1.

Proprieti fundamentale
sin x+ cos x= 1
2 2

tg =

sin cos cos ctg = sin

2. Relaii intre funciile trigonometrice ale diverselor arce

a) arce simple i complementare

sin = cos 2 cos = sin 2 tg = ctg 2

ctg = tg 2
b) arce mrite sau micorate de un numr par de circumferine

sin ( 2k + ) = sin cos( 2k + ) = cos tg ( 2k + ) = tg ctg ( 2k + ) = ctg

c) reducerea la primul cadran

sin ( ) = sin cos( ) = cos tg ( ) = tg ctg ( ) = ctg

d) arce mrite sau micorate cu-n numr impar de semi-circumferine

sin [ ( 2k + 1) + ] = sin cos[ ( 2k + 1) + ] = cos tg [ ( 2k + 1) + ] = tg ctg [ ( 2k + 1) + ] = ctg

e) arce egale,opuse i de semne contrare

sin ( ) = sin tg ( ) = tg ctg ( ) = ctg cos( ) = cos

f) arce mrite cu

sin + = cos 2 cos + = sin 2 tg + = ctg 2 ctg + = tg 2 3. Semnele funciilor trigonometrice n cele 4 cadrane
sin cos tg ctg cadranul 1 cadranul 2 cadraul 3 cadranul 4 + + + + + + + + -

4. Funciile trigonometrice ale sumelor sau diferenelor de arce (unghiuri)

sin(a b) = sin a cos b sin b cos a cos(a b) = cos a cos b sin a sin b tga tgb tg (a b) = 1 tgatgb ctgactgb 1 ctg (a b) = ctga ctgb

5. Funciile trigonometrice ale arcelor duble si triple sin 2 = 2 sin cos = 2 sin 1 sin 2 = 2 cos 1 cos 2 cos 2 = cos 2 sin 2 = 2 cos 2 1 = 1 2 sin 2 tg 2 = 2tg 1 tg 2 ctg 2 1 2ctg

ctg 2 =

sin 3 = 3 sin cos 2 sin 3 = 3 sin 4 sin 3 cos 3 = cos 3 3 cos sin 2 = 4 cos 3 3 cos tg 3 = 3tg tg 3 1 3tg 2 ctg 3 3ctg 3ctg 2 1

ctg 3 =

6. Formule calculabile prin logaritmi

a) transformarea sumelor n produse

a+b ab cos 2 2 a+b ab sin a sin b = 2 cos sin 2 2 ab a+b cos a + cos b = 2 cos cos 2 2 a+b a b cos a cos b = 2 sin sin 2 2 sin ( a b ) tga tgb = cos a cos b sin ( b a ) ctga ctgb = sin a sin b a 1 cos a = 2 sin 2 2 a 1 + cos a = 2 cos 2 2 a+b tg sin a + sin b 2 = ab sin a sin b tg 2 sin a sin b ab = tg cos a + cos b 2 tga tgb sin ( a b ) = tga tgb sin ( a b ) 2 tga + ctga = sin 2a tga ctga = 2ctg 2a sin a + sin b = 2 sin
b) transformarea produselor n sume

1 [ sin ( a + b ) + sin ( a b ) ] 2 1 cos a cos b = [ cos( a + b ) + cos( a b ) ] 2 1 sin a sin b = [ cos( a b ) cos( a + b ) ] 2 sin a cos b =

7. Funciile trigonometrice ale arcelor pe jumtate sin cos tg a 1 cos a = 2 2 a 1 + cos a = 2 2

2 a 1 1 + tg a 1 cos a = = 2 tga 1 + cos a

ctg

a 1 + cos a = ctga ctg 2 + 1 = 2 1 cos a

t tg 8. Formule pentru exprimarea lui sin t , cos t si tg t n funcie de 2 t 2tg 2 sin t = t 1 + tg 2 2 t 1 tg 2 2 cos t = t 1 + tg 2 2 t 2tg 2 tgt = t 1 tg 2 2 9. Formule pentru arcsin, arccos, arctg, arcctg
arcsin(a) = arcsin a arccos(a) = arccos a arctg (a) = arctga arcctg (a) = arcctga sin ( arcsin a ) = a

tg ( arctg a ) = a

cos ( arccos a ) = a ctg ( arcctg a ) = a arcsin ( sin a ) = a arctg ( tg a ) = a arccos ( cos a ) = a arcctg ( ctg a ) = a

sin(arccos a ) = 1 a 2 cos(arcsin a) = 1 a 2

1 a2 tg (arccos a) = a arcsin a + arccos a = 2 arctga + arcctga = 2

Pentru triunghiuri
a + b + c = 180 0 tga + tgb + tgc = tgatgbtgc a b c a b c + ctg + ctg = ctg ctg ctg 2 2 2 2 2 2 a b c a + b + c = 180 0 sin a + sin b + sin c = 4 cos cos cos 2 2 2 0 a + b + c = 180 sin 2a + sin 2b + sin 2c = 4 sin a sin b sin c a + b + c = 180 0 ctg

Cteva valori ale functiilor trigonometrice

30 0 = 1 2 3 2 3 3 3

unghiul sin cos tg ctg

00 0 1 0 +

45 0 = 2 2 2 2 1 1

60 0 = 3 2 1 2 3 3 3

90 0 = 1 0 0

180 0 = 0 1 0

Exprimarea unei funcii trigonometrice n funcie de o alta

sin 2 t sin 2 t cos 2 t tg 2 t ctg 2 t 1 sin 2 t sin 2 t 1 sin 2 t 1 sin 2 t sin 2 t

cos 2 t 1 cos 2 t

tg 2 t tg 2 t 1 + tg 2 t 1 1 + tg 2 t

ctg 2 t 1 1 + ctg 2 t ctg 2 t 1 + ctg 2 t 1 ctg 2 t

1 cos 2 t cos 2 t cos 2 t 1 cos 2 t

1 tg 2 t

Articol preluat si prelucrat de Ali. Mulumiri Autorului