 u2 1 3 1 3 u du = + c = u 2 + c = (1 t 2 ) 2 + c 3 2 3 3 2 2
22.- t (1 t 2 ) 2 arcs e n tdt

1
Solucin.u = arcs e n t
dv = t (1 t 2 ) 2 dt dt Sea: 3 1 du = v = (1 t 2 ) 2 2 1 t 3 1 1 1 2 2 3 2 2 t (1 t ) 2 arcs e n tdt = 3 (1 t ) 2 arcs e n t + 3 (1 t ) 1 t

1 3 3
dt 1 t2
(1 t 2 ) 2 1 (1 t 2 ) 2 1 t3 = arcs e n t + (1 t 2 )dt = arcs e n t + (t ) + c 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 3 t = (1 t 2 ) 2 arcs e n t t + + c 3 3
1 + cos 2 x dx s e n2 2x Solucin.1 + cos 2 x 1 + cos 2 x dx dx 1 dx s e n 2 2 x dx = 1 cos2 x dx = 1 cos 2 x = 1 cos 2 x = 2 s e n 2 x 2 2 1 1 = cos ec 2 xdx = co gx + c 2 2 2 x +1 dx 24.- 3 x x Solucin.x2 + 1 ( x 2 + 1)dx ( x 2 + 1)dx Adx Bdx Cdx dx = = x3 x x( x2 1) x( x + 1)( x 1) = x + ( x + 1) + ( x 1) ()
23.-
( x 2 + 1) A B C = + + ( x 2 + 1) = A( x 2 1) + Bx( x 1) + Cx( x + 1) x( x + 1)( x 1) x ( x + 1) ( x 1) x = 0 1 = A A = 1 De donde: x = 1 2 = B(1)(2) B = 1 x = 1 2 = C (1)(2) C = 1 Entonces: ( x 2 + 1)dx dx dx dx () = + + = x + x +1 + x 1 + c ( x + 1) ( x 1) x( x + 1)( x 1) x = x2 1 +c x
w .M
at
em
at
ic
a1 .
co m
215
9 e2 x Solucin.- Sea: u = e x , du = e x dx = = 9 e2 x 32 (e x ) 2 dx 26.- ( x 1)3 Solucin.dx ( x 1) 2 1 3 = ( 1) = +c = +c x dx ( x 1)3 2 ( x 1) 2 (3x + 4)dx 27.- 2x + x2 Solucin.- Sea: u = 2 x + x 2 , du = 2(1 + x)dx (3 x + 4)dx (3x + 3) + 1 ( x + 1)dx dx 3 du dx 2 x + x2 = 2 x + x2 dx = 3 2 x + x 2 + 2 x + x 2 = 2 u 12 + 2 x + x2 1 dx dx dx 3 du 3 u2 = 1 + = + = 3 2 x + x2 + 2 2 2 2 u ( x + 2 x + 1) 1 2 1 ( x + 1) 1 ( x + 1) 2 1 2 sec g
25.-
e x dx
e x dx
e x dx
u ex = arcs e n + c = arcs e n + c 3 3 32 u 2 du
28.-
ds
4 s2
= dx x2 x2 + e 2 cos d = d = = arcs e n s + c 2 2 cos
Solucin.- Sea: s = 2s e n , ds = 2 cos d , 4 s 2 = 2 cos
ds 4s
2
29.-
Solucin.- Sea: x = e g , dx = e sec 2 d , x 2 + e = e sec 1 d e sec 2 d 1 sec d 1 cos dx 1 cos x2 x 2 + e = e g 2 e sec = e g 2 = e s e n 2 = e s e n 2 () cos 2 Sea: u = s e n , du = cos d , luego:
= 3 2x + x2 + x + 1 + 2 x + x2 + c
w .M
at
= 3 2 x + x2 +
d = 3 2 x + x 2 + sec d = 3 2 x + x 2 + sec + g + c
em
at
ic
a1 .
Sustituyendo por: x + 1 = sec , dx = sec g d , ( x + 1) 2 1 = g
co m
216
() =
1 du 1 2 1 u 1 1 1 u du = = +c = +c = +c = 2 e u e e 1 eu e s e n e
1 x x2 + e
+c
x2 + e = +c ex xdx 30.- 1+ x Solucin.- Sea: x + 1 = t 2 x = t 2 1, dx = 2tdt xdx (t 2 1)2 t dt t3 t2 2 = = 2 ( t 1) dt = 2( t ) + c = 2 t ( 1) + c 1+ x 3 3 t x +1 x2 )+c = 2 x + 1( 1) + c = 2 x + 1( 3 3 y 2 dy 31.- y +1

Solucin.- Sea: y + 1 = t 2 y = t 2 1, dy = 2tdt
3 y2 4 y + 8 = 2 y +1 +c 15 3 y dy 32.- y2 1
Solucin.- Sea: u = y 2 1 y 2 = u + 1, dy = 2 ydy
3 1 u2 1 (u + 1)du 1 1 u2 1 1 2 2 y 2 1 = y 2 1 = 2 u 12 = 2 (u + u )du = 2 3 + 1 + c 2 2 3 2 2 y 1 y +2 u2 1 1 = + u 2 + c = u 2 ( 1 u + 1) + c = y 2 1 + 1 + c = y 2 1 +c 3 3 3 3 d 33.- 1 + 2 cos 2dz 1 z2 , cos = , = 2 arc gz Solucin.- Sea: d = 1+ z2 1+ z2 y 3 dy y 2 ydy
w .M
t 5 2t 3 y 2 dy (t 2 1) 2 2 t dt 2 2 4 2 = 2 (t 1) dt = 2 (t 2t + 1)dt = 2 +t+c y +1 = 3 t 5 4 2 4 2 ( y + 1) 2( y + 1) t 2t = 2t + 1 + c = 2 y + 1 + 1 + c 3 5 3 5 2 2 ( y + 1) 2 y + 2 y + 2 y +1 2 y + 2 = 2 y +1 + 1 + c = 2 y + 1 + 1 + c 3 5 3 5
at
em
at
ic
a1 .
co m
217
2dz 2dz 2dz 2dz 1+ z2 = = = 2 2 2 2 2 2(1 z ) 1 + z + 2(1 z ) 1 + z + 2 2z 3 z2 1+ 1+ z2 2dz dz dz 1 z 3 = = 2 2 = 2 2 =2 +c 2 2 3 z z 3 z ( 3) z+ 3 2 3 d 1 + 2 cos =
g 2 3 1 = +c 3 g 2 + 3 t 4 t 3 + 4t 2 2t + 1 dt 34.- t3 +1 Solucin. t 4 t 3 + 4t 2 2t + 1 3t 2 t + 1 3t 2 t + 1 = + = + dt t 1 dt tdt dt t 3 + t dt t3 +1 t3 + t

= t2 3t 2 t + 1 t + 3 dt () 2 t +t 3t 2 t + 1 A Bt + C = + 2 3t 2 t + 1 = A(t 2 + 1) + ( Bt + C )t t (t 2 + 1) t (t + 1)
t = 0 1= A A =1 t =1 3 = 2A + B + C B + C = 1 De donde: B = 2, C = 1 t = 1 5 = 2 A (C B) B C = 3 2 t Adt Bt + C t2 dt 2t 1 () = t + + 2 dt = t + + 2 dt 2 t t +1 2 t t +1 t2 2tdt dt t2 = t + t + 2 2 = t + t + t 2 + 1 arc gt + c 2 t +1 t +1 2 2 t = t + t (t 2 + 1) arc gt + c 2 d 35.- e Solucin.d e = d = + c

36.- x(10 + 8 x 2 )9 dx Solucin.- Sea: u = 10 + 8 x 2 , du = 16 xdx
2 9 x(10 + 8x ) dx =
1 1 1 u10 u10 2 9 9 16 (10 8 ) x + x dx = u ddu = + c = +c 16 16 16 10 160
(10 + 8 x 2 )10 +c 160 218
w .M
at
em
at
ic
a1 .
co m
37.-
dx (16 + x 2 )3 dx 4sec 2 d 1 d 1 1 x = = cos d = s e n + c = +c 3 3 16 sec 16 16 4 sec 16 16 + x 2
Solucin.- Sea: x = 4 g , dx = 4sec 2 d
(16 + x 2 )3 x3 dx
x2 + 4 Solucin.- Sea: u = x 2 + 4 x 2 = u 4, du = 2 xdx x2 + 4 x2 + 4 3 3 1 1 u 2 2u 2 u2 u x2 + 4 1 1 = +c = 4u 2 + c = u 2 ( 4) + c = x 2 + 4( 4) + c 1 3 3 3 2 3 2 2 = x 2 + 4(

39.-
38.-
x3 dx
x 2 xdx
1 (u 4)du 1 1 1 1 1 1 = (u 2 4u 2 )du = u 2 du 2 u 2 du 1 2 2 2 2 u
x2 8 )+c 3 x3 dx
16 x 2 16 x 2 3 3 1 u2 uu u 1 16u 2 1 u 2 1 1 2 = 16u + + c = 16u 2 + + c = u (16 + ) + c = + 3 3 3 2 1 2 3 2 2 16 x 2 32 + x 2 ) + c = 16 x 2 ( )+c 3 3 1 40.- a ( x 2 + 1) 2 dy = 16 x 2 (16 +

Solucin.1 1 1 2 2 2 a( x + 1) 2 dy = a( x + 1) 2 dy = a( x + 1) 2 y + c 41.-
dx ( 6 x 2 )3 6 cos d 1 d x 1 1 1 = = sec 2 d = g + c = +c 2 3 3 6 6 6 x2 ( 6) cos 6 cos 6
Solucin.- Sea: x = 6 s e n , dx = 6 cos d , 6 x 2 = 6 cos
6 x ) dx 42.- x(3 + x)
2 3
dx
w .M
at
em
at
ic
x3 dx
x 2 xdx
1 (16 u )du 1 1 1 = (16u 2 u 2 )du 1 2 2 u2
a1 .
co m
16 x 2 Solucin.- Sea: u = 16 x 2 x 2 = 16 u, du = 2 xdx
219
Solucin.- Sea: u = 3 + x, du =
dx x
x(3 +
43.-
dx
x)
du = u + c = 3+ x + c u
ex dx 16 + e 2 x Solucin.- Sea: u = e x , du = e x dx ex du 1 u 1 ex dx arc arc = = g + c = g +c 16 + e2 x 42 + u 2 4 4 4 4 44.- cos 1 xdx

Solucin.- Sea: 1 x = t 2 x = 1 t 2 , dx = 2tdt
Sea:
dv = cos tdt v = sent () = 2 t s e n t s e n tdt = 2t s e n t + 2 s e n tdt = 2t s e n t 2 cos t + c
cos
1 xdx = 2 cos tdt () , integrando por partes se tiene: u =t du = dt
x3 dx (t 2 + 1)3 2 t dt 2t 7 6t 5 6 4 2 = = 2 ( t + 3 t + 3 t + 1) dt = + + 2t 3 + 2t + c x 1 7 5 t 6 4 3 2 2( x 1) 6( x 1) 2t 6t = t( + + 2t 2 + 2) + c = x 1 + + 2( x 1) + 2 + c 7 5 5 7 ( x 1)3 3( x 1) 2 = 2 x 1 + + x + c 5 7 5 4 3 2 2 y 7 y + 7 y 19 y + 7 y 6 dy 46.- ( y 1) 2 ( y 2 + 1) 2 Solucin.2 y 5 7 y 4 + 7 y 3 19 y 2 + 7 y 6 dy () ( y 1) 2 ( y 2 + 1) 2 2 y 5 7 y 4 + 7 y 3 19 y 2 + 7 y 6 A B Cy + D Ey + F = + + 2 + 2 2 2 2 ( y 1) ( y + 1) y 1 ( y 1) ( y + 1) ( y 2 + 1) 2 2 y 5 7 y 4 + 7 y 3 19 y 2 + 7 y 6 = A( y 1)( y 2 + 1) 2 + B( y 2 + 1) 2 + (Cy + D)( y 1) 2 ( y 2 + 1) + ( Ey + F )( y 1) 2 , luego: 2 y 5 7 y 4 + 7 y 3 19 y 2 + 7 y 6 = ( A + C ) y 5 + ( A + B 2C + D) y 4 + (2 A + 2C 2 D + E ) y 3 + (2 A + 2 B 2C + 2 D 2 E + F ) y 2
w .M
at
em
at
ic
= 2 1 x s e n 1 x 2 cos 1 x + c x3 dx 45.- x 1 Solucin.- Sea: x 1 = t 2 x = t 2 + 1, dx = 2tdt
a1 .
co m
220
+ ( A + C 2 D + E 2 F ) y + ( A + B + D + F ) , Igualando coeficientes se tiene: +C = 2 A = 7 A + B 2C + D 2A +2C 2 D + E = 7 A = 1, B = 4, C = 1 +2 B 2C +2 D 2 E + F = 19 D = 0, E = 3, F = 1 2 A A + C 2 D + E 2 F = 7 A + B +D +F = 6 5 4 3 2 2 y 7 y + 7 y 19 y + 7 y 6 dy dy ydy (3 y 1)dy () dy = 4 + 2 + 2 2 2 2 2 ( y 1) ( y + 1) ( y 1) ( y + 1) ( y + 1) 2 y 1 4 1 ydy dy = y 1 + + y 2 + 1 + 3 2 2 ( y + 1) ( y + 1) 2 y 1 2 1 y 4 3 1 = y 1 + + y2 + 1 y2 + 1 + arc gy + c 2 2 y 1 2 y +1 2 4 3 y 1 = ( y 1) y 2 + 1 + y2 + 1 arc gy + c 2 2( y + 1) 2 y 1 2

= ( y 1) y +1
2
y 4 1 arc gy + c 2 y 1 2( y + 1) 2
= 2 x + 1 cos x + 1 + 2s e n x + 1 + c 9 x2 + 7 x 6 48.- dx x3 x Solucin.9x2 + 7 x 6 9x2 + 7 x 6 Adx Bdx Cdx dx = x3 x x( x + 1)( x 1)dx = x + x + 1 + x 1() 9x2 + 7 x 6 A B C = + + 9 x 2 + 7 x 6 = A( x + 1)( x 1) + Bx( x 1) + Cx( x + 1) 3 x x x x +1 x 1 x = 0 6 = A A = 6 De donde: x = 1 10 = 2C C = 5 x = 1 4 = 2 B B = 2
() = 6
dx dx dx 2 + 5 = 6 x 2 x + 1 + 5 x 1 + c x x +1 x 1
Sea:
dv = s e n tdt v = cos t ()2 (s e n t )tdt = 2 t cos t + cos tdt = 2t cos t + 2s e n t + c
u =t du = dt
w .M
sen
x + 1dx = 2 (s e n t )tdt () , trabajando por partes
at
em
Solucin.- Sea: x + 1 = t 2 x = t 2 1, dx = 2tdt
at
ic
a1 .
47.- s e n x + 1dx
co m
221
= x 6 ( x + 1) 2 + ( x 1)5 + c =
49.-
x 6 ( x 1)5 +c ( x + 1) 2
5w3 5w2 + 2w 1 dw w4 + w2 Solucin.5w3 5w2 + 2w 1 5w3 5w2 + 2w 1 dw = w2 (w2 + 1) dw() w4 + w2
5w3 5w2 + 2w 1 Aw + B Cw + D = + 2 w2 ( w2 + 1) w2 w +1 3 2 5w 5w + 2 w 1 = ( Aw + B)( w2 + 1) + (Cw + D) w2 Aw3 + Aw + Bw2 + B + Cw3 + Dw2 ( A + C ) w3 + ( B + D) w2 + Aw + B Igualando coeficientes se tiene: +C = 5 A B + D = 5 A = 2, B = 1, C = 3, D = 4 A = 2 B = 1 Aw + B Cw + D 2w 1 3w 4 () dw + 2 dw = dw + 2 dw 2 2 w w +1 w w +1 2 wdw 3 2 wdw dw = w2 dw + 2 4 w2 2 w + 1 w2 + 1 1 1 = w2 + + ( w2 + 1)3 4 arc gw + c = w2 ( w2 + 1)3 + 4 arc gw + c w w 3dx 50.- 1 + 2x Solucin.- Sea: u = 1 + 2 x, du = 2dx 3dx dx 3 du 3 3 3 1 + 2 x = 3 1 + 2 x = 2 u = 2 u + c = 2 1 + 2 x + c = (1 + 2 x) + c
51.-
(1 x) 2 dx x Solucin.(1 x) 2 dx 1 2 x + x 2 dx dx x2 = = 2 dx + xdx = x 2 x + +c x x x 2 2 xe 2 x 52.- dx 2 Solucin.- Sea: u = 2 x 2 , du = 4 xdx

2
xe2 x 1 1 u 1 u 1 2 x2 2 x 2 2 dx = 2 xe dx = 8 e du = 8 e + c = 8 e + c 53.- e 2t cos(et )dt

222
w .M
at
em
at
ic
a1 .
co m
Solucin.- Sea: w = et , dw = et dt
e cos(e )e dt = w cos wdw() , trabajando por partes

t t t
Sea:
54.- x ( x 2 4)3 dx
3
v = sen w () w cos wdw = w s e n w s e n wdw = w s e n w + cos w + c = et s e n(et ) + cos(et ) + c
u=w du = dw
dv = cos wdw
Solucin.- Sea: u = x 2 4, du =
3
3 xdx 2 3 3 2 3 2 u4 1 4 ( x 2 4) 4 3 2 x ( x 4) dx = 3 u du = 3 4 + c = 6 u + c = 6 + c s e n xesec x s e n x 1 sec x 55.- dx = e dx = gx sec xesec x dx() 2 cos x cos x cos Solucin.- Sea: u = sec x, du = sec x gxdx
() = eu du = eu + c = esec x + c
56.-
ds 2 (1 + s 3 )
1
1 z2 2dz Solucin.- Sea: u = 2 , du = 3 z z

10
w .M
1 1 z2 57.- 3 2 dz z z
10
at
em
at
ds 3t 2 dt 3tdt tdt 3 2 = s 13 (1 + s 2 3 ) t (1 + t 2 ) = (1 + t 2 ) = 3 (1 + t 2 ) = 2 1 + t + c
ic
a1 .
co m
Solucin.- Sea: t = s 3 s = t 3 , ds = 3t 2 dt
1 1 z2 1 10 1 u11 u11 1 1 z2 = = + = + = dz u du c c +c 2 z3 2 2 11 22 22 z 2 z
58.-
11
x (1 + x 2 ) dx 1 + x2
Solucin.- Sea: u = (1 + x 2 ), du =
2 xdx 1 + x2
2
2 x (1 + x 2 ) u2 1 1 u2 (1 + x ) +c dx udu c c = = + = + = 1 + x2 2 2 2 4 4 co gxdx 59.- sen x
Solucin.- Sea: u = s e n x , du = co gxdx
co gxdx du = = u + c = sen x + c u sen x
223
65.-
xdx x5 Solucin.- Sea: u = x 5 x = u + 5, du = dx
xdx u+5 u2 u2 2u 2 1 1 1 x 5 = u 12 du = u 2 du + 5 u 2 du = 3 + 5 1 + c = 3 + 10u 2 + c 2 2 2 2 x + 10 = u u + 10 u + c = ( x 5) x 5 + 10 x 5 + c = 2 x 5 +c 3 3 3 7t 2 66.- dt 7 2t 2 Solucin.dt 7t 2 7tdt 2dt 7 4tdt 7 2t 2 dt = 7 2t 2 7 2t 2 = 4 7 2t 2 2 7 2 t 2 7 7 2t 2 2 arcs e n 2 t + c = 7 2 67.- (1 + x) cos xdx
3 1 3
w .M
2 g 4 sec 4 d =
1 1 u2 u2 g 2 4 udu = + c = + c = +c 4 4 2 8 8
at
em
Solucin.- Sea: u = g 4 , du = 4sec2 4 d
at
ic
64.- g 4 sec 2 4 d
a1 .
co m
Solucin.- Sea: u = cos(16 x), du = 16s e n(16 x)dx s e n(16 x) 1 du 1 1 g16 xdx = cos(16 x) dx = 16 u = 16 u + c = 16 cos(16 x) + c
ax 2 bx + c dx ax 2 + bx c Solucin.ax 2 bx + c ax 2 bx + c ax 2 bx + c dx = dt = t+c ax 2 + bx c ax 2 + bx c ax 2 + bx c dx 61.- cos 2 5 x Solucin.- Sea: u = 5 x, du = 5dx dx 1 1 1 2 2 cos2 5x = sec 5xdx = 5 sec udu = 5 gu + c = 5 g 5 x + c dx 62.- 12 7 x Solucin.- Sea: u = 12 7 x, du = 7dx dx 1 du 1 1 12 7 x = 7 u = 7 u + c = 7 12 7 x + c 63.- g16 xdx
60.-
224
Solucin.- Sea: x = t x = t 2 , dx = 2tdt Trabajando por partes: t 3 cos tdt Sea:
(1 + x) cos
xdx = (1 + t 2 )(cos t )2tdt = 2 (t + t 3 )(cos t )dt = 2 t cos tdt + 2 t 3 cos tdt () dv = cos tdt v = sent
u = t3
Trabajando por partes: t 2 s e n tdt Sea:
du = 3t 2 dt 3 3 2 t cos tdt = t s e n t 3 t s e n tdt
Trabajando por partes: t cos tdt Sea:
dv = s e n tdt u = t2 v = cos t du = 2tdt 2 2 t s e n tdt = t cos t + 2 t cos tdt
u =t dv = cos tdt du = dt v = sent t cos tdt = t s e n t s e n tdt = t s e n t + cos t + c1
() 2 t cos tdt + 2 t 3 cos tdt = 2 t cos tdt + 2 t 3 s e n t 3 t 2 s e n tdt
= 2 x 3 s e n x + 6 x cos x 10 x s e n x 10 cos x + c dx 68.- x( 1 + x 1)
Solucin.- Sea: (1 + x) 2 = t 1 + x = t 2 x = t 2 1, dx = 2tdt dx 2tdt x( 1 + x 1) = (t 2 1)(t 1) () t A B C = + + t = A(t 1) 2 + B(t 2 1) + C (t + 1) 2 2 (t + 1)(t 1) t + 1 t 1 (t 1) t = 1 1 = 2C C = 1 2 De donde: t = 1 1 = 4 A A = 1 4 t = 0 0 = A B +C B = 1 4 Adt 1 dt 1 dt 1 Bdt Cdt dt () = 2 + + = 2 + + 2 2 t 1 (t 1) t +1 4 t + 1 4 t 1 2 (t 1)
1
w .M
= 2t 3 s e n t + 6t 2 cos t 10(t s e n t + cos t ) + c = 2t 3 s e n t + 6t 2 cos t 10t s e n t 10 cos t + c
at
em
= 2 t cos tdt + 2t 3 s e n t + 6t 2 cos t 12 t cos tdt = 2t 3 s e n t + 6t 2 cos t 10 t cos tdt
at
ic
a1 .
= 2 t cos tdt + 2t 3 s e n t 6 t 2 s e n tdt = 2 t cos tdt + 2t 3 s e n t 6 t 2 cos t + 2 t cos tdt
co m
225
1 dt 1 dt dt 1 1 1 + + = t +1 + t 1 +c 2 2 t + 1 2 t 1 (t 1) 2 2 t 1
1 t 1 1 1 +c = 2 2 t + 1 t 1
1+ x 1 1 +c 1+ x +1 1 + x 1
dx co g 6 x Solucin.- Sea: u = cos 6 x, du = 6s e n 6 xdx dx s e n 6x 1 du 1 1 co g 6 x = g 6 xdx = cos 6 x dx = 6 u = 6 u + c = 6 cos 6 x + c

69.- Solucin.- Sea: u = s e n(2 x 4), du = 2 cos(2 x 4)dx cos(2 x 4) 1 du 1 1 co g (2 x 4)dx = s e n(2 x 4) dx = 2 u = 2 u + c = 2 (2 x 4) + c 71.- (et e 2t ) 2 dt Solucin.t 2 t 2 2t t 2t 4 t 2t t 4 t (e e ) dt = (e 2e + e )dt = e dt 2 e dt + e dt 70.- co g (2 x 4)dx
1 1 = e 2t + 2e t e 4t + c 2 2 ( x + 1)dx 72.- ( x + 2) 2 ( x + 3) Solucin.( x + 1)dx ( x + 1) A B C ( x + 2)2 ( x + 3) ( x + 2)2 ( x + 3) = x + 2 + ( x + 2)2 + x + 3 () x + 1 = A( x + 2)( x + 3) + B( x + 3) + C ( x + 2) 2 x = 2 1 = B B = 1 De donde: x = 3 2 = C C = 2 x = 0 1 = 6 A + 3B + 4C A = 2 ()
x + 2 + ( x + 2) + x + 3 = 2 x + 2 ( x + 2)
2 3
Adx
Bdx
Cdx
w .M
dx
at
em
at
ic
dx
a1 .
2
co m
dx x+3
=2 x+2 +
1 x+2 1 2 x+3 +c = + +c x+2 x+3 x+2
73.- (co ge x )e x dx Solucin.- Sea: u = s e n e x , du = (cos e x )e x dx

x x (co ge )e dx =
74.-
s e n + d cos + 1
(cos e x )e x dx du = = u + c = s e n ex + c x sene u
226
Trabajando por partes: co g cos ec d Sea:
Solucin.s e n + s e n d d s e n d (cos 1)d cos + 1 d = cos + 1 + cos + 1 = cos + 1 + cos2 + 1 cos d d = cos + 1 + 2 sen s e n2 = cos + 1 co g cos ec d + cos ec 2 d ()
Trabajando por partes: cos ec 2 d Sea:
u = dv = co g cos ec d du = d v = cos ec co g cos ec d = cos ec + cos ec d = cos ec cos ec co g + c1 u = du = d

2
dv = cos ec 2 d v = t co g
cos ec d = co g + co g d = co g +
(cos ec co g ) s e n + (cos ec co g ) + c cos + 1 1 cos 1 cos = + +c 1 + cos s e n arc gxdx 75.- 3 (1 + x 2 ) 2 =
s e n + c2
() = cos + 1 + cos ec + cos ec co g co g + s e n + c
Solucin.- Sea: x = g = arc gx, dx = sec 2 d , 1 + x 2 = sec
arc gxdx sec 2 d d = (1 + x 2 ) 3 2 sec 3 = sec = cos d () , trabajando por partes u = dv = cos d Sea: du = d v = s e n x 1 = s e n s e n d = s e n + cos + c = (arc gx) + +c 1 + x2 1 + x2 1 = ( x arc gx + 1) + c 1 + x2 2 76.- x co g ( x )dx 5 x2 2 x2 Solucin.- Sea: u = s e n , du = x cos dx 5 5 5
w .M
at
em
at
ic
a1 .
co m
227
x co g ( x
)dx =
x cos
x2 2 5 dx = 5 du = 5 u + c = 5 s e n x + c x2 2 u 2 2 5 sen 5
77.- x 4 x 2 2dx Solucin.- Sea: u = 4 x 2 2, dx = 8 xdx
(4 x 2 2)3 1 12 1u 2 u2 x 4 x 2dx = 8 u du = 8 3 + c = 12 + c = 12 + c 2 1 2 2 ( x + 9) dx 78.- x4

3 3
Solucin.- Sea: x = 3 g , dx = 3sec 2 , x 2 + 9 = 3sec
1 d ( x + 9) dx 3sec 3sec d 1 sec d 1 cos3 1 cos d = = = = 4 4 4 4 x4 3 g 9 g 9 sen 9 s e n4 cos 4 3 1 1 1 1 cos ec = +c = +c +c = 3 3 9 3 sen 27 s e n 27

2
1 2
Solucin.- Sea: u = s e n x3 , du = 3x 2 cos x 3dx

2 5 3 3 x s e n x cos x dx =
1 5 1 u6 u6 s e n 6 x3 u du = + c = + c = +c 3 3 6 18 18
5x2 + 7 Solucin.- Sea: u = 5 x 2 + 7, du = 10 xdx 1 du 1 u 2 u2 (5 x 2 + 7) 2 5x2 + 7 = = + = + = + = +c c c c 1 5 x2 + 7 10 u 2 10 1 5 5 5 2 3 x dx 81.- 2 x x6 Solucin.x3dx 7x + 6 (7 x + 6)dx x +1+ 2 dx = xdx + dx + x2 x 6 = ( x 3)( x + 2) x x6 2 x (7 x + 6)dx () = + x+ 2 ( x 3)( x + 2)
80.-
xdx
xdx
w .M
79.- x 2 s e n 5 x3 cos x 3dx
at
em
at
1
1 x2 + 9 x2 + 9 2 = + c = x +9 +c 3 27 27 x x
ic
a1 .
co m
228
(7 x + 6) A B = + 7 x + 6 = A( x + 2) + B( x 3) ( x 3)( x + 2) x 3 x + 2 x = 2 8 = 5B B = 8 5 De donde: 27 x = 3 27 = 5 A A = 5 2 2 x Adx Bdx x 27 dx 8 dx () = + x + + = + x+ + 2 5 x 3 5 x + 2 x3 x+2 2 x2 27 8 = + x+ x3 + x+ 2 +c 2 5 5 s e n2 d 82.- s e n 2 e

Solucin.- Sea: u = s e n 2 , du = 2s e n cos d
s e n 2 e
83.-
x
s e n2
d = 2s e n cos es e n d = eu du = eu + c = es e n + c
2 2
dx e 9e x Solucin.- Sea: u = e x , du = e x dx dx e x dx e x dx du 1 u 3 1 ex 3 = = = = + c = +c e x 9e x e 2 x 9 ( e x ) 2 9 u 2 9 6 u + 3 ex + 3 6
dw 1 + cos w Solucin.dw (1 cos w)dw (1 cos w)dw cos wdw 2 1 + cos w = 1 cos2 w = s e n 2 w = cos ec wdw s e n 2 w (s e n w) 1 1 = co gw + c = co gw + + c = co gw + cos ecw + c sen w 1 Nota: Este ejercicio esta desarrollado diferente en el capitulo 8.
85.- e
1s e n 2 x 2 3
2
(cos3 x s e n x )dx 2 2
2
1 s e n2 x 2 2 x 3 x Solucin.- Sea: u = , du = cos s e n dx 3 9 2 2
.M
at
em
at
ic a1
84.-
.c
om
1s e n 2 x 2 3
9 2 2 (cos3 x s e n x )dx = eu du = eu + c = e 2 2 2 9 9
1s e n 2 x 2 3
+c
86.-
x3 dx
19 x 2 ( 19)3 s e n 3 19 cos d 19 cos
Solucin.- Sea: x = 19 s e n , dx = 19 cos d , 19 x 2 = 19 cos
x3 dx
19 x
2
= 19 19 s e n (1 cos 2 )d
229
= 19 19 s e n d 19 19 s e n cos 2 d = 19 19 cos + = 19 19
87.-
19 19 cos3 + c 3
19 x 2 19
19 19 3
(19 x 2 )3 ( 19)
3
+ c = 19 19 x 2 + (19 x 2 )3 + c
s e n d 1 cos 2 Solucin.- Sea: u = cos , du = s e n d s e n d du u2 1 1 2 u du = = = + c = 2u 2 + c = 2 cos + c cos 12 u 12 1 2 2 88.- (sec + g ) d

1
Solucin.2 2 2 (sec + g ) d = (sec + 2sec g + g )d
= (sec 2 + 2sec g + sec 2 1)d = (2sec 2 + 2sec g 1)d

= 2 sec2 d + 2 sec g d d = 2 g + 2sec + c dt t (4 + 2t )
1 2
89.-
.M
t (4 +
=
2t )
at
em
dt
at
ic
4 + u2 u + +c = 2 2
4 + u2 + u +c = 2
90.- a b 2 c3 d Solucin.- Sea: ab 2 c3 = k ,

2 3 2 3 2 3 a b c d = a (b ) (c ) d = (ab c ) d = k d =
a1
Solucin.- Sea: u = t , du =
dt , adems: u = 2 g , du = 2sec 2 d , 4 + u 2 = 2sec t du 2 sec 2 d = = sec d = sec + g + c 2sec 4 + u2
.c
4 + 2t + t +c 2
om
+c =
(ab 2 c3 ) +c (ab 2 c3 )
91.- s e n 2 cos3 d
1
Solucin.1 1 1 3 2 2 s e n 2 cos d = s e n 2 cos cos d = s e n 2 (1 s e n ) cos d
sen 2 sen 2 = s e n cos d s e n cos d = +c 3 7 2 2 3 7 2 2 2s e n 2s e n = +c 3 7

3 7 1 2 5 2
230
sec2 d 9 + g 2 Solucin.- Sea: u = g , du = sec 2 d

92.-
sec2 d du 1 u 1 ( g ) 9 + g 2 = 9 + u 2 = 3 arc g 3 + c = 3 arc g 3 + c dx 93.- 2x e 16 du Solucin.-Sea: u = e x , du = e x dx dx = u

Adems: u = 4sec , du = 4sec g d , u 2 16 = 4 g du 4sec g d 1 1 dx du u = e2 x 16 u 2 16 = u u 2 16 = 4sec 4 g = 4 d = 4 + c
1 u 1 ex = arc sec + c = arc sec + c 4 4 4 4 2s 2s 94.- (e 1)(e + 1)ds

Solucin.-
1 4s 2s 2 4s 1)(e 2 s + 1)ds = (e ) 1 ds = e ds ds = 4 e + s + c dx 95.- 2 5x + 8x + 5 Solucin.dx dx 1 dx 5 x 2 + 8 x + 5 = 5( x 2 + 8 x + 1) = 5 x2 + 8 x + 1() , completando cuadrados: 5 5 8 16 16 x2 + 8 x + 1 = ( x2 + x + ) + 1 = ( x + 4 )2 + 9 = ( x + 4 )2 + ( 3 )2 5 5 25 5 5 5 25 25 x+4 1 dx 1 1 5 + c = 1 arc g 5 x + 4 + c () = g arc = 2 2 3 5 (x + 4 ) + ( 3 ) 3 3 5 3 5 5 5 5
96.-
x3 + 1 dx x3 x Solucin.x3 + 1 x +1 x +1 ( x + 1)dx 1+ 3 dx =x + dx = dx + 3 x3 xdx = x x x( x 2 1) x x ( x + 1) dx dx Adx Bdx = x+ = x+ + () = x+ x( x 1) x x 1 x ( x + 1) ( x 1)

1 A B = + 1 = A( x 1) + Bx x( x 1) x x 1
.M
at
em
at
ic
a1
.c
(e
om
2s
231
x = 0 1 = A A = 1 De donde: x = 1 1 = B B = 1 dx dx x 1 () = x + = x x + x 1 + c = x + +c x x 1 x
97.- (arcs e n 1 x 2 )0 dx Solucin.-
(arcs e n
98.-
1 x 2 )0 dx = dx = x + c
3dy 1+ y
1
Solucin.-Sea: y 2 = t y = t 2 , dy = 2tdt 3dy dy 2tdt tdt 1 dt 1 dt = 6 dt 6 1 + y = 3 1 + y = 3 1 + t = 6 1 + t = 6 1+ t 1+ t
= 6t 6 1 + t + c = 6 y 6 1 + y + c = 6
99.- x(1 + x) 5 dx
1 1
y 1+ y + c
Solucin.-Sea: u = 1 + x x = u 1, du = dx
u 5 u5 x (1 + x ) dx = ( u 1) u du = ( u u ) du = u du u du = +c 11 6 5 5 2 2 5u 5u 15 5(1 + x) 5(1 + x ) 1 5 = u + c = (1 + x) + c 11 6 11 6 d 100.- 2 2 a s e n + b 2 cos 2 Solucin.-Sea: u = g , du = sec2 d

5 5 5 5 5
11
om
1 (a 2 g 2 + b 2 ) cos 2 1 du 1 1 u 1 au 1 a g arc g arc g arc g = 2 2 = 2 +c = +c = +c 2 b b b a u +( ) ab b ab a b a a a

101.-
d a 2 s e n 2 + b2 cos2 =
s e n 4 d
.M
at
em
at
tdt 1 (2t + 1) 2 Solucin.Sea:
u =t du = dt
dv =
dt 2t + 1
v = 2t + 1
ic a1
=
.c
s e n 2 d du = 2 2 2 2 2 (a g + b ) (a u + b 2 )
232
tdt 1 (2t + 1) 2 (2t + 1) 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 = t t + t + dt = t t + c t t + = + +c 1 (2t + 1) 2 3 3 2 2

3 3
2t + 1 2t + 1 = 2t + 1 t ( t 1) + c +c = 3 3 s s ds 102.- 1 (1 s 2 ) 2 Solucin.sds u= s dv = 1 (1 s 2 ) 2 , adems: s = s e n , ds = cos , 1 s 2 = cos Sea: ds du = 1 v = (1 s 2 ) 2 s
(1 s
s s ds
2
= 1 s2 s +
1 s2 cos cos d ds = 1 s 2 s + s e n s
= 1 s2 s +
(1 s e n 2 )d = 1 s 2 s + cos ec d s e n d s e n 1 1 s2 + 1 s2 + c s
= 1 s 2 s + cos ec co g + cos + c
(2 cos s e n s e n 2 )d = (s e n 2 s e n 2 ) 104.- t tdt

u = 2t
Sea:
at
Solucin.4 2
em
dv = t 4 dt dt t t v= 5
5 11
at w w w .M
0
103.- (2 cos s e n s e n )d
ic
d = 0d = c
du = 2 t
4 2 t tdt =
Sea:
t5 2 2 4 t t tdt () , trabajando por partes nuevamente: 5 5 u = t dv = t 4 dt 5 dt t du = v= t 5
() =
t 5 2 2t 5 t5 2 2 t5 1 2 t5 +c t t t 4 dt = t t + 5 5 5 5 25 25 5 5
t 5 2 2t 5 2t 5 t t + +c 5 25 125
105.- u 2 (1 + v) dx
a1
.c
om
= 1 s2 s +
233
Solucin.2 11 2 11 2 11 u (1 + v) dx = u (1 + v) dx = u (1 + v) x + c 106.-
( + s e n 3 )d 3 2 2 cos 3 Solucin.-Sea: u = 3 2 2 cos 3 , du = 6( + s e n 3 )d ( + s e n 3 )d 1 du 1 1 2 3 2 2 cos 3 = 6 u = 6 u + c = 6 3 2 cos 3 + c

107.-
1
( y 2 + 1)dy 1 y 2 ( y + 1)
1 1
Solucin.-Sea: y 2 = t y = t 2 , dy = 2tdt
( y 2 + 1)dy (t + 1)2 t dt (t + 1)dt 2tdt dt 2 y 12 ( y + 1) = t (t 2 + 1) = 2 (t 2 + 1) = (t 2 + 1) + (t 2 + 1) = t + 1 + 2 arc gt + c
= y + 1 + 2 arc g y + c
108.-
ds 1 s ( s 4) 2 Solucin.-Sea: s = 2sec , ds = 2sec g d

3 2
1 1 1 s e n 2 + s e n 2 + c = + 16 32 16 2 1 2 s2 4 = arc sec s + +c 2 2 16 s 2 2 109.- u (1 + u ) du
Solucin.5 9 1 2 2 2 4 u (1 + u ) du = u (1 + 2u +u )du = u 2 du + 2 u 2 du + u 2 du
u2 u2 u 2 2u 2 4u 2 2u 2 2u u 4u 3 u 2u 5 u +2 + +c = + + +c = + + +c 3 7 11 3 7 11 3 7 11 2 2 2 3 2u 4u 2u 5 = u + + +c 7 11 3
11
( x3 + x 2 )dx x2 + x 2 Solucin.( x3 + x 2 )dx 2x 2 xdx x2 2 xdx = x + dx = xdx + = + 2 x2 + x 2 x + x2 ( x + 2)( x 1) 2 ( x + 2)( x 1)

110.-
.M
at
11
em
1 + c = ( + s e n cos ) + c 16
at
ic
a1
.c
s (s
3
2 sec g d 1 d ds 1 1 = = = cos 2 d = (1 + cos 2 )d 1 2 3 8 sec 8 16 4) 2 8sec 2 g
om
234
x2 2 xdx x2 Adx Bdx () + = + + 2 ( x + 2)( x 1) 2 x+2 x 1 2x A B = + 2 x = A( x 1) + B( x + 2) ( x + 2)( x 1) x + 2 x 1 x = 1 2 = 3B B = 2 3 De donde: x = 2 4 = 3 A A = 4 3 2 2 x 4 dx 2 dx x 4 2 () = + + = + x + 2 + x 1 + c 2 3 x + 2 3 x 1 2 3 3 2 x 2 = + ( x + 2) 2 ( x 1) + c 2 3 111- adb =

Solucin. adb = a db = ab + c
x 1 x2 2x 8 + +c 3 3
113.-
( x + 1)dx
2 x x2 Solucin.Completando cuadrados se tiene: 2 x x 2 = ( x 2 2 x) = ( x 2 2 x + 1 1) = ( x 2 2 x + 1) + 1 = 1 ( x 2 1)

Sea: x 1 = s e n , dx = cos d , 1 ( x 1) 2 = cos , luego: ( x + 1)dx 1 (2 2 x) 4 1 (2 2 x)dx dx 2 x x 2 = 2 2 x x 2 dx = 2 2 x x 2 + 2 2 x x2 dx dx = 2 x x 2 + 2 = 2 x x 2 + 2 2 x x2 1 ( x 1) 2
= 2 x x 2 + 2
cos d = 2 x x 2 + 2 + c = 2 x x 2 + 2 arcs e n( x 1) + c cos
114.- f ( x) f ( x)dx
.M
at
x2 2 x 8
( x 1) 2 32
3 g
em
dx
dx
3 sec g d
at
ic a1
Sea: x 1 = 3sec , dx = 3sec g d , ( x 1) 2 32 = 3 g , luego:
.c
om
x 2x 8 Solucin.Completando cuadrados se tiene: x 2 2 x 8 = ( x 2 2 x + 1) 9 = ( x 1) 2 32

2
112.-
dx
235
Solucin.- Sea: u = f ( x), du = f ( x)dx
[ f ( x) ] + c u2 f ( x) f ( x)dx = udu = + c = 2 2
2
x3 + 7 x 2 5 x + 5 dx x2 + 2x 3 Solucin.x3 + 7 x 2 5 x + 5 20 12 x (20 12 x)dx x+5+ 2 dx = xdx + 5 dx + 2 x 2 + 2 x 3 dx = x + 2x 3 x + 2x 3 2 (20 12 x)dx x Adx B xdx + 5 dx + ( x + 3)( x 1) = 2 + 5 x + x + 3 + x 1() 20 12 x = A( x 1) + B( x + 3) x = 1 8 = 4B B = 2 De donde: x = 3 56 = 4 A A = 14
115.-
() =
x2 dx dx x 2 + 5 x 14 + 2 = + 5 x + 14 x + 3 + 2 x 1 + c 2 x+3 x 1 2
1+ x + x 2
116.- e
dx x 2 x3 + +c 2 3
x2 4 x + 3 Solucin.Completando cuadrados se tiene: x 2 4 x + 3 = x 2 4 x + 4 1 = ( x 2) 2 1

Sea: x 2 = sec , dx = sec g d , ( x 2)2 1 = g , luego: ( x 1)dx 1 (2 x 4) + 2 1 (2 x 4)dx dx x 2 4 x + 3 = 2 x 2 4 x + 3 dx = 2 x 2 4 x + 3 + x 2 4 x + 3 dx dx = x2 4 x + 3 + = x2 4x + 3 + x2 4 x + 3 ( x 2) 2 1
= x2 4x + 3 +
sec g d
= x 2 4 x + 3 + sec d
= x 2 4 x + 3 + sec + g + c
= x2 4x + 3 + x 2 + x2 4x + 3 + c
x + 4x + 5 Solucin.2
118.-
xdx
.M
117.-
at
em
( x 1)dx
at
ic a1
1+ x + x 2
dx = (1 + x + x 2 )dx = x +
.c
om
Solucin.-
236
Completando cuadrados se tiene: x 2 + 4 x + 5 = x 2 + 4 x + 4 + 1 = ( x + 2) 2 + 1 Sea: x + 2 = g , dx = sec2 d , ( x + 2) 2 + 1 = sec , luego:
xdx x2 + 4 x + 5
xdx
( x + 2) 2 + 1
( g 2) sec 2 d = g sec d 2 sec d sec
= sec 2 sec + g + c = x 2 + 4 x + 5 2
119.-
3
x2 + 4 x + 5 + x + 2 + c
4dx x + 4x Solucin.4dx (3x 2 + 4) 3x 2 (3x 2 + 4)dx x 2 dx 3 dx = = x3 + 4 x x3 + 4 x x3 + 4 x x3 + 4 x 3 2 xdx 3 = x3 + 4 x 2 = x3 + 4 x x 2 + 4 + c 2 x +4 2 2 x( x + 4) x = 2 +c = +c 3 2 2 ( x + 4) x +4 co gxdx 120.- sen x
exp x 1dx =
1 + x3 dx x
2( x 1) ( x 1) ( x 1) 2 +c = +c x 1dx = 3 3 2
122.-
Solucin.-
.M
121.- exp x 1dx
at
em
at
co gxdx du = = u + c = sen x + c sen x u
ic a1
.c
2tdt 2 3(t 2 1) 3
Solucin.- Sea: 1 + x3 = t t 2 = 1 + x3 x = 3 t 2 1, dx =
1+ x dx = x
3
2tdt 2 1 2 2 dt 3(t 2 1) 3 2 t 2 dt 2 = 2 = 1 + 2 dt = dt + 2 1 2 3 t 1 3 t 1 3 3 t 1 (t 1) 3 1 + x3 1 1 + x3 + 1
2 1 t 1 2 1 1 + x3 + = t+ +c = 3 3 3 3 t +1
123.-
+c
x 1 1 dx x +1 x
om
Solucin.- Sea: u = s e n x , du = co gxdx
237
Solucin.- Sea:
x 1 x 1 1+ t2 4tdt , dx = = t t2 = x(1 t 2 ) = t 2 x = 2 1 t (1 t 2 ) 2 x +1 x +1
t 2 (1 t 2 ) dt x 1 1 t 2 dt (1 t 2 ) 4tdt = dx = t = 4 4 (1 + t 2 )(1 t 2 ) 2 (1 + t 2 )(1 t 2 ) x +1 x (1 + t 2 ) (1 t 2 ) 2
x +1 +1 x +1 x 1 + x +1 x +1 x 1 = 2 arc g +c = 2 arc g +c x 1 x 1 x +1 x 1 x + 1 1 x 1 s e n xdx 124.- 1 + s e n x + cos x 2z 1 z2 x 2dz , cos , z = g , dx = x = Solucin.- Sea: s e n x = 2 2 1+ z 1+ z 2 1+ z2 2 z 2 4z dz 2 2 s e n xdx 1 1 + z + z dz = 1+ z2 = 1 + s e n x + cos x 2 z 1 z 2 1 + z 2 + 2 z + 1 z 2 1+ 2 2 1+ z 1+ z 4 zdz 2 zdz Adz Bz + C (1 + z 2 )(2 + 2 z ) = (1 + z )(1 + z 2 ) = 1 + z + 1 + z 2 dz () 2z A Bz + C = + 2 (1 + z )(1 + z ) 1 + z 1 + z 2 z = 1 2 = 2 A A = 1 De donde: z = 0 0 = A + C C = 1 z = 1 2 = 2 A + 2 B + 2C B = 1
.M
at
em
at
ic a1
t 2 dt Bdt Ct + D Adt = 4 + + dt () 2 (1 + t )(1 t )(1 + t ) 1 t 1+ t2 1+ t 2 t A B Ct + D = + + 2 (1 + t )(1 t )(1 + t ) 1 + t 1 t 1 + t 2 t 2 = A(1 t )(1 + t 2 ) + B(1 + t )(1 + t 2 ) + (Ct + D)(1 t 2 ) t = 1 1 = 4 B B = 1 4 t = 1 1 = 4 A A = 1 4 De donde: t = 0 0 = A+ B + D D = 1 2 t = 2 4 = 5 A + 15 B + (2C + D)(3) C = 0 dt dt dt 1 dt 1 dt 1 dt () = 4 + = 2 2 1+ t 1+ t2 t 1 4 1+ t 4 1 t 2 1+ t t +1 = t + 1 t 1 2 arc gt + c = 2 arc gt + c t 1 = 4
.c
om
238
() =
dz z +1 1 2 zdz dz + dz = 1 + z + 2 + 2 2 1+ z 1+ z 2 z +1 z +1
z2 +1 + arc gz + c z +1
1 = 1 + z + z 2 + 1 + arc gz + c = 2
=
125.-
g 2 x 2 +1 g x 2 +1
dx 3 + 2 cos x
+ arc gz + c
Solucin.- Sea: s e n x =
2z 1 z2 x 2dz , cos , z = g , dx = x = 2 2 1+ z 1+ z 2 1+ z2
dx 3 + 2 cos x =
2z dz z 2dz 2 1+ z2 arc g = 2 = +c dz = 2 2 2 2 3 + 3z + 2 2 z 5+ z 1 z 5 5 3 + 2 2 1+ z
Sea: x 1 = 2 g , dx = 2sec 2 d , ( x 1) 2 + 22 = 2sec ,luego: xdx 1 (2 x 2 + 2)dx 1 (2 x 2)dx dx x2 2 x + 5 = 2 x2 2 x + 5 = 2 x2 2 x + 5 + x2 2 x + 5 dx dx = x2 2x + 5 + = x2 2x + 5 + 2 x 2x + 5 ( x 1) 2 + 22
= x2 2x + 5 +
2 sec 2 d = x 2 2 x + 5 + sec d 2sec
= x 2 2 x + 5 + sec + g + c
127.-
(1 + s e n x)dx s e n x(2 + cos x) 2z 1 z2 x 2dz , cos , z = g , dx = x = 2 2 1+ z 1+ z 2 1+ z2
Solucin.- Sea: s e n x =
.M
at
5 2 5 x arc g g 5 +c 5 2 xdx 126.- x2 2 x + 5 Solucin.Completando cuadrados se tiene: x 2 2 x + 5 = x 2 2 x + 1 + 4 = ( x 1) 2 + 22 , =
em
at
ic a1
.c
om
239
2z 2 1 + 2 (1 + z 2 + 2 z )dz (1 + s e n x)dx 1+ z 1+ z2 dz = = s e n x(2 + cos x) 2 z 1 z 2 2 z (1 + z 2 ) + z (1 z 2 ) 2+ 2 1+ z2 1+ z
( z 2 + 2 z + 1)dz ( z 2 + 2 z + 1)dz Adz Bz + C = = + 2 dz () } 3 2 ( z + 3) z + 3z z ( z + 3) z
( z 2 + 2 z + 1) A Bz + C = + 2 z 2 + 2 z + 1 = A( z 2 + 3) + ( Bz + C ) z 2 z ( z + 3) z ( z + 3) 2 Az + 3 A + Bz 2 + Cz ( A + B ) z 2 + Cz + 3 A , igualando coeficientes se tiene:
A +B 3A
=1 C = 2 A = 1 , B = 2 ,C = 2 3 3 =1
2 z+2 1 dz 1 dz 1 2 zdz dz 3 dz = + 2 + + 2 2 2 3 z ( z + 3) 3 z 3 ( z + 3) ( z + 3) g2 x 1 1 2 2 x 2 +c x arc g = g + g +3 + 2 3 2 3 3 3 dx 128.- 4 x +4 Solucin.- Sea: x 4 + 4 = x 4 + 4 x 2 + 4 4 x 2 = ( x 2 + 2) 2 (2 x) 2 = ( x 2 + 2 x + 2)( x 2 2 x + 2) dx dx ( Ax + B )dx (Cx + D)dx x4 + 4 = ( x2 + 2 x + 2)( x 2 2 x + 2) = ( x 2 + 2 x + 2) + ( x 2 2 x + 2) () 1 ( Ax + B) (Cx + D) = 2 + 2 4 ( x + 4) ( x + 2 x + 2) ( x 2 x + 2) 1 = ( Ax + B)( x 2 2 x + 2) + (Cx + D)( x 2 + 2 x + 2) 1 = ( A + C ) x3 + (2 A + B + 2C + D) x 2 + (2 A 2 B + 2C + 2 D) x + (2 B + 2 D) Igualando coeficientes se tiene: A + C =0 2 A + B + 2C + D = 0 A = 1 , B = 1 , C = 1 , D = 1 8 4 8 4 2 A 2 B + 2C + 2 D = 0 2B + 2 D = 1 1 ( x + 2)dx 1 ( x 2)dx () = 2 2 8 ( x + 2 x + 2) 8 ( x 2 x + 2) 1 ( x + 1)dx 1 dx 1 ( x 1)dx 1 dx = + + 2 2 2 8 ( x + 1) + 1 8 ( x + 1) + 1 8 ( x 1) + 1 8 ( x 1) 2 + 1 1 1 1 1 = x 2 + 2 x + 2 + arc g ( x + 1) x 2 2 x + 2 + arc g ( x 1) + c 16 8 16 8 () =
.M
at
em
at
ic a1
.c
om
240
1 x2 + 2x + 2 1 + [ arc g ( x + 1) + arc g ( x 1) ] + c 2 16 x 2x + 2 8
.M
at
em
at
ic
a1
.c
om
241

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ABREVIATURAS DE USO FRECUENTE

og : sen : arcs e n : cos : arc cos : arc co s :

IDENTIDADES ALGEBRAICAS 1. Sean a, b: bases; m, n nmeros naturales. n m+ n a a =a (a m ) n = a mn

Mnimo comn mltiplo.

2. Sean a, b ,c: bases; m, n nmeros naturales 2 3 ( a b ) = a 2 + 2ab + b2 ( a b ) = a3 3a 2b + 3ab2 + b3

a 2 n b 2 n = (a n + b n )(a n b n ) (a + b + c) 2 = a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + 2(ab + ac + bc)

cos( + ) = cos cos s e n s e n

1 + cos 2 2 2 cos 2 = cos s e n 2 = 1 2s e n 2 = 2 cos 2 1

1 + cos 2 2 cos( ) = cos cos + s e n s e n cos

2 = 1 cos s e n 1 cos = = 1 + cos 1 + cos s e n

(e) arcs e n(s e n x) = x arc g ( gx) = x arc sec(sec x) = x

1 [s e n( + ) s e n( )] 2 1 s e n s e n = [ cos( + ) cos( ) ] 2 + s e n s e n = 2 cos sen 2 2 + cos cos = 2s e n sen 2 2 cos s e n =

arc cos(cos x) = x arc co g (co gx) = x arc co sec(co sec x) = x

Integrales 1.- du = u + c 2.- adu = a du

3.- (du + dv) = du + dv 4.- u n du = 5.-

8.- cos udu = s e n u + c

12.- sec u gudu = sec u + c

13.- co sec u co gudu = co sec u + c

11.- cosec 2 udu = co gu + c

10.- sec 2 udu = gu + c

9.- s e n udu = cos u + c

OTRAS INTEGRALES INMEDIATAS

9.- sec hudu = arc gh(s e n hu ) + c

10.- co sec hudu = arc co gh(cos hu ) + c 12.-

u 2 a2 u a u 2 + arcs e n + c 2 2 a au e (a s e n bu b cos bu ) +c 19.- e au s e n budu = a 2 + b2 e au (a cos bu + b s e n bu ) 20.- e au cos budu = +c a 2 + b2

u 1 arc cos + c a a 16.- = 2 2 u 1 u u a arc sec + c a a

u arcs e n + c a 11.- = 2 2 a u arcs e n u + c a u 1 arc g + c du a a 13.- 2 = u u + a2 1 arc co g + c a a

Solucin.- Se sabe que: e x = x 2

Por lo tanto: e x xdx = x 2 xdx = x3 dx =

x7 +c 7 x7 +c, Respuesta: 3a 7 x 6 dx = 3a 7 7 1.3.- Encontrar: (3 x 2 + 2 x + 1)dx

Solucin.2 2 2 (3x + 2 x + 1)dx = (3x + 2 x + 1)dx = 3x dx + 2 xdx + dx

Frmula utilizada: del ejercicio anterior.

x4 +c, 4 1.2 .- Encontrar: 3a 7 x 6 dx

Respuesta: x(x + a)( x + b)dx = 1.5.- Encontrar: (a + bx 3 ) 2 dx

1.8.- Encontrar: (nx) Solucin.-

2 2 px 3 x2 2 2 2 2 pxdx = px dx = p x dx = p + c = +c 2 3 3 2 2 px x Respuesta: 2 pxdx = +c 3 dx 1.7.-Encontrar: n x Solucin.1 2

Respuesta: (nx) Solucin.-

x3 x 3 x3 2 = a dx 3a x dx + 3a x dx x dx = a x 3a + 3a 3 +c 5 7 3 3 3 5 7 4 2 9a 3 x 3 9a 3 x 3 x 3 2 =a x + +c 5 7 3 5 7 4 2 2 2 9 a 3 x 3 9a 3 x 3 x 3 Respuesta: (a 3 x 3 )3 dx = a 2 x + +c 5 7 3 1.10.- Encontrar: ( x + 1)( x x + 1)dx

x 2 m 1/ 2+1 2 x m+ n +1/ 2 x 2 n +1/ 2 + +c 2m 1/ 2 + 1 m + n + 1/ 2 2n + 1/ 2

2 x2m x 4 x m+n x 2 x2n x + +c 4m + 1 2m + 2 n + 1 4n + 1

( a x )4 1.13.- Encontrar: dx ax Solucin.( a x )4 a 2 4a ax + 6 xa 4 x ax + x 2 dx = dx ax ax = 4a ax 4 x ax a2 6ax x2 dx + dx + 1 dx 1 dx 1 dx (ax) 2 (ax) 2 (ax) 2 ax ax

= a 2 a 2 x 2 dx 4adx + 6aa 2 xx 2 dx 4 xdx + a 2 x 2 x 2 dx

( a x )4 3 3 2 x3 1 1 dx = 2a 2 x 2 4ax + 4a 2 x 2 2 x 2 + +c ax 5 xa dx 1.14.- Encontrar: 2 x 10 Solucin.dx dx 1 xa = 2 = +c Sea: a = 10 , Luego: 2 2 x 10 x a 2a x+a

Solucin.- Sea: a= 7 , Luego:

1 x 7 7x +c = +c arc g arc g a 7 7 7 7 7x dx = +c arc g x +7 a 7 dx 1.16.- Encontrar: 4 + x2 Solucin.dx dx Sea: a = 2 , Luego: = = x + a2 + x2 + c 2 2 2 4+ x a +x

1.17.- Encontrar: Solucin.-

1 acta como constante, luego: x +9 dy 1 1 y x2 + 9 = x 2 + 9 dy = x2 + 9 y + c = x 2 + 9 + c dy y Respuesta: 2 = 2 +c x +9 x +9

1.19.- Encontrar: Solucin.-

4 x 1.20.- Encontrar: g 2 xdx

Respuesta: g 2 xdx = gx x + c 1.21.- Encontrar: co g 2 xdx

Solucin.2 2 2 g xdx = (sec x 1)dx = sec xdx dx = gx x + c

Respuesta: co g 2 xdx = co gx x + c 1.22.- Encontrar:

Solucin.2 2 2 co g xdx = (cos ec x 1)dx = cos ec xdx dx = co gx x + c

2 2x dx = +c arc g 2 2x + 4 4 2 dx 1.23.- Encontrar: 2 7x 8 Solucin.1 dx dx dx dx 7 x 2 8 = 2 8 = 7 ( x 2 ( 8 )2 = 7 x 2 ( 8 )2 7 7 7( x ) 7 x 8 x 8 1 1 1 7 7x 8 7 7 = +c = +c = +c 8 8 8 7 2( 7 ) 8 14 8 7x + 8 x+ 7 x+ 7 14 7

Solucin.dx 1 dx 1 1 x 2 2x dx 2 x2 + 4 = 2( x 2 + 2) = 2 x 2 + 2 = 2 2 arc g 2 + c = 4 arc g 2 + c

Solucin.x 2 dx 3 dx dx x 2 + 3 = (1 x 2 + 3)dx = dx 3 x 2 + 3 = dx 3 x 2 + ( 3)2 = x3

x 2 dx 3x = x 3 arc g +c 2 x +3 3 dx 1.25.- Encontrar: 7 + 8x2 Solucin.dx dx 1 2 7 + 8 x2 = ( 8 x)2 + ( 7)2 = 8 8x + 7 + 8x + c dx 7 + 8x

1.26.- Encontrar: Solucin.dx

7 5x (a x b x ) 2 dx 1.27.- Encontrar: a xb x Solucin.2

1.28.- Encontrar: s e n 2 Solucin.x dx = 2 x senx = +c 2 2 1 cos 2 2 x 2

1 cos x 1 1 dx = dx cos xdx 2 2 2

1 a bx 1 a b +c = arctg x+c arctg a+b a +b a b a+b a 2 b2

( a 2 x )0 1dx = (a 0 1)dx = (1 1)dx = dx dx = 0dx = c 0 2x dx = c Respuesta: ( a ) 1

1.37.- (1 + x )0 dx 1.40.- 1.43.-