Prof.Dr.

Ashour Abdelsalam Date: 03/03/2009

Tumor Cell Biology Dept.
Medical Research Institute

Master Degree Examination General Histology (Connective tissue and blood)

A) Choose the right answer (s):

1. The following cells are found in connective tissues

a. mast cells
b. fat cells
c. fibroblasts
d. undifferentiated mesenchymal cells
Correct: a, b & c
2. The following tissues are proper connective tissue
a. cartilage
b. lymph
c. adipose tissue
d. blood
Correct: c
3. The loose connective tissue is found
a. around the mucous membrane of gut
b. between muscles
c. blood vessels
d. in the peritoneum and mesenteries
Correct: all
4. The loose connective tissue
a. is soft and easily bent
b. contains little cavities
c. Become filled with fluid in oedema
d. is known as lamina propria
Correct: all
5. Dense connective tissue
a. may be regular as in ligament and joints
b. may be irregular as in tendons
c. is either white or black
d. contains more fibers but fewer cells
Correct: c & d
6. Tendon cells
a. are fibroblasts in between collagen fibers
b. have triangular shape
c. have rectangular shape none of the above
Correct: a, b & c
7. White fibrous connective tissue constitute
a. ligaments of joints
b. sclera (the outer tough coat of the eye)
c. dura mater (the outer coat protecting brain & spinal cord)
 d. the dermis of the skin
Correct: all
8. Yellow elastic connective tissue
a. is found in large arteries
b. is found in heart and lung
c. constitutes the elastic ligaments of legamenta flava
d. all of the above
Correct: d
9. Reticular connective tissue is found in
a. lymphoid organs
b. liver
c. bone marrow
d. endocrine glands
Correct: all
10. Reticular connective tissue consists of reticulare fibers and
a. mast cells
b. plasma cells
c. fibroblasts
d. none of the above
Correct: d
11. Adipose connective tissue is widely distributed
a. around kidney to form shock absorbing pads
b. in mesentery and omentum
c. in bone marrow cavities
d. in superficial fascia below skin to prevent heat loss
Correct: all
12. Mucoid connective tissue has
a. no fibers
b. fibroblasts of stellate forms
c. fibroblasts of elongated shape
d. little amount of histeocytes but much in mast cells
Correct: b
13. Mucoid connective tissue is found in
a. embryo tissue only
b. adult tissue only
c. both of the above
d. umbilical cord of the pregnant women
Correct: c &d
14. Fibroblast cells through their activity form
a. collagen
b. elastin
c. reticulin
d. mucin
Correct: a, b & c
 15. Chondriocytes are the only cell type in
a. loose connective tissue
b. adipose connective tissue
c. special type of connective tissue called cartilage
d. special type of connective tissue called bone
Correct: c
16. Hyaline cartilage is stained with basic dyes for it has
a. collagen bundles
b. sulfated mucopolysaccharides
c. rich glycogen
d. collagen and chondroitin sulfate
Correct: d
17. The active bone-forming cells produced from osteogenic periosteum and from
another osteogenic layer are
a. osteoclasts
b. chondriocytes
c. osteocytes
d. chondrioblasts
Correct: none
18. Osteoclasts are active where
a. there is bone resorption
b. there is cartilage formation
c. there is bone formation
d. none of the above
Correct: a & c
19. Haversian cannals
a. are found in portal tracts of liver tissues
b. are microscopic fine bony channels
c. have lumen containing loose connective tissue in which lie small nerve,
artery and vein
d. are found in glomeruli of kidney tissue
Correct: b & c
20. Volkmann's cannals are
a. tunnels that supply blood to periosteum and endosteum
b. ultrastructural channels appeared in hepatocytes
c. found in big artery and vein
d. none of the above
Correct: a
21. Sharpey's fibers
a. serve to fix periosteum to its bone
b. are coarse collagen either calcified or non-calcifiesd
c. are coarse reticulin extending from periosteum
d. none of the above
Correct: a & b
 22. Plasma is composed of
a. water
b. proteins
c. minerals
d. waste metabolic products
Correct: all
23. White blood granulocytes are
a. lymphocytes
b. monocytes
c. plasma cells
d. mast cells
Correct: none
24. Lymph capillaries differ from the blood capillaries in the following
a. end blindly
b. have irregular shape
c. have no Rouget cells (pericytes)
d. have poorly developed indistinct basal lamina
Correct: all
25. Red blood corpuscles use energy to maintain
a. normal electrolyte gradients across plasma membrane
b. iron atoms of hemoglobin in divalent form
c. iron atoms of hemoglobin in trivalent form
d. their enzymes in a reduced form
Correct: a, b & d
26. Barr body
a. exists as the small appendage of one of leucocytes nuclear lobes
b. is known as drumstick chromosome D
c. is visible in peripheral blood film
d. is the condensed quiescent X-chromosome in female neutrophils
Correct: all
27. Romonowsky-type technique includes
a. H & E stains
b. Giemsa stain
c. PAS
d. Wright stain
Correct: b & d
28. Basophilia is the affinity for basic dyes which is characteristic in
a. DNA in nucleus
b. RNA in cytoplasm
c. Ribosomes
d. Mitochondria
Correct: all
 29. A particular feature of hemoglobin filling the cytoplasm of RBCs is
a. eosinophilia
b. azurophilia
c. neutrophilia
d. basophilia
Correct: a
30.
B) Fill in the spaces: (underlined words are correct)

1. Connective tissue is classified into proper and special connective tissues

2. Proper connective tissue includes loose, dense, adipose, reticular and mucoid
tissues
3. Special connective tissue includes supporting tissues as cartilage and bone and
vascular tissues as blood and lymph.
4. Unlike epithelium, connective tissue has a great amount of intercellular
substances
5. While epithelium is avascular tissue , connective tissue is highly vascularized
6. Matrix of connective tissue is consisting of carbohydrates and mucoproteins
7. Some of mucopolysaccharides in connective tissue matrix are stained with basic
dyes while others are neutral
8. Connective tissue fibers are three types namely collagenous, elastic and reticular
fibers.
9. Collagenous fibers are called white fibers as they have no color when fresh
10. Elastic fibers are called yellow fibers for they appear yellow when fresh
11. Young fibroblast elaborate a substance called tropocollagen which is a precursor
of collagen while old fibroblasts are called fibrocytes which are inactive
12. Mast cell is packed with granules which mask a central small nucleus. These
granules are metachromatic
13. Mast cell granules appear red with toluidin blue, a phenomenon known as
metachromasia
14. Mast cells secret heparin which is anticoagulant and histamine which is a
vasodialator
15. The cytoplasm of the plasma cells is stained with HE except the central part
where Golgi apparatus is located but the nucleus appeared as car-wheel pattern
16. Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells have remained undifferentiated since their
embryonic life
17. Plasma cells produce specific proteins called antibodies
18. The role of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells is the ability to develop into other
connective tissue cells.
19. Dense connective tissue is either white fibrous or yellow elastic
20. Tendon cells between collagenous bundles characterized by their triangular or
rectangular shape
21. Reticular cells have cytoplasmic processes and a large pale nucleus
22. Mucoid connective tissue contains a large amount of jelly-like ground substance
which is rich in mucin
23. The body requires a rigidity to support its massive weight which is provided by
cartilage and bone
24. Cartilage is unique among the various connective tissue types in that it is
avascular so perichondreum supplies it nutrients and oxygen
25. There are three types of cartilage, hyaline, white fibrocartilage and elastic
cartilage
26. White fibrocartilage lacks perichondoreum to avoid crushing of blood capillaries
during movement of joints
27. Pinna of ear, end of nose and Eustachian tube contains elastic cartilage to can bent
and easy return to its former shape
28. Cartilage keeps the passages of respiratory system permanently open for
continuous respiration
29. Matrix of bone is consists of mucopolysaccharides, organic substances called
ossen and inorganic minerals chiefly different calcium salts
30. Osteoblasts secret an organic substance called ossen particularly in bone matrix
31. Cytoplasm of osteoblast is basophilic due to abundant rER
32. Periosteum is outer bone surface while perichondreum is the outer cartilage
surface
33. Endosteum is the inner surface of bone
34. Osteocytes are arranged in lamellae of hard ossified matrix between periosteum
and endosteum
35. Bone connects each parts together by fine cytoplasmic processes of all osteocytes
through the canaliculi of lacuna
36. Connective tissue has important metabolic roles such as fat storage in its type
white adipose tissue
37. The regulation of body temperature in new born is regulated by brown adipose
tissue
38. Each Haversian canal has a narrow lumen containing delicate loose connective
tissue in which lie a small artery, vein and nerve
39. Blood is derivative of connective tissue and is considered as a special modified
connective tissue
40. Unlike cartilage, bone is vascularized tissue
41. Sharpey's fibers serve to fix periosteum to its bone
42. Yellow marrow is an inactive soft fatty tissue found in marrow cavity of long
bones
43. Red marrow is an active soft fatty tissue found in spongy bone
44. Cellular components of blood are erythrocytes, leucocytes and platelets
45. Life span of RBCs is short for it lacks nucleus and organoids
46. Microphages are neutrophils while macrophages are connective tissue cells but
both have phagocytic function
47. Basophils have antagonists as they secret serotonin which is vasodialator and
histamine which is vasoconstrictor
48. The two main differences that distinguished agranular WBCs from granular ones
are that they don not contain granules in their cytoplasm and their nuclei are not
lobulated
 49. The greater part of platelets is more or less clear and is called hyalomere while the
central part is called chromatomre
50. Platelets in mammals are not true cells
51. Tissue fluid transports dissolved nutrients and oxygen from blood to tissue and
collect wastes from tissue to blood
52. Biconcave disc shape of RBCs provides a greater surface area than a sphere
relative to cell volume to enhance gaseous exchange
53. Energy required for activity of EBCs is derived from anaerobic metabolism of
glucose
54. Neutrophils are the most common WBCs having function in acute inflammation
55. Several histochemical methods can be used to highlight neutrophils in tissue
section, among them is chloroacetate esterase
56. Basophilic cytoplasm granules contain proteoglycans that are a variable mixture
of heparin and chondriotin sulfate
Key words: Histology, Connective tissue MCQs