VELAMMAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF PRODUCTION ENGINEERING ME 2401 MECHAT RONICS QUESTION BANK UNIT I PART - A

Define Mechatronics? 2. What are the needs for Mechatronics? 3. How Mechatronics has been classified? 4. What are the elements of mechatronics? 5. What are the advantages of manufacturing machatronics? 6. What are the industrial applications of Mechatronics? 7. Compare the domain for mechatronics with human body? 8. What are the activities of manufacturing mechatronics? 9. Define a System? 10. Define a measurement system? 11. Define a control system? 12. Give a block diagram of a measurement system? 13. What is the purpose of using signal conditioner? 14. Why display systems are used in mechatronics system? 15. What is correction element in the mechatronics system? 16. Define Transducers? 17. What are the two types of transducers? 18. Write notes on electrical transducer? 19. Name the parameters that dictate the transducer capability? 20. Define sensitivity? 21. What are the advantages of electrical transducer? 22. Classify electrical transducers? 23. Name the two parts of a transducer? 24. Mention the factors considered while selecting a transducer? 25. What are resistive transducers? 26. What is meant by POT? 27. What is known as helipots? 28. List the merits of resistance potentiometer? 29. List the demerits of resistance potentiometer? 30. Explain the working principle of strain gauge? 31. Name the different types of strain gauges? 32. List the advantages of semiconductor strain gauges? 33. What is meant by rosette? 34. What is an inductive electromechanical transducer? 35. Give the three working principles of variable inductance transducers?
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36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.

Write notes on LVDT? List the advantages of LVDT? List the disadvantages of LVDT? Write down the principle of operation of capacitive transducers? List the advantages of capacitive transducers? Give the expression for output voltage of piezo electric transducer? Classify digital transducers? What is digitizers? Give the uses of tachometer encoder? What is bimetallic element? What is fluidity? What is humidity? What is absolute humidity? What is the purpose of using Hygrometer? Write the expression of Reynolds Number?

PART - B
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

Explain the Basics elements of a closed loop system with a block diagram? Explain the various components of a closed loop system for controlling the temp of a room? Explain the functions involved in the automatic control of water level? How shaft speed is controlled in the closed loop system? What is sequential controller? How it works? Explain the various components of a measurement system? How the automatic cameras work with Mechatronic system? Explain the engine management system with neat sketches? Explain briefly about Microprocessor and programmable logic controller. Describe the method of measurement of differential pressure devices? Explain the working of strain gauge type of torque transducers? Explain its advantages & disadvantages? Explain the following methods of measurement of torque? Describe the construction and working of the following types of accelerometer? Explain the different methods used for measurement of humidity? Describe the construction & principle of working of thermo couples. Describe the thermoelectric laws & their applications?

UNIT II
ACTUATION SYSTEMS

PART A
What are the advantages of hydraulic actuators over electrical actuators? 2. List components of a hydraulic system. 3. Give application of pneumatic system. 4. What types of pumps are used for oil hydraulic system? 5. What are the functions of control value? 6. What is a cam? 7. A cam profile is the ________ surface area of the cam. 8. Give an application of cam is a mechatronics system. 9. What are the different types of Cams? 10. What are the different types of motions of the follower in cam rotates at a uniform angular velocity? 11. Define mechanisms in actuators. 12. What are different types of Gears? 13. What is Gear? 14. What are the advantages of gear drive over other drives? 15. What are the disadvantages of gear drive over other drives? 16. What is the purpose of coupling? 17. What are the different types of couplings? 18. What is the function of Clutch? 19. In a contactor what NO and NC stand for? 20. What is the function of a relay? 21. Give some examples of solid state switches. 22. Give a few application of solenoid in mechatronics system. 23. What is Triac? 24. What is Diodes? 25. What is Thyristors (or Silicon controlled rectifiers)? 26. What is MOSPET? 27. Classify electric motors for mechatronics system. 28. What is the advantage of slip ring motor over squirrel case induction motor? 29. What is Servo motor? 30. What is stepper motor and give its merits? 31. Give specification of a stepper motor.
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PART B
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Explain the various Gear Drives in Machatronics system. Explain the terms (a) Flat Belt (b) Vee belt (c) Chain drives. What is coupling? Explain various types of couplings? What is the function of Clutch? Briefly explain about Electromagnetic clutch. Sketch a various mechanism give application. What is the function of Power Screw?

7. What is the advantage of ball screw or a conventional screw rod? 8. Give application of ball screw. 9. What are the basic components of Hydraulic & Pneumatic system? 10. Compare Hydraulic and pneumatic system. 11. Explain the various positive displacement pumps. 12. Explain the various control valves and accessories. 13. Explain the various types of actuators. 14. Draw various fluid power symbols. 15. Draw Hydraulic circuit of a press using fluid power symbols. 16. Explain about switching devices in electric actuators. 17. Give working principle of electro magnetic brake and clutch? 18. Explain various types of A.C. Motors used in electrical actuators? 19. Explain various types of D.C. motor used in electrical actuatory? 20. Explain about servo motor used for electrical actuators? 21. Explain about stepper motor used in electrical actuators?

UNIT III PART A

1. In the avenue of mechatronics define a system 2. What is system modeling? 3. Spring elements _________ potential energy 4. The element possessing inertance is known as _________ 5. Define fluid capacitor 6. What are the various ways of classifying the basic engineering systems? 7. What are the analysis and design procedure in mechatronics system? 8. Distinguish between physical and mathematical model? 9. What are the three basic modeling elements are embarked for the mechanical system? 10. Define Damper element (or) dashpot 11. What are the basic models of heat transfer? 12. What are the basic modeling elements of electrical systems? 13. Define mass / Inertia elements? 14. What are the three basic modeling elements in fluid system? 15. Define fluid resistance? 16. Define fluid capacitor? 17. What are the basic modeling elements of thermal system? 18. What is lumped parameter? 19. Define Dynamic System? 20. What is the pneumatic actuator in its basic nature? 21. What is the method to control the speed of a D.C motor? 22. Pure thermal neither characterizes loss nor stores any energy? 23. What are the factors need to be considered for selecting a microcontroller? 24. What are the components of closed loop process control systems? 25. What are the components consists of control equipment? 26. What are the various types of control in mechatronics system? 27. What is ON OFF control? 28. What is PID controller? 29. What is the purpose of closed loop control system? 30. Explain the term PLC? 31. What are the various types of control modes? 32. What are the advantages of microprocessors as controller over analog controllers? 33. What criteria should be considered while selecting a PLC?

PART B
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Discuss briefly the following control modes. A) Two step mode b) proportional mode? Discuss the following control modes. A) Derivative mode. B) Integral mode. Discuss briefly the following control modes a) PI controller b) PID controller. What are digital controllers? Explain briefly? Discuss briefly adaptive control system? Where are programmable logic controllers explain? What do you mean by modeling in Mechatronics?

8. Elucidate the following content of mechaquid system (i) system (ii) Damper (iii) Mass/Inertia 9. Elucidate the following in the content of electrical system (a) Inductor, (b) Resister (c) Capacitor. 10. Elucidate the following context of fluid system (a) Inertance (b) Fluid Resistance (c) Fluid capacitance. 11. Elucidate the following contest of thermal system (a) Thermal Capacitance, (b) Thermal Resistance. 12. Model a translational mechanical with spring, Damper and mass. 13. Model a rotational mechanical system with spring damper and mass. 14. Model an electrical DC Motor. 15. Model a chamber filled with incompressible fluid? 16. Model a pneumatic actuator?

UNIT IV
PROGRAMMING LOGIC CONTROLLER

PART - A 1. What are the advantages of relay output switching? 2. What are the limitations of relay output switching? 3. What are the advantages of solid state switching? 4. What are the limitations of solid state switching? 5. What are the advantages of PLC? 6. What is meant by ladder logic? 7. What are the advantages of a smart, handheld programming terminal? 8. What are the limitations of HHT? 9. What are the advantages of software programming? 10. Draw various Ladder symbols.

PART B
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Write short notes on Programmable Controllers. What are the advantages of PLC? Explain the basic structures of PLC. Explain in detail about the programming of a PLC. Explain in detail about the Input/Output Modules. Explain in detail about the ladder diagram of a PLC. Explain in detail about the Relay logic. Consider a neutralization system with the piping and instrumentation (P and ID) in fig where a certain amount of solution is added to a tank, heated and chemically treated, and the sent out to the next tank. The sensors T1 and H1 indicate whether or not the solution has the correct temperature and H respectively. When T1 and H1 are both activated, the neutralization is complete. The level switches L1, L2 and L3 are activated whenever the level in the tank is at or above a given level. The neutralization process to proceed as follows: 1. Initially, all the valves are closed, the mixer and heater off, and the reaction tank is empty. 2. When the start button is pressed, open V1 until L2 is activated. This fills the tank with the solution to be neutralized. 3. a) When the solution level rises above 1.2, start the mixer m. When the level drops below L1, stop the mixer. b) Whenever the temperature of the solution is below a preset point, energize the heater h. c) Whenever the H of the solution is unbalanced, open V2 to add neutralizer. (It should noted that steps 3(a) and 3(c) are to occur simultaneously) If the tank becomes full, indicated by the activation of L3 and, close V2 to stop the inflow of neutralizer. Next open V4 to reduce the level of the solution to the point indicated by L2. Then close V4 and proceed with step 3 (c).

4. When both the temperature and H of the solution are correct, de-energize their heater and close V2. Then open V3 to drain the tank. When the tank is empty, indicated by the deactivation of L1, close V3 and proceed with step 1. In addition to the above control sequence, two indicators lights, I1 and I2 (not shown in fig) are regulated. Light I1 (I2) should turn on whenever the solution level is above L2 and the temperature of T1 has reached the preset value. 9. The desired sequence of operations is activated by the relay ladder diagram. The logic is more compactly represented in Boolean equation form (We use for AND logical operation; + for OR; ! or NOT): Fig shows a simple control task from chemical process technology as an example of the networking of various systems. In a liquid mixing plant, there different liquids, A, B, C are mixed in a specified proportion. Filling is affected by three valves, V A, VB and VC and the mixture is extracted via one valve, VD. Before the mixture is removed, it is heated to pre-specified reference temperature T. A PLC controls the valves and the mixer. The temperature of the mixer is adjusted to the reference temperature by a two step controller. An overriding computer prepares the reference values for the mixture addition; the computer prepares operational data and downloads the data to the printer as documentation.

UNIT V
DESIGN AND MECHATRONICS SYSTEM

PART A
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Name the various stages in designing mechatronics system? Mention any four statements about the problem definition. Generation of possible solution stage is called us --------------Compare traditional and mechatronics design. What are the requirements satisfied before starting the timer? How can be delay varied in a simple program?

7. What are the advantages of PLC system? 8. What is a windscreen wiper? 9. What are the configurations in operating stepper motor? 10. Write the basic steps of the program to run a stepper motor. 11. What is the function of decoder? 12. What are the various movements of robots? 13. Name the two barriers used in automatic car parking system and state its uses. 14. List the various sensors contained in engine management system.

PART B
1. Explain Stages in Designing Mechatronics Systems in detail? 2. Explain Traditional and Mechatronics Designs in detail? 3. Explain Possible Design Solutions in detail? 4. Give Advantages of PLC system over traditional mechanical system: 5. Explain Windscreen wiper motion in detail? 6. Explain Weighing scales in detail? 8. Explain Automatic car park system in detail?

B.E/B.Tech DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY/JUNE 2007 SIXTH SEMESTER PRODUCTION ENGINEERING ME 1402 MECHATRONICS Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions PART A (10 x 2 = 20 marks) 1. What is a controls system? 2. What is a correction element in a closed loop system? 3. What is the function of an actuation system? 4. What are the advantages of brushless permanent magnet d.c. motors? 5. What is steady state error? 6. Distinguish between continuous and discrete processes. 7. What makes PLC systems more suitable for industries? 8. What are the data formats supported by PLCs? 9. What are the salient features of mechatronic design? 10. What is a timed switch? PART B (5 x 16 = 80 marks) 11. (a) (i) What are the static and dynamic characteristics of sensors? Explain them (4) (ii) How does a strain gauged element function in a sensor? What are their types? Discuss three of them with diagrams (12) (Or) (i) What are the working principle of a techogenerator? Explain with a diagram (8) (ii) What are the factors considered in the selection of sensors? Give examples? (8) (i) Two hydraulic cylinders have to be sequenced for an industrial application. Draw the circuit for the sequential system and explain? (10) (ii) What are bipolar transistors? Explain how are they used? (6) (Or) (b) 13. (a) (i) What is the basic principle of a d.c. motor? Discuss with a diagram? (8) (ii) Discuss with a diagram the working principle of a permanent magnet stepper Motor (8) (i) What are the models used to represent mechanical systems? Discuss any three of them? (10) (ii) Explain the building up of a model for an electrical system (6) Maximum : 100 Marks

(b) 12. (a)

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(or) (b) (i) Discuss the proportional mode of control with an example? (6) (ii) What are the advantages of a PID controller? Discuss this method of control in detail? (10) Draw the block diagram of a PLC and discuss the major sections (or) (b) 15. (a) (i) List any eight PLC input devices and explain their use (ii) What are the selection criteria for PLC systems? (8) (8) (16)

14. (a)

A washing machine is designed with a lot of features. Explain in detail the design using mechatronics approach. Discuss each stage (16) (or)

(b)

(i) Draw the block diagram of the electronic system in an automatic camera (ii) What are the sensors used in a car engine management system?

(12) (4)

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B.E/B.Tech DEGREE EXAMINATION, APRIL / MAY 2004 SIXTH SEMESTER PRODUCTION ENGINEERING PR 044 MECHATRONICS Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions PART A (10 x 2 = 20 marks) 1. What are the Mechatronics system components? 2. Draw an electrical circuit to switch large current load using MOSFET. 3. How does angular displacement measurement is carried out using potentiometric transducer? 4. List the differences between DSP device and microprocessor. 5. Draw a PLC ladder diagram to energise a solenoid valve when a normally open push button switch is activated. 6. Illustrate the principle used in Tachogenerator to measure angular velocity? 7. What are the factors to be considered in selecting an electrical actuator? 8. A pneumatic system is operated at a pressure of 1000 kPa. What diameter of cylinder is required to move a load of 12kN. 9. Compare analog and digital controller? 10. What are the advantages of PLC? PART B (5 x 16 = 80 marks) 11. (i) Explain various stages involved in the design of a Mechatronics system (8) (ii) What are the salient features of Mechatronics approach in the design of the system (8) Maximum : 100 Marks

12. (a) (i) Describe the constructional features of LVDT (6) (ii) Design a suitable signal conditioning circuit using LVDT to measurement linear displacement. (10) (Or) (b) (i) Explain in detail the two types of optical encoders used for linear and angular positional measurement (10) (ii) A shaft encoder is to used with a 50 mm radius tracking wheel to monitor linear displacement. If the encoder produces 250 pulses/rev. What will be the number of pulses produced by a linear displacement of 200 mm? (6) 13. (a) (i) A motor drive system is mechanically required to rotate a shaft and its attached load. Discuss in detail the factors involved in selecting the motor? (8) (ii) With a sketch explain the working of a double acting cylinder mechanism. (4)

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(iii) How does solenoid valve support to operate the same? (4) (or) (b) (i) Describe the construction and operation of two types of stepper motors (6) (ii) Design a typical interface circuit to drive a stepper motor from the microcontroller (6) (iii) A stepper has an step angle of 7.5, what digital rate is required to produce a 10 rev/sec.(4) 14. (a) Devise a circuit that could be used with a conveyor belt used to move an item to a work station. The presence of the item at the work station is detected by means of breaking a contact activated by a light to a photo sensor. At that place it stops for 100 secs for an operation to be conducted before moving on and ON and OFF the conveyor. The motor for the belt is started by a NO start switch and stopped by a NC switch. (b) Describe in detail the functions that are required in the interface of input output system with computer. 15. (a) Design a automobile mechatronics system for car engine management with detailed block diagram and explain? (or) (b) Design a suitable medical mechatronics system for a physically handicapped person (wheel chair) for a safe travel and explain

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