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July 2004
Contents
1 2 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................... 2 PS SIGNALLING CONNECTION PMM UMTS ONLY....................................... 3 2.1 PS SIGNALLING CONNECTION CONCEPT.......................................................... 3 2.2 SETUP OF THE PS SIGNALLING CONNECTION .................................................. 4 2.3 RELEASE OF THE PS SIGNALLING CONNECTION .............................................. 5 2.4 ATTRIBUTES FOR PS SIGNALLING CONNECTION .............................................. 6 GPRS MOBILITY MANAGEMENT EVENT DIAGRAM (GMM) UMTS ONLY .. 7 3.1 GMM PROCEDURES ....................................................................................... 7 3.2 ATTRIBUTES FOR GMM ................................................................................ 10
4 SESSION MANAGEMENT (SM) UMTS ONLY WITH INTER-SYSTEM HANDOVER TO/FROM GPRS ................................................................................. 12 4.1 SM PROCEDURES......................................................................................... 14 4.2 ADDITIONAL NOTES INTER-RAT HANDOVER AND SM ..................................... 16 4.3 ATTRIBUTES FOR SM.................................................................................... 17
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1 Introduction
Three new event diagrams will handle the PS NAS signalling and associated procedures for UMTS. The events apply to radio interface logs only (e.g. drive test logs). PMM GMM SM PS Signalling Connection monitoring PS Mobility Management monitoring Session Management monitoring
There are three new corresponding event diagrams (.aev), format groups (.xml), and attributes (.xml) files. There are also changes to some of the already existing files, mainly due to the fact that some old attributes in the UMTS.xxx are now moved to the above new files, with the intention of including the PS properties (attributes, format groups) in the specific PS files rather than keep them in the more general UMTS files. Description of events, attributes and values are specified in the relevant sections below. Note on diagrams: red dotted lines between states represent transition that have been added to cope with corrupted log files that occasionally skip messages.
Note on timers: Several NAS procedures are supervised by a re-transmission mechanism. The principle is to provide the requesting node with the possibility to resend a particular message in the case that the peer entity does not reply in time. 3GPP specifies the max number of re-transmissions, the time between two consecutive re-transmissions and, in most cases, the expected behaviour of the requesting node in the abnormal event that no reply is received after the last attempt. For some of the procedures (e.g. PDP Context Activation from SGSN) the PS NAS Event Diagrams handle the supervision timers; the abortion event is detected by the timer expiry because the requesting node is not expected to signal the abortion the other node. However, for the cases in which the requesting node is expected to abort the procedure with explicit signalling (e.g. PDP Context Activation from UE) the supervision timer is not implemented.
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2.1
The PPM event diagram traces the PS signalling connections, from the setup to the release phases. A PS signalling connection is a logical signalling resource between terminal and SGSN. It relies on the presence of both radio (RAN UE) and Iu-PS interface (RAN SGSN) logical/physical resources: UE RNC PS Signalling Connection SGS
RRC Connection
Iu-PS Connection
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Every NAS procedure (e.g. PS Attach or PDP context Activation) between UE and SGSN can take place only if the PS Signalling connection is already established between the two nodes.
2.2
As shown in the diagram above, in order to establish a PS Signalling connection, a RRC and Iu-PS connections need to be present for the UE. While on the radio side the RRC Connection is shared between CS and PS Signalling connections, on the Iu interface side the Iu resources are logically separated. The PS signalling connection establishment is always initiated by the UE via: RRC: Initial Direct Transfer with PS domain indication
UE
RNC
SGS
RRC Connection
RRC:Initial Direct Transfer (PS) Iu-PS Connection is setup RRC:Security Mode Command or RRC:Downlink Direct Transfer (PS)
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2.3
The PS Signalling Connection is normally released via a RRC Connection release procedure or a PS Signalling connection release procedure. The latter occurs usually when a CS connection is also present and can be triggered by both UE and RAN/SGSN 1) RRC connection Release procedure RRC: RRC Connection Release UE RNC
PS Signalling Connection
SGS
2) Signalling Connection Release procedure RRC: Signalling Connection Release with PS domain indication RRC: RB Release also explicitly indicates the release of the PS signalling connection UE RNC SGS
PS Signalling Connection
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UE
RNC
PS Signalling Connection
SGS
2.4
Attribute
Uu_PS_SigConn_Setup
Successful Uu_PS_SigConn_Release
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3.1
GMM procedures
Most of the GMM procedures are common to UMTS and GPRS. In this initial version of GMM event diagram only the UMTS events are detected. The following GMM procedures are analyzed: PS Attach PS Detach Routing Area Update
PS Attach A PS Attach is always initiated by the UE via: Attach Request The message is included either in RRC:Initial Direct transfer or in RRC:Uplink Direct Transfer messages.
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Additional Radio Events for the PS domain in UMTS UE RRC Connection RNC
UE is GMM-deregistered
Attach complete1
Iu procedures
Note that in case of missing reply to Attach Request, the UE should re-send the message, up to a total of 4 re-transmissions. The same mechanism is used by the SGSN to supervise the reply (when expected) to Attach Accept. The PS Attach procedure can fail for several reasons, the most common of which are detected by the GMM Event diagram and listed below (see the table of attributes for more details): Attach rejected by the SGSN (Attach Reject msg) Attach request not replied (after the 5th attempt) Attach Accept not replied (after the 5th attempt)
PS Detach A UE can be PS detached explicitly (the procedure can be initiated by either the UE or the SGN) or implicitly (normally by the SGSN only) The GMM Event diagram can only detect an explicit PS Detach procedure; regardless of the initiating node, the explicit PS Detach is triggered by: Detach request The message is included either in RRC:Initial Direct Transfer or in RRC:Uplink Direct Transfer messages if UE initiated, in a RRC:Downlink Direct Transfer if SGSN initiated.
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UE RRC Connection
RNC
SGS
UE is GMM-registered
Detach Accept1
Iu procedures
The failure scenarios covered by the Event Diagram occur only in case of UE initiated Detach without power-off: The network release the underlying RRC connection instead of accepting the Detach request Detach request not replied (after the 5th attempt)
Routing Area Update (RAU) RAU is always initiated by the UE, which needs to be already PS Attached (or GMMregistered). However, the Event diagram copes with abnormal scenarios where a RAU is triggered from a UE that is considered PS Detached. In any case, the procedure is initiated via: Routing Area Update request The message is included either in RRC:Initial Direct transfer or in RRC:Uplink Direct Transfer messages.
UE RNC SGSN
RAU complete1
Iu procedures
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As for the PS Attach procedure, a re-transmission process can be triggered by missing replies to Request and Accept messages. Therefore, the failure scenarios of RAU are very similar to the ones of PS Attach: RAU rejected by the SGSN (Attach Reject msg) RAU request not replied (after the 5th attempt) RAU Accept not replied (after the 5th attempt)
Except for Network Failure reasons, when a RAU fails the UE is still considered PS Attached. The diagram is a simplified interpretation of the 3GPP specs (24.008), where more specific failure scenarios are specified. However, all of the most common scenarios are covered.
3.2
Attribute
Succ_1_Attempt .. Succ_5_Attempt
Rejected Uu_PS_Attach
Attach Reject After Attach request: RRC:RRC Conn. Rel. or RRC:Sig. Conn. Rel. (PS) or RRC:Sig. Conn. Rel. Req. (PS) or RRC connection Request or RAU Request or Detach Request (from SGSN with re-attach not required) After Attach Accept: expiry of T3350 (after the 5 attempt) Detach Request from UE (with poweroff) or from SGSN
th
Aborted
After Detach Request from UE (with power-off): Detach Accept The attempts refer to the number of Detach Request messages sent After Detach Request from UE (with power-off):
Aborted
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Attribute
Values
Triggers
RAU Accept if this message includes PTMSI RAU Complete if preceding RAU Accept do not include P-TMSI The attempts refer to the number of RAU Request messages sent After RAU request:
Succ_1_Attempt .. Succ_5_Attempt
Uu_PS_RAU
Rejected
RAU Reject After RAU request: RRC:RRC Conn. Rel. or RRC:Sig. Conn. Rel. (PS) or RRC:Sig. Conn. Rel. Req. (PS) After RAU Accept: expiry of T3350 (after the 5th attempt)
Aborted
Uu_PS_Attach_Duration
Value in msec.
Time elapsed between the request and the completion of a successful PS Attach
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4 Session Management (SM) UMTS only with inter-system handover to/from GPRS
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4.1
SM procedures
As in GMM most of the SM procedures are common to UMTS and GPRS. This initial version of SM event diagram is focused on UMTS events; in most of the inter-system (3G 2.5G) handover scenarios also some GPRS events are considered. However the Event diagram set only UMTS attributes. The following procedures are analyzed: PDP Context Activation PDP Context Deactivation
Limitations: PDP Context Modification events Although the Event Diagram can trace the number of PDP Contexts simultaneously active for the UE, there is no differentiation between primary and secondary contexts (PDP differentiation based on TI will be added in the next releases.
PDP Context Activation Both UE and SGSN can ask for the activation of a Primary PDP Context. Only the UE can ask for the activation of a Secondary PDP Context. The UE can have a PDP Context only if is PS Attached.
UE
RNC
SGSN
Iu procedures
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UE
RNC
SGSN
RRC Connection
Iu procedures
Both SGSN and UE initiated PDP Context Activation procedures provide a mechanism for re-transmitting a message when an expected reply is not received. These are the failure scenarios covered: Activation rejected by the SGSN (Activate PDP Context Reject msg) Activation request not replied by the SGSN (after the 5th attempt) Activation rejected by the UE (Request PDP Context Activation Reject msg) Activation request not sent by UE following SGSN initiation (after the 5th attempt)
- PDP Context Deactivation Both UE and SGSN can ask for the deactivation of a PDP Context. The deactivation procedure is the same for both primary and secondary PDP contexts and is triggered via: Deactivate PDP Context Request
UE
RNC
SGSN
RRC Connection
Deactivate PDP Context Request
Iu procedures
Deactivate PDP Context Accept
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The only failure scenario detected for the PDP context Deactivation procedure is a missing reply to the Deactivation Request: Deactivation request not replied (after the 5th attempt)
4.2
This is a summary of scenarios occurring in PS Inter-RAT Handover (UMTS GPRS) that are handled by the SM Event Diagram: The first event usually detected by the SM Event Diagram is a PDP context Activation with UE in UMTS coverage. However, the diagram also recognizes: 1. A PDP context deactivation (from UMTS). This may occur if the logs start with the UE already having an active PDP context. 2. An inter-RAT Cell Change Order from UTRAN, which causes a UMTS GPRS transition for a UEs in Cell_DCH or Cell_FACH state. 3. A GPRS UMTS transition. In this case, it is always assumed that only one PDP Context is active at the time the transition occurs. Moreover the GPRS SM/GMM activity eventually occurring before the transition is not taken into account. Just like during UMTS coverage the number of PDP Contexts active in GPRS is tracked, although such information is not displayed until the UE returns to UMTS coverage. Throughout the GPRS session only a in GPRS flag will appear. No attributes are displayed for SM events occurring in GPRS. However, once the UE is in GPRS mode, the following GPRS NAS procedures are detected: 1. PDP context Activation/Deactivation 2. PS Detach 3. PS Attach The detection of the above procedures in GPRS is fundamental in order to keep track of the correct number of PDP Contexts active when the UE returns eventually to 3G. The SM diagram takes into account the following inter-system handover and cell reselection procedures: Inter-RAT Cell Change Order from UTRAN (UMTS GPRS) Inter-RAT Handover to UTRAN (GPRS UMTS) Inter-RAT Cell Re-Selection to UTRAN (GPRS UMTS) Inter-RAT Cell Change Order to UTRAN (GPRS UMTS)
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4.3
Attributes for SM
Values Succ_1_A ttempt .. Succ_5_A ttempt Triggers
After Activate PDP Context Request or Activate Secondary PDP Context Request: Activate PDP Context Accept The attempts refer to the number of Activate PDP Context Request messages sent by UE After Activate PDP Context Request: Activate PDP Context Reject After Request PDP context Activation:
Attribute
Uu_PS_PDPAct_From_UE
Rejected_ by_NW
Aborted
RRC:RRC Conn. Rel. or RRC:Sig. Conn. Rel. (PS) or RRC:Sig. Conn. Rel. Req. (PS) or RRC connection Request After Activate PDP Context Request: Activate PDP Context Accept The attempts refer to the number of Request PDP Context Activation messages sent by SGSN After Activate PDP Context Request: Activate PDP Context Reject
After Request PDP context Activation: Request PDP context Activation Reject After Request PDP context Activation:
Aborted
RRC:RRC Conn. Rel. or RRC:Sig. Conn. Rel. (PS) or RRC:Sig. Conn. Rel. Req. (PS) or RRC connection Request or (after the 5th attempt) expiry of T3385
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Attribute
Values
Triggers
After Deactivate PDP Context Request from UE:
Deactivate PDP Context Accept from SGSN or Activate PDP Context Request or Request PDP context Activation (NOTE: the last two cases are used to cope with eventual missing Deactivation Accept message from the logs) After Deactivate PDP Context Request from UE:
Uu_PS_PDPDeact_From_UE
Aborted
expiry of T3390 (after the 5th attempt) or RRC:RRC Conn. Rel. or or RRC connection Request or Detach request After Deactivate PDP Context Request from SGSN:
Deactivate PDP Context Accept from UE or Activate PDP Context Request or Request PDP context Activation (NOTE: the last two cases are used to cope with eventual missing Deactivation Accept message from the logs) After Deactivate PDP Context Request from SGSN:
Aborted
expiry of T3395 (after the 5th attempt) 1st Activate PDP Context Request or 1st Request PDP context Activation 1st Deactivate PDP Context Request (UE of SGSN) Cell Change Order from UTRAN
Uu_PDP_State
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Attribute
Values
Triggers
Beginning of the file Last PDP deactivated
No PDP
GPRS to UMTS transition with no PDP Active Detach request from PDP(x) Inactive or PDP Context Deactivation pending states
Uu_TimeBetweenPDP_ReqAndAct
Value in msec.
Uu_TimeBetweenPDP_ReqAndDeactReq
Value in msec.
Uu_TimeBetweenPDP_ActAndDeact
Value in msec.
Uu_TimeBetweenPDP_DeactReqAndDeact
Value in msec.
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