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Table of Contents
Short Table of Contents ...........................................................................................
Table of Contents .....................................................................................................
Preface ......................................................................................................................
Table of Computer Notes .........................................................................................
Table of Scripts ........................................................................................................
1. Introduction ......................................................................................................
1.1 The Goal of this Primer ..............................................................................
1.2 The Outline of this Primer ..........................................................................
1.3 A Bit about Seismic Un*x ..........................................................................
1.4 Computer Note 1: Enter .............................................................................
1.5 Computer Note 2: Your Shell .....................................................................
1.6 Computer Note 3: Changing Directories ....................................................
1.7 Computer Note 4: Cursor Prompt ..............................................................
1.8 Your First Seismic Un*x Instruction ..........................................................
1.9 Computer Note 5: Background (&) and Foreground Processes .................
1.9.1 Background Processes ..........................................................................
1.9.2 Foreground Processes ...........................................................................
1.10 Zoom the xwigb Window ...........................................................................
1.11 The Demos Directory .................................................................................
1.12 Self Documentation in Seismic Un*x ........................................................
1.13 Your Second Seismic Un*x Instruction .....................................................
1.13.1 Computer Note 6: No Spaces around the Equal Sign ..........................
1.14 Other Help Facilities in Seismic Un*x .......................................................
2. Unix Commands and Concepts ........................................................................
2.1 Elementary Unix Commands .....................................................................
2.2 File Name Conventions ..............................................................................
2.3 Advanced Unix Concepts ...........................................................................
2.3.1 Invoke the Shell: #! /bin/sh ..........................................................
2.3.2 Comment Line: # ..................................................................................
2.3.3 Pipe: | ....................................................................................................
2.3.4 Shell Redirection: < and > and >> .......................................................
2.3.5 Permissions: rwxrwxrwx ......................................................................
2.3.6 Shell Internal Variables ........................................................................
2.3.7 Passing Values to the Shell ..................................................................
2.3.8 Continuation Mark: \ ............................................................................
2.3.9 Integer Evaluation ................................................................................
TOC-1
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iii
v
xi
xii
xiii
1-1
1-1
1-1
1-2
1-2
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-4
1-5
1-5
1-6
1-6
1-7
1-7
1-8
1-9
1-9
2-1
2-2
2-2
2-2
2-2
2-2
2-3
2-3
2-3
2-4
2-4
2-4
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Table of Contents
TOC-2
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2-4
2-5
2-5
2-5
2-5
2-5
3-1
3-1
3-2
3-3
3-3
3-3
3-3
3-5
3-5
3-6
3-6
3-8
3-10
4-1
4-1
4-5
4-7
4-9
4-10
4-11
4-13
4-14
4-16
5-1
5-1
5-5
5-5
5-6
5-6
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Table of Contents
TOC-3
vii
5-8
5-8
5-8
5-8
5-8
5-8
5-9
6-1
6-1
6-5
6-9
6-10
6-14
6-14
6-15
6-16
6-17
6-18
7-1
7-1
7-3
7-4
7-5
7-5
7-5
7-8
7-11
7-12
7-13
7-13
7-14
7-14
7-20
7-28
7-29
7-30
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Table of Contents
TOC-4
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7-30
7-32
7-33
7-33
7-33
8-1
8-1
8-1
8-2
8-5
8-5
8-9
8-10
8-14
8-14
8-14
8-17
9-1
9-1
9-1
9-2
9-3
9-6
9-6
9-6
9-11
9-12
10-1
10-1
10-2
10-3
10-4
10-5
10-7
10-8
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Table of Contents
TOC-5
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10-11
10-13
10-21
10-21
11-1
11-3
11-6
11-6
11-6
11-7
11-8
11-8
11-10
11-10
11-10
12-1
12-2
12-2
12-5
12-10
13-1
13-1
13-1
13-3
13-5
13-6
13-6
13-6
13-9
13-10
14-1
14-1
14-1
14-3
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Table of Contents
TOC-6
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14-5
14-10
14-14
14-18
14-18
14-24
14-24
15-1
15-1
15-2
15-4
16-1
16-1
16-3
B-1
B-1
C-1
C-1
C-5
C-12
C-15
D-1
D-1
D-4
D-4
D-5
E-1
E-3
E-3
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Preface
This book can serve either of two purposes. (1) It can be used, as it is in our courses
at Michigan Technological University, as an aid to teaching seismic reflection data
processing. (2) It can be used as a primer to Seismic Un*x (SU) by those who may or
may not already be familiar with seismic processing using other software packages. SU is
provided by the Center for Wave Phenomena at Colorado School of Mines and is
available from their web site www.cwp.mines.edu/cwpcodes.
There are details of SU that are important to the processing specialist, but are not
essential to the student who is being introduced to seismic processing. Where these
details appear in the text, we placed a gray bar in the margin to indicate that the material
can be skipped by the student interested only in learning about processing. Of course,
these details might be among the most-interesting material from the viewpoint of
someone who wants to learn programming techniques that apply to SU.
A beginning course in reflection seismology processing might complete the entire
book in one semester. A course that covers fundamental processing and some
interpretation might skip the material with a gray bar and use only one of the real (field,
not synthetic) data sets that we provide.
We have found that one of the biggest hurdles to developing a new course is the
scarcity of real data. With this book, we provide two real data sets. The first real data set,
from the Nankai trough near Japan, is unusual in that it was acquired over very deep
water. This presents some advantages (mediocre velocity analyses will still produce good
results), but it is not realistic for typical exploration purposes. It is, however, a site of
exciting geologic features, and the rugged seafloor topography dramatically demonstrates
the benefit of migration. It is a data set that any student can appreciate. The second real
data set, from offshore Taiwan, presents a number of processing challenges; it is much
more difficult to process to satisfaction.
The compact disks (CDs) included with this book have copies of the scripts and the
seismic data sets (including some data sets that are generated by the scripts). The book is
printed in black-and-white to keep its price low. Because some figures are best viewed in
color, we put copies of all color figures, in uncompressed TIFF format, on the CDs.
Appendix E has a complete list of the contents of the CDs.
We at Michigan Tech will maintain a list of errata for the book. The errata list can be
found by searching on the web for Michigan Tech, errata, and Seismic Un*x. Please
report any errors to the address identified on that web site. Reports of SU bugs,
suggestions for SU improvements, or proposals for new SU scripts should be submitted
to the CSM Center for Wave Phenomena via methods suggested on their web site.
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Section
Page
1-2
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-5
1-5
1-6
1-9
5-6
5-8
5-8
5-8
6-14
6-14
6-15
6-16
7-4
7-13
10-4
Throughout this Primer, we use a vertical bar, as shown to the right, to mark passages
that a first-time reader can safely ignore. Generally, the bar marks two kinds of text.
Details of model building (large portions of Chapters 4, 5, and 6) can be ignored because
Model 4 is on one of the CDs. The bar also marks parts of scripts and explanations of
those parts that are of more interest to shell script programmers than to script users.
TOCN-1
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Table of Scripts
Scripts are listed when introduced. The page number is the page of the first line of the
script. When a script fragment is listed, the original script location is also cited.
Line commands are not referenced, with the exception of our only use of sumute.
Section
Page
2.4
myplot.sh ......................................................................................................
4.2
model1.sh .....................................................................................................
4.3
model2.sh .....................................................................................................
4.4
model3.sh .....................................................................................................
4.6
psmerge1a.sh ................................................................................................
4.7
psmerge1b.sh ...............................................................................................
4.8
psmerge2a.sh ................................................................................................
4.9
psmerge2b.sh ...............................................................................................
4.10 psmerge3.sh .................................................................................................
5.2
acq1.sh .........................................................................................................
5.3
acq2.sh (fragment, modification of acq1.sh, 5.2) ........................................
5.4
acq3.sh (fragment, modification of acq1.sh, 5.2) ........................................
5.6
showshot.sh ..................................................................................................
6.2
model4.sh .....................................................................................................
6.3
acq4.sh .........................................................................................................
6.5
showshot.sh (repeated from 5.6) ..................................................................
6.6.1
shotrwd1.sh ...............................................................................................
6.6.2
shotrwd2.sh ...............................................................................................
6.6.2
shotrwd3.sh ...............................................................................................
6.6.3
shotrwd4.sh ...............................................................................................
6.8
acq4shot.sh (fragment, modification of acq4.sh, 6.3) ..................................
6.8
showshotB.sh ...............................................................................................
7.2
sort2cmp.sh ..................................................................................................
7.3
showcmp.sh ..................................................................................................
7.6.1
oz14prep.sh ...............................................................................................
7.6.2
oz14velan.sh ..............................................................................................
7.6.5
iva.scr ........................................................................................................
7.6.6.1
iva.scr (repeated from 7.6.5) ..................................................................
7.6.6.3
iva.sh ......................................................................................................
8.2.1
tvQC.sh .....................................................................................................
8.2.2.1
velanQC.scr ............................................................................................
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4-1
4-5
4-7
4-10
4-12
4-13
4-15
4-17
5-1
5-5
5-5
5-6
6-1
6-5
6-10
6-14
6-15
6-16
6-16
6-18
6-18
7-1
7-4
7-6
7-9
7-13
7-14
7-21
8-1
8-5
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Table of Scripts
8.2.2.2
velanQC.sh .............................................................................................
8.3
nmo4.sh ........................................................................................................
8.3
nmo4a.sh ......................................................................................................
8.4.1
iview.scr ....................................................................................................
8.4.2
iview.sh .....................................................................................................
9.2.3
migcvp.sh ..................................................................................................
9.3.1
iviewcvp.scr ..............................................................................................
9.3.2
iviewcvp.sh ...............................................................................................
9.4
migmovie.sh .................................................................................................
9.5
migStolt.sh ...................................................................................................
10.3 iview.sh (fragment, modification of 8.3.2) ..................................................
10.4.1 fxdisp.sh ....................................................................................................
10.4.1 fxdisp.scr ...................................................................................................
10.4.2 Nsort2cmp.sh (includes sufilter, suresamp) ............................................
10.5 igain.scr ........................................................................................................
10.5 igain.sh .........................................................................................................
11.1 iva.sh (fragment, modification of 7.6.6.3) ...................................................
11.2 Nnmo.sh .......................................................................................................
11.3.1 Nmigcvp.sh (fragment, modification of migcvp.sh, 8.5.3) ..................
11.3.2 Niviewcvp.sh (fragment, modification of iviewcvp.sh, 8.6.2) .............
11.3.3 Nmigmovie.sh ...........................................................................................
11.4 Ngazmig.sh ..................................................................................................
12.3 iview.sh (fragment, modification of 8.3.2) ..................................................
12.4 killer.sh .........................................................................................................
12.4 killer2.sh .......................................................................................................
12.5 tf.sh ...............................................................................................................
13.2.1 igain.sh (fragment, modification of 9.5) ...............................................
14.2.2 ifk.scr ........................................................................................................
14.2.3 ifk.sh ..........................................................................................................
14.5.1 sumute (line command example) .............................................................
14.5.2 idecon.scr ..................................................................................................
14.5.3 idecon.sh ...................................................................................................
15.3 iva.sh (fragment, modification of 7.6.6.3) ...................................................
15.4 Tnmo.sh .......................................................................................................
16.1 Tmigcvp.sh (fragment, modification of migcvp.sh, 8.5.3) ..........................
16.2 Tmigmovie.sh ..............................................................................................
TOS-2
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8-11
8-13
8-14
8-14
9-4
9-6
9-7
9-11
9-12
10-5
10-8
10-9
10-11
10-13
10-13
11-1
11-4
11-6
11-6
11-7
11-9
12-2
12-5
12-6
12-11
13-1
14-3
14-5
14-19
14-24
14-24
15-2
15-4
16-1
16-1