Illrl

c:.,)Lc:.,')cL .
J" 1JaJ ..lVII\.,.
1':ale g-eca aJ'cstCJ.

11,

11

iS1vv(.I,

J)IVvLIIc..LJ1UV

U.

;
GRE

Se

LL

MAI~IT!MA

e la c<.dul<

C:osIHnlinojJoli I'evenlo segna i[ gancJe afa VCIlC7.i<.1cJcgl Ilte//ellLal gec, col [01'0 cu Iale
cosl cletcIlllir1.lllle, 1,1csena geca nelJa vita illarittiilla
veneziana sHI'elJbe Jlclc SSCn data altetan significativa,

qllt sia Vslllc

CllC lu fJCl'cJila Modonc, di di alU'j
possediIllcnli
I1cl MccliIcITalleo Cl1tle <lbbia CI1Cso di fgl l ogIli col1diziol1e sociale. sia Vel1ezia sia so teITitol'i dcl SlIO ,)'1010 do /1101', n altCI"e Ceta. Vwezia
10 soncJuggi , cJaGleglls PLLIIl1idjs sLIi l1ecl'Ologi cl alcLIne <ffiJccc Llclln citta, 1<1gI'<l11~te'
al
J571, dovc Il1l1ggioI' llIle dci gec egst'ati

, COIl1C cJ<.1
<lSett<s Iccane
dell'isola.
SeIl1l)J'C (1"11<.1
SlCSSl j'ontc ljJp<'IJ'e 1<1JllaggioJ' ate dei l11aschi
dei quali C Ilol< " 111cssl1c (9 SlI 151) esecaall quella lti a .Il1 ( , , <'<l, galeolti' sHI'ebbeQ se
se il1cludcssiIllO lllllCI10 lJllctlcllllO dei b,1'bei e clei calafati IJ"esi
ll cnsde"7.lc d<llln lCCC<l. l1els sono anchc Jllat'iLll1 che gll<.IIl Ilel libI'O de//e [11.;nae della Scuola di SHn
dei G"CCi (149R-1530). 101'0dLIc 111ag e nove n di l1<tve2

) . lJII)IS. ((/II.l'i(I('J'(/~,i()IIi
I1/C/()

J..

,,'ll

!J0l,olazio/'I('

g'e

c Vel1(!zir ne//

,vec()//clc

clel '5UO. "SlLItli Vt:/IC/.i~llli. 14 (1972). . 219-226,

2) , {!)()S. 'rl/i/(JC

(,;}. c) (l) , 7 '

':(<
1'ac
%(. () (
129 (1498-1530). '. 5111,11,1,1(' (1979).1'1\.
:12:.1-2.1. :1:17. :1:19, :144.346, :'158.

UGOTUCCI

244

ClI{I~CNI~A

Ce, 11011
c'e bisogno c eI1S,e~lclclVVel1iIll l1 ccCe7,i0l1ali
abbiano 1110SS0dci fg1 I1 accoglicnlc
rirugio : sjJicga[C la Jaghssna atecanc clei Gec alla ~:'i;ll<.1 vcneziana. atti"
,,,'
'1 vaI'j
. \ SjJ<IZiOdi I'eJa c.o:tJ..lLO.~
c lidi d'.i.gJlC: sulle ]JendI~l ce Jlavi venezi~e gJi eCJLIijJaggi gec esLaval10 jJI'alicaIllCl1lC a C<.1S<.1
. Era Gcc CllC contribuiVHJlO a la ra<: (jLIOlidial1C clell'esecii clcJ naitim di Vcnezia, nla.e e C11ecale. La
docUI11entazione cl'acl1vj ne allljJir. tcsl0<I1e rel' ogl1i
: le gaJ '
' dia, Icggialllo ;} delbea;le dcl Sena del 29 1539, 50110 neV e fOl1dalllCnlo clell' alllale l10; C una el<:nc dcl 155 )011 C l1e~Jli(l Cl1e vega c LI~citta
cl
r servilio
enlc cYjJriota3:
la 11.1aneavencziHl1a si del sotlo 11 dl
san cla .
CJ1Csial10 egn la[i.!:tc ,li
eJ'sOl1aJ V"acnte illlpicgao
l1elJe il1dustl.'ie e nci S-Cv clclln <'
gnziol1e, c[ual1clo gueste attivila nbbicl10 gl'<.1l1tlcsvilup. <.1Candia '.Q.[fe c' na:i a ] cQpiosa che
molti Clle trova,varu .DJpiego a bordo dcllc navi vCl1ezial1e en,
devano .balc qllclle
e es110 sullc . n saIel)bc va d' I1tecsse n s<: provel1iCl1za uegl ll1l1 di
ae 110solo a livello egI1,I , [ 10cuJa , cglCe attitudini
adI1] e 10n cgl1lur<. me<vg]a cJ1e C:osiI1JO dci Mcdici - COI:;.~CI'va ['ambasciatorc venczicl10 a FellC - ]'$[;} Clb<,

ad Ila.bjtal : gec peJ" SClllin<.1I"dc 111UrnHn, c.he. pei

han : l111'a il (4.
Ed
couIInentc
nOIllC]c Il10ViIllCnlo dalle cg -:--.-crf:eche
b
ad LI1 ccntro di gcde attrattlva CCOIl0l11iCC. ualc YCI1CZIa, dovc Ja
esena di na-J1ag.l'1.0LJ.Ld.a...G.r..eCQJ.JJ.111
CVH l1 CO[ dare Llna
SLICl1ron cd l1<1vasta acn bnnc. Un SCl1: to Zigara, C[le
dispcnsando lasciti pCl' di ventiIllila
ducati tlCI1C a diC]liat'aI'c co:
llle fosse 110to a cl1e enl [Jal'tito fanciullo
POVCI dalJa cas del
suoi pOgenitol'i GIeciH5.
11 VIIllel1O al1<lIugo a,sistialll0 del

----------

ARCl-IIVO1)1STATO1)1YCNEZIA(=ASV), S'eIIOIO Mc', Icg. 25, c. 76; V. LA "'NSKY, Set,-eI.I dc

/ VelJi.re, San-1'6esbrg 1884, . 563.
)l

4) l'l,e~ZiOnedi Fnlllcesco Cl1all( 589), .1lR('!azioIIi (/8/

/ S'ellalo, a cura dt . SEGARIZZl,Il, Bar 1916, . 108.
5) J.-G. BALL, PoveI'f)I,
6 (1982), . 144.

c/.\'

l1(/lI1e

Gf'eek

a/),I'('Ol

COI1/11'1Un.iry, Sttli

'n

\'ee::1,
rJ.S.,

245

es l1 [JHSSHt?.'n SCI1,\OnVCS, qal

.
10, Satt
negII l1 ue]1 Mau.Y.e.Je, ll~Hl1i
avevHIlO sevito
I'el1l,t Ilavi bizIlJ[jJ1CI,. Allc q<tL~:QFF\-4a-:.t4Jlesl cl] COIOI1IHgCC<:c Venczia al]<.1 dcl e c]le qUHttOl'dICI1111]cIclc] ll
uci Scicel1l07 < rSCOI1 cca
diecill1ilH Vel1c/,i,llli CllC uovevHno
li'ovcrsi a C,tannl10li
l1el
Il~ , gUC1l1(.J<'l]OJ'OCOJOlli<.i 1 Jc Jiu CSRCvioJenze. S0l10 ,
qU,estc, dn ~ccg]CC COI11I1lccrto gl1e cJ'assm::l1e, n
largo C<.lIIO '-CSCI1Qcd L
ttuantc.
D'a?CIC 11011C fc]c evel1C a va]utazloni con I1 gad d'attenc]lblllta 111<1ggIOI'c
11C.C.llC
co]en.jc greca..en 1Lgr.cl1LJ,-tecOI
dI e~I11.!.,UL1<'I1I11,l Hrtiginni C di gel1te
<
manlIall CS<!1 VHI CHIll11i I'1i~
COI1 tel1denziHI .Jita
I'C]Cll1CI1O u'nggcgae
e ,a[1la a1''Cllato
daJla cl1iesH c(]<.iI]<1sClIolH ( 11011e. ]c C'e(JeC, 11aSC guaJ, gel~ca~I?:Z,Il1t]o C<ISIIsolHlI dt IJI'Hlica di lcstC mCg1[ ne]
quaclo d., l1l11l.g<.IC
, ]0 sjJionnggio, [
COIllLSPIOI1HggIO, 111CZZHIliC nlte IJOfcssioni jJOCO)".

CJ1C
a me(~I clc] SCll l cOl1solc rnlnccsc SCveva che Ia co
gecge etal)]je (ICjJlIiS lseS sieclcs a Vcnlsc [ ... ] Je nci]JaJ<p~ cl CI111IlC;C
UC ccItc jJ]nceY, 11:: 1110]C si dl [gC 111110l 1<.i,c<
l1el]a dOCUJllcntazioe ~ Icbi]i a;cc, !)CI' cui ci S0l10 SCCseIJossibiJila ] cgJeJ1C ] movIm~l1lo .1<.1
1)I't';sI1C UesJeat<l. ]e vlcendc dci
che e datu ].CI10SCCCdu si Hd eSSCC gUHiCI1C
010Cl0.genentII7.ZHlC, SCI1l l'iSClliO di livcl]alllel1O arbitC.
-. GJI Sc Ieg<IIl1i con Il1ouel]j IJiZCl1rini llell'orgcllizzHziollc
c]el
nc]lc l11C '-nsi delJ' seIC halll10 [ CI1S::ec lIC rC-

6) J. FERLUt;A,v,'1e<../rJl'

VI'lIezia, 5'lol' (/ \/el1ezi, , '-I;'

(Icl,
<CUUdI . C{'o I~LJ(;(; . . 'e G. C~"cco. G. I~ ,
J 992, . 7 .
' -, 0111<1

7) G. FLJu, (,
,"

IIIiI."'I'r11Ize
cel1' ( ',<.('

.1<,l', c v',IIezin /' ollc-

e lB~l(.Ol1.
(' tee
(,1'ecoIi XV,XV/),
a cllra

,." O,.ieIIle

Ve,
.-

G. BI3CK,. JSSC'S,
. I'1S,FCI1.C1977, .. 148-149,
- 8),:'.es.,' S,".'

r--s;

12I

C:IJlieII.\ 'd<, I'l<, ""al

i ~'I! el l.l /e~' fJ(),I'~'e.I'.I'ioIIs

I~cvuc d'histoiI'c Cl de leUle religielIses.

(1896),. 202; r-', {.,S.11/('.\ I1J.I1Ue.s g,.ecq"e el allJl1aiSe ( Venise
~z ce'.'l,.o di I'.'edI(/zio'.'e ciI., , . 220-22 . Ma . I'~ETO, se-vizi .re~
gI'efI dI VeIIeza. l< ;9-1,InollQ Il1cglio illforllao, I'igua'doalle pie Il./le eleIllCIllI Cl1C
j10S,'~~1()<nI>';ln:
t,Ilc nllC.
veIlIIIel1l1e.1' (1439-1791),

9) al consolc : 1310C,
:a d;1.1.GEORUEI,IN,\/eIIise s'ec'!(' des LL/111ieI'el'
.Paris-LaHaye 1971;.. 68 .
.,

~\,

p~

\4,00;;>

246

c:< ;,l VENI2ZIANA

quenlazione dei C<lI1liel'i COSl<lltillopoli (1<1IXlI'te Venezicl1i jJiut <llla l<1glIlla : bizantini"', Si Jo ,111Clle
<.1cln dCl1dCIl7.l (1,1 tCCl1iClle bizantil1e ! Ibcble pcr
110 leslilllol1i<tLH", Colllunque, IlCII,II)I-imn e( Jel tale t-adlle . ll Clle ncl calliel'e vClleziano
dOCUIllcntata non casualIllenle ua nLl111eISisIJecialisli gcc, e 'se
gec Dceti Nadal, l ll <a gia alla dcl DueCCIltol2,
Ul1a dinastiH di CSll gcc S'jl1iZiC l1 sel1<1le llc fil1e del
COI1 BaXOI1 (Ba,I ..,onu,,), l qunlc ccquislc cceba
pCI" [ l1110 <11Illodcllo clclla galcI'(l !, ll:
obusta senza S<CfiC<1le. .
lui ,<l0 l
~
'colo ,
piL 0010 col l , vee
CSeSS<ll1enCda Rodi, Riv<llita i cantee e
1<1subdnanc < Saner gli Cean qUHlclle clirricollu,
n suo
figlio Gg, sJJecialisl< nellc galeI'e gsse cla cato, alla fnzione c fJroto dei nngn, la Hlta di
qllel1e tecniclle, Clle svolse dHI [442 < 14531), 111que,
la Sl1C senalc Leo, clle ea c ClltieC
a Cecl'I,
La lcsel1,a questi fu abbastanzLl lleelle,
peJ'
quanto nel callee velleZi,ll1o alcuni - lI1C!l(~ 10 con
rofo - segusse Il1etoJi l<tdizjonc dveS dcl quellcl gcc-h. Una II-adizione, qucsra, CllC dOCUIllel1laziol1c 11011basta a
der:il1i I'C n suoi eeen tipici, ll chc ebbe cer'tllCl1tc delle
caaestC]le :: le quali aIJprezzHta,
Chiuso ] ciclo dei Baxon, greco lg l1
el11inentc n sence, e 0011dovettero esseI" l quclli clle sevva con 111anson , conto che 'a,ceSS\J ~L.:.i.gsal11cnte ]ill1jlntr. dnH
~rctjve,
tl<i<. cugn
sl gec fg q.cc I nella doclIlllenLHzionc,
La
tacliziol1e invece dovcLte anLenCs viva soprattlto
ncl ccltee

CandiH" < l~cIJL1blllicc ,I'iCllicdcvc~ ne] Cinqueccnlo~)

ZIOI1~,)lc(1JlI
'l1 ;;' I',
I-l,enuli ! 11lJge rer I'cddes111ccl SC1'Vi7:iOncllc gHlel'c,
~
U SCIlll)I'ClI'C IlCOIlCCI)ibi Ic , :llcclo J : <1
val
l1ell' 'sc<.lc VCIICZicIIlO, ICIll<'l ci I'cosaitto Jel 1105-
enell J ' 110SO, VclloI" l.;'L1sto,civis gnc's,> Illa
:
iIllhe-vtlffi-cl
~
grecjt2 CIHssica, clel
qualc enI l'csJJonclllc ) il]uslI'e n sete - come quello deiIc
: <l - CllC l cluello delJe eCva tale 1Il, Egli I'CSIJl'irlleva nell'l1segncel1[
ur[icia!e dell: ll1gua e l1ellc tCCniCI1C inrlOvnlr'ici isjJinttc Hlla illateillctica
e clI meccanica CIHSSicI1CC l IlloJclli , dell'Hnticllita,
Nella , diClliHrCVH,10 glIillctvHl10 gli 11rCCSce! nei lb gec.,
Sal'a sfcCl1tc f1e l e l ca quella Venezic
l'incsciIllcntcle JivCllutct l cen !)('incipale de]lc cultuC geca to ! occide11Lulel5,
Se nei c.<.nlj ~i--fiIHtt~<lIl~i
0I'e,'j 120dodelle I1Cne ea
,: gl'aIJ le~ Con
~~f-V'et1--;, ,
I.J-a-E>'HI""" e lul'sC 11 10'Ilei sccnli c dijJclldcnza - essi coslillIiv<11'1Ql nuclco riu I,lggU:lrdcvolc dei ll lbacat a
!. II-cl I11iglioI'i C I: 1c.IJ.c.ra.Lur,L.
ll.<J Hbilita
['jCClliSSjI11:l,Nel 1559 , cOl1sigliel'c a CipO, si ea di C]liCIllCI'siad Alcss~lIldl Mclgl1o, l quale I'lebbe l' H]]'imPl'esa
di CipO CSSCI'10"CSSCI,CiLC~>I("
dlIl1que 11011}le l'jsolH 1110e clcllct b:V degli abitHnti mini 111aI'e,

e
e

,
) , CONCNA, L'-,fellu/e

(//"

11) , C , COIlIeIlIIIi

(Ielle

( n,

Rr.UIJb/cc
o-c/liIeIILle

llavaIi

MililllO <)84, , 14-20,

GI1IiC/le,

Atellco

VelleO,

S:CIl0 s'es d' I1CI1-:le11

Geci . Icul1i
ean O~Ilt:lI', dci essl1is, jn assc\,"
- ,m.-etti,
ql:ll1Io 1'1 IcI:re-rvclllo " Sal's COI1]:l fugc clla ]ev<l 1l1ittl1 clle
COlpiVH pes,tntcIl1el1tc Ic dcllo
afo
Ina', sJJesso COt1n
Sll1C l cC1ntingel1te prcteso c popolazione
effettiva, "
solito dil'si jJCI' c'b - Ic 'giHI110 n n re]aie del ] 589 - clle
neJl'is,9kt-di G-i't-tlt't'll'I.ll4wL;;. IQ CQJ1I.acLi,n~
< olto,> '.
n 111aC10clcvvcO gli scitli CllC stcbilisC0J10 unegce :1
condizionc -cnlnLoI'e, 11 rllcll1CHnzc Illestieri alteIlativi
e l mi-

178(I991),IJtJ,178esegg,
12) . CONCNA, Lo ('(,I'.n! l1l, l .'i-(/ ( Vel1e~i{/, ], /1 Mcl"(!, cUa
c , e U. TUCCI, Ra 1991, , 228,
"
13) F.C, , N\i'"
1965, . 52-55,
14) F. ROSSI,

L'cI',I'eIla[e:

CIl,I.-te8

f!(CC (-ev,

Velli5C' l7{lrl7

ll $-

Rella;,I',I'cI('e,

( ('l1

l/

V, I10,I'';l1I1, S'o(;;eI() ed e('OI10Il1iO,

TI3NENl e , T\JCC, ROIllU 1996, , 604-6 ,
l{l

della

S'e-el7iniI110,

Paris

oI'igil1i

, CU<

di ,

247

/
15) D ..J, G()>,S, lJi,l'lIIIZiO e NiIl(/,KiII/r?I1IO,
dif/i,i,l'iOI/i'

/' ,~"(,(l ll ()rll'/e

11: ,)!JI/,~"
ReIIai,I',I'{//I('I',

-,':(('
rl(1 \>\",('/" CII/tLII'e,I'
(I), Nc"v , VCI1 976,

,),

l1l1.,l
ROn13
ll

gI'e-i

1967: lD"

.! M;drf/e

l1

e la

I1l1

Afie5

((

c!1(1 Ir/l

,.- /

[6) S, ,\'',I'

17) ,

(1400-1535),

(1'l':l

cii., , 563,

/, I'l' l//I"/I;110,

l1 ,)-r

VeIIezia,

XJJ, 11 cir,. . 459,

248

(l</:(

seli;,l. QUaIClll10 Si Sllil1ge l() , III,I.:l <<cl<.CjJl'OI)l"iCl~1

nfllSC dHI , Cl1CC COll1Cclil'c I1 SCCICll VCl;:CSC 1l01l
i cdcsl1al1C, l11agc~'i < jJ;'IS.:. ~1CJ<~L;'1
C <ld ""
cml,C<1mc secfci. 110IiSSil11H d~.:.j1C
(lclI 110d;l.lc110 grQ,COlJ'<1cci~1tn< I11cta clcl Cill(jlICCCl1tO JCI n~(IO ~.I.~Is.?f.
a C<ll1nl, l'I11,lgl1e CJldl, CIJSlncc,Il<1, Ic gc(~IIClt,~ [~crjudim-cvil<\bili
qual1do si CCCdi cnnenC )')"'. CC l
dSCS- Cl1C sull'iJlljJiCgO dCJl'LlOJll0 COJllC c (I'CI1Cga iIlquadI'Ho Jcgli SCI1CI11iclcl SLlO , 1quc, b<lsl,l PC{
el'd;'Igl l'illsensiL1iliIa,
clle I1ISClltH 11CIl1JSIllO..
.. '
cl :clt<1 cCUto C cOj1clQ\IQ col CCC
SCI1IQvQIlec:i!. 1solvc <1~
gJ'cco, cC e- 1,1dCS.~C;:
C ~ la
csse:.< ;'tlle r;,lticI1C, CI1CSC<lVl10 IJlcndc, :,-;Jcl~c cll co. 111C. l1 311" CCS
<11lcsi~C d,;I.JCJllO, 10
CHl1cl clcvc ,C - lIJl:CI SIJcH'cHlJ- .qucslJ
)(~;'IIU'LIvogliH CllC (ILICII,I l :;C.' d,S<I~J delJa
galcI,l: col dcl1<\1'o1:nd<1gI1
cssi si <;,l~. dVCS.CSCC:CllI a
l . Cl1i cscaC, CllJ a '<11caC Cl11;'Id ;,ll, ICLcl vcsit~} ( Ic UIC"'.
. ..
.
qucllo clcl I'CI11nOI'c csse-c. HI1cl1 l (J .1'0 I1.I llJla
ICI':CInlnl'i . 11<1dCSIil1Hta a svolcr .
<:11' ..
IVC IH~l1l)1 , ncl cl Michclc (Ia \ocli, SOfJnlLltto. eL-I-l
; liL1J'ctle--Q~J~,Q.[t:J Q,m:::uva, l qllHlc - iI11111IgI',lIOfl cJlczJa l
14.-0, IHvol'al1(IO !r;mfr: f'erzo - Jlcl. ~22, vcJllL
'211
d~, navig
a ClJlJl11agsulle gICC.dJ Nicolc c.-estJmOl1ianZH di , < a ~llata,
Clle '[ J1l0slJ'<Ianche
ql dificolIa
jJcscn'C esslc 111;'I'n
cli .\7,.:gCCl.
.
..
111ll cn1,llo' lllbaCll vl";:,'I1-c<l1 SCI'VIZJodclla 'l1 venczilIl,11l0Il cl1biHJ110CI IlC Sti111C,11<1
s,li10 CllC
dcl Cil1q..e.Ge1TtCfuJ'l djJlJjpIL4i.oIlC, ('incl1C SlIIIC LJa I~
gllC c,;si 11011 soslitLJili CIcondHJlIJ;,lli2'. Ncll,1 sccollll,1

18) C. ) C _.l)'ll

l<.{/

/,r(l,

" c

. ()(, -..

19301111-110-11:;.

" / (l/'('

Ilel!a

1992,I

99-204,

~.\-fJ(lIiel1~.(!

('l'/i

21) . "TJ,(.!(}/'(
962, I -70.

-71

249

dcl ,c~olo
10l < l'(), ,';)cci,JllllCJlIc c<lrdiOti, S()I1Opcn') scg<l;:i
111SC'V',sll1I ):..'7tf~ 1+11'61-1' L:.ol '
l ol'ol'2
J
dei GJ'c.: cliIlliIIlIisc
;1:11 .:l52..lLCI.u.eJ.ldcoli ScllicIvolJi.
L'illlPI'CSSiOIIC .:l; (Iuc,,;to sccnJo cssi sicl~O cl
11011 fJeI'o scn ) JI~J.1~
+H7'.'O'cS:;';
Jllcll'iJlcli. [11cjlJclIn olH
danc VcrlCJlL.c.-:li ~~
< I'~bn-;:Ii-Ja ar1'tcn defla ettsi1;ticc
' I!-l J' ~9:lliJzi()IJC c~I_Ij.eJ /~-a1"'::' ;!ln~ ;I;CO
eIie, !..UJC
111,IJrcJJllC
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ISTITUTO SCIENZE, LR

ARTI

GRECI

. CONVEGNO INTERNAZIONALE STUOIO

Venezia, 5-7 novernbre 1998

a cur"a di

l rI~ANCESCA TlEPOLO ed EURJGIO

VENEZIA 2002