EXPT NO:

TORQUE MEASUREMENT USING STRAIN GAUGES

DATE:

AIM:
To measure the torque applied to shaft to calibrate the torque measurement set up.

APPARUTUS:
Torque measurement setup, D.C. power supply, millivoltmeter, spring balance.

THEORY:
Torque measurement may be accomplished by mounting their source or sink in bearings & measuring the reaction force F & arm length L. Strain gauges are widely used in torque measurement. The gauges must be precisely at 45 with shaft axis & gauges 1 & 3 should be diametrically opposite to gauges 2 & 4. For a solid circular shaft of length l & diameter d, shear modulus G we have, = = where J: polar moment of inertia of section : angular twist fs: shear stress T T fs Thus from above equations, we can see that torque is transmitted & is proportional to its angular twist (). This angle may be measured by devices known as torsional meters Also torque transmitted is directly proportional to shear stress & strain developed in shaft. Devices based on this concept are called torque meters.

PROCEDURE:
1. 2. 3. 4. Adjust the spring balance, millivoltmeter to zero when no torque is applied to shaft. Apply 5kg m torque using loading device. Note down the millivoltmeter reading. Repeat the procedure by increasing the torque in steps of 5kg m to 50kg m for increasing load & then for decreasing loads. Note down these readings.

OBSERVATIONS:
Input Torque Output loading (mV) Output unloading (mV) Output mean (mV) Theoretical strain Eth (x10-5) Actual strain Eact (x10-5) % error on TV

Data:Diameter of the shaft = d = Torque arm length = = E= Bridge input voltage = ei = Gauge Factor =

FORMULAE:
Applied Torque T = F x R x 9.81 Nm F= spring balance reading (kg) R = Radius of torque arm Torsional shear stress = N/m2 Theoretical strain = Eth = ((1+))/E = Poissons ratio E = Youngs modulus Actual strain = Eact =

eo = output voltage (mV)

CALCULATIONS:
Applied Torque = T =

Torsional shear stress = =

Theoretical strain =

Actual strain =

% error on true value =

x 100

GRAPHS:
Input Voltage v/s output (in mV) Input torque v/s % error

RESULTS:
Static sensitivity = Linearity = Hysteresis = mV mV mV/kg m

CONCLUSIONS: