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japanese
phrasebook
Compiled by
L E X US
w w w. ro u g h g u i d e s . c o m
Credits Compiled by Lexus with T. Yahata Hyland and Kumi Liley Lexus Series Editor: Sally Davies Rough Guides Reference Director: Andrew Lockett Rough Guides Series Editor: Mark Ellingham First edition published in 1998 by Rough Guides Ltd. Revised in 2001. This updated edition published in 2006 by Rough Guides Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL 345 Hudson St, 4th Floor, New York 10014, USA Email: mail@roughguides.co.uk.
Distributed by the Penguin Group. Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL Penguin Putnam, Inc., 375 Hudson Street, NY 10014, USA Penguin Group (Australia), 250 Camberwell Road, Camberwell, Victoria 3124, Australia Penguin Books Canada Ltd, 10 Alcorn Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4V 1E4 Penguin Group (New Zealand), Cnr Rosedale and Airborne Roads, Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Typeset in Bembo and Helvetica to an original design by Henry Iles. Printed in Italy by LegoPrint S.p.A No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher except for the quotation of brief passages in reviews. Lexus Ltd 2006 304pp. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 13: 978-1-84353-634-5 ISBN 10: 1-84353-634-X
The publishers and authors have done their best to ensure the accuracy and currency of all information in The Rough Guide Japanese Phrasebook however, they can accept no responsibility for any loss or inconvenience sustained by any reader using the book. Online information about Rough Guides can be found at our website www.roughguides.com
contents
Introduction Basic Phrases Scenarios English - Japanese Japanese - English Japanese - English: Signs and Notices Menu Reader
Food 238 Drink 258
5 8 13 31 178 215
Introduction
he Rough Guide Japanese dictionary phrasebook is a highly practical introduction to the contemporary language. Laid out in clear A-Z style, it uses key-word referencing to lead you straight to the words and phrases you want so if you need to book a room, just look up room. The Rough Guide gets straight to the point in every situation, in bars and shops, on trains and buses, and in hotels and banks. The main part of the Rough Guide is a double dictionary: English-Japanese then Japanese-English. Before that, theres a section called Basic Phrases and to get you involved in two-way communication, the Rough Guide includes, in this new edition, a set of Scenario dialogues illustrating questions and responses in key situations such as renting a car and asking directions. You can hear these and then download them free from www.roughguides. com/phrasebooks for use on your computer or MP3 player. Forming the heart of the guide, the English-Japanese section gives easy-to-use transliterations of the Japanese words wherever pronunciation might be a problem. Throughout this section, cross-references enable you to pinpoint key facts and phrases, while asterisked words indicate where further information can be found in a section at the end of the book called How the Language Works. This section sets out the fundamental rules of the language, with plenty of practical examples. Youll also find here other essentials like numbers, dates, telling the time and basic phrases. The Japanese-English section is in two parts: a dictionary, arranged phonetically, of all the words and phrases youre likely to hear (starting with a section of slang and colloquialisms); then a compilation, arranged by subject, of various signs, labels, instructions and other basic words you may come across in print or in public places. Near the back of the book too the Rough Guide offers an extensive Menu Reader. Consisting of food and drink sections (each starting with a list of essential terms), its indispensable whether youre eating out, stopping for a quick drink, or browsing through a local food market.
!"#$%&'( tanoshi goryoko o!
BASICS
Introduction
Basic Phrases
BASIC PHRASES
8
yes
hai
no
goodbye (formal)
NO
ie
xyz{|
(informal) dewa mata
sayonara
PQR
OK
}~
(between friends) ja ne
oke
STUV
ja, mata!
konnichi wa
WXYZ[
(on phone) moshi-moshi
please (requesting something)
\]^_
yes, please
onegai shimasu
good morning
ohayo gozaimasu
good evening
`abcdefgh
komban wa
ijklm
good night (when leaving)
arigato
osaki ni
nop qrstuvw
!"#$%&'() *+,-./
BASIC PHRASES
ie kekko desu
sorry?/pardon me?
012345678 9
dont mention it
pqrstuvwx
do itashimashite
:;<=>?@A
I see/I understand
naruhodo
yz{|
I dont understand how do you do?
wakarimasen
hajimemashite
how are you?
BCDEFG
ogenki desu ka?
Im fine, thanks
}~
do you speak English?
HIJKLMN
okagesama de
nihongo wa hanasemasen
OPQRST
nice to meet you
hajimemashite
UVWXYZ
could you repeat that?
shitsurei shimasu
[\]^_
`abcdefghi
excuse me/sorry
chotto sumimasen!
gomennasai
jklmno
9
Scenarios
1. Accommodation
is there an inexpensive hotel you can recommend? a yasume no hoteru o shkai shite kuremasu ka? zannen desu ga, subete yoyaku zumi desu b Im sorry, they all seem to be fully booked can you give me the name of a good middle-range hotel? a ch gurai no hoteru wa arimasu ka? sdesu ne, chshin bu ga desu ka? b let me have a look; do you want to be in the centre? if possible a dekireba sukoshi hazure demo desu ka? b do you mind being a little way out of town? not too far out a amari tku nai h ga desu where is it on the map? a chizu no doko desu ka? can you write the name and address down? a namae to jysho o kaite kudasai Im looking for a room in a private house a minsyuku o sagashite imasu Id like to stay in a ryokan, a Japanese-style hotel a ryokan ni tomaritai desu
13
Scenarios Japanese
2. Banks
bank account to change money cheque to deposit pin number pound to withdraw gink kza rygae shimasu kogitte yokin shimasu ansh bang pondo hikidashi masu kza bang account number tesry commission tza yokin current account chochik(u) yokin savings account shiten kdo sort code
14
Scenarios Japanese
can you change this into yen? a yen ni rygae shite kudasai could I have three 10,000 yen notes, two 5,000 yen notes and five 100 yen coins? a ichiman en satsu sanmai, gosen en satsu nimai to hyaku en dama goko kudasai do you have information in English about opening an account? a kza ni tsuite Eigo no setsum wa arimasu ka?
hai, donna kza ga desu ka? b yes, what sort of account do you want? Id like a current account a tza yokin ga desu pasupto o misete kudasai b your passport, please
can I use this card to draw some cash? a kono kdo de genkin ga hikidasemasu ka? kaik ni itte kudasai b you have to go to the cashiers desk I want to transfer this to my account at Nippon Bank a kore o Nippon Gink no watashi no kza ni skin shite kudasai shchi shimashita, demo denwa rykin o itadakimasu b OK, but well have to charge you for the phonecall
3. Booking a room
shower telephone in the room payphone in the lobby shaw heya no denwa kshdenwa
Scenarios Japanese
do you have any rooms? a heya wa arimasu ka? a nanm sama desu ka? for how many people? a hai, aki beya ga arimasu yes, we have rooms free a nanpaku desu ka? for how many nights? how much is it? a ikura desu ka? furo tsuki de ichi man en, furo nashi de hassen en desu b ten thousand yen with bathroom and eight thousand yen without bathroom does that include breakfast? a chshoku tsuki desu ka? can I see a room with bathroom? a furo tsuki no heya o misete kuremasu ka? ok, Ill take it a kore ni shimasu when do I have to check out? a chekku auto wa nanji desu ka? is there anywhere I can leave luggage? a nimotsu okiba wa arimasu ka? just for one night a hito ban dake desu for one/for two a hitori desu/futari desu
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4. Car hire
automatic full tank manual rented car Id like to rent a car a renta k o karitainodesu ga a nan nichi kan desu ka? for how long? Ill take the ... ani shimasu is that with unlimited mileage? a sk kyori wa musgen desu ka? hai b it is two days a futsuka desu o-tomachikku mantan manyuaru renta k
16
Scenarios Japanese
menkyo sh o misete kudasai b can I see your driving licence, please? sorekara pasupto mo b and your passport is insurance included? a hoken komi desu ka? so desu ga, saisho no ichi man en wa jiko futan gaku desu b yes, but you have to pay the first ten thousand yen hoshkin wa ichi man en desu b can you leave a deposit of ten thousand yen? and if this office is closed, where do I leave the keys? a kono ofisu ga shimatte itara dokoni k o kaeshimash ka? ano hako ni irete kudasai b you drop them in that box
5. Communications
ADSL modem at dial-up modem dot Internet mobile (phone) password telephone socket adaptor wireless hotspot ADSL modemu atto daiyaru appu modemu dotto intnetto ktai (denwa) pasuwdo denwa soketto adaput waiyaresu hotto supotto
Scenarios Japanese
is there an Internet caf around here? a kono chikaku ni intnetto kafe wa arimasu ka? can I send email from here? a koko kara denshi mru o okuremasu ka? wheres the at sign on the keyboard? a kono kbdo dewa dore ga atto desu ka? can you switch this to a UK keyboard? a UK kbdo ni henkan dekimasu ka? can you help me log on? a rogu in o tetsudatte kuremasu ka? Im not getting a connection, can you help? a setsuzoku dekimasen, mite kuremasu ka? where can I get a top-up card for my mobile? a doko de ktai denwa no toppu appu kdo o kaemasu ka? can you put me through to...? a ni tsunaide kudasai zero one two three four zero ichi ni san yon five six seven eight nine go roku nana hachi ky
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6. Directions
where? doko? which direction? dochira no hgaku?
18
Scenarios Japanese
hi, Im looking for Shinjuku a sumimasen, Shinjuku o sagashite imasu gomennasai, shirimasen b sorry, never heard of it hi, can you tell me where Shinjuku is? a sumimasen, Shinjuku wa dochira desu ka? watashi mo shiranaindesu b Im a stranger here too hi, Shinjuku, do you know where it is? a sumimasen, Shinjuku wa doko daka wakarimasu ka ? sono kado b around the corner futatsume no shing o hidari b left at the second traffic lights soshite saisho no migi no michi b then its the first street on the right asoko ni over there chikaku near hantai gawa opposite hidari ni on the left no mae in front of massugu mae straight ahead migi(gawa) ni on the right motto saki further o sugite past the ... sugu ato just after tonari, tsugi next tri street ushiro back wakare michi turn off
7. Emergencies
accident jiko ambulance kykysha help! a tasukete! can you help me? a tasukete kudasai please come with me! its really very urgent a issho ni kite kudasai! kinky jitai desu Ive lost (my keys) a (kagi) o nakushimashita (my car) is not working a (kuruma) ga kosh shimashita (my purse) has been stolen a (saifu) ga nusumaremashita Ive been mugged a gt ni aimashita o namae wa? b whats your name? pasupto o misete kudasai b I need to see your passport Im sorry, all my papers have been stolen a gomennasai, shorui ga zembu nusumaremashita consul ryjikan embassy taishikan fire brigade shbtai police ksatsu
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Scenarios Japanese
8. Friends
hi, howre you doing? a konnichiwa, o genki desu ka? hai, anata wa? b OK, and you? yeah, fine a ee, genki desu not bad a waruku arimasen
20
Scenarios Japanese
dyou know Mark? a Mark-san o go zonji desu ka? and this is Hannah a kochira wa Hannah-san desu where do you know each other from? a doko de o ai ni narimashita ka? Kenji-san no tokoro de ai mashita b we met at Kenjis place that was some party, eh? a yoi pt deshita ne? are you guys coming for a beer? a bru o nomini ikimasen ka? a ne, ikimash cool, lets go a e, Yko-san to aimasu no, Im meeting Yko jy ne b see you saik b the best ee, shitte imasu b yeah, we know each other
9. Health
Im not feeling very well a kibun ga suguremasen can you get a doctor? a isha o yonde kuremasu ka? doko ga itai desu ka? b where does it hurt? it hurts here a koko ga itai desu a itami wa tsuzuite imasu ka? is the pain constant? can I make an appointment? a yoyaku wa toremasu ka? can you give me something for ...? a no kusuri o kuremasu ka? yes, I have insurance a hai, hoken ni haitte imasu antibiotics antiseptic ointment cystitis dentist diarrhoea doctor hospital ill medicine painkillers pharmacy to prescribe thrush ksbusshitsu kandome nank bken haisha geri isha byin byki kusuri itami dome yakkyoku shoh suru kanjida sh its not a constant pain a zutto itaku wa arimasen
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Scenarios Japanese
22
Scenarios Japanese
anata no kurejitto kdo wa kyohi saremashita b your credit card has been refused what, I dont understand; do you speak English? a e? wakarimasen, Eigo o hanasemasu ka? kore wa muk desu b this isnt valid could you say that again? a m ichido itte kudasai slowly a yukkuri
I understand very little Japanese a Nihongo wa hotondo hanasemasen I speak Japanese very badly a Nihongo wa amari hanasemasen kono kdo de harau koto wa dekimasen b you cant use this card to pay a wakarimasu ka? do you understand? sorry, no a gomennasai, wakarimasen
is there someone who speaks English? a dare ka Eigo o hanaseru hito wa imasu ka? oh, now I understand a , ima wakarimashita is that ok now? a dewa, kore de desu ka?
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Scenarios Japanese
24
Scenarios Japanese
what time does the post office close? syjitsu wa goji desu b a ybinkyoku wa nanji ni shimarimasu ka? five oclock weekdays is the post office open on Saturdays? a Doybi ni ybinkyoku wa aite imasu ka? Id like to send this registered to England a kore o Igirisu ni kakitome de okuritai no desu ga wakarimashita, san byaku yen desu b certainly, that will cost 300 yen and also two stamps for England, please a sorekara Igirisu e no kitte o ni mai kudasai do you have some airmail stickers? a kkbin no sutekk wa arimasu ka? do you have any mail for me? a watashi e no ybinbutsu wa arimasu ka? / kokunai kaigai/kokusai shokan kozutsumi kyokudome ybin domestic international letters parcels poste restante shgo made b until midday
13. Restaurants
bill menu table kanj gaki meny tburu
Scenarios Japanese
can we have a non-smoking table? a kinen seki o onegai shimasu? there are two of us a futari desu there are four of us a yonin desu sakana no issyu desu b its a type of fish kono tochi no mbutsu desu b its a local speciality naka ni dzo, o mise shimash b come inside and Ill show you we would like two of these, one of these, and one of those a kore o futatsu, kore o hitotsu, soshite are o hitotsu kudasai a o nomimono wa? and to drink? a beer and two orange juices a bru hitotsu to orenji jsu futatsu some more bread please a motto pan o kudasai a ikaga deshita ka? how was your meal? a hoka ni wa? anything else? excellent!, very nice! a saik! totemo oishikatta desu! just the bill thanks a okanj onegai shimasu red wine a aka wain white wine a shiro wain
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14. Shopping
nani ka, o sagashi desu ka? b can I help you? can I just have a look around? a miru dake desu how much is this? a kore wa ikura desu ka? ni sen en b two thousand yen OK, I think Ill have to leave it; its a little too expensive for me a wakarimashita, yamete okimasu, sukoshi taka sugi masu kore wa d desu ka? b how about this? can I pay by credit card? a kurejitto kdo de haraemasu ka? its too big a ki sugi masu its too small a chsa sugi masu yes, Im looking for ... a hai, o kaitaino desu ga
26
Scenarios Japanese
its for my son hes about this high a musuko no desu kore gurai no takasa desu a hoka ni nani ka? will there be anything else? thats all thanks a kore de zembu desu
make it five thousand yen and Ill take it a go sen en ni shite kurereba kai masu fine, Ill take it a desu, kaimasu
15. Sightseeing
art gallery bus tour city centre closed bijutsukan basu tsu chshinbu shimatte iru guide museum open gaido hakubutsukan aite iru
Scenarios Japanese
Im interested in seeing the old town a kyshigai ga mitai desu are there guided tours? a gaido tsuki no tsu wa arimasu ka? mshiwake arimasen, manseki desu b Im sorry, its fully booked how much would you charge to drive us around for four hours? a yo jikan no kank doraibu wa ikura desu ka? can we book tickets for the concert here? a koko de konsto no kippu o yoyaku dekimasu ka? a hai, o namae wa? yes, in what name? a dono kurejitto kdo? which credit card?
where do we pick up the tickets? a kippu wa doko de moraemasu ka? iriguchi de uketotte kudasai b just pick them up at the entrance is it open on Sundays? a Nichiybi wa aite imasu ka? how much is it to get in? a njry wa ikura desu ka? are there reductions for groups of 6? a roku nin no dantai ni waribiki wa arimasu ka? that was really impressive! a totemo yokatta desu!
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16. Trains
to change trains platform return single station stop ticket norikaeru purattofmu fuku katamichi eki eki kippu
28
Scenarios Japanese
how much is ...? a wa ikura desu ka? a single, second class to ... a katamichi hitori, futssha, made two returns, second class to ... a fuku futari, futssha, ... made for today a ky no for tomorrow a ashita no for next Tuesday a raisy no Kaybi
Shinkansen wa tokubetsu rykin desu b theres a supplement for the Bullet Train zaseki o yoyaku shimasu ka? b do you want to make a seat reservation? Okayama de norikaete kudasai b you have to change at Okayama what time is the last train to Kyoto? a Kyoto e no saisydensha wa nanji desu ka? is this seat free? a kono seki wa aite imasu ka? excuse me, which station are we at? a sumimasen, koko wa doko no eki desu ka? is this where I change for Okayama? a Okayama e wa koko de norikae desu ka?
English Japanese
A
a, an* hitotsu
ache
fg
desu
English Japanese
my back aches
!"#$%&
its about 5 oclock a film about Japan
(no)
about: about 20
hijklm
across: across the road
no mukogawa
adapter
michi
nopqr stuvw xy
jusho
whats your address?
adapta
tsuite no eiga
above
address
gojusho wa?
address book
abroad
z{|}~
adult
jushorok
ABCDEFGHIJKLAf
admission charge
CDEF
akseru uketorimasu
nyujoryo
accept (present)
GHIJKL MNOPQR
jiko
otona mae-
advance: in advance
motte jiko
ST
after you
aeroplane after
hikoki
UVWXYZ[\
accommodation
ga arimashita
]^ _`
heya
account accurate
abcde
kekkyoku
31
afternoon
gogo gogo ni
GH
AIDS air
32
English Japanese
in the afternoon
ni
IJK LM
kuki
by air (travel)
eizu
this afternoon
kyo no gogo
!"#
roshon afutasan-
afuta-shebu
hikoki de
(send) kokubin de
air-conditioning
eya-kon kokubin de
afterwards
$% &'
ato de
kokubin-yo
again
mata to
^_`abcde
airplane airport
fgh ij
hikoki
ABCDEFGHIJKLAf
hantai (no)
()*+,-.
(position) ni tatekakete
kuko
/012345
age
toshi dairinin
agent ago
789 :
mae
a week ago
;<=>
an hour ago
alarm clock
dokei
?@AB CDEF
agreement
arukoru osake
alcohol
agree: I agree
alcoholic drink
kyotei
all of them
wa minna
<=>?
although its expensive
English Japanese
takai
keredomo
altogether always
watashi wa arerugi desu
am*: I am
MNOPQ RSTUV
at 1am
am: at 7am
allowed: is it allowed?
i desu
WXYZ[
beki
amazing (surprising)
all right
ka?
!"#$
Im all right
kekko desu
\]^_
ABCDEFGHIJKLAm
`abcd
ambulance
%&'()
desu ka?
efg
kyukyusha
call an ambulance!
*+,-./0
almost alone
hijklmnop qrs
America Amerika
1234 567 89 :;
hitori mo
hotondo
tuvw
xyz{|}~
(no)
already also
mo keredomo
no naka de
although
33
amount
ryo
34
English Japanese
and*
()*+,-./0 12
another beer, please
3456789:; <=>?@A
antibiotics
BCDE
zai
antihistamine
ko-hisutaminsore
FGHIJKL
antique: is it an antique?
angry
okotta dobutsu
animal ankle
MNOPQRST UV
antique shop antiseptic
ABCDEFGHIJKLAm
ashikubi
WXYZ [\]
kottohin-ten
shodoku-zai o
anniversary (wedding)
kekkon-kinen-bi
^_`abcde fg
have you got any bread/ cherries? pan/sakuranbo
annoying
komarasete imasu
wa
arimasu ka?
!"
hijklmnop qrstuv
sorry, I dont have any
another (different)
#$%&'
wxyz{|}~
anybody
dare ka
apple
English Japanese
ringo yoyaku
ga
appointment
hanasemasu ka?
there wasnt anybody there
dialogue
good morning, how can I help you? ohayo
anything
nani ka
shitai no desu ga
dialogue
anything else? hoka ni nani ka? nothing else, thanks hoka niwa nai desu, arigato
would you like anything to drink? nani ka nomimasu
ABCDEFGHIJKLAp
igai dewa
apat(o) manshon
arimasen ga sanji wa ippai desu, yoji dewa ikaga desu ka? yes, that will be fine hai, i desu the name was? onamae o itadakemasu ka?
apricot April
zensai
anzu
Shigatsu
35
are*
desu anata wa
PQRSTUVW
art
36
English Japanese
XY
bijutsu bijutsu-kan
desu
chiki shigai-kyokuban
Z[\ ]^_
geijutsu-ka to onaji
okisa no
area
`abcdefg
as soon as possible
dekiru
ude
dake hayaku
ashtray
hijklmn op
haizara
arrange
!"#$%
tehai shimasu
Asia Ajia
qrs tuvwxy
(noun) Ajia-jin (no)
ABCDEFGHIJKLAr
&'()*+,-. /012 34
tochaku tsukimasu itsu
z{|}
ask
arrival arrive
tanomimasu kore wa
5678
tanonde imasen
when do we arrive?
tsukimasu ka?
9:;<=>?@
has my fax arrived yet?
could you ask him to ...?
kare
ABCDEFGHI JKLMNO
we arrived today
kanojo wa nemutte imasu
tsukimashita
aspirin
zensoku odoroku hodo
asupirin
23456789: ;<=
automatic (adj)
English Japanese
asthma
>?@AB
aki
jido (no)
astonishing
(no)
hoteru de eki de rokuji ni no
at the station at six oclock
CDEFGHIJ K
in the autumn
LM
aki ni
avalanche avenue
NOP QRS
nadare
odori heikin-teki
at Yukikos Yukiko-san
tokoro de
Hachigatsu oba genkin-jido-shiharaiki miryoku-teki (na)
(na)
TUVWXY
on average
ATM
Z[\]
ABCDEFGHIJKLBa
attractive August
awake: is he awake?
^_`abcde fg hijklmno
is it far away?
away: go away!
atchi e itte!
Australia
!"#$%&' ()*+,./01
Osutoraria
pqrstu
awful
Australian (adj)
Osutoraria
vwx
hidoi
(no)
B
baby
yz{|
akachan
37
baby food
}~
bebi-fudo honyubin
badminton bag
!
kaban (paper bag) fukuro
badominton
38
English Japanese
senaka (back part) ura
at the back
bebi-shitta
"#$%&
baggage
(handbag) handobaggu
'()*+, -.
nimotsu
ushiro ni
baggage checkroom
tenimotsu-azukari-jo
to come back
/01234
baggage claim
tenimotsu-uketori-jo
modotte
56789:
bakers
ABCDEFGHIJKLBa
kimasu
to go back
;<=
pan-ya beranda
modotte
balcony
ikimasu
warui hidoi zutsu koshi no itami bekon
>?@A
beranda-tsuki no heya
ball
BCDEFGHIJ KLM
take takenoko boru
ballpoint pen bamboo
NOPQR S
boru-pen
a bad headache
hidoku
mama desu
bamboo shoots
TUVW XYZ
banana
banana
band (musical)
[\] ^_
bando
English Japanese
bandage
hotai
basu-tsuki no heya
bath towel bathtub
bay be*
basu-taoru
Bandaid bando-eido
`abcde fg
ginko
yokuso
bank (money)
bank account
hijk lmno pq
ba
ginko-koza kawase-tegata
denchi
!"#$% &
wan desu hamabe
a bar of chocolate
chokoreto-ba
barbers
rstuvwxy z{ |} ~
toko-ya yakyu
baseball basket
'( )*
beach
ABCDEFGHIJKLBe
on the beach
+,bean curd
hamabe de
kago
./ 0
tofu
beans
mame daizu
basketball bath
soya beans
ofuro
can I have a bath?
basuketto-boru
12
beard
34
hige
bathroom
subarashi
56789
(person, view) kirei (na)
:;<= >?@
(building) utsukushi
39
because
ABCD
40
English Japanese
hajime ni
because of ...
EFGHI JKL MN
behind
bed (Western-style)
behind me
no ushiro ni watashi no
(Japanese-style) nedoko
Im going to bed now
ushiro ni
below belt
beruto kabu shindai no shita ni
sorosoro nemasu
bed and breakfast
OPQRSTU
choshoku-tsuki yado
VWXYZ [\] ^_ `a
bedroom
bedding (Japanese)
futon
shinshitsu
beef
gyuniku biru
!"#$% &'()*
motto i saiko (no)
no soba ni
ABCDEFGHIJKLBe
beer
bcd
better
before begin
+,-./0123 456
between beyond bicycle big
uvwxy
789:
no aida ni
no muko ni
hajimarimasu ka?
beginner
z{|}~
shoshinsha
too big
GHIJKL
its not big enough
okisugimasu
a bit expensive
chotto takai
English Japanese
chisasugimasu
bikini
desu
MNOPQR
bill seikyusho
mushi-sasare
bikini
nigai
black
kuroi mofu
blanket blind
^_`abcde fg
bin
(sink) tsumatta fusagatta buraindo
hij k
tori
gomibako
ABCDEFGHIJKLBl
blinds
bird
birthday
lmn
tanjobi
happy birthday!
opqrstuvw xyz{|
biscuit
!"#$% &'
ketsueki
kimpatsu (no)
}~
a big bit a bit of ...
koketsuatsu
()*
blouse blow-dry
+,-.
burausu buro-dorai
/01234
41
yoyaku shitai no desu ga otorishimasho ka? shichijihan ni onegai shimasu thats fine o-ukeitashimasu
half past seven and your name? what time would you like it booked for? nanji ni
42
English Japanese
56789:;<= >?@ABCDE
blue
FG
aoi tojoken
boarding pass
HIJ KLM N
boat
boto
OPQ
karada yude-tamago
qr
hon-ya
boot (footwear)
RSTUV WXY Z[
hone
stu
butsu
gohan
vwxy z{
desu
kokkyo taikutsu
ABCDEFGHIJKLBl
bone
\]^_` a
hon
bonnetto
|}~
boring
taikutsu (na)
bcdef
de umaremashita
(year) ni umaremashita
ghijklmn op
borrow
karimasu
dialogue
Id like to book a table for two teburu o futari-yo ni
both
ryoho
GHI
boyfriend bra
English Japanese
boi-frendo
bottle
bracelet
a bottle of sake
`abcd ef
white bread
bottle-opener
sennuki oshiri no
ghi jkl
no pan
brown bread
)*+,
(hill, mountain) no fumoto ni
soko ni
ABCDEFGHIJKLBr
wholemeal bread
-./012
mnopqr stuv
kowashimasu
Ive broken the ...
break (verb)
bowl (porcelain)
wxyz{|}~
I think Ive broken my wrist
o kowashite shimaimashita
box
hako
(wooden) kibako
@A
boy
break down
box office
BCDEF
kipp-uriba
kosho shimasu
otoko no ko
kuruma ga
43
enko shimashita
breakdown
kosho
breakdown service
brochure broken
FGHIJK LMN
kowareta
panfretto
44
English Japanese
rekka-sha
breakfast
choshoku
OPQRS
brooch
TUVW XY Z
burochi kyodai
brother
dorobo ni hairaremashita
breast
chibusa hashi
bridge (over river) brief
[\]^ _
`ab
ABCDEFGHIJKLBr
briefcase
!"#$
(colour) azayaka (na)
brother-in-law
cdefg hijk
giri no kyodai
%&'()*+
brilliant bring
,-./0
subarashi
lmnopqr stuv
12345>
kaeshi ni kimasu Eikoku
789:;<=>
Britain
wxyz{| }~
daboku-sho
?@
brown bruise
cha-iro (no)
British (adj)
ABCDE
Eikoku (no)
burashi
bus
<=
basu
English Japanese
Buddha
>?@ABCDE FGHIJK
Buddhism
Buddhist (adj)
(noun) Bukkyoto
buffet car
LMNOPQRST UVWXYZ[
what time is the last bus?
shokudosha uba-guruma
\]^_`abcd ef
ABCDEFGHIJKLBu
biru shinkansen
dialogue
does this bus go to ...?
bullet train
bunk
shindai ryogae-jo
bureau de change
!"#
burglary
$%&'() *+,
yakedo
oshikomi-goto
gh ij kl
shigoto
burn (noun)
(company) kaisha
business card
-./012
wa kogete imasu
meishi
kore
business hotel
3456789:;
bijinesu-hoteru
mnopqrs
45
tuvwxy z{
bijinesu-man
written by ...
shutcho kyaria-uman
by the window
46
English Japanese
by the sea
|}~
basu-tei basuto
basu-taminaru
by Thursday
bye
made ni
!"#$ %&'(
dewa mata
Im busy tomorrow
C
cabin (on ship)
but
)*
senshitsu
ABCDEFGHIJKLBu
butchers butter
niku-ya
bata botan
keburu-ka
button buy
kaimasu
cake
doko de
by: by car
ga kaemasu ka?
:;<=
keki-ya
>?@AB
lunar calendar
kuruma de
CD
by bus
basu de
shimasu
EFGHI
whats it called?
calligraphy
JKLMNOP QRSTU
he/she is called ...
shodo bideo-kamera
English Japanese
camcorder camera
kamera
kare/kanojo wa to imasu
please call the doctor
VWXYZ[\] ^_`
isha o
kamera-ya
kanzume
a can of beer
kyamp-jo
abcdef ghij
please give me a call at 7.30am tomorrow ashita
yonde kudasai
kan-biru -koto ga
klmnopqrs tuvwxyz
please ask him to call me
dekimasu ka?
can I have ...?
ABCDEFGHIJKLCa
I cant ... -koto ga dekimasen
{|}~
call back: Ill call back later
(phone back) ato de mata denwa shimasu
Canada
./0123
456789:;
canal
<=
47
cancel
torikeshimasu
chushajo
48
English Japanese
koi-nobori rentaka kyakusha
jutan
canoeing
kanuingu kankiri
ninjin
biniru-bukuro
mochimasu
carry-cot
keitai-yo bebi-beddo
ABCDEFGHIJKLCa
by car
`a
pakku animeshon
carton
bcd efg
genkin
hijklm
cardphone careful
nopqr stuv
be careful!
kado-denwa
chuibukai ki o tsukete!
wxyz{|
carp
}~
koi
./
kaikei
cash dispenser
genkin-jido-shiharaiki
0123456
cassette
|}
centimetre central centre
English Japanese
789:
kasetto
~
chushin chushin (no)
senchi-metoru
cassette recorder
kasetto-rekoda
castle
;<=>?@ABC D
shiro
casualty department
kyukyubyoto
EFGH
cat
cereal
ikimasu ka?
IJ
neko tsukamaemasu
shikiten
opening ceremony
konfureku
catch
KLMNO
ceremony
kaikaishiki
ABCDEFGHIJKLCh
certainly
tea ceremony
chakai
tashika ni
CD shi-di ceiling
certificate chair
stuvw xy z{
tenjo bochi sesshi
isu
shomeisho
cemetery
torikaemasu
centigrade
49
50
English Japanese
!"
kigaemasu
WXYZ[
character (written)
\] ^_
kanji
charge (noun)
ryokin
#$%&'()*+ ,-./0
where do I change trains?
torikaete kudasai
`abcd
charge card cheap
efghijkl mn
yasui
do you have anything cheaper? mo sukoshi
kurejitto-kado
123456789 :;<=>?
I dont have any change
yasui
no wa arimasu ka?
kozeni ga arimasen
@ABCDEFG
can you give me change for a 1,000-yen note?
opqrstu vwxyz{| }~
kogitte (bill) seikyusho (in restaurant, bar etc) okanjo
could I have the check, please? okanjo o onegai
ABCDEFGHIJKLCh
HIJKLMNO PQRSTUV
dialogue
shimasu
shirabemasu
check (verb)
wa narimasen ka?
yes, change at Tokyo/no, its a direct train hai,
chekku-in
check-in
check in
chewing gum
chekku-in shimasu
,-./0123 45
toriniku mizuboso
chuingam
English Japanese
cheek (on face)
6789: ;<
kodomo
children
ho
=>?@
child minder
cheerio!
chizu
bai-bai! kampai!
AB
puru
childrens pool
CDEFGH
childrens portion
okosama-yo
yakkyoku
IJKL
chin
ABCDEFGHIJKLCh
kogitte
MN
china
sakuranbo sakura
OPQR ST
China
Chinese (adj)
sakura no ki chesu
UVWXY
chess (Western)
Z[\]^_`
(US) poteto-chippu
(Japanese) shogi
chest
abcdef
chocolate
mune kuri
ghijkl
milk chocolate
chokoreto
chestnut
*+
miruku-chokoreto
mnopqrstu
51
plain chocolate
burakku-chokoreto
a hot chocolate
"#$%&'
city
52
English Japanese
vwxyz{|}~
choose
()
city centre
kokoa
*+,
clean (adj)
erabimasu hashioki
-./012
3456789
kore o kirei ni shite kuremasen ka?
hashi
Kurismasu
:;<=>?@AB CDEFGHI
cleaning solution (for contact lenses) kontakuto-renzu-yo
merry Christmas!
Meri-Kurismasu!
Christmas Eve
Kurismasu-Ibu
church cider cigar
kyokai ringoshu
JKLMNOPQR STUVW
cleansing lotion
kurina
ABCDEFGHIJKLCh
kurenjing-roshon
clear
cigarette
hijklm
clever client cliff
cigarette lighter
!
eiga en
nopq rst u
gake irainin
cinema circle
climbing
vw
tozan
clinic shinryojo
xyz
cloudy
English Japanese
cloakroom clock
{|}~
tokei
kuroku
close (verb)
shimarimasu
chokyori-basu
dialogue
what time do you close?
!"
kaigan
on the coast
basu-taminaru
basu-ryoko
#$% &'(
engan ni koto
ABCDEFGHIJKLCo
(jacket) jaketto
coathanger
)*+,./01 2345
code (for phoning)
hanga
shimatta
shigai-kyokban
cloth (fabric)
nunoji
clothes (Western)
yofuku
coffee
kohi
(Japanese) kimono
kohi
53
HIJKLMNO PQRSTU
coin Coke kola
comb come
54
English Japanese
kushi
VW
kimasu
XYZ [\] ^_
Im cold
dialogue
where do you come from?
cold
`abc
hikimashita
collar
I have a cold
defghijk lm
eri atsumemasu o
modotte kimasu
ABCDEFGHIJKLCo
collect
nopq
hairimasu yuttari shita
comfortable comic book
rstuvwxyz
collect call college
tori ni kimashita
{|}~
daigaku iro
korekuto-koru
manga
compact disc
kompakuto-disuku
company (business)
colour
kaisha
compare
arimasu ka?
kara-firumu
!"
kurabemasu
koshitsu
colour film
compass
#$%&
consulate
efg
ryojikan renraku
English Japanese
complain
'()*+,./
I have a complaint
contact (verb)
shimasu
complaint
hijkl
kontakuto-renzu
contact lenses
kujo ga
0123456
completely
arimasu
mnopqrst
contract
789
kanzen ni
uv
keiyaku tsugo no i
computer concert
kompyuta
convenient (time)
wxyz{ |}~
IJKLM NO
cook (verb)
ABCDEFGHIJKLCo
conference
not cooked
ryori shimasu
conference room
PQR
cooker cookie
hannama (na)
confirm
STUVW
renji
congratulations!
XYZ[\]
setsuzokubin
suzushi koruku
bisuketto
cool
connecting flight
^_` ab cd
cork
corkscrew
setsuzoku
constipation
machikado ni
koruku-nuki
bempi
55
in the corner
sumi ni
TUVWXYZ[\
I couldnt ... koto wa dekimasen deshita
56
English Japanese
cornflakes
!"
tadashi roka keshohin hiyo
konfureku
]^_`abcde fgh i
kuni (countryside) inaka
country (nation)
cosmetics
#$% &'
jkl mno
countryside
inaka
cost (noun)
()*+,-./
how much does it cost?
futatsu
courier course
0123456
cot
789:;< =>
momen dasshimen
bebi-beddo
ABCDEFGHIJKLCo
of course
cotton
z{|}
chigaimasu
cousin crab
of course not
cotton wool
?@A BC DE
~
kani kurakka itoko
couchette
cough (noun)
cough medicine
FGHI
mingeihin-ten shototsu-jiko
kuremasen ka?
JKLMNOPQ RS
could I have ...?
crash (noun)
kuremasen ka?
shototsu-jiko ni aimashita
crazy
#$%&'(
crockery
English Japanese
kurimu
muchu (na)
)*+ ,-
tojiki
odan
cream
creche
takuji-sho kurejitto-kado
./0
jujiro
crowd
credit card
1234 567
crowded
!"
dialogue
can I pay by credit card?
89:; <=
kokai
crutches
>?@
cry (verb)
ABCDEFGHIJKLCu
cucumber cup
ka?
Mastercard/Visa
hitotsu kudasai
cupboard
LMNOPQRST UVWX YZ
oshire (with shelves) todana
curly
kari-hea (no)
curtains
poteto-chippu
57
cushion
hijkl
floor cushion
kusshon zabuton
kowashite shimaimashita
58
English Japanese
mnop
custom
qr s
damn! damp
customer Customs
tu
dance (noun)
cut (noun)
vwx
(verb) odorimasu
/0123
(verb) kirimasu
yz{|
456789:; <=>
abunai Demmaku (no) koi
Danish (adj)
shimaimashita
}~
saikurisuto saikuringu naifu-foku-rui
ABCDEFGHIJKLCu
cutlery
?@ABCDEF GH IJ
(hair) kuroi
cycling cyclist
D
daily
KLMNOPQRS
kyo wa nannichi desu ka?
damage (verb)
damaged
TUVWXYZ[ \]
Getsuyobi ni shimasho
lets make a date for next Monday raishu no
kowareta
sumimasen, kore o
^_`abcd efghi
musume
shinda
dead deaf
gokigenyo!
English Japanese
klmn opqr
higaeri-ryoko
giri
torihiki
mimi ga kikoenai
stuvwx yz{
at dawn
deal (business)
dawn
yoake yoake ni
|}~
day
!"# $
shi kafein
hi sono tsugi no
death
decaffeinated coffee
hi
%&'()*+ ,-./0
December
nuki no kohi
ABCDEFGHIJKLDe
assatte hi
123
Junigatsu
sono mae no
decide
4567
kimemasu mada
kimete imasen
decision
ototoi
every day
89:;<=>?@ AB
kettei dekki
mainichi
all day
ichinichi-ju
CDE
deckchair deep
FGHIJK LM
fukai
dekki-chea
futsuka-inai ni
59
definitely
NOPQRSTUV WX
definitely not
desu
no that one ie, sore desu here? koko desu ka? yes hai dentures
60
English Japanese
mattaku
YZ[\]^_`
degree
chigaimasu do
deodorant
department
(qualification) gakui
bc de
department store
departure
shuppatsu
fgh ijk
departure lounge
delicatessen
shuppatsu-raunji yorimasu
delicious deliver
lmnopqr stuvw xy
haitatsu Denmaku
totemo oishi
depend: it depends
bai ni
ABCDEFGHIJKLDe
haitatsu shimasu
it depends on ...
ni
delivery
yorimasu
Denmark
z{|}~
haisha
hoshokin
dentaru-furosu
setsumei
dialogue
its this one here koko no kore desu this one? kore desu ka?
!"#$ %&'(
dessert
destination
)*+
develop
,-./0
genzo shimasu
OPQ
diarrhoea
English Japanese
RS
geri
dialogue
could you develop these films? kono firumu o
arimasu ka? genzo shite kuremasen ka? yes, certainly hai, genzo desu ne
when will they be ready?
TUVWXYZ[\ ]^ _` ab cd
techo (for personal experiences) nikki
dictionary didnt*
jisho
itsu dekiagarimasu ka? tomorrow afternoon ashita no gogo desu sabisu wa ikura desu ka?
diabetic (noun) how much is the four-hour service? yojikan no
efghijkl
-masen deshita
ABCDEFGHIJKLDi
mnop
daietto
diesel
tonyobyo-kanja
qrstuv wxyz{
Im on a diet
dizeru-sha
12345
diabetic foods
diet
tonyobyo-kanja-yo shokuhin
dial (verb)
daietto-chu
6789:;<= >?@ABCD
shigai-kyokuban daiyaru shimasu
dialling code
|}~
I have to follow a special diet shokuji-seigen ga
desu
arimasu
chigai chigai
whats the difference?
EFGH
diamond diaper
difference
IJKLMN
omutsu
daiyamondo
61
different
chigau kore wa
62
English Japanese
-. /0
chigaimasu teburu
difficult
a different table
chigau
denwa-bango-annai
muzukashi shokudo yushoku
123456
dirt
78 9:
yogore kitanai
dirty
dining room
shintai-shogai-sha
;<=>?
shokuji o
direct (adj)
shimasu
choksetsu (no)
ABCDEFGHIJKLDi
nakunarimasu
direction
nakunarimashita
disappointed
TUVWXYZ [\]^_`
saigai kore wa gakkari sh(i(ta
disappointing disaster
dotchi
!"
is it in this direction?
abcdefgh ij
this is a disaster
#$%&'()*
director (section chief)
kono
hidoi desu
disco
+,
kacho
klmnopqr stuv
disuko
discount
wx
waribiki waribiki
memai ga
English Japanese
is there a discount?
do (verb)
shimasu
ni narimasu ka?
disease
yz{|}~
byoki iya (na)
!"#
shimasho ka?
ryori (plate) sara
$%&'()*+,
how do you do it?
-./01234 5678
will you do it for me?
surundesu ka?
soshite
disuku
disposable diapers/nappies
9:;<=>?@A BC
dialogue
how do you do?
kuremasen ka?
kami-omutsu
ABCDEFGHIJKLDo
distance
in the distance
district
disturb
do not disturb
o-aidekite ureshides what do you do? (work) oshigoto wa nan desu ka?
Im a teacher, and you?
kudasai
mawari-michi rikon shita
diversion (detour)
divorced
nani
63
document
WX Y
shorui
64
English Japanese
dog doll
Z[
ocha wa
domestic flight
\]^ _`a
dont!*
dame! yoshinasai!
bcdefg hi j
DE
isha isha ga
we need a doctor
hitsuyo desu
FGHIJKL
please call a doctor
ABCDEFGHIJKLDo
isha o
yonde kudasai
MNOPQR STUV
kl
(patterned) fusuma
mno
doorman doorway
pqrs tu vw
doaman
dialogue
doko ga itai desu ka? right here koko desu does that hurt now? kore wa itai desu ka? yes hai
where does it hurt? take this to the chemist
genkan
double
double bed
xyz{|} ~
double room
donattsu
down: down here
dream (noun)
kono shita
yume
English Japanese
desu
dress (noun)
789
doresu fuku
soko
ni oite kudasai
its down there on the right
o kimasu
:;<=> ?@A BC DE
gaun nomimono
FGHI JKLM
a cold drink
downstairs
shita
ABCDEFGHIJKLDr
dozen
half a dozen
nomimono
NOPQR
can I get you a drink?
draught beer
!"#$
STUVWXYZ [\
ka?
sukima-kaze ga hairimasu
%&'()*+, -.
drawer
]^_`abcd
no thanks, I dont drink
/01 2
e
hikidashi
drawing dreadful
345
hidoi
66
English Japanese
mizu o kudasai
drinking water
xyz{|} ~
$%&'(
dry-cleaners
inryosui kore
)*+,-./
kurining-ya
we drove here
012345678 9:;<=
densha wa itsu kuru hazu desu ka?
kimashita
>?@ABCDEF GHIJ
dull (pain)
okutte
ikimasu
untenshu
KLMN
zuki-zuki
driver
OPQRST UVWXY
dummy (babys) during dust
ABCDEFGHIJKLDr
(uninteresting) tsumaranai
driving licence
unten-menkyo-sho
kudasai
oshaburi
no aida ni
kusuri mayaku
dustbin dusty
gomibako
drug (medicine)
drugs (narcotics)
ijklmn opqr
Oranda (no)
hokorippoi
Dutch (adj)
!"#
kawaita
yopparatta
duty-free (goods)
menzei(hin)
stuvw
duty-free shop
Easter
menzeihin-ten
xyz{
duvet
English Japanese
|}~
kakebuton
tabemasu yasashi
E
each (every)
sorezore (no)
watashitachi wa mo tabemashita
mimi mimi
earache: I have earache
!"#$%&'( )*+
eau de toilette
o-do-toware kurasu
eel
,-./01
economy class
ekonomi-
ga itai desu
early
ABCDEFGHIJKLEl
hayai asa
early in the morning
egg
sakihodo mo ukagaimashita
I called by earlier earrings
hayaku
ka
higashi higashi ni iyaringu jishin
@ABC
either of them
DEFG
elbow
dochiraka
earthquake east
HI
electric
JKLMN
denki-kigu
electrical appliances
in the east
OPQR
67
electrician
STU VW
denki-ya denki
Empress of Japan
68
English Japanese
Kogo-
electricity elevator
Heika
empty
XYZ[\]
nani ka
erebeta
kara (no) owari sono
end (noun)
hoka no mono
^_`abcd
somewhere else
doko ka
michi no tsukiatari ni
hoka no tokoro
efghijklm
when does it end?
itsu owari
dialogue
would you like anything else? hoka ni nani ka
engaged (toilet)
masu ka?
shiyo-chu
irimasu ka?
no, nothing else, thanks
ie,
ABCDEFGHIJKLEl
nopqr stu vw
taishikan kinkyu kinkyu
i-meru
enjin
embassy
English (adj)
emergency
(language) Eigo
this is an emergency!
desu!
xyz{ |}~
Heika
emergency exit
hijoguchi
Eigo
ga hanasemasu ka?
!"#$%&'()
WXYZ[\
equipment
English Japanese
tanoshimimasu
*+,-.
dialogue
]^ _`
setsubi
abcd efg
machigai toku ni
especially essential
hijkl
wa hitsuyo desu
Europe Yoroppa
mnopqrstu vwxyz
(no)
/0123
enormous enough
hiki-nobashi
456789 :;
jubun
theres not enough
totemo oki
{|}~
even if ...
ABCDEFGHIJKLEv
demo
<=>?@
chisasugimasu
thats enough
tarimasen
evening
moshi demo
ABCDEF
desu
yugata
this evening
sore de jubun
komban yoru ni
GHIJKLM NOP QR
iriguchi (of house) genkan
entrance
yushoku
envelope epileptic
STUV
futo
tsui ni
...-masen
tenkan-kanja
69
dialogue
have you ever been to Hiroshima? Hiroshima
except
=>?@
igai wa
70
English Japanese
excess baggage
choka-tenimotsu
ABCDE
exchange rate exciting
ryogae-reto
omoshiroi
every
every day
subete no mainichi
everyone
UVWXYZ
everything
ABCDEFGHIJKLEv
shiken rei
tenrankai
example
deguchi
"#$%
tatoeba
&'()*
subarashi
+,-./01 23456
excellent!
opqrstuvw xyz{|}
expensive
experienced explain
789:;<
subarashi!
setsumei shimasu
can you explain that?
express (mail)
!"#$% &'()
eyeglasses (US: spectacles)
English Japanese
sokutatsu
(train) tokkyu
extension (telephone)
megane
eyeliner
*+,
naisen
-./012
ai-meku-otoshi
ai-raina
encho-kodo
3456789
eye shadow
:;<=>?
ai-shado
extension lead
ABCDEFGHIJKLFa
F
face
moraemasen ka?
do you charge extra for that?
@A
kao masuku
BCD EF GH
factory
kojo kashi
me totemo
ki o ushinaimasu
shes fainted
extremely eye
IJKLMN OPQRSTUVW X
kanojo wa ki o ushinaimashita
71
fura-fura shimasu
fantastic far
toi
subarashi
72
English Japanese
dialogue
is it far from here? koko kara toi desu ka? no, not very far ie, amari toku nai desu well, how far? dono kurai desu ka? its about 20 kilometres nijukkiro kurai desu fare
fghij
fairly (quite)
klmnop qrs
kanari
fake (adj)
tuvwx y
in the fall
z{
aki ni
ryokin
ABCDEFGHIJKLFa
fall (verb)
|}~
shes had a fall
korobimasu kanojo wa
ryokinbako
nojo
korobimashita
false (not true) family
kazoku yumei (na) sempuki machigatta
farm
fashionable fast
hayai futotta
oshare (na)
famous
(handheld) sensu (sports) fan
fat (person)
!"#
fan (electrical)
$%&' (
chichi
)*+,
giri
English Japanese
-./0
(someone elses) giri no oto-san
faucet
no chichi
1234567 89:
jaguchi
Im feeling better
zutto i
desu
hei fensingu
;<=>?@ABC DEFGH
its not my fault
Japanese fencing
IJKLMNOP QRS
faulty
ferry
kendo
omatsuri tsurete
feri
ABCDEFGHIJKLFe
TUVWXYZ
fakksu
festival
favourite
[\]^_`ab cdefg
(verb) fakksu o okurimasu
fetch (person)
kimasu
fax (noun)
hijklmno pq
February
kimasho
kare o yonde
rs
Nigatsu
will you come and fetch me later? atode mukae ni kite
feel
tuvw
I feel hot
xyz{
I feel unwell
kuremasen ka?
!"#$
netsuppoi
|}~
nai desu
feverish
73
few: a few
%&' ()*
arimasu ka?
yes, how many exposures?
74
English Japanese
+,.
konyakusha
hatake kenka
gh
genzo
final (adj)
fight (noun)
/01
ijklm nopqr
I cant find it Ive found it
fill in
23456
kinyu shimas
find (verb)
stuvwxy z{|}~
find out
mitsukemashita
fill up
ippai ni shimas
shirabemasu
ABCDEFGHIJKLFe
ippai ni
MNOPQRS TUVW
filling (in cake, sandwich)
shite kudasai
fine (weather)
XYZ
nakami
hareta
[\]^_`
film (movie)
ab
dialogue
how are you?
cdef
dialogue
ogenki desu
ka?
Im fine, thanks
okagesama de
is that OK?
sore de i desu
ka?
kekko desu
finger
e,
fireworks
34
hanabi
English Japanese
first
56789
I was first
saisho (no)
watashi ga saki
finish (verb)
deshita
at first
:;<=>? @AB
saisho ni hajimete hidarigawa
the first time
when does it finish?
owatte imasen
CDEF
no saisho
first aid
itsu
owarimasu ka?
fire (in hearth)
hi (blaze) kaji
okyu-te-ate kyukyubako
fire!
first-aid kit
ABCDEFGHIJKLFi
kaji da!
TUVWX
gurinsha
YZ[\]^_`
first-class ticket (train) gurinsha joshaken
(plane) fasuto-kurasu
its on fire fire alarm
abcdefgh
(plane) fasuto-kurasu chiketto ni-kai
!"#$
fire brigade
kaji desu
kasai-hochiki shobotai
ijklmnopq rst
first floor
fire escape
hijoguchi shokaki
uv wx yz
(US) ikkai
first name
fire extinguisher
namae
75
fish (noun)
{|} ~
sakana sakana-ya
!"#$%&'( )*+
flavour flea
76
English Japanese
,./ 01 23 45 6 7
fumi
hossa
fitting room
flight
kozui yuka
naosemasu ka?
(storey) kai
on the floor
fizzy
89 :; <
flower
yuka ni
ABCDEFGHIJKLFi
florists
hana-ya
fizzy orange
jusu
flag
hata taoru furashu apato
hana ikebana
flower arranging
=>?
flu
flannel
@ABCDEF
na Nihon-go o hanashimasu
infuruenza
(adj) taira (na)
GHIJKLMNO PQRS
fly (noun)
TU
hae
(verb) tobimasu
VWXY
can we fly there?
hikoki de
ka?
English Japanese
Z[\]^_`a bc
fog
ikemasu ka?
dialogues
whos the tempura for?
kiri kiri ga dete tempura wa dochira desu ka? thats for me watashi desu and this one? kore wa dochira desu ka? thats for her kanojo desu
where do I get the bus for Shinjuku? Shinjuku-iki
efghijk
food (in
imasu
lmn opq rs
general) tabemono
shokuchudoku
tuv
ABCDEFGHIJKLFo
food shop/store
shokuryohin-ten
wxyz {
on foot
ashi
|}~
aruite sakka
football (game)
(ball) sakka-boru
footwarmer
kotatsu
for: do you have something for ...? (headache/diarrhoea etc)
isshukan ni narimasu
77
forehead foreign
odeko
fandeshon
78
English Japanese
Z[\]^_`a bc
funsui (for drinking) kyusuiki
fountain (ornamental)
def
foyer
mori wasuremasu
ghi jk
kossetsu Furansu tada, muryo muryo
robi
"#$%
wasurete shimaimashita
fork
&'()*+,-. /012
(in road) bunkiten fok
lmno
pqrst
345
desu ka?
freeway freezer
form (document)
67
yoshi
uvwxyz {|}~
reitoko
kosokudoro
ABCDEFGHIJKLFo
formal
89:;<
seishiki (na)
(dress) aratamatta
fortnight
French (adj)
(language) Furansu-go
Furansu (no)
unyoku
tabitabi (no)
furenchi-furai
kuremasen ka?
forwarding address
tenso saki
foundation (make-up)
Kinyobi reizoko
shinsen (na)
English Japanese
Im from Manchester
in front
!"
medamayaki chahan
itameta
KL
no mae ni
MNOPQR
at the front
ST
frost
mae de
friendly from
#$%&' ()
kara
frozen fruit
VWXY Z[\]
ippai
kudamono
ABCDEFGHIJKLFu
^_`abcde fghi
its full of ...
frutsu-jusu
*+,-./012 3456789:
from Monday to Friday
de ippai
desu
jklmnopq
Im full
;<=>?@AB
from next Thursday
CDEFGHI
dialogue
where are you from?
Mokyobi kara
tsugi no
rstuvwxy z{
full board
|}~
ososhiki
79
funny (strange)
okashi
(match) shiai
80
English Japanese
(amusing) omoshiroi
furniture
gasorin-
kagu
further
motto toku
sutando
!"#$ %&
garden
dialogue
'
niwa
garlic gas
ninniku
./01
gas permeable lenses
ABCDEFGHIJKLFu
sanso-toka-sei kontakutorenzu
shorai
in future
hyuzu
23456789: ;<=>
gas station (US)
gasorin-
sutando
gate
?@ABCDEF G
mon (at airport) geto
kore kara
G
gallon
HIJ
gay
KL
garon gemu
gay bar
MNOP
QR
general (adj) gents toilet
ippan-teki (na)
dansei-yo toire
would you like? ie, kore wa watashi mochi desu, nani ga i desu ka? a beer, please biru kudasai get back (return)
English Japanese
modorimasu
defghi jkl
Doitsu
Doitsu (no)
orimasu
tochaku shimasu
get (fetch)
mnopqr
te ni iremasu
doko de
norimasu orimasu
moraemasu ka?
stuvwxyz {|}~
do you know where I can get them? sore wa dokode te ni
ABCDEFGHIJKLGi
jin
gift
okimasu
okurimono gifuto-shoppu
hairimasu ka?
!"
dialogue
can I get you a drink?
girl
81
girlfriend give
3456789 :;<=
agemasu
garu-furendo
go
ikimasu
82
English Japanese
>?@ABCDEF GHIJK
I gave it to him sore wa kare ni watashimashita
kuremasen ka?
where are you going?
doko e
LMNOPQRS TUV
will you give this to ...?
ikundesu ka?
where does this bus go?
kore
WXYZ[\]^_ `abcdef
give back glad
lets go!
ABCDEFGHIJKLGi
kaeshimasu
hamburger to go
hambaga o
teiku-auto de garasu
glass (material)
!"#
I went there last week
wain o
ippai
uvwxyz {|} ~
megane tebukuro setchaku-zai
senshu
glue (noun)
soko e ikimashita
$%&'()*
+,go away
ghij
good
English Japanese
!"#$%
go away!
kl
good!
mnopq
its no good
yokatta!
./01
kaerimasu shita e
desu
rstuvwx yz{|} ~
(informal) dewa mata (between friends) ja ne
ikimasu
go in
goodbye (formal)
shimasu
gozaimasu
komban wa
DEFGHIJKL MN
go through
Sei-Kinyobi
ABCDEFGHIJKLGo
good morning
OPQRST UVWXYZ [\
kami-sama goguru
torinukemasu ue e
ohayo
good night (when leaving)
ikimasu
God
osaki
ni
goggles gold
]^_` a
kin
mo ikanakereba narimasen
goldfish
bc
kingyo
have you got any ...?
golf
def
gorufu gorufu-jo
golf course
83
government
seifu
LMNOP
a great success
subarashi
84
English Japanese
gradually
dandan guramu
QRSTUVW XYZ [\
greedy Great Britain
gram(me)
Eikoku
]^_`abc defghij
midori (no)
yokubari (na)
sofu
!"#$%
sobo
klmnop qrstu
jidosha-hoken
&'
greengrocers
()*+, -./
grapefruit grapes grass
vwx
yao-ya
ABCDEFGHIJKLGo
grey
yz{|}
magomusuko
grilled
~
jimen
0123
budo
grocers ground
shokuryohin-ten
456789:; <=> ?
kusa ureshi
gurepu-frutsu
on the ground
group
jimen ni
ground floor
ikkai
grateful gravy
@ABC
DEFGHIJK
gurebi-sosu
gurupu hosho
guarantee (noun)
is it guaranteed?
hosho-
(womens) biyoin
English Japanese
guest
456
hairdryer hair gel
okyaku-sama
789:; <=>
jeru
doraiya
hairgrips
gaido
?@AB
hambun
heya-pin heya-supure
hair spray
guidebook
CDEFGH IJ
half an hour
half
guided tour
ju
KLM
han-jikan
half a litre
NOPQR
about half that
han-rittoru sono
(pistol) pisutoru
!"#$
gym
hambun kurai
half board
ABCDEFGHIJKLHa
STUVWXY
asayu-nishoku-tsuki
%&
jimu
Z[\]^_
half-bottle half fare
H
hair
`abcde fg
hangaku hangaku
hafu-botoru
'
half-price
hairbrush
()* +,
(no)
ham
hijkl mn
hamu hambaga
haircut (mans)
(womans) heya-katto
-./01 23
hamburger hand
opqrst u
te
hairdressers (mens)
toko-ya
85
handbag
vwxyz{
happy
ureshi
86
English Japanese
handbrake
|}~
handkerchief
harbour hard
NOP
tenimotsu
(difficult) muzukashi
QRSTU
hard-boiled egg
futsukayoi
Ive got a hangover
hanguraidingu
katayude-tamago
hard lenses
VWXYZ[\
hardly: I hardly ever ...
]^_`abcd
hotondo -masen
I hardly ever go
hado-kontakuto
futsukayoi desu
happen
ABCDEFGHIJKLGr
okorimasu do natte
whats happening?
efghijklm
metta ni ikimasen
imasu ka?
nopqrstuv
!"#$%&'( )*
wxyz{|}~
kirai desu mochimasu boshi kanamono-ya
+,-./0123
nani ga
456789:; <=
attandesu ka?
o moratte mo i desu ka?
can I have a ...? can we have some ...?
01
headlights
English Japanese
do you have ...?
headphones
healthy (person)
(food) karada ni i
hear
123456 789:;
o motte
imasu ka?
whatll you have (to drink)?
dialogue
can you hear me?
-nakute wa
kikoemasu ka?
I cant hear you, could you repeat that? kikoemasen,
I have to leave now
narimasen
ABCDEFGHIJKLHe
-nakute wa narimasen ka?
do I have to ...?
mo ikanakute wa narimasen
hearing aid
<=> ?@
hochoki
heart
shinzo shinzomahi
ABCD EF GH
atsusa
hayfever he*
dambo
head
-./
IJKL MN
dambo
headache
87
heavy
omoi kakato
domo arigato
helpful
88
English Japanese
to her
hepatitis her*
XYZ[\]^_ `abcdef gh ij
shincho (of object) takasa
with her for her
kanojo (o)
kanojo ni kanojo to
ni
helicopter hello
herikopta
kanojo no tame
thats her
!"#$
kanojo desu
ABCDEFGHIJKLHe
herumetto
help (noun)
z{|}~
help!
%&'()*+ ,-./
her ...
kyoryoku
0123
kanojo no
(verb) tetsudaimasu
tasukete!
tetsudatte
kuremasen ka?
thank you very much for your help tetsudatte kurete
here
HI
koko
wa koko
desu
JKLMNO
here you are (offering)
hip
English Japanese
PQRSTU
hers*
dozo
hai,
for hire
oshiri
hire
VWX
thats hers
no desu
hey!
his*
kare no
lmnopq rstu v
oka kare (o) kare ni kare to
thats his
ABCDEFGHIJKLHo
kosokudoro
sore wa kare no
desu
!"
shumi mochimasu hitchi-haiku
hitch-hike hobby
him*
wxyz
to him
{| }~
#$%& '( )*
ana
thats him
holiday
yasumi yasumi de
on holiday
+,Holland
atte imasen
./01
Oranda
89
home
23
uchi uchi de
vw
hospitality
90
English Japanese
456
xyz{|
omotenashi
789:
we go home tomorrow
}~
hot
;<=>?@ABC DEF
honey
atsui
(spicy) karai
GHIJ KLMN
kibo
Im hot
honeymoon
desu
OPQRS TU
I hope so
hotel
ABCDEFGHIJKLHo
hope
VWXYZ[\]^
I hope not
so da to i desu ne so de nai to i
hoteru
(Japanese-style) ryokan
hotel room hot spring
_`abcdef ghi
hopefully horrible horse
desu ne
onsen jikan ie
hoteru no heya
jklm
uma
dekireba
hour
nopqr s
osoroshi
house
hovercraft
horse riding
tu
joba
!"#$%&' ()
do
how many?
hoba-kurafuto
how
hospital
byoin
ikutsu?
[\]
hurry up! hurt (verb)
English Japanese
hajimemashite
./0123
dialogues
how are you?
^_`abcde fghi
itamimasu totemo
it really hurts
isoide kudasai!
jklmnop qr
shujin (someone elses) goshujin
stu
hydrofoil
my husband
ikura desu
vwxyz {|}~
uchi no shujin
ka?
520 yen
go-hyaku-ni-juja, sore o
suichu-yokusen
en desu
ABCDEFGHIJKLIc
Ill take it
kudasai
humid
I
I
4567
hungry
89:;<=>
are you hungry?
ice
onaka ga
with ice
sukimashita ka?
?@ABCDEFG HI JKLM
isogimasu isoide imasu isogu koto
Im in a hurry
desu
no ice, thanks
hurry (verb)
ice cream
NOPQRS
theres no hurry
no kon
aisu-kurimu aisu-kurimu
ice-cream cone
wa arimasen
TUVWXYZ
91
kangae hakuchi
aisu-kyandi
GHIJ
in: its in the centre
92
English Japanese
KLMNOPQRS TU VWXYZ[
in Sapporo
ill
I feel ill
\]^
in May
Sapporo ni
illness
byoki
_`a bcd
in English
mozohin
in Japanese
efgh
immediately
sugu
important
ijklmno
in five minutes
kara futsuka de
ABCDEFGHIJKLIc
pqr
is he in? incense
go-fun de
taisetsu desu
!"#$%&'
its not important
do demo i
stuvwxy z{
oko
inch
koto desu
|}~
inchi fukumimasu
impossible impressive
include
>?@ABCDEF
inconvenient incredible
injection
*+
chusha
English Japanese
fuben (na)
injured
,-./0
kega o shita
winka
ryokan chubu
indigestion
shokafuryo okunai-puru
=>?@ A
mushi
okunai
insect
insect bite
BCDE
mushi-sasare
inexpensive infection
tegoro (na)
ABCDEFGHIJKLIn
infectious
kudaketa joho
FGHIJKLMN OPQR
mushiyoke
insect repellent
inflammation informal
STU
no naka
hoteru
information
VWXYZ[
lets sit inside
suwarimasho
insist
naka ni
!"#$%&
information desk
\]^_`abcd efghij
I insist
iharimasu
'()
annaisho
klmno
if you insist
doka zehi
do shitemo to
93
iunara
pqrstu vwxy
instant coffee
intersection
94
English Japanese
z{|}~
kudasai
insutanto-kohi
kosaten kyukei-
jikan
into
ni
instead of ...
no kawari
ni
hoken atama ga i inshurin
introduce
insulin
insurance
intelligent
12345678 9: ;<=>?@A BC
shotai shotai shimasu seikyusho
o goshokai itashimasu
ABCDEFGHIJKLIn
ni kyomi ga arimasu
interesting
omoshiroi
thats very interesting sore wa totemo omoshiroi desu
invite
DEFGH IJK
invoice
kokusai-teki
LMNOPQ
(no)
international
Internet
(na)
tsuyaku
intanetto
RSTUVW XYZ
interpreter
[\]^_`abc
de
iron (for ironing)
English Japanese
fghi
airon
J
jacket
jamu
jaketto
jklmnopqr stuvwxyz{
is*
jam (preserve)
|}~
sore
desu shima
tsumatte imasu
January
(no) Ichigatsu
Japan
island it
it is ...
Nihon Nihon
is it ...?
Japanese (adj)
(noun) Nihon-jin
ABCDEFGHIJKLJa
it was ...
(language) Nihon-go
the Japanese Japanese food Japanese-style Japan Sea
zoge kayui desu Itaria
+,./ 01
ago jazu
Nihon-kai
bin
jazz
234
95
jeans
5678 9:;
kurage seta
jinzu
juice July
tuvwxyz{| }~
Shichigatsu jampu shimasu kosaten
fresshu-jusu
96
English Japanese
jump (verb)
jewellers jewellery
hoseki (no)
Rokgatsu dake
just (only) just two
IJKLMN OP
shigoto jogingu
jogging
QRSTU VW
jodan osenko
ABCDEFGHIJKLJe
joke
desu
XYZ [\
ryoko
ima tsuita
tokoro desu
]^_`abcde fg hi
judo mizusashi
!"#$%&'( )*
K
keep (verb)
jkl
a jug of water
mnopqrs
+,-./01
keep the change
kekko desu
23456789:;
can I keep it?
moratte mo i
sore wa
English Japanese
goshinsetsu ni
desu ka?
<=>?@ABCD EF
please keep it
dialogue
which kind do you want?
dozo omochi dochira ga i desu ka? I want this/that kind kono/ sono shurui ga hoshi desu
kiosk
kudasai
kiosuku kisu
kiss (noun)
kitchen
[ \ ] ^_`abcd efgh
keyring
daidokoro
ABCDEFGHIJKLKn
kite
ijklmn op qr
jinzo kiro kirometoru
kihoruda
tako tako-age
kidneys kilo
hiza
shotsu
tisshu-pepa
kilometre
stuvwx
knickers knife
naifu
arimasu ka?
yz{|}~
shinsetsu
knock (verb)
kaeshimasu
kind (generous)
97
(pedestrian) hanemasu
QRSTUV
lady
98
English Japanese
WX
josei raga-biru
kare
lager lake
know
wa kuruma ni haneraremashita
YZ[\]^ _
mizumi kohitsuji
lamb (meat)
!"#$%&
I dont know
shitte imasu
`a
lamp
'()*+
shirimasen
bcde fg hi jk
sutando shasen
lane (motorway)
,-./0123 456
kotoba
ni
ABCDEFGHIJKLKn
789:;<=>? @ABC
Korean (adj)
hairimasu ka?
lmn
language course
gogaku-kosu
large
DEFGH
Kankoku (no)
oki
L
label
last (final)
IJK LM
raberu shikki
|}
last Friday
lacquerware
Kinyobi
last night
~
yube
what time is the last train to Yokohama? Yokohama-iki
keshoshitsu
NOP
ladies wear
fujinfuku-uriba
late
9:;<=>?@A B
laugh (verb)
English Japanese
CDEF
waraimasu
osoi okurete
launderette, laundromat
koin-randori mono
sorry Im late
GHIJKLMN
laundry (clothes)
sumimasen
sentaku-
densha ga
OPQRST
(place) sentaku-ya
okuremashita
UVWXY
lavatory law
Z[\ ]^
toire
zuibun osoku narimashita
its getting late
horitsu shibafu
lawn
_`a bcd ef
ABCDEFGHIJKLLe
ato de ato de
Ill come back later
lawyer
bengoshi gezai
laxative lazy
later
ghijk lmn
namake-mono kodo
modotte kimasu
see you later later on
opqrst
tsujite imasu
45678
uvwxyz{ |}~
happa
99
leaflet
koko
100
English Japanese
leak (noun)
learn
shimasu
at least
naraimasu zenzen
./0123456 789:;
left
!"#$%&'() *+,-
<
on the left
leather
sukunaku-tomo
=> ?@
kawa shuppatsu
hidari e magatte
kudasai
shimasu
ABCDEF GHIJ
theres none left
ABCDEFGHIJKLLe
mo
arimasen
(forget) okiwasuremasu
KLMNOPQ RST
hidari-kiki (no)
left-handed
I am leaving tomorrow
ashita
he left yesterday
shuppatsu shimasu
tenimotsu-azukari-jo
UVWXYZ
leg
lemon
\]^
lemonade lend
_`abc defg
kashimasu
English Japanese
hijklmn opqrs
lens (of camera)
wa arimasu ka?
tuv
renzu
!" #$
futa uso o posuto retasu
lesbian less
wxyz{
less than
rezubian
|}~
ika sore hodo
less expensive
motto sukunaku
toshokan menkyo
licence lid
lesson
takaku nai
jugyo
Ill let you know
%&'()*+
lie down
tsukimasu
ABCDEFGHIJKLLi
yoko ni narimasu
oshirase
,-./01 234
kyumeitai raifu-gado kyumei-doi erebeta
shimasu
lifebelt
lifeguard
let off
56789: ;<=>
life jacket
oroshimasu
lift (elevator)
?@ABCD
could you give me a lift?
letter
EFGHIJKL MN
would you like a lift?
tegami
nosete
101
agemasho ka?
light (noun)
OPQRSTUVW XY Z[\ ]^
hikari (electric) denki (adj: not heavy) karui
I like you
anata ga suki
102
English Japanese
I dont like it
desu
suki ja
arimasen
ga suki
_`a
ka?
desu ka?
Id like a beer
bcdefghi jk
light green light bulb
Id like to go swimming
desu
lmnopqrs tu
denkyu
usu-midori (no)
ni ikitai desu
ABCDEFGHIJKLLi
would you like to go for a walk? sampo ni ikitaku
vwxyz{|} ~
lighter (cigarette)
raita
arimasen ka?
!"#$
whats it like?
lightning
I like it
do yu kanji
desu ka?
like (verb)
%&'()*+, -.
I want one like this
suki desu
no ga hoshi desu
lime
konna
!"#$%&'( )* +,raimu
line
sen
dialogue
doko ni sunde imasu ka? I live in London Rondon ni sunde imasu
where do you live? lively
English Japanese
/012345 6789
lips
kudasai
:;<= >?
z{|}~
kanzo (food) reba robi
iki-iki shita
lobster local
kikimasu
rittoru
ise-ebi
little
ABCDEFGHIJKLLo
hon no sukoshi
PQRSTUVWX YZ[
a little milk
imasu
miruku o hon
no sukoshi
\]^_`ab cde
a little bit more
shimedashimasu tojikomemasu
lock in
fghij
live (verb)
mo sukoshi
lock out
klmnop
we live together
sunde imasu
qrstuvwxy
wasuremashita
103
rokka
opqrs
look after look at
104
English Japanese
lollipop
nagai Rondon
kyandi
tuvwxy z{|
mimasu
sewa o shimasu
London long
look for
}~
sagashimasu o
sagashite imasu
look forward to
tanoshimi ni
!"#$%&'() *+,-./01
how long does it take?
Im looking forward to it
shimasu
dono
23456789 :;<=
a long time
yurui
lorry lose
>?@
nagai aida
ABCDEFGHIJKLLo
long-distance call
chokyori-denwa
torakku
ABCDE
nakushimasu
FGHIJKLM NOPQR
e ikitai no desu ga, mayotte shimaimashita
STUVWXYZ[ \]^_
look out!
`abcde
ki o tsuete!
Ive lost my bag
baggu o
fghijklmn
nakshimashita
lost property (office)
luck
un umaku ikimasu
English Japanese
ishitsubutsu-toriatsukai-jo
good luck!
yoni!
takusan
!"#$%&
a lot of people
BCDEFGH IJKL MN
nimotsu nimotsu-yo
luggage
luggage trolley
hito
kato
lunch
./01234
I like it a lot
OPQRST UV
chushoku
boxed lunch
56789:;
lotion loud
desu
WXYZ[
lungs
obento
roshon
ABCDEFGHIJKLMa
luxurious
]^_`abc
lounge
M
machine
love (noun)
*+,-.
I love Japan
de fg
kikai zasshi
magazine
/0123456
lovely
kyakushitsu-gakari
789:;< => ?@
yasui (bridge) hikui
hij
low (prices)
klmn op
maiden name
kyusei
105
mail (noun)
qr
yubin
Malaysia
-./01
(no)
Mareshia Mareshia
106
English Japanese
stuvw
Malaysian (adj)
23456789
man
xyz{|}~
mailbox main
:;< =>? @A
otoko no hito
posuto
main course
no honkyok
BCD
main road
odori
EFGHIJKL MNOPQRS TU
ABCDEFGHIJKLMa
mains switch
dengen shurui
manyuaru (no)
many
VWXYZ[\] ^_`abcd
not many
(verb) tsukurimasu
takusan (no)
nani de
efghijk
map
amari ok nai
lm
chizu rosenzu
!"#$%&'( )* +,
network map
nop
March
make-up
qr
Sangatsu magarin
margarine
stuvw
market
May
xy z{
ichiba
Gogatsu
English Japanese
|}~
mamaredo kekkon
!"#$%&'() *+,-./0
may I come in?
married: Im married
haitte mo i
shite imasu
desu ka?
kekkon
12345678 9:
may I see it? mite
martial arts
mo i desu
budo
;<=>?@ABC
may I sit here? koko ni suwatte mo i desu ka?
ka?
mascara
masukara massaji
ABCDEFGHIJKLMe
maybe
tatami shiai
mayonnaise me*
TUVWX YZ[\
watashi (o)
material (fabric)
]^_`abc
okutte
demo i desu
kudasai
me too
do
defghij kl
watashi mo gohan, shokuji
mattress
meal
mnopqr
107
dialogue
did you enjoy your meal?
medium-dry
chu kurai no
108
English Japanese
midiamu-rea
medium-rare
(no)
nice to meet you
medium-sized
do
stuvwxyz{|
meet
aimasu
dialogue
what does this word mean? kono kotoba it means ... in English
hajimemashite
wa Eigo
de aimasho ka?
meeting
doko
shukai (business) kaigi
ABCDEFGHIJKLMe
de to iu imi desu
measles
}~
hashika fushin
meeting place
machi-awase-basho
men
niku shuriko
dansei naoshimasu
mend
mechanic medicine
medium (adj)
(clothes) emu-saizu
! "#$%&'(
)*+,-. /01234
dansei-yo toire
at midday
xyz
shogo ni
English Japanese
shinshifuku-uriba do
mannaka ni
{|}~
no
itashimashite
menu
56789:;< =>?@
menyu
may I see the menu, please?
mayonaka ni
the middle one
mannaka
ABCDEFGHI JK LM
mayonaka mayonaka ni iku kamo
at midnight
midnight
shiremasen
might: I might go
I might not go
ABCDEFGHIJKLMi
NOPQRSTUV WXYZ[\
I want to leave a message for ... -san ni dengon o
ikanai kamo
I might want to stay another day mo ippaku suru kamo
shiremasen
onegai shimasu
]^_`abcde fghij kl
kinzoku metoru denshi-
shiremasen
metal
henzutsu usuaji (no)
migraine
metre
mnop
mild (taste)
microwave (oven)
!
(weather) atatakai
renji
qrstu vw
shogo
!"#$%
mile
midday
&'(
mairu
109
milk
)*+
miruku miruku-seki
DEFG
mirror
110
English Japanese
milkshake millimetre
HIJ
Miss ...
mirimetoru
KLMN
ki ni shinaide kudasai
OPQRSTU VWX
ki ga
missing: one of my ... is missing ga hitotsu
noriokuremashita
kawarimashita
!"#$%&'(
miatarimasen
YZ[\]^_`a bcd
theres a suitcase missing
dialogue
do you mind if I open the window? mado o akete
sutsuesu ga miatarimasen
mo i desho ka?
efghijklm nopqr
mist
ABCDEFGHIJKLMi
e, dozo
kiri machigai
mistake (noun)
watashi no
tuvw
)*+,
mineral water mints
desu
-./012345 678 9
minto fun sug ni
mineraru-uota
xyz{|}~
sorry, Ive made a mistake
minute
sumimasen, machigaemashita
in a minute
:;<
kudasai
mix-up: sorry, theres been a mix-up sumimasen, techigai
just a minute
chotto matte
=>?@ABC
deshita
mobile phone
English Japanese
keitaidenwa
()*+,-./ 012
more than 50
modern
nyueki
modan (na)
3 456
a lot more
moisturizer
789:
;<=>?@A
dialogue
motto takusan
sugu modorimasu
monastery
soin
Monday money
Getsuyobi
desu ka?
no, no more for me, thanks ie, mo kekko
okane getsu
desu
how about you?
ABCDEFGHIJKLMo
moon
wa do desu ka?
sochira
monument
kinenhi
tsuki tansha
moped
this morning
CD EF G
more*
motto
ka
!"#$%&'
more expensive/interesting
mosquito repellent
kayoke-supure
HIJKLMN
most: I like this one most of all
111
OPQRSTUVW XY
most of the time
mouth
112
English Japanese
kuchi ugokashimasu
Z[\]
taitei
move (verb)
most tourists
ryokokyaku
mostly
taitei no
^_`abcde fghi j
haha (someone elses) oka-san taitei
hikkoshimashita
klmn
no haha
giri
could you move up a little?
opqr
stuvwxy z{|}~
otobai motaboto
movie
ABCDEFGHIJKLMo
motorbike
eiga eigakan
yama
Mr
kosokudoro
-san
Mrs Ms
-san
-san
up in the mountains
mouse
yama ni
much
takusan (no)
mountaineering
tozan
nezumi kuchihige
0123456
much worse
moustache
789:;<
zutto atsui
narimasen
English Japanese
I mustnt drink alcohol
HIJKLMNO PQ
mud
mustard
RS
watashi no
masutado
(Japanese) karashi
my*
TUVWX
YZ[\]^_ `ab
mum
osowaremashita
jibun
de shimasu
by myself
jibun de
ABCDEFGHIJKLNa
cd
mumps
museum
N
nail (finger)
mushrooms music
tsume
(metal) kugi
nailbrush
musician
stu
!"
namae
tsume-burashi manikyua
vwxyz {|}~
murugai -nakereba
my names John
watashi no
113
#$%&'()* +,
shitsurei desu ga, onamae wa?
whats your name?
114
English Japanese
nopqrstuv wx
do you go near the Osaka-jo?
-./01234 56
yz{|}~
where is the nearest ...?
napkin nappy
nearby nearly
chikai
narrow (street)
kubi
ABCDEFGHIJKLNa
nasty (person)
NOPQR STU
necessary neck
VWXYZ [\
necklace necktie
nekutai
nekkuresu
nationality natural
]^_`a bcd
hakike
shizen (na)
ga hitsuyo
desu
nausea
hari
efghi jklm
kon-iro (no)
no soba
needle
negative (film)
nega
new
IJK
atarashi nyus
English Japanese
demo
LMNO PQR ST
shimbun-ya
demo nai
shimbun
oi
UVW
oshogatsu
!"#$
net (in sport)
%&' ()
netto
seika
XYZ[\]^_` abcdefg
New Years Day
*+,-./012
I never go there soko
kesshite -masen
hi
gantan omisoka
ABCDEFGHIJKLNe
e wa
jkl
3456789: ;<=>?
(never been/done) koto ga arimasen
kesshite ikimasen
New Zealand
mnopqrst
Nyu-Jirando
@ABCDEFGH
uvwxyz{|} ~
the next turning/street on the left tsugi no hidari no
dialogue
have you ever been to Tokyo? Tokyo ni itta
next
magarikado/michi
at the next stop
tsugi no
teiryu-jo de
115
next week
raishu
nightclub
naitokurabu naitodoresu
116
English Japanese
next to
nice (food)
no tonari oishi
nightdress
night porter
yakan no furonto-gakari
niece (ones own)
no ...
no* (answer)
ie
mei
!"#$%&'
Ive no change
ga arimasen
kozeni ga ga mo
night
arimasen
()*+,-./
theres no ... left
arimasen
no way!
at night
012345678 9:;<=>?
oh no! (upset)
ABCDEFGHIJKLNi
good night
dialogue
@ABC
nobody*
dare mo -masen
noise noisy
ippaku ikura desu ka? 5,000 yen ippaku gosen-en ni narimasu thank you, Ill take it ja, onegai shimasu
YZ[\
non-alcoholic
arukoru-nuki
(no)
]^_`abc def
none* (people)
dare mo
North Korea
-masen
ghijklmn
(things) dore mo -masen
Kita-Chosen
English Japanese
northwest Norway
hokusei
opqrstuv
kinen-koshitsu
nonsmoking compartment
hana
Norue
wxyz
noodles noon
-masen
Norue (no)
{|} ~
at noon
menrui
shogo shogo ni
not*
no-one*
ie, onaka
kita kita ni kita e
in the north
dare mo -masen
I dont want any, thank you
nor: nor do I
desu
normal north
futsu (no)
ABCDEFGHIJKLNo
!"#$%&'() *+,-./0
hitsuyo nai desu
to the north
north of Kanazawa
Kanazawa no kita
northeast
sore ja
hokuto Kita-
arimasen
BCDEFGHIJ
not that one, this one
sore ja
Northern Ireland
Airurando
KLMNOPQRS TU
117
note (banknote)
VW XY
shihei
nuts
notebook nothing
techo
nattsu
118
English Japanese
Z[\]^_` abcdefg hi
shosetsu Juichigatsu
O
Occidental
mo irimasen
novel
occupied (phone)
(toilet) shiyo-chu
October
November
jkl mn op qr
ima
now
Jugatsu
oclock
number
bango
ji kawatta
(figure) suji
Ive got the wrong number
no
ABCDEFGHIJKLNo
bango o machigaemashita
off (lights)
stuvwxy z{|
what is your phone number?
kiete iru
ashita
}~
number plate nurse (man)
tachimasu
kangoshi (woman) kangofu
namba-pureto
jimusho
omawari-san
often
!"#$%& '(
yoku
not often
)*+,
metta ni
~
is this train OK for ...?
English Japanese
-./012345 6789:
oil (for car)
old (person)
(thing) furui
toshi o totta
;<= >?@
oiru
dialogue
how old are you? oikutsu desu ka? Im 25 ni-ju-go desu and you? anata wa? old-fashioned
ABCDEF
ointment
GH
nanko
OK
IJKL
are you OK?
oke
mukashi-fu
ABCDEFGHIJKLOn
ka?
MNOPQRS
is that OK with you?
(no)
kyushigai
TUVWXYZ[\
is it OK to ...?
shite mo i
]^_`abcd ef
thats OK, thanks
omelette on
kyushigai ni
no ue
omuretsu
on the street
tori de
119
on television
120
English Japanese
TUVWXYZ[\ ]^
onion only
I havent got it on me
_`ab cde
only one
tamanegi
motte imasen
fghij
rokuji desu
!"#$%&' ()*+,-
klmnop
Ive only just got here
mada
qrstuvwx yz {|}~
suitchi hiraita
ABCDEFGHIJKLOn
ikkai
sugu
?@ABCDEF GH
one*
koko wa
IJK
I cant get it open
LMNO PQRS
kippu
akimasen
one-way ticket
kogai de
opening times
eigyojikan
open ticket opera
opera
opun-chiketto
restaurant)
English Japanese
shujutsu opereta
ba
mukai no
abcdefg
ordinary other
kowarete imasu
opposite my hotel
hijklm nopqr
the other one the other day
futsu (no)
hoteru no
hoka no
mukaigawa ni
optician or
mata wa orenji megane-ya
stuvw xyz
mo kataho no
ABCDEFGHIJKLOu
sujitsu mae
orange (fruit)
!"#$
{|}~
do you have any others?
samonaito toyo (no)
order (noun)
=>?@A
watashitachi no kare wa
121
gaishutsu-chu desu
!"#$%&'( )*+,
own: my own ...
122
English Japanese
watashi-jishin no
okugai-puru
-./01
desu ka?
ohitori
no soto ni soto ni
23456789
Im on my own owner
:;<=> ?@A BC
oyster
hitori desu
suwaremasu ka?
oven
koko ni
over there
mochinushi kaki
obun
its over
asoko ni ijo
P
Pacific Ocean Taiheiyo
ABCDEFGHIJKLOu
DEF
owarimashita
pack (verb)
nimotsu o tsumemasu
a pack of ...
GHIJKLM NOPQR
hito-pakku kozutsumi pakku-
6 ! "#$% &'(
sarubin oba
overcoat
package (parcel)
ST
overland mail
package holiday
ryoko
)*+,-
ippaku (no)
UVWXY Z[\
packed lunch
obento
./0123
oikoshimasu
tabako hito-hako
]^_ `a
paddy field
bcd efg
tambo peji
pantsu
English Japanese
(womens) shotsu
pantyhose
hijklmno pqrstuvwx
pagoda
kami (Japanese) washi
panti-sutokkingu
paper
pain
z{
itami koko ga
!" #$
|}~
painful
itai desu
(newspaper) shimbun
a piece of paper
itai itamidome
kami
ichi-mai
painkillers painting
%&' ()*
origami tisshu-
ABCDEFGHIJKLPa
paper folding
paper handkerchiefs
hito-kumi
pepa
no
palace
+,-./0123 45
kozutsumi
parcel
kyuden usu-
furaipan
imashita ka?
shotsu
usu-aoi
6789:;<= >? @A
ryoshin
BCD
park (noun)
koen
123
EF
on the pavement
(verb) chushajo
GHI
pavilion
hodo de
124
English Japanese
pay (verb)
its already paid for
onegai shimasu
mo
]^_`a bcdef
party (group)
patona
haratte arimasu
dialogue
whos paying? dare ga haraimasu ka? Ill pay watashi ga haraimasu no, you paid last time, Ill pay ie, konomae haratte
gh
dantai
ABCDEFGHIJKLPa
(celebration) pati
passenger
ijklm no
passport
jokyaku
pqrst uvw
pasupoto mae ni
shiharai koshudenwa
xyz{|}~
path
!"#$%& '(
momo pinattsu
shizuka (na)
pattern
pavement
peanuts
)*+,-
pear
./ 01
n
too many people
English Japanese
pearl
osugi
hito ga
opqrst uvwx
peculiar (strange)
2345 6789
tengoku
kosho
hito-ban ni
hokoshasentaku-
tsui
yz{|}
how much per day?
:;<=>
peg (for washing)
~
kosui tabun tabun chigau
perfume perhaps
?@ABCDE
(for tent) pegu
basami
pasento
FG
pen
kampeki (na)
HI
ABCDEFGHIJKLPe
pencil
JKLM NOPQ
perhaps not
desho
RSTUV
penishirin
kikan (menstruation) seiri
WXYZ[\]
nenkin-seikatsusha
poketto-naifu
pensioner
^_`ab
people
kyoka
cd
hito
hito uokuman
gasorin
efghijklm
125
petrol can
sutando
sekiyukan gasorin-
abc
pickpocket
126
English Japanese
petrol station
de
suri
pharmacy
pick up: will you be there to pick me up? soko made mukae ni
!"#$%
Philippines
&'()* +,
picnic (noun)
phone (noun)
picture (painting)
-./01
phone book
234
denwacho
}~
piece
phone box
5678
piru
hitotsu hito-kire no
imasu
Im on the pill
ABCDEFGHIJKLPe
phonecard
9:;<=>? @ABC DE
shashin
piru o nonde
pillow
makura makura-kaba
pin pachinko
pinball pine
matsu
phrasebook
shu
\]^_`
piano
pineapple
piano
painappuru
pink
paipu (for water) suidokan
pinku-iro (no)
plate
Z[
sara puratto-homu
English Japanese
platform
\]^_`ab
zannen desu
pizza
cdefghij klmnopqr st
play (verb: sports, game)
place (noun)
!"#
uvw
shimasu
at your place
xyz{ |}~
playground pleasant
tokoro de
$%&'()*+
at his place
kare no tokoro
de
ABCDEFGHIJKLPl
muji (no)
asobiba
hikoki
(go ahead) dozo
kimochi no i onegai
:;<=
plant
hikoki de
please (requesting)
shimasu
>?
shokubutsu bansoko
shimasu
plasters plastic
@ABCDE FGHIJKL
purastikku (credit cards) kurejitto-kado
yes, please
hai, onegai
-te
MNOPQRST
plastic bag
UVWXY
biniru-bukuro
please dont
kuremasen ka?
doka yamete
127
kudasai
pleased: pleased to meet you
ni-ten-
128
English Japanese
9 .;
theres no point
go
hajimemashite
pleasure: my pleasure
<=>?
poisonous police
muda desu
do
@ABCD EF
keisatsu
yudoku (na)
itashimashite
takusan no
wa jubun arimasu
jikan
GHIJKLMN OP QR
keikan
policeman
mo
police station
!" #$
puragu (in sink) sen
STU VW
keisatsu-sho fukei
ABCDEFGHIJKLPl
XYZ[
tsuyadashi
teinei (na)
plum (Western)
%&' ()
sumomo
polluted
(Japanese) ume
plumber pm
*+, -.
gogo
suido-ya
jklmnop
(quality) somatsu (na)
bimbo (na)
qrstuv
otoshi-tamago
pop music
/01234 5678
poketto
wxyz {|
poppsu kashu
pop singer
popular pork
}~
butaniku
ninki no aru
<=>?
postcode poster
English Japanese
@ABC DEFG
yubimbango
posuta
minato
poste restante
(drink) poto-wain
porter (in hotel)
boi
portrait
kyoku-dome-yubin
HIJKL
post office
shozoga shareta
MNO
yubinkyoku
posh (restaurant)
PQRSTU
pottery (objects)
poteto-chippu
possible
VW
toki
kano (na)
pound (money)
XYZ
pondo
(weight) paundo
ABCDEFGHIJKLPr
is it possible to ...?
[\]^
power cut
!"
as ... as possible
_`
teiden konsento
power point
dekiru-
abcde
!"#$%&
post (noun: mail)
dake
'(
yubin
)*+,-
fghijklmn op
prawns
qr
no ho ga
./0123456 789:;
postcard
stuvwxyz{
pregnant
suki desu
ehagaki
|}~
ninshin-chu (no)
129
no problem! product
shohosen
purezento daitoryo
#$%& '( )*
daijobu!
130
English Japanese
seihin
present (gift)
bangumi
+,-./
shimasu kanari
kirei (na)
promise: I promise
yakusoku
01234
do
price
takai desu
nedan obo-san
priest
ABCDEFGHIJKLPr
(Shinto) kannushi-san
prime minister printed matter prison
chanto
soridaijin insatsubutsu
fakuta
JKLMNOP QR ST
sento saijitsu
purotesutanto
public baths
private
basu-toire
private bathroom
probably problem
koshubenjo
hikimasu panku
!"
osoraku
mondai
ningyo
`a
puppet show
quarantine
bcd ef
ningyo-geki
keneki yom-bun no
English Japanese
quarter (amount)
ichi
(time) ju-go-fun
quayside: on the quayside
ghijklm nop
saifu (US: handbag) handobaggu
murasaki (no)
hatoba de
question
!" #$ %&
desu shitsumon gyoretsu
queue (noun) quick
qrstuv
push
wxyz {|}
okimasu
oshimasu kuruma-isu
pushchair put
hayai hayakatta
~
where can I put ...?
ABCDEFGHIJKLQu
'()*+,
nani ga ichiban hayai desu ka?
whats the quickest way there? soko ni iku niwa
pyjamas
ippai
@ABCDEF GHIJK LM
quiet!
quickly
Q
quality
NOPQRS TUVWX
shizuka ni!
shizuka (na)
hinshitsu
131
quite (fairly)
YZ[ \]^
kanari
in the rain
132
English Japanese
(very) totemo
thats quite right
its raining
_`abcdefg hi
quite a lot
mattaku
rainy season
imasu
jklmnop
kanari takusan
raincoat
(steak) reya
reinkoto
rape (noun)
fujoboko mezurashi
R
race (for horses)
rare (uncommon)
qr
keiba
stu
!"#$% &'(
nezumi
fukidemono
ABCDEFGHIJKLQu
vwxy
raketto
raspberry rat
razuberi
z{|}~
(in room) damboki
rajieta
radio
ryogae-reto
rajio rajio de
)*+,nakanaka i desu
Id rather ...
rail pass railway
tetsudo de
./012345 6789:;<=
raw
ho ga i desu
teikiken
tetsudo ame
>?@AB
raw fish
nama (no)
CDE
razor
sashimi
rain (noun)
kamisori
FGHI
(electric) denki-kamisori
rear lights
English Japanese
JKLMNO
read
receipt
PQRS
teru-rampu
ready
TUVWXY
are you ready?
tegoro
(na)
Z[\]^_`a
ka?
reshito saikin
recently
bcdefghij klm
at reception
furonto
dialogue
when will it be ready?
itsu
uketsuke de
ABCDEFGHIJKLRe
dekimasu ka?
it should be ready in a couple of days ni-san-nichi-chu ni
uketsuke
dekimasu
real
uketsuke-gakari
nopqr
honto ni
Im really sorry
hommono (no)
recognize
really
stuvwxy
sumimasen
ki ga tsukimasu
honto ni
z{|}~
thats really great
really? (doubt)
!"#$ !"
akai rekodo
133
red wine
#$%& '()*
aka-wain harai-modoshi
rented car
jklmn opqrs
134
English Japanese
refund (noun)
repair (verb)
dekimasu ka?
repeat
+,-./012 3456789 :;
chiho
tuvwxyz{ |}~
kurikaeshimasu
could you repeat that?
region
kakitome-yubin de
<=>? @ABC
representative (noun: of company) daihyo
registration number
torokubango
religion
reservation
DE
shukyo
yoyaku
ABCDEFGHIJKLRe
oboete imasen
I remember
FGHIJKLM NOPQRST
do you remember?
dialogue
I have a reservation
UVWXYZ[\]
rent (noun: for apartment)
imasu ka?
^_
yachin
`abc
to rent
defg hi
yoyaku
shimasu
dialogue
can I reserve a table for tonight? teburu o
return: a return to ...
English Japanese
!"#$
return ticket
ofuku-kippu
uketamawarimasu, nammei-sama desu ka? for two futari desu and for what time? ojikan wa? for eight oclock hachiji ni onegai shimasu
and could I have your name please? onamae
korekuto-koru
reverse gear revolting rib
%&'()*+ ,-./0
abarabone bakku-giya fuyukai (na)
itadakemasu ka?
rest: I need a rest
ABCDEFGHIJKLRi
rice (uncooked)
hitoyasumi
sasete kudasai
the rest of the group
?@A
(fried) chahan
rich (person)
hoka
restaurant
no hitotachi
kanemochi (no)
toire
restoran shokudosha
STUV WXY
bakageta tadashi
right (correct)
retired: Im retired
Z[\]
anata no iu
135
tori deshita
thats right
^_`abcdef gV ijkl
so desu
this cant be right
ripe (fruit)
jukushita hogai na
136
English Japanese
nedan desu!
rip-off prices
konna
hogai na
mnopqrst uv
right here
nedan
risky river
kiken (na) kawa michi
wxyz{|}
chodo koko de
road
~
migi ni migi e
!"#$
down the road
ABCDEFGHIJKLRi
%&'(
road map roadsign
konosaki
migi e magatte
right-hand drive
kudasai
)*+, -./0
dorochizu
doro-hyoshiki goto ni
migi-
handoru (no)
osowaremashita
yubiwa
1234567 89: ;
iwa (music) rokku
rock
atode denwa
shimasu
orikaeshi denwa
<=>
ring back
shimasu
?@ABCD
roll (bread)
EFGHI JK
(of car) rufu
rorupan yane
}~
rubber (material)
English Japanese
gomu
LMN
room
(eraser) keshigomu
rubber band
OP
de
wagomu gomi
in my room
rubbish (waste)
QRSTU
room service rope
VWXYZ[\ ]^_ `a
ropu roze
iseki ramu-shu ramu-shu shitsurei (na) ryukku-sakku
ros (wine)
roughly (approximately)
bcde
daitai
ABCDEFGHIJKLRu
rude
watashi
ruins rum
fghij
round-trip ticket
no ban desu
ofuku-kippu
klmn
no kora-wari
!"#$
hashirimasu
opqrstuv wxy
route
z{|
ikikata
rush hour
137
S
sad
{|
the same as this
138
English Japanese
kore to
6789 :;<
sadoru anzen (na) anzen-pin safubodo
kanashi
onaji no
}~ E
its all the same to me
=>?@A BCDE
safety pin
suna sandaru
sandals
FGHIJK
uindosafingu
(wooden) geta
sandwich
sailing
seiri-yo napukin
sandoitchi
ABCDEFGHIJKLSa
sanitary napkins/towels
sash
obi Doyobi
fghijk lmnop
sake
doresshingu
Saturday sauce
uridashi-chu
sosu katatenabe
qrstuv wx yz
shio
serusuman
!"# !"#
sauna
ukezara
salt
onaji
sausage
soseji
$%&'(
say (verb)
)*+,
imasu
pqr
scooter scotch
English Japanese
stuvw
sukuta
-./01234 56789:
kare wa nan te imashita ka?
what did he say? she said ...
de
xyz{|}~
serotepu Sukottorando Sukottorando
Sukotchi-uisuki
Scottish (adj)
(no)
imashita
kanojo wa to
umi umibe de iri-tamago byobu
ABCDEFGHIJKLSe
scrambled eggs
PQRSTUVW XYZ[\]^
scarf
_`ab cde fg
keshiki yotei
sukafu
kakejiku
scenery
(rolled) makimono
sea
schedule
hij klm no
school
by the sea
seafood
scheduled flight
teikibin
gakko
shifudo
hasami
ni
139
hanko
cde
second-hand second floor
140
English Japanese
search (verb)
yoimashita
sagashimasu fune ni
fghij kl mn op
(US) ni-kai
chuko (no)
san-kai
!"#$%&'
I get seasick
funayoi suru
secretary see
hisho
tachi desu
()*+,-./0
kaigan de
qrs
123
seat
can I see?
ka?
seki
tuvwxyz{|
have you seen ...?
56789:;< =>?@AB
seat belt
mimashita ka?
}~
I saw him this morning
kesa
ABCDEFGHIJKLSe
CDEFGH IJ
see you!
seaweed secluded
KLMNOP QRSTUV
(of time) byo
urimasu
second (adj)
self-service sell
do you sell ...?
serufu-sabisu
just a second!
XYZ[\]^_` ab
second class (train etc)
wa
arimasu ka?
Sellotape send
serotepu okurimasu
futsuseki
I want to send this to England
sew
IJKL
nuimasu
English Japanese
separate
betsubetsu (no)
MNOPQRST UVWXYZ[
sex
separated: Im separated
\]^_
sekkusu
sexy
`abcdef
hikage
sekushi (na)
ni
September
betsubetsu ni
ghij kl
asai
shallow (water)
serious (problem)
!"#$%
(illness) omoi
ABCDEFGHIJKLSh
mno
&'(
shampoo (noun)
pqrst
setto
shampu shampu to
)*+,-. /0123
service station
sabisu-ryo
uvwxyz{|}
share (verb: room)
aibeya ni
narimasu
~
(table) aiseki shimasu
gasorin-sutando
serviette
456789:; <=>? @A
napukin teishoku
set menu several
sharp (knife)
(pain) surudoi
yoku kireru
shaver
BCDEFGH
ikutsuka (no)
denki-kamisori
141
shaving foam
denki-kamisori-yo konsento
shebingu-fomu
142
English Japanese
shimashita
shocking shoe
shaving point
-./01234 567 89
hidoi kutsu kutsu issoku
she*
a pair of shoes
:;<=
shoelaces
is she here?
imasu ka?
tana kai
>?@A BCDE
mise
shoe polish
FGHIJ K
ABCDEFGHIJKLSh
shellfish sherry
sheri
kaimono ni ikimasu
shopping centre
fune
Shinto (no)
LMNOPQR
shoppingu-senta
shop window shore (of sea)
Shinto
STUVWXYZ [\ ]^_`abcd ef gh
umibe (of lake) kishibe
short (person)
ship
shouindo
by ship
!"
shirt shit!
fune de
#$% &'(
shatsu
kuso! shokku
ijkl mnop
se no hikui
shock (noun)
)*+,
shortcut
qr
chikamichi
!"#$ %&'(
with shower
shawa
English Japanese
shorts
stu
pantsu do
shitara i desho?
you should ...
vwxyz{| }~
(no)
)*+,-./01 2345678 9:
jinja shimemasu bodi-sopu
-ta ho ga i
desu
you shouldnt ...
ga i desu
-nai ho
shut (verb)
;<=>
he should be back soon
?@ABCDE FGHIJK
when does it shut?
itsu
ABCDEFGHIJKLSi
kata
shimarimasu ka?
theyre shut
shimatte imasu
shoulder
shout (verb)
fghi
damare! shatta
kuremasen ka?
jklmn opq
rstuv
byoki (no)
143
hakiso desu
side
wxyz{| }~
yoko
the other side of the street
similar
144
English Japanese
simple (easy)
since I got here
tori no mukogawa
side street
wakimichi
sidewalk
kara
koko ni kite
hodo hodo de no
irai
sing
kashu utaimasu Shingaporu
on the sidewalk
meisho
Singapore singer
!"#$%& '(
kamban
ABCDEFGHIJKLSi
kankoryoko
)*+,-./01 2 345678
(roadsign) hyoshiki
signature silk
shinguru-beddo
single room
shomei
single ticket
katamichi-kippu
sink (in kitchen)
silly
gin
nagashi ane
silver (noun)
LMNO P
sora
yaseta
English Japanese
kosobiru nemurimasu
sukato
QRS
skyscraper
TUVW
(someone elses) giri no one-san
giri no ane
sleep (verb)
XYZ[\]^ _`ab
did you sleep well? yoku nemuremashita ka? sleeper (on train)
shindaisha nebukuro
cdefgh
ABCDEFGHIJKLSl
ijklmnopq rstu
is anyone sitting here? koko ni wa dare ka suwatte imasu ka?
shindaisha suiminyaku
sode suraido
vwxyz{|}~
sit down
slide (photographic)
!"#$
osoi
surippa suberiyasui
sit down
size
hifu
saizu
motto
skin
yukkuri!
./012345
145
slowly
6789
very slowly
146
English Japanese
:;<=>?@
small
its so expensive
ABCD EFGHIJ
nioimasu ne
chisai
takai desu
so am I so do I so-so
smile (verb)
KLMNOP QRS
hohoemimasu kemuri
smoke (noun)
mama desu
watashi mo so desu
TUVWXYZ[ \]^_`a
I dont smoke
watashi mo so desu
ABCDEFGHIJKLSl
tabako wa
bcdefghij
do you smoke?
suimasen
tabako o
klmnopqr st
snack: just a snack
suimasu ka?
soap
sekken kona-sekken
chotto
sokkusu
oyatsu
uvwxyz{
kushami o
sofa soketto
shirafu (no)
sneeze (noun)
shimasu
snow
|}~
yuki yuki ga futte
its snowing
!"#
soda-sui
imasu
$%&'
soft (material etc) soft-boiled egg
sometimes
!"#$% &'()*
yawarakai
|}~
English Japanese
somewhere
hanjuku-tamago
soft drink
+,-./01
song
soft lenses
uta giri no
musuko
sugu
ABCDEFGHI JKLMNOPQ
some: can I have some water/apples? mizu/ringo
ABCDEFGHIJKLSo
narubeku hayaku
RSTUVWXYZ [\]^_`a
can I have some?
bcdefgh ijklmno
somebody, someone
itai desu
pqr st
something
sumimasen
domo nante
something to eat
uvwxyz{
taberu mono
147
HIJKLMN OPQRST
Supein (no)
148
English Japanese
dono
yobi no taiya
supu suppai
UVWXYZ[\]
wa
in the south
minami minami ni
^_`abcd
dialogue
can I speak to Yoko?
hanasemasen
South Africa
Minami-Afurika
!"#$%
Minami-Afurika (no)
Im South African
&'()*+,./012345 67
watashi wa Minami-Afurika-jin desu nanto
ABCDEFGHIJKLSo
southeast
89 :; <=
moshiwake arimasen ga, Yoko wa ima rusu ni shite orimasu, nani ka dengon wa arimasu ka?
no thanks, Ill call back later ie, kekko desu,
Kankoku
nansei
atode kakenaoshimasu
please tell her Patricia called kanojo ni Patricia
>?@A BC
omiyage tonyu
DEFG
Supein
efg
megane
hijk
kumo
sokudoseigen
kitte o kudasai
what are you sending?
English Japanese
lmnopqrs tu
dassuiki
okane o tsukaimasu
spider
spin-dryer
vwx
spoon sport
yz{| }~
spotsu
spun
hoshi (in film) suta
kyanseru-machi
start (noun)
spring (season)
o kujiite shimaimashita
sutato
(verb) hajimemasu
when does it start?
haru
itsu
hajimarimasu ka?
ABCDEFGHIJKLSt
in the spring
!"#$%&'() *+,./0 12
shidoki (food) zensai
stairs stale
haru ni hiroba
kaidan
furui kitte
station
stamp (noun)
3 4
eki zo
statue
dialogue
a stamp for England, please Igirisu made
56789:;< =>?@
149
Im staying at ...
ni
keep still!
150
English Japanese
tomatte imasu
ABCDEFGHI
Id like to stay another two nights mo ni-haku shitai to
ugokanaide
kudasai!
hachi
JKLMNOPQR STUV
steak steal
omoimasu steki
ni sasaremashita
stockings stomach
onaka fukutsu stokkingu
WXYZ [\]^
nusumimasu
my bag has been stolen
baggu o nusumaremashita
_`abcde fgh
steep (hill)
ishi
ijkl mno
kewashi
tomarimasu
ABCDEFGHIJKLSt
kaidan de
please, stop here (to taxi driver etc) koko de tomete kudasai
pqrstuv wxyz{|
Igirisu-pondo
schuwado
stop it!
}~
ni imasu
is he still there?
!"#$%&
stopover
'(
storm
!"#
straight (whisky)
$%&'(
)*+,-./01 234
straightaway
shimaimashita
English Japanese
lmnopqr stu vw
gakusei baka (na) kogai
567
student stupid
89:;<
xyz{| }~
=>?@AB
Im a stranger here
suburb
hajimete desu
strap (on watch)
CDEFGHIJ KLM
bando (on dress, suitcase) storappu
chikatetsu
totsuzen ni
NOPQR
strawberry
sato
suedo
STU VWX Y
ichigo
ABCDEFGHIJKLSu
tatami
suit (noun)
sutsu
kawa
Z[
tori tori de
it doesnt suit me (jacket etc) watashi niwa niaimasen it suits you suitcase
natsu natsu ni sumo
in the summer
yoku niaimasu
on the street
\]^
streetmap string
_`ab cd
himo tsuyoi
dorochizu
sutsukesu
summer
strong stuck
efg
its stuck
sun
sumo wrestling
hijk
tsukaeta tsukaete
taiyo
151
in the sun
!"#$ %&'(
sunbathe
hinata de hikage de
super
ghi
sugoi supa
152
English Japanese
supermarket supper
)*+
nikkoyoku
jklm no
yushoku
sunblock (cream)
hiyake-dome
sunburn
,-./0 123
hiyake hiyake shita
tsuikaryokin
pqrs tuvw
supply (noun)
takuwae
sunburnt Sunday
45678 9:;
xyz{|
desu ka?
sure!
tashika
sunglasses
<=>?@
}~
mochiron! sarubin
ABCDEFGHIJKLSu
ABCDEF GH
nichibotsu hiyoke
surface mail
surname sweater
myoji
sunshade sunshine
IJK LM
nikko nisshabyo
seta
sweatshirt Sweden
sunstroke suntan
NOP QRS
torena
hiyake santan-roshon
Sueden
Swedish (adj)
amai kyandi hare
Sueden (no)
swelling
swim (verb)
English Japanese
STUVW
tablecloth
teburutakkyu
kurosu
ikimasu
!"#$%&'
lets go for a swim
XYZ[\]^ _`
teburu-wain
ikimasho
oyogi ni
()*+,-./0 12
mizugi puru mizugi
abcdefg hijk lm
shinshifuku-ten
345 67
tsurete
ikimasu suitchi
89:; <=>?
tomemasu
nopqrst
(object) motte ikimasu
uvwxyz{
(accept) torimasu
ABCDEFGHIJKLTa
|}~
kakemasu
switch on (engine)
do you take credit cards?
LMN
hareta
T
table
fine, Ill take it
ja, sore ni
OPQR
a table for two
teburu
shimasu
futari-bun no
kore o moratte mo i
153
desu ka?
how long does it take?
tan (noun)
JKL
154
English Japanese
it takes three hours
san-jikan
kakarimasu
hamburger to take away
i desu ka?
taxi
Z[\]^_`ab cd efgh
will you get me a taxi?
takushi
hambaga o teikuauto de
!"#$%&'() *+,- !
can you take a little off here? (to hairdresser) koko o mo
ABCDEFGHIJKLTa
ijklmnopq rstuvw
where can I find a taxi?
"#$%&'()*+ ,-./0123
talcum powder
doko
tarukam-pauda
talk (verb)
xyz{|}~
dialogue
to the airport/to the ... Hotel, please kuko/
(building) takai
tampons
FGHI
tampon
hoteru made, onegai shimasu how much will it be? ikura kurai kakarimasu ka?
telephone
English Japanese
!"
denwa
de oroshite kudasai
taxi-driver
takushi no
!"#
untenshu
taxi rank
kocha ocha
green tea
takushi-noriba
$%&'()*+, -./01 23 45 67
kion (fever) netsu
tea (drink)
temperature (weather)
otera
oshiete kuremasen ka? tibaggu
tento gakki
ABCDEFGHIJKLTh
teabags
shuten
teacher
sensei kissa-ten
?@A
teahouse team
pqr
yorimo
chimu tisupun
BCDEF GHIJ
smaller than ...
subarashi
fukin tineija
chisai
yorimo
KLMNOPQR
155
arigato
STUVW
ka?
suteki desu
156
English Japanese
XYZ[\]^_` abcdef
thanks for the lift
ghijklmn opq
no thanks
kurete arigato
nosete
desu
the*
sono gekijo karera no
rstuvwxy z{
dialogue
ie kekko desu
theatre
their(s)* (male)
(female) kanojotachi no
them* (things)
ie, do itashimashite
that (nearby)
!"
sore
ABCDEFGHIJKLTh
!"#$%
|} ~
sore
&'()*+,
-./01234 567
with them
sore
89:;<=> ?@AB
to them
-tara i desu
ni
CDEFGHIJ
ne
KLMNOPQ RSTUVWXYZ
then (at that time)
they* (things)
sorera
English Japanese
[\]
sono toki
^_`a
there
thick
bcd
up there
soko de muko ni
atsui
over there
efgh ijkl
is there ...?
(stupid) nibui
thief thigh
asoko ni ga arimasu
momo yaseta
dorobo
ka?
mnopqrst
are there ...?
thin (person)
ga arimasu
ka?
uvwxyz{|
there is ...
(object) usui
ABCDEFGHIJKLTh
}~
there are ...
ga arimasu ga arimasu
thing
mono watashi no
Thermos flask
my things
shibutsu
think
!"#$
kangaemasu
(adj) kono
mahobin
these*
korera
%&'()*+,watashi wa so wa omoimasen
Id like these
kore ga ki ni
irimashita
./012345 678
Ill think about it sore ni tsuite wa kangaete
157
okimasu
9:;<=>?@A BCDEF
third party insurance
through
totte
158
English Japanese
daisansha-hoken
GHIJK
kawakimashita kore
throw (verb)
thirsty: Im thirsty
nodo ga
nagemasu sutemasu
LMNOPQRST
this
UV WX YZ
oya-yubi rai-u
(adj) kono
this one
thunderstorm Thursday
kore watashi no
ken
Mokuyobi
this is my wife
ticket
tsuma desu
[\]^_
is this ...?
ABCDEFGHIJKLTh
kore wa desu
ka?
`abcdefg hij
(adj) ano arera
dialogue
a return to Sendai Sendai made ofuku-kipp o ichi-mai coming back when? kaeri wa itsu desu ka? today/next Tuesday
those
kl
dore
mnopqrstu vw xy z{
ito nodo torochi
ichi-man-san-zen-en ni narimasu
ticket office
throat pastilles
|}~
kippu-uriba
tie (necktie)
Im tired tissues
its too tight
nekutai kitsui
>?@ABC DEFGH
tisshu
tsukaremashita
English Japanese
tights
kitsusugimasu
Rondon e
jikan ima nanji
whats the time?
panti-sutokkingu
IJKLMNOP
to Japan/Britain
nippon/ yubin-
Igirisu e
QRSTUVWX
to the post office
time*
YZ[\
toast (bread) today toe
kyoku e
this time
desu ka?
]^_` abc
kyo
tosuto
last time
defg hij
tsumasaki issho ni
ABCDEFGHIJKLTo
next time
together
)*+ ,
jikokuhyo
issho desu
toilet
klmn opq
toire toire wa
where is the toilet?
kan kankiri
tin-opener
-./
tiny
0123456 789
chippu tsukareta
totemo chisai
rstuvwxy z{
I have to go to the toilet
:;<=
|}~
159
toilet paper
tomato kechappu
toiretto-pepa
01
toothbrush toothpaste
160
English Japanese
2345
haburashi
tomato
6789: ;<=>
at the top
hamigakiko no ue ni
asa ashita
?@ABC
top floor
teppen ni
tomorrow morning
ashita no
DEF
saijokai
GHIJK LMNO PQ
gokei
toppuresu
kaichudento
asatte
tongue
shita tonikku-uota
tour (noun)
komban sugimasu
RST
tsua no
ABCDEFGHIJKLTo
too (excessively)
(also) mo
UVWXYZ[\ ]^_`
tour guide tourist
abc def
ryokokyaku
too hot
"#$%&'
too much me too
atsu-sugimasu osugimasu
()*+, -.
tooth
kanko-annaijo
ghijk
towards ... towel
watashi mo
lmnop qrs
taoru machi
no ho e
ha haita
toothache
town
t
in town
dialogue
machi de
is this the train for Otaru?
English Japanese
uv
machihazure
town centre
wxyz{ |}~
hankagai
toy
kore wa Otaru-iki no densha desu ka? I am not sure sa, chotto wakarimasen puratto-homu desu
trainers (shoes) train station no, you want that platform there ie, muko no
which track is it for Nara?
omocha
track (platform)
puratto-homu
()*+, eki
sunika
mihonichi dento-teki (na) suett(o)-sutsu
trade fair
tram
./01
ABCDEFGHIJKLTr
translate
23456
traditional traffic
!" #$
kotsu jutai
789:;<=> ?@ABC
translation
DE
honyaku
traffic jam
translator
shingo
FGH IJ
honyakusha gomi
densha densha de
KLM
gomibako
by train
%&'
NOPQR
ryoko shimasu
161
kato
162
English Japanese
STUVWXYZ [\]
travel agents
yakkaigoto
Im having trouble with ...
trouble (noun)
^_`a
ryokogaisha
de komatte imasu
trousers true
travellers cheque
traberazu-chekku
zubon honto (no)
bcdefghij k
do you take travellers cheques? traberazu-chekku
!"#$ %&
toranku mizugi
wa tsukaemasu ka?
lmnopqrst uvwxyz{|} ~
ki sugoi obon
tray
tree
ABCDEFGHIJKLTr
tremendous
'()*
trendy
oshare (na)
+,-./0123 45
(at doing something) yatte mite mo i desu ka?
mo i desu ka?
kankoryoko
Id like to go on a trip to ...
trip (excursion)
try on
trolley (for luggage)
nimotsu-yo
GHIJKLMNO PQ
T-shirt
ti-shatsu Kayobi
twice as much
ni-bai
English Japanese
Tuesday tuna
twin beds
tsuin
tsuin-beddo
twin room
tunnel
\]^_
tonneru
`abcdefg hijk
turn off: where do I turn off?
type (noun)
shurui betsu no
lmnopqrs tu
shurui no
typhoon
(na) taifu
ABCDEFGHIJKLUm
daihyo-teki
vwxyz{|} ~
turn on: can you turn the heating on? dambo o
tyre
taiya
kenuki ni-kai terebi magarikado
U
ugly UK
!"#$ %&'( )*
kasa kaiyo Igirisu
minikui
tweezers twice
ulcer
umbrella
163
+,
oji
university
lm
daigaku
164
English Japanese
-./0
unconscious
unleaded petrol
123456 789:;
(less than) ika ni
nopqrs
unlimited mileage
sokokyori-museigen
unlock
tuvwxyz {|}~
kagi o akemasu nihodoki shimasu rokuji
unpack
<=>
(no)
underdone (meat)
namayake
?@ABCDE
underground (railway)
m
until Saturday unusual up
made
FGH
chikatetsu pantsu
ue ni
up there
Doyobi made
underpants
IJK
mezurashi
ABCDEFGHIJKLUn
understand: I understand
wakarimasu
LMNOP
I dont understand
asoko ni
wakarimasen
QRSTUV
do you understand?
hes not up yet (not out of bed) kare wa mada nete imasu
wakarimasu ka?
unemployed
WXYZ[\] ^_`
(no)
unfashionable
kokyu (na) i no choshi i no
abcdefgh
United States
upset stomach
ga yoku nai
ijk
English Japanese
V
vacancy: do you have any vacancies? (hotel) akibeya
ue saishin (no) sakasama
ga
arimas(u) ka?
cdefghijk lm no
yasumi yasumi de
on vacation
!"#$% &'()*
with us for us
vacation
kinkyu (na)
+,-./0 1234
pqr
vaccination
stuv wxyz
yobochusha sojiki
ni
{|}~
yuko (na)
ABCDEFGHIJKLVa
tsukaimasu
HIJKLMNOP QRST
useful usual
valley
valuable (adj)
UVWX
YZ[\]^
the usual (drink etc)
futsu (no)
_`ab
itsumono
kachi
value (noun)
165
van
ban banira
(recorder) bideo-kamera
166
English Japanese
123456
view
vanilla
789 : ;
nagame mura su
village
banira-aisukurimu
vary: it varies
bai ni
vinegar visa
vase veal
yorimasu
<=
biza tazunemasu o
visit (verb)
kabin
>?@A
tazunetai desu
BCDEFGHI JKLMNOPQR ST
wa totemo taisetsu desu
vegetables
vegetarian (noun)
ABCDEFGHIJKLVa
saishoku-shugisha
totemo
vodka
vending machine
jido-ham-
UVWX YZ [\ ]^
koe
uokka
baiki
very
voice
volcano
kazan denatsu
honno totemo
voltage vomit
sukoshi dake
_`ab
hakimasu
!"#$%&'
via
suki desu
()*
keiyu de bideo-tepu
W
waist
+,-./0
cdef
uesto
waistcoat wait
ghi
besto
wake: can you wake me up at 5.30? goji-han ni okoshite
English Japanese
jklm
wait for me
nopqrst
dont wait for me
kuremasen ka?
kudasai
uvwxyz{|}
can I wait until my wife gets here? tsuma ga kuru made
moningu-koru
Ueruzu
~
can you do it while I wait?
=>?@ABCDEF
aruite sugu desu
Ill walk
could you wait here for me?
GHIJKLM NOPQRST
Im going for a walk
ABCDEFGHIJKLWa
ni dekakemasu
wall
UVWXYZ[\ ]^
kabe saifu ga hoshi wa
waiter
wallet
waiter!
ueta
_`a
desu
waitress
bcdefgh
I dont want any ...
irimasen
waitress!
ijklmno
I want to go home
uchi ni
chotto sumimasen!
pqrstuvwx
167
kaeritai desu
I dont want to
washing-up liquid
168
English Japanese
yz{|}~
he wants to ...
desu
shokki-yo
senzai
wasp
hachi udedokei
-tai desu
nani ga
watch (wristwatch)
byoto
warm
Im so warm
atatakai
!" #$%&'()
watch out!
was*
atsui desu
*+,-.
watch strap water
deshita araimasu
/01234 !
mizu
wash (verb)
ABCDEFGHIJKLWa
semmendai
washing machine
sentakumono
ho desu desu
sentakki
56789:;<
its that way
atchi no ho
washing powder
senzai
=>?@ABCD
is it a long way to ...?
araimasu
EFGHIJKLMN
no way!
OPQRS
dialogue
dame desu!
naru yo desu
itll brighten up later
English Japanese
de hareru yo desu
wedding
ato
_`a
kekkon-shiki
wedding ring
desu ka?
go straight on until you reach the traffic lights
kekkon-yubiwa
bcde
Wednesday
shingo ni ikiataru made massugu desu turn left hidari e magatte kudasai
take the first on the right
fgh ij k
Suiyobi shukan
no kyo
raishu
lmnopq
a week (from) tomorrow
ABCDEFGHIJKLWe
TUV WXY
(tea) usui
watashitachi yowai
raishu no ashita
weekend
weak
rstuvw xy
shumatsu
at the weekend
Z[\
weather
]^
tenki
z{|
weight weird
shumatsu ni
}~
omosa
dialogue
whats the weather forecast? tenkiyoho
henjin e
hen (na)
weirdo
do desu ka?
wa
yo desu
its going to rain
hareru
yokoso
ame ni
169
mention it)
do itashimashite kibun ga
!"#$%&'( )*
were*
170
English Japanese
shes not well
yoku arimasen
+,-. /0 1
nishi
Obei
byoki desu
kanojo wa
in the west
23
nishi ni
well done!
Western
45678 9:;
Westerner
desu
sugoi! kore mo
Western-style wet
ABCDEFGHIJKLWe
dialogue
how are you?
oya oya!
whale
what?
GHIJKL
whats that?
MNOPQRST
whats happening?
desu ka?
nani ga
arundesu ka?
UVWXYZ[\]
(whats on?) nani o yatte imasu ka?
uerudan
Ueruzu (no)
watashi wa
^_`abcde fg
hijklmnop
what should I do?
qrstuvwx yz{|}
what a view!
i desho ka?
do shitara
its over there muko desu could you show me where it is on the map? chizu de
desu ka?
English Japanese
i nagame desu
ne!
~
what bus do I take?
doko daka oshiete kuremasen ka? its just here koko desu
see way which: which bus?
wheel
dono
dialogue
basu?
wheelchair
kuruma-isu
which one? dore? that one sore desu this one? kore? no, that one ie, sore while: while Im here
when?
ABCDEFGHIJKLWh
desu
koko ni
iru aida ni
whisky white
where?
shiroi shiro-wain uisuki
doko? doko
dialogue
where is the railway station? eki wa doko
daka shirimasen
dare?
who is it?
!"#$%&'
the man who ...
()*
171
+,-./
the whole lot
isshukan
maru
window seat
madogawa no
172
English Japanese
seki
tuvw xyz{|}~
furonto-garasu waipa
012
zembu kore
windscreen
3456789 :;<
why not?
why?
=>?@ABCD EFGHIJKL
hiroi tsuma
kaze ga
uindosafin
tsuyoi desu
wine
wain
can we have some more wine? wain o mo sukoshi
wide
MNO P
QRS
my wife
wine list winter
moraemasu ka?
ABCDEFGHIJKLWh
TUV
watashi no tsuma so
fuyu fuyu ni
in the winter
wain no risuto
WXYZ[\]^_ `a b
kaze mado mado no
wire
waiya
cd
(electric) kodo
with
soba de
efghij
in the window (of shop)
to issho ni
klmnopqrs
shouindo ni
without
nashi de shonin
desu
English Japanese
QRST
nao warui
witness
UVWXYZ[
worst
desu
!"
woman
\]^_`
sai-ak (no)
#$
abcdefgh ijklmn
wonderful
%&'()
*+,-./012 3456
wood (material)
mo stato shimasen
kuremasen ka?
opqrstuv wxyz{|}~
tsutsunde kuremasen ka?
78 9
zaimoku
ABCDEFGHIJKLWr
wrapping paper
mori
:;< =>? @A
kotoba shigoto ugokimasen
uru
hososhi
wrestler
resura rikishi
word
work (noun)
sumo wrestling
resuringu sumo
BCDEF
imasu
wrist
de hataraite
GHIJKLMN
world
tekubi kakimasu
write
OP
sekai shimpai
worry: Im worried
173
how do you write it?
174
English Japanese
do
X
X-ray
writing paper
kakimasu ka?
binsen kagi
UVWXY
rentogen
ga aimasen
Y
yacht yard year
the bills wrong
Z[\ ]^_ `
toshi
yotto
yado
abcd e
en hai kino
kiroi
ABCDEFGHIJKLWr
!"#$%&'() *+,-./0
sorry, wrong room
fg
yesterday
hij
123456789 :;<=>?@
theres something wrong with ... wa doko ka okashi
klmno
ototoi
yet
pqrs tu
mada
ABCDEFGHI JK
whats wrong?
desu
dialogue
is it here yet?
do ka
shimashita ka?
LMNOPQRST
mo tsukimashita ka?
no, not yet ie, mada desu youll have to wait a little longer yet mo shibaraku
Zen sect
Zenshu Zendera
English Japanese
kakarimas
yoghurt
vwxyz {|}
anata (pl) anatatachi
this is for you
yoguruto
zero
zip
you* (sing)
fasuna
~
kore wa anata
with you young
ni agemas
wakai anata no
your(s)* (sing)
anata to issho ni
./01 234
yubimbango
dobutsuen
ABCDEFGHIJKLZo
(pl) anatatachi no
youth hostel
yusu-hosteru
Z
Zen Buddhism
Zen
Zen garden
Zentei
Zen priest
Zenso
175
Japanese English
178
Japanese English
Colloquialisms
The following are words you may well hear.You shouldnt be tempted to use any of the stronger ones unless you are sure of your audience.
aho! fool! baka! you fool!, stupid bastard! bakamitai stupid bakayaro! damn fool! bijin beautiful woman charinko bicycle chikusho! damn!, hell! (literally: beast) chotto! hey! damare! shut up! domo thanks; hi gaijin foreigner ja ne bye, cheerio kakko i trendy; cool; handsome kireru blow ones top konoyaro! damn fool! kuso! shit! maji de honestly; really mansatsu ten-thousand yen note mashi better meshi meal shinjirannai unbelievable subarashi! fantastic! sugoi! great!, super!; well done! tondemo nai! no way! urusai! shut up! uso! thats a lie! usotsuki! liar! yada! no!; yuk! yokatta! good!
ABCDEFGHIJKL
A
abekku lovers, a couple abunai dangerous atchi e itte! go away! agemasu to give ago chin; jaw aibeya ni narimasu to share (room) aimasu to meet aiseki shimasu to share (table) aji taste; flavour Ajia Asia Ajia (no) Asian akachan baby akai red akemasu to open akemashite omedeto gozaimasu! Happy New Year! aki autumn, (U S) fall akiraka (na) clear, obvious akuseru accelerator amai sweet (taste) amari not very much amari oku nai not many ame candies, sweets; rain Amerika Gasshukoku USA ana hole anata (ga) you (sing) anata no your; yours anata o you (sing) anata wa you (sing) anata wa desu you are anatatachi (ga) you (p l) anatatachi no your; yours (p l) anatatachi o you (p l) anatatachi wa you (p l) ane sister (ones own: older)
ani brother (ones own: older) annaisho information desk ano that; those (further away) anzen (na) safe aoi blue apato apartment, flat araimasu to wash arashi storm aratamatta formal are that; that one; those (further away) arigato thank you, thanks arimasen: sore ja arimasen
Japanese English
holic
ABCDEFGHIJKLAt
after tomor-
row
asayu-nishoku-tsuki
half board ashi leg; foot ashikubi ankle ashita tomorrow ashita no asa tomorrow morning ashita no gogo tomorrow afternoon asobiba playground asoko ni up there; over there assatte the day after tomorrow atama head atama ga i intelligent atamakin deposit (as part payment)
179
atarashi new atatakai warm; mild atchi: atchi e itte! go away! atchi no ho desu its that
way after; afterwards, later, later on atsumemasu to collect atsui thick; hot azayaka (na) bright
ato de
bijutsu-kan art gallery bimbo poor bimmei flight number bin jar; bottle biniru-bukuro carrier bag,
180
Japanese English
plastic bag
binsen writing pad biru building biru beer biyoin hairdressers (womens) biza visa bochi cemetery boi porter (in hotel) boku (ga) I (fam, m) boku no my; mine (fam, m) boku o me (fam, m) bokushi priest (Christian) boku wa I (fam, m) bonnetto bonnet, (U S)
B
baka (na) silly; stupid baka! you fool! bakageta ridiculous bakkin fine (punishment) ban van bango number bango o machigaemashita
ABCDEFGHIJKLAt
hood
boru ball borupen ballpoint pen boshi cap, hat boto boat braja bra bubun part, bit oki bubun a big bit bucho director, head of
wrong number
bangumi programme bansoko plasters, Bandaid basu-ryoko coach trip basu-taminaru coach station,
bus station
basu-tei bus stop basu-tsuki no heya
with a private bathroom beddo bed (W estern-style) bengoshi lawyer benri (na) convenient beruto belt besuto waistcoat betsubetsu (no) separate betsu no another, different bijinesu-hoteru business hotel bijutsu art
department
budo martial arts Bukkyo Buddhism Bukkyo (no) Buddhist Bukkyoto Buddhist bunraku traditional puppet
theatre
butsudan house altar byo second (of time) byobu screen byoin hospital
chome
Japanese English
blocks
choshi ga okashi faulty choshoku breakfast choshoku-tsuki yado bed
C
cha-iro (no) brown -chan diminutive suffix
and
just a
minute!
chotto sumimasen!
added to childs name or familiar suffix used between friends and family chanto properly chawan bowl (porcelain) chekku-in shimasu to check in chibusa breast chichi father (ones own) chigai difference chigau different chiho region, district chikai near, nearby chikatetsu underground, (U S) subway chiki area chimu team chippu tip chirashi leaflet chisai small chizu map cho area chodo koko de right here choka-tenimotsu excess baggage chokusetsu (no) direct chokutsu direct chokyori-basu coach, bus chokyori-denwa long-distance call
excuse
me!
Chugoku China Chugoku (no) Chinese chuibukai careful chuko (no) second-hand chukurai (no) medium, medi-
um-sized
chumon order chumon shimasu to order chusha injection chushajo car park, parking chushin centre chushoku lunch chushoku-go after lunch
ABCDEFGHIJKLDa
lot
D
double; double room; double whisky -dai classifier for machines, cars, bikes and stereos daidokoro kitchen daigaku college; university daihyo representative daihyo-teki (na) typical daijobu all right, OK; no problem daisuki desu to love
daburu
181
daitai roughly, approximately daitoryo president (of country) daiyaru shimasu to dial dake only, just dambo heater, heating dame! dont! dame desu! certainly not! sore wa dame desu its no
182
Japanese English
good
dandan gradually dansei men dansei-yo toire gents toilet,
mens room
dantai party, group dare? who? dare ka anybody; somebody,
someone nobody, no-one; none dasshimen cotton wool, absorbent cotton de by, by means of; with; at; on; in deguchi exit, way out dekakemasu to go away dekimas can dekimasen cannot dekireba hopefully dekirudake as ... as possible dekirudake hayaku as soon as possible demo but; even the demo demo nai neither ... nor ... denatsu voltage denchi battery dengon message denki electricity; light
dare mo -masen
shaving point electrical appliances denki-ya electrician; electrical goods shop denkyu light bulb densensei (no) infectious densha train denshi-renji microwave (oven) dento-teki (na) traditional denwa telephone, phone denwabango phone number denwabango-annai directory enquiries denwacho phone book denwa shimasu to call, to phone depato department store desu be; am; is; are; it is anata wa desu you are ... watashi wa desu I am ... desu ka? is it ...? deshita were; was; it was dewa mata see you again dizeru-sha diesel do degree do? how? do shimashita ka? whats the matter? do itashimashite dont mention it, youre welcome doa door doaboi doorman dobutsu animal dobutsu-en zoo
denki-seihin
ABCDEFGHIJKLDa
Japanese English
E
to; towards; until; painting, picture; drawing e yes ehagaki postcard eiga film, movie eigakan cinema, movie theater Eigo English (language) Eigo de in English eigyo-chu open eigyojikan opening times Eikoku Britain Eikoku (no) British eizu AIDS eki train station empitsu pencil em-saizu medium en circle; yen erabimasu to choose erebeta lift, elevator eri collar eru-saiz large eya-kon air-conditioning
e
(one) of them
dochiraka either of them dochira-sama desu ka? whos
calling?
Doitsu Germany Doitsu (no) German dokan desu I agree; all right doka yamete kudasai please
dont
doko? where? doko desu ka? where is doko demo everywhere;
it?
anywhere
doko ka somewhere dokushin single, not married domo thanks; hi domo arigato thanks domo sumimasen sorry dono? which? dore? which one? dore mo -masen none doro mud dorobo thief dorochizu road map;
ABCDEFGHIJKLFu
streetmap
doshite des ka?
why?; why go
not?
Doyobi Saturday dozo I dont mind, please
F
fakkusu fax fakkusu o okurimasu to fax fasuna zip Fransu (no) French Fransu-go French (language) furonto reception desk (in hotel) furonto-gakari receptionist (in hotel)
ahead; here you are dozo osaki ni after you dozo yoroshiku pleased to meet you
183
furonto-garasu windscreen fu city fuben (na) inconvenient fufu married couple fujinfuku-uriba ladies wear fukai deep fukano(na) impossible fukin tea towel Fukkatsusai Easter fukumimasu to include fukutsu stomachache fukuro bag, paper bag fumi flavour fumoto bottom fun minute fune boat, ship funsui fountain (ornamental) furui old; stale fusuma sliding door (patterned) futa cap; lid futatsu two; a couple futo envelope futon mattress; bedding futotta fat futsuka two days futsukayoi hangover futsu local intercity train futsu(no) ordinary, usual fuyu winter fuyukai (na) unpleasant
G
ga
subject particle that emphasizes the subject ga arimasu there is ...; there are ...
ga arimasen no ...; theres no ...; there are no ... gaido guide gaijin foreigner gaikoku abroad gaikoku (no) foreign gaikoku-go foreign language gaikoku-jin foreigner gaishutsu shimasu to go out gaku amount gake cliff gakkari shita disappointed gakki term (at university, school) gakko school gakusei student Gantan New Years Day garakuta rubbish garasu glass gasorin petrol, (U S) gas gasorin-sutando petrol station, (U S) gas station geijutsu-ka artist gekijo theatre genkan doorway, entrance, porch genki? how are you? genki de ne take care, bye, see you genkin cash genkin-jido-shiharaiki cash dispenser, ATM genkin ni kaemasu to cash genzo film processing genzo shimasu to develop geta wooden sandals geto gate (at airport) getsu month (this, last, next etc)
184
Japanese English
ABCDEFGHIJKLFu
Getsuyobi Monday gezai laxative gin silver ginko bank (money) giri no imoto sister-in-law (ones own: younger) giri no musuko son-in-law (ones own) giri no musume daughter-inlaw (ones own) giri no oka-san mother-inlaw (someone elses) giri no one-san sister-in-law (someone elses: older) giri no oni-san brother-inlaw (someone elses: older) giri no oto-san father-in-law (someone elses) giri no ototo brother-in-law (ones own: younger) go five go- polite prefix -go after gochiso-sama deshita it was delicious (literally: it was a feast) gogaku-kosu language
ka? how are you? gokigenyo! have a nice day! gomu rubber (material) gomennasai excuse me,
Japanese English
sorry
gomi rubbish, trash; waste gomibako bin; dustbin,
trashcan
goro about, approximately goryoshin parents (someone elses) goshujin husband (someone elses) gozen am gozen shichiji ni at 7am gun county gurinsha first-class carriage gurinsha-joshaken first-class gyoretsu
ABCDEFGHIJKLHa
H
ha tooth haburashi toothbrush hachi eight; wasp Hachigatsu August hachi-ju eighty hae fly haguki gum (in mouth) haha mother (ones own) hai yes; lungs -hai classifier meaning
course
Gogatsu May gogo afternoon, pm kyono gogo ni this after-
noon
go-hyaku five hundred go-ju fifty gojusho address gojusho wa? whats your
glassful or cupful
hai-iro (no) grey hai-oku unleaded petrol hairimasu to come in haisha dentist
address?
gokei total gokigen: gokigen ikaga desu
185
haita toothache haitatsu delivery haitatsu shimasu to deliver haizara ashtray hajimarimasu to begin hajime beginning hajimemasu to start hajimemashite how do you
opposed to
hap-pyaku eight hundred harai-modoshi refund hareta fine (weather); swollen harete imasu its sunny; its
186
Japanese English
swollen
hari needle haru spring hasami scissors hashi bridge (over river);
chopsticks
hashirimasu to run hata flag hatake field hayai fast, quick; early hayaku quickly hei fence heikin-teki average (not good) hempi (na) secluded hen (na) weird, strange, odd heya accommodation; room hi fire; day hidari left hidari e to the left hidari ni on the left hidari-kiki (no) left-handed hidoi bad; dreadful; nasty hidoku badly hifu skin higaeri-ryoko day trip higashi east hiji elbow hijoguchi fire escape; emer-
ABCDEFGHIJKLHa
occupied
hanashimasu
to speak; to a
talk
hana-ya florists han-dasu (no) half
dozen
handobaggu bag, handbag, (U S) purse hanemasu to knock over hangaku half fare hangaku (no) half-price hanjikan half an hour hankagai city centre, down-
town
hanko personal seal hannama (na) not cooked han-rittoru half a litre hantai opposite to hantai (no) against,
gency exit
hikage shade hikari light -hiki classifier for animals hikidashi drawer hikimasu to pull; to play
hodo nai less ...than hohoemimasu to smile hoka the rest hoka hoka bento lunch
Japanese English
box
shop something else, anything else hoka niwa nai desu nothing else hoka no other hoken insurance hoki brush hoko direction hokori dust hokusei northwest hokuto northeast hommono (no) real, genuine homo (no) gay hon book -hon classfier for pens, cigarettes and other cylindrical objects hone bone hone ga oreta broken hon no sukoshi just a little honto (ni) really hontodesu ka? really? honto(no) true honya bookshop, bookstore honyaku translation honyaku shimasu to translate honyubin babys bottle horitsu law hoseki jewellery hoseki-ten jewellers hoshi star hoshidesu to want hosho guarantee
hoka ni nani ka
ABCDEFGHIJKLHo
more
hitotsu (no) a, an hitsuyo (na) necessary, essen-
tial
hiyake tan, suntan; sunburn hiyake-dome sunblock hiyake shimasu to get a tan hiyo ga kakarimasu to cost hiza knee ho cheek (on face) hodo pavement, sidewalk
187
hoshokin deposit hososhi wrapping paper hossa fit, attack hotai bandage; dressing hoteru hotel hoteru no heya hotel room hotoke-sama Buddha hotondo almost, nearly hotondo -masen hardly hyaku hundred hyaku man million hyoshiki sign
ikikata route ikimasu to go ikimasho! lets go! ikitai desu Id like to ikkai ground floor, (U S)
188
Japanese English
first
how much is
it?
ikutsu?
old?
ikutsuka (no) several ima now; just, only just ima wa dame desu not just
I
i
now
ima nanji desu ka?
what
good
time is it?
imamade ni ever imasu to say; to call imeiru e-mail imoto sister (ones own: younger) inaka country; countryside Indo (no) Indian inryosui drinking water intachenji interchange (on motorway) inu dog ippai full; a glass of ippai ni shimasu to fill up ippaku (no) overnight ippan-teki (na) general iraira suru annoying irasshaimase may I help
i desu thats good; thats fine ichi one ichiba market ichiban suki (na) favourite ichi-dasu (no) dozen Ichigatsu January ichinichi-ju all day ichiryu (no) excellent ie house ie no igai dewa apart from igai wa except Igirisu Britain Igirisu (no) British Igirisu-jin British person Igirisu-pondo sterling ijo over, more than sore ijo more than that ika less than, under ikebana flower arrangement iki-iki shita lively
ABCDEFGHIJKLHo
you
ireba dentures iriguchi entrance, way iro colour iseki ruins
in
isha doctor ishi stone, rock isogashi busy isogimasu to hurry issho ni together to issho ni with issoku pair; pair of
Japanese English
machine ...
jidosha-hoken green card (car insurance) jikan time; hour jiko accident jikokuhyo timetable, (U S)
shoes/socks
isu chair Isuramukyo (no) Muslim itadakimasu! enjoy your
schedule
jimen ground jimoto no local jimusho office jinja shrine jishin earthquake jitensha bicycle, bike jitensha-okiba bicycle park jodan joke johin (na) posh joho information jokyaku passenger josei woman; lady ju ten; gun; rifle jubun enough judai (na) serious Jugatsu October ju-go fifteen jugyo lesson ju-hachi eighteen ju-ichi eleven Juichigatsu November jujiro crossroads, intersection jukushita ripe ju-kyu nineteen ju-ni twelve Junigatsu December ju-roku sixteen ju-san thirteen ju-shichi seventeen
ABCDEFGHIJKLJu
as
J
ja well jaguchi tap, faucet jama shimasu to disturb ja mata see you later ja ne bye, cheerio ji oclock
189
jusho address jushoroku address jutai traffic jam jutan carpet ju-yon fourteen
book
190
Japanese English
ited stops
kaji fire (blaze) kakebuton duvet kakejiku scroll (hanging) kakemasu to switch on (engine); to play (music) kakimasu to write kakitome-yubin de by regis-
K
ka mosquito ka ka either ... or ... ka? question particle kaban bag kabe wall kabin vase kacho section chief kado card kado-denwa cardphone kaerimasu to go back, to
tered mail
kakunin shimasu to confirm kamban sign kamera-ya camera shop kami paper; hair kami-omutsu disposable nap-
pies/diapers
kami-sama God kamisori razor kampai! cheers! kampeki (na) perfect kanari fairly, pretty, quite; a
ABCDEFGHIJKLJu
return
kaeshimasu to give back kagu furniture kagami mirror kagetsu month (one, two, three etc) kagi key; lock kagi o akemasu to unlock kago basket kai floor, storey kaichudento torch kaidan steps, stairs kaigan coast kaigi meeting (business); con-
bit
kanari takusan quite a lot kanari (no) fair (amount) kanashi sad kanemochi (no) rich (person) kangae idea kangaemasu to think kangeikai reception (for guests) kangofu nurse (woman) kangoshi nurse (man) kanji character (written);
ference
kaigishitsu conference room kaikaishiki opening ceremo-
Chinese character
kanjimasu to feel kankiri can-opener, tin-
ny
kaikei cash desk kaimasu to buy
opener
kanko-annaijo
tourist infor-
mation office
Kankoku South Korea Kankoku (no) Korean kankoryoko trip, excursion,
Japanese English
sightseeing tour
kannushi Shinto priest kano(na) possible kanojo (ga) she kanojo no her; hers kanojo o her kanojo wa she kanojotachi (ga) they (f ) kanojotachi no their; theirs (f ) kanojotachi o them (f ) kanojotachi wa they (f ) kanpai! cheers! kanrishoku executive kansen infection kansha (no) grateful kantan (na) simple, easy kanzen ni completely kanzo liver (in body) kanzume can kao face kappu cup kappuru couple kara from; since kara (no) empty karada body karada ni i healthy karai hot, spicy kare he kare ga he kare no his kare o him kare wa he karera (ga) they (m ) karera no their; theirs (m )
hire; to borrow karui light (not heavy) kasa umbrella kashimasu to lend kashikoi clever kashu singer; pop singer kata shoulder kataho one end; one side katai hard katamichi-kippu single ticket, one-way ticket katto cut kawa leather; river kawaita dry kawari ni instead kawase-tegata bankers draft kawatta odd, strange, peculiar Kayobi Tuesday kazan volcano kaze wind kazoku family kazu number, figure kega o shita injured keiba race (for horses) keieisha manager (in business) keikan policeman keisatsu police keisatsusho police station keitai-denwa mobile phone keiyaku contract keiyu stopover keiyu de via kekko desu all right, fine ie kekko desu no thanks kekkon marriage
191
ABCDEFGHIJKLKe
married
kekkon shite imasu ka?
are
you married?
kekkon-kinen-bi
wedding
anniversary
kekkon-shiki wedding kekkon-yubiwa wedding
ring
kekkyoku after all kemuri smoke ken ticket; prefecture kendo Japanese fencing keneki quarantine kenka fight kenko (na) healthy keredomo although kesa this morning keshiki scenery keshimasu to switch off kesho make-up keshohin cosmetics keshoshitsu ladies toilets,
kikimasu to listen kikoemasu to hear kimasu to come kimemasu to decide kimi (ga) you (sing, fam) kimi no your; yours (sing, fam) kimi o you (sing, fam) kimi wa you (sing, fam) kimochi no i pleasant kimono kimono; Japanese
192
Japanese English
clothes
kimpatsu (no) blond kin gold kinen-hi monument kinen-koshitsu nonsmoking
compartment
kingyo goldfish kinkyu emergency kinkyu (na) urgent kino yesterday kino no asa yesterday
ABCDEFGHIJKLKe
morning
kinu silk Kinyobi Friday kinyushimasu to fill in kinzoku metal kion temperature (weather) ki o tsukete! look out! kippu ticket kippu-uriba box office; tick-
ladies room
kesshite -masen never ketsueki blood kewashi steep ki tree; mind; heart kibako wooden box kibo hope kibun feeling kicho(na) valuable kiete iru off (lights) kigaemasu to get changed kiji material (fabric) kikai machine kikan period (of time) kiken (na) risky
et office
kirai desu hate kirei (na) beautiful; pretty;
nice; clean
kirei ni shimasu kiri mist, fog kirimasu to cut kiroi yellow
to clean up
kisu kiss kishibe shore (of lake) kissa-ten teahouse; caf kis shimasu to kiss kita north Kita-Chosen North Korea kitai hazure (no) disappoint-
here
wa koko desu
Japanese English
here is/are
...
masa ni koko de just here koko ni over here koko no kore desu this one
here
kokonoka ninth kokonotsu nine kokuritsu (no) national kokusai-teki (na)
ing to look forward to kitanai dirty kitsui tight kitte stamp -ko classifer for fruit, cakes, eggs and small chunky objects koban police box kocha tea (drink) kodo wire; lead kodomo child; children kodomo-yo (no) childrens koe voice koen park kogai open air kogai suburb Kogo-Heika Empress of Japan kohei (na) fair, impartial kohi coffee koi carp koin-randori launderette, laundromat kojo factory koka coin kokan-reto exchange rate kokkyo border (of country) kokunaisen domestic flight koko here koko desu right here, just
kitai shimasu
international
kokuseki nationality kokubin de by airmail kokubinyo futo airmail
enve-
lope
kokyu (na) upmarket komban tonight, this
evening
ABCDEFGHIJKLKo
193
komban wa good evening kome rice (uncooked) komichi path komori child minder kona-sekken soap powder konda crowded konde iru busy kondo next time kon-iro (no) navy (blue) konkai this time konkuru contest konnichi wa hello kono this; these konoha leaf konosaki down the road kono shita desu down here konsento power point koppu glass kore this; this one; these kore desu ka this one here
kore kara in future kore wa desu this is ... korekuto-koru reverse charge
payphone
kosobiru skyscraper kosokudoro motorway, free-
kuchi mouth kuchibeni lipstick kuchibiru lips kudaketa informal kudamono fruit Kugats September kuishimbo (no) greedy kujira whale kujo complaint kujoo imas to complain kuki air kuko airport kumo spider kumori (no) cloudy, dull -kun suffix used when
194
Japanese English
way, highway
kossetsu fracture kosui perfume kotatsu footwarmer kotchi this; this way; here koto coat kotoba word, language kotsu traffic kotsujiko road accident kottohin antique kottohin-ten antique shop kowareta damaged; broken kowarete imasu out of order kowashimasu to break, to
ABCDEFGHIJKLKo
have ...?
-te kuremasen ka?
could
you ...?
kurikaeshimasu to repeat Kurisumasu-Ibu Christmas
Eve
kuro black kuroi dark kuroku cloakroom kuruma car kushami o shimasu to sneeze kushi comb kutsu shoe kutsu-himo shoelaces kutsunaoshi shoe repairer kutsu no soko sole (of shoe) kutsuzumi shoe polish kuzushimasu to change
damage
koza bank account, account kozeni change, money kozui flood kozutsumi parcel, package kusa grass kusuri drug, medicine kusuri-ya pharmacy ku ward, area of a city kubi neck
(money) kyaku customer kyakusha coach, carriage kyakushitsu compartment kyakushitsu-gakari maid kyanseru-machi standby kyo today kyodai brother kyodo-keiei-sha partner (i n business) kyoka permit kyokai church kyoku-dome-yubin poste restante kyori distance kyoryoku help kyu nine kyuden palace kyugyo closed kyu-hyaku nine hundred kyu-ju ninety kyuka holiday, vacation kyukei-jikan interval kyuko express train kyukyubako first-aid kit kyukyubyoto casualty department kyukyusha ambulance kyureki lunar calendar kyusuiki fountain (for drinking)
machigai error, mistake machigatta false, not true machimasu to wait mada still; only; yet ie, mada desu not yet made to; up to; until; as far
Japanese English
as
Mokyobi made ni
by window
seat
mae ago; front ichijikan mae an hour ago sono mae no hi the day
before
mae motte in advance mae ni in front, at the front;
ABCDEFGHIJKLMa
magarikado turning (in road) magomusuko grandson (ones own) magomusume granddaughter (ones own) mahobin Thermos flask -mai classifier for pieces of
M
mabushi bright machi town; area machi-awase-basho
meeting
place
paper, tickets and other thin, flat objects mainichi (no) daily majime (na) serious makura pillow makura-kaba pillow case mama mum mama desu not bad, so-so manga comic book manikyua nail varnish mannaka middle manshon apartment block Mare-hanto (no) Malay
195
maroyaka (na) mild masaka! oh no! -masen not -masen deshita didnt mata again mata wa or matsu pine mattaku chigaimasu defi-
nitely not
mattaku sono tori desu
defi-
nitely
mawari-michi
diversion,
detour
mayaku drugs (narcotics) mayonaka midnight mayonaka ni in the middle
migi e to the right migi ni on the right mihon-ichi fair; trade fair mijikai brief, short mikka third mimasu to look at; to see mimi ear mimi ga kikoenai deaf minami south o minami in the south minato harbour, port mingeihin-ten craft shop minikui ugly minna everyone; all wa minna all the ... minshuku guesthouse miryoku-teki (na) attractive mise shop mitsukemasu to find mittsu three mizu water mizugi swimming trunks;
196
Japanese English
ABCDEFGHIJKLMa
swimming costume
mizumi lake mizusashi jug mo also, too; even; both
(goods)
menzeihin-ten
duty-free hardly
shop
metta ni not often metta ni -masen
ever
mezurashi
rare, uncommon,
unusual
miatarimasen missing michi road midori (no) green midori no madoguchi ticket migi
counter right
... and; neither ... nor mo already mo hitotsu another, one more mochimasu to have; to carry; to hold mochinushi owner mochiron of course mochiron chigaimasu of course not mochite handle modorimasu to get back, to return
back
mofu blanket mokutekichi destination Mokuyobi Thursday momen cotton momo thigh mon gate mondai problem mono thing more leak mori woods, forest moshi if moshi demo even if ... moshi-moshi hello; Im still
mukogawa across mune chest, breast mura village murasaki (no) purple, violet muryo free of charge mushi insect mushi-atsui humid mushi-sasare insect bite musuko son (ones own) musume daughter (ones own) muttsu six muzukashi hard, difficult myoji surname
Japanese English
N
nadare avalanche nagai long nagai aida a long time nagame view nagashi sink nagemasu to throw naisen telephone extension naka inside naka e hairimasu to go in nakai-san maid naka ni inside -nakereba narimasen I must
here
mosukoshi
some more, a little bit more motte kimasu to bring; to fetch motto more motto i better motto sukunaku less motto takusan a lot more motto toku further moyo pattern muchu(na) crazy muen-gasorin unleaded petrol muika sixth muishiki (no) unconscious muji (no) plain mukai no opposite mukashi-fu (no) old-fashioned muko there; over there muko desu, muko ni over there
ABCDEFGHIJKLNa
...
nakimasu to cry nakunarimasu to disappear nakushimasu to lose nama (no) raw namae name; first name,
given name
namake-mono lazy nana seven nana-hyaku seven hundred
197
nana-ju seventy nanatsu seven nani? what? nani desu ka? what? sore wa nani desu ka?
netsu fever; temperature netsuppoi feverish nezumi mouse; rat ni two; to; in; at; into; on;
198
Japanese English
whats that?
nani demo i desu
it doesnt
matter
nani ka something, anything nani ka ka? would you
else
nanoka seventh nansei southwest nante imashita? pardon
(me)?, sorry?
nanto southeast naorimasu to cure naoshimasu to mend nao warui desu its worse;
much worse
naraimasu to learn narubeku hayaku as
soon as
possible
naruhodo I see; indeed nashi de without natsu summer nazenara because ne? isnt it?, havent we?,
indirect object particle double; twice as much ni-bamme (no) second nibui stupid nichibotsu sunset Nichiyobi Sunday nigai bitter Nigatsu February nihodoki shimasu to unpack Nihon Japan Nihon (no) Japanese Nihongo Japanese (language) Nihongo de in Japanese Nihon-jin Japanese (person) ni-hyaku two hundred ni-ju twenty niku meat ni-kai first floor, (U S) second floor; twice nikki diary (for personal experiences) nikko sunshine niku-ya butchers nimotsu luggage, baggage nimotsu o tsumemasu to pack -nin classifier for people ningyo doll ningyo-geki puppet show ninki no aru popular ninshin-chu (no) pregnant Nippon Japan nise (no) fake nishi west
ni-bai (no)
ABCDEFGHIJKLNa
nishukan fortnight ni-to second class (train etc) niwa garden niwaka-ame shower (of rain) no of; possessive particle no aida ni between; during nodo throat nodo no itami sore throat no hoe towards nojo farm nokku shimasu to knock nomi flea nomimasu to drink nomimono drink no mukoni beyond norikaemasu to change (trains etc) norimasu to get on (train etc) no shita ni under (in position) no soba near; by umi no soba by the sea no soba ni beside no soko ni at the bottom of no soto ni outside no tame ni because of; for no tonari next to no ue on no ushiro ni behind nuimasu to sew nunoji cloth, fabric nureta wet nusumimasu to steal nyujoryo admission charge
o-ai-dekite ureshidesu
O
o object particle o- polite prefix
nice to meet you oba overcoat oba-san aunt oba-san grandmother (someone elses) Obei the West Obei (no) Western Obei-jin Westerner obi sash oboete imasu to remember obon tray ocha green tea odori main road; avenue odorimasu to dance odoroku-hodo (no) astonishing ofuku-kippu return ticket, round-trip ticket ofuro bath ofuro-ba bathroom ofuro-tsuki de ... ... with bathroom ogenki desu ka? how are you? ohayogozaimasu good morning oi nephew (ones own) oishi delicious oji-san uncle oji-san grandfather ojo-san daughter (someone elses) oku much oku nai not a lot oka hill okagesama de fine; well okane money
199
Japanese English
ABCDEFGHIJKLOk
okane o tsukaimasu to spend okanjo bill, (U S) check oka-san mother okashi funny, strange oki big, large okimasu to get up; to leave;
200
Japanese English
you
hai, onegai shimasu
yes,
please
one-san sister ongaku music ongak-ka musician oni-san brother onna no ko girl onsen hot spring Oranda Holland Oranda (no) Dutch orenji-iro (no) orange origami paper folding orikaeshi denwa shimasu
to keep; to put okiwasuremasu to leave behind okorimasu to happen okotta angry oku-san wife (someone elses) okugai outdoor okunai indoor okure delay okurimasu to send okurimono gift okyaku-sama guest okyu-teate first aid omago-san grandchild (someone elses) omatase sorry to keep you waiting omatsuri festival omawari-san policeman omedeto! congratulations! Omisoka New Years Eve omiyage souvenir omo (na) main omocha toy omoi serious, grave; heavy omoimas to think omosa weight omoshiroi exciting; interesting; funny, amusing omutsu nappy, diaper onaji the same onaji yo (na) similar onaka stomach
to ring back orimasu to get out; to get off oroshimasu to let off osake alcoholic drink osaki ni good night; goodbye; see you osenko joss stick oshare (na) trendy, fashionable oshibori moistened hand towel oshikomi-goto burglary oshimasu to push oshire cupboard, closet oshiri hip; bottom Oshogatsu New Year osoi slow; late osoku slowly osoraku probably osoroshi horrible, awful ososhiki funeral osugi too many, too much
ABCDEFGHIJKLOk
osugimasu that is too much osuwari kudasai sit down otanjobi omedeto gozaimasu!
puratto-homu
Japanese English
happy birthday!
otera Buddhist temple otoko no hito man otoko no ko boy otona adult oto-san father; dad otoshiyori old person ototo brother (ones own: younger) ototoi the day before yester-
R
raishu next week raishu no ashita a
week
tomorrow
raishu no kyo a week today rai-u thunderstorm regyura regular unleaded
day
owan bowl owari end owarimasu to finish owarimashita its finished oyasuminasai good night oya-yubi thumb oyogimasu to swim
petrol
rei example reitoshita frozen reizoko fridge rekkasha breakdown service renji cooker renta-ka rented car; car
ABCDEFGHIJKLRy
rental
rentaru (no) to rent, for hire renzu lens; camera lens; con-
P
pachinko pinball pakku-ryoko package
tact lens holireshito receipt rimujin-basu airport bus rinsu conditioner (for hair) roji lane roku six roka corridor Rokugatsu June roku-ju sixty romendensha tram roppyaku six hundred rosenzu network map rosoku candle ryo amount (quantity) ryogae-jo bureau de change ryogae-reto exchange rate
day
pan bread panfuretto brochure panku puncture pantisutokkingu tights,
pantyhose
pantsu underpants; shorts pan-ya bakers piru contraceptive pill poppusu pop music posuto letterbox, mailbox purasutikku plastic
201
inn
ryokin charge; fare; rental ryokinbako fare box ryoko journey sore dewa tanoshi ryoko o!
able
sakana-ya fishmongers sakasama upside down sakazuki sake cup saki first sakihodo earlier sakura cherry blossom sakura no ki cherry tree -sama Mr; Mrs; Ms; Miss sambashi jetty sam-byaku three hundred samonaito otherwise sampatsu haircut (mans) samui cold san three -san Mr; Mrs; Ms; Miss Sangatsu March san-ju thirty san-kai second floor, (U S)
202
Japanese English
S
sabisu-ryo service charge sagashimasu to search, to
ABCDEFGHIJKLRy
look for
sai-aku (no) worst saifu purse; wallet saigai disaster saigo (no) final, last saijitsu public holiday saijokai top floor saikin recently saiko(no) best saishin (no) latest, most
recent, up-to-date
saisho (no) first saisho ni at first saishoku-shugisha saizu size sakana fish
vegetarian
salaried worker surface mail, overland mail sato sugar -satsu classifier for books sawagashi loud sayonara goodbye se ga takai tall seifu government seihin product seijo(na) normal seika net price seikaku (na) accurate seikyusho bill, (U S) check; invoice seiri period (menstruation) seiri-yonapukin sanitary napsarubin
kins/towels
seishiki (na) formal seiyo(no) Occidental sekai world seki seat; cough sekken soap semai narrow (street) -semasu to let, to allow semmendai washhand basin sempuki fan (electrical) sen thousand; line; plug (i n sink) senaka back (of body) senaka no itami backache senchi centimetre sennuki bottle-opener se no hikui short sensei teacher; polite form
Japanese English
flight
sewa o shimasu to look after shacho managing director, president (of company) shako garage (for parking) shareta posh sharin wheel shasen lane (on motorway) shashin photo; picture shatsu shirt shawa-tsuki (no) with shower shi death; city; four shiai game, match shibafu lawn shibai play (in theatre) shibutsu belongings shichaku shimasu to try on shichaku-shitsu fitting room shichi seven Shichigatsu July shigai-kyokuban dialling
of address for teachers, doctors, dentists etc senshitsu cabin senshu last week senshukara since last week senshuno Kinyobi last Friday sensu fan sentak-ki washing machine sentaku-mono washing, laundry sentaku-ya laundry (place) sento public baths senyono basu-toire private bathroom senzai washing powder serotepu Sellotape, Scotch tape sesshi centigrade seta pullover, sweater setomono china setsubi equipment
ABCDEFGHIJKLSh
203
to do; to play; to give; to make; to work (as); to taste; to smell; to feel; to sound; to cost shimatta closed shimbun newspaper, paper shimbunya newsagents shimemasu to shut shimetta damp shimo frost shimpai worried
shimasu shinai: shinai ho ga i desu
shita downstairs; tongue shita (ni) below shita e ikimasu to go down shite: shite kuremasen ka?
204
Japanese English
quiet
shizuka ni! quiet! shobosho fire brigade shodoku-zai antiseptic shogi Japanese chess shogo midday, noon shohosen prescription shoji sliding door (wooden lattice and paper) shoka-furyo indigestion shokai shimasu to introduce shokaki fire extinguisher shokbutsu plant shokudosha restaurant car,
car
shingo traffic lights shingu bedding (W esternstyle) shinguru single room shinguru-beddo single bed shinimasu to die shinjirannai unbelievable shinkansen bullet train shinsen (na) fresh shinsetsu (na) friendly, nice;
ABCDEFGHIJKLSh
kind; generous
shinshifuku-uriba menswear shinshitsu bedroom shintai-shogai-sha disabled
buffet car
shokuji meal shokuji o shimasu
to have to do the
dinner
shokki o araimasu
washing-up
check
shirafu (no) sober shirimasen I dont shiro castle shiroi white
liquid
shokuryohin food (in shop) shokuryohin-ten food shomei
shop/store signature
shomeisho certificate shonin witness shorai future shorui document shotai invitation shotai shimasu to invite shotsu pants, panties shu week (this, last, next etc) shujin husband (ones own) shukai meeting shukan custom; week (one, two, three etc) shukyo religion shumatsu weekend shumi hobby shuppatsu departure shuppatsu-raunji departure
Japanese English
not so much
sonna ni waruku nai
not so
bad
sono the; that (nearby) sono tori desu thats it sono toki then, at that time so-on noise sora sky sore it; that (nearby); that one (nearby); those; them (objects) sore dake desu thats all sore de i desu ka? is that
OK?
sore desu that one sore wa des it is ... sore zembu all of it sorekara and then sorera (ga) they (inanimate objects) sorera no their; theirs (inanimate objects) sorera o them (inanimate objects) sorera wa they (inanimate objects) sorezore (no) each, every soridaijin prime minister soryo Buddhist priest soshite and soto ni outside sozai-ya delicatessen sutando lamp suteki (na) lovely sutemasu to throw away subarashi beautiful; excel-
lounge
shuppatsu shimasu
to leave,
ABCDEFGHIJKLSu
to depart
shuri shimasu to repair shurui type, make, brand
name
shutcho business trip shuten terminus sukoshi a little bit, not
ited mileage
sokutatsu express (mail) somatsu (na) poor (quality)
205
206
Japanese English
not
tada free of charge tadashi correct, right taifu typhoon Taiheiyo Pacific Ocean taikutsu bored taikutsu (na) boring taira (na) flat taisetsu (na) important taishikan embassy taitei most; mostly, most
soon
sugu ni
straightaway; in a
minute
-sugimasu too sugoi super, great sugoi! well done! suichu-yokusen hydrofoil suido-ya plumber suijo-ski waterskiing suitchi switch Suiyobi Wednesday sujitsu mae the other day suki: ga suki desu ka? do
like
it
sumi corner sumi ni in the corner sumimasen thanks; sorry;
may I?
suna sand sunde imasu to live sunika trainers supa supermarket suppai sour suwarimasu to sit down suzushi cool
T
tabako cigarette tabemasu to eat tabemono food tabitabi (no) frequent
of the time taitei no most taiyo sun takai high; expensive; tall takasa height take bamboo takkyu table tennis tako kite tako-age kite-flying takusan a lot, lots takusan (no) much; many; a lot, lots takusan no plenty of ..., a lot of ... takushi-noriba taxi rank takushi no unten-shu taxidriver takuwae supply tambo paddy field tameshimasu to try tana shelf tani valley tanjobi birthday tanomimasu to ask tanoshimimasu to enjoy oneself
ABCDEFGHIJKLSu
address
tento tent teppen ni at the top terebi television teru-rampu rear lights tetsudaimasu to help tetsudo railway tisshu (pepa) tissues,
Japanese English
enough
tashika certain, sure tashika desu ka? are
you
sure?
tashika ni certainly tasukete! help! tatami straw mat tatoeba for example tatoe -temo even if tazunemasu to visit te hand tebukuro gloves techo notebook; diary tegami letter tegoro (na) reasonable; inex-
pensive
tehai shimasu to arrange teiki-bin scheduled flight teikiken rail pass teinei (na) polite tekubi wrist tencho manager (in shop) te ni iremasu to get, to fetch tenimots baggage; hand lug-
gage left luggage (office), baggage checkroom tenimotsu-uketori-jo baggage claim tenjikan pavilion tenki weather Tenno-Heika Emperor of Japan tenrankai exhibition tenso-saki forwarding
tenimotsu-azukari-jo
Kleenex with, accompanying; and; door (of house: Japanese-style) -to metropolis to pagoda; ten tobimasu to fly tochaku arrival tochaku shimasu to arrive, to get in todana cupboard toi far toire toilet, rest room tojiki crockery tojikomemasu to lock in tojoken boarding pass toku (no) distant toka tenth tokei clock, watch toki pottery tokidoki sometimes tokkyu super express train toku ni especially tokonoma alcove tokoro place; someones house toko-ya barbers Tokyowan Tokyo Bay tomarimasu to stop; to stay tomei (no) clear tomemasu to switch off (engine)
to
207
ABCDEFGHIJKLTo
trunk
torena sweatshirt tori bird tori street toridashimasu to get
tsuki moon tsukiatari end of a road tsukimasu to arrive tsukurimasu to make tsuma wife (ones own) tsumaranai dull, uninterest-
208
Japanese English
ing out, to
tsumasaki toe tsume nail (finger) tsumetai cold -tsu classifier for letters tsua tour tsuika-ryokin supplement,
take out
torihiki deal (business) torikaemasu to change, to
replace
torikeshimasu to cancel torimasu to take, to accept torokubango registration
extra charge
tsuin twin room tsui ni eventually tsuitach first tsuite no about, concerning tsujite imasu to lead tsurete ikimasu to take, to
ABCDEFGHIJKLTo
delicious, excel-
lead
tsurogawa no seki aisle tsuyadashi polish tsuyaku interpreter tsuyu rainy season tsuyoi strong
lent
totsuzen ni suddenly totte handle totte through totte okimasu to keep toyo(no) Oriental, Eastern tozan mountaineering tsugi (no) next sono tsugi no hi the day after tsugono i convenient (time) tsukaeta stuck tsukaimasu to use tsukamaemasu to fetch; to
seat
U
ubaguruma buggy uchi home uchimasho deal sore de te o uchimasho
its a
catch
tsukaremashita Im tired tsukareta tired tsukemasu to switch on (T V, lights)
...
ue ni up ugokashimasu to move uketorimasu to accept uketsuke reception desk uketsuke de at reception uketsuke-gakari receptionist uketsukemasu to accept ukezara saucer uma horse umi sea umibe shore un luck untemmenkyosho driving
Japanese English
understand?
wakarimasen
I dont under-
stand
wakimichi side street wan bay waraimasu to laugh waribiki discount warikan going Dutch warui bad; ill waruku badly washi paper wasuremasu to forget watakushi (ga) I (pol) watakushi no my; mine (pol) watakushi o me (pol) watakushi wa I (pol) watashi (ga) I watashi mo me too watashi mo so desu so am I,
licence
unten shimasu to drive untenshu driver unyoku fortunately ura back ureshi happy, glad uridashi-chu for sale urimasu to sell uru wool urusai noisy urusai! shut up! ushiro ni at the back uso o tsukimasu to lie, to
ABCDEFGHIJKLYa
so do I
watashi no my; mine watashi no desu its mine watashi o me watashi wa I watashi wa desu I am watashitachi (ga) we watashitachi no our; ours watashitachi o us watashitachi wa we waza to deliberately winka indicator
tell untruth usu- pale (colour) usui weak; thin; light, pale uta song utaimasu to sing utsukushi beautiful
W
wa subject particle wafu Japanese-style wakai young
Y
yakan kettle yakedo burn
209
yakedo shimasu to burn yakkai-goto trouble yakkyoku pharmacy yaku ni tatsu helpful; useful yakuso herbs (medicinal) yakyu baseball yama mountain yamagoya cabin (in mountains) yamete kudasai! stop it! yane roof yao-ya greengrocers yasai vegetables yasashi easy yaseta thin, skinny yasui cheap, inexpensive;
210
Japanese English
low
yasumi holiday, vacation yattsu eight yawarakai soft yoake dawn yofu(no) Western-style yofuku clothes (W estern) yogore dirt yogoreta polluted yoi ga dekita ready yoku often yoka eighth yokatta! good! yokubari (na) greedy yokka fourth yoku kireru sharp yoko side yoko ni narimasu to lie down yokuso bath, bathtub yom-bun no ichi quarter yomimasu to read yomoku foreign cigarettes yon four yon-hyaku four hundred
it depends yorimo than yoru night yoshi form, document yoshinasai! dont do that! yotei schedule yottsu four yowai weak yoyaku reservation; appointment yoyaku shimasu to book, to reserve yube last night yubi finger yubimbango postcode, zip code yubin post, mail yubi-ningyo puppet yubinkyoku post office
yubinkyoku no honkyoku
ABCDEFGHIJKLYa
Japanese English
Z
zabuton floor zannen (des)!
cushion what a shame!, its a pity! zasshi magazine zeikan Customs zeitaku (na) luxurious zembu the whole lot, all of them sore zembu all of it zembu de altogether Zen-dera Zen temple zenkai last time zensai starter, appetizer Zen-so Zen priest Zen-tei Zen garden zenzen not in the least zettai chigaimasu! certainly not! zo statue zubon trousers, (U S) pants zutsu headache zutto much, a lot more
211
ABCDEFGHIJKLZu
Japanese English
Signs and Notices
214
Contents
General Signs ....................................................................215 Airport, Planes ..................................................................215 Banks, Money....................................................................216 Bus Travel ..........................................................................216 Countries, Nationalities ....................................................217 Customs ............................................................................218 Days ..................................................................................218 Emergencies ......................................................................218 Entertainment ..................................................................219 Ferry, Boat Services ..........................................................220 Forms ................................................................................220 Garages..............................................................................220 Geographical Terms ..........................................................221 Hairdressers, Beauty Salon ................................................221 Health ..............................................................................222 Hiring, Renting ................................................................222 Hotels................................................................................222 Japanese Culture and Festivals............................................223 Lifts (Elevators)..................................................................223 Medicines ..........................................................................224 Months..............................................................................224 Notices on Doors..............................................................224 Phones ..............................................................................225 Place Names......................................................................225 Post Office ........................................................................226 Public Holidays ................................................................226 Restaurants, Cafs and Bars ..............................................227 Road Signs ........................................................................228 Shopping ..........................................................................228 Streets and Roads ..............................................................230 Taxis ..................................................................................230 Timetables ........................................................................231 Toilets................................................................................231 Train Types ........................................................................231 Train and Underground Travel ..........................................232 Youth Hostels ....................................................................233
General Signs
!" otona adult #$ kodomo child %& kiken danger '() nomimizu drinking *+,-./
okotowari forbidden 01 annai information
gh
shuppatsu
ijk ikisaki destination lmnop iki bound qr keiyu via stu tojoguchi boarding vwx tojoken boarding pass yz{ geto gate |} higashi-guchi east exit ~
(or entrance)
kita-guchi north
departure(s)
for
water
gate
off
exit
>?@ABC
the grass
(or entrance)
tachiirikinshi keep out DEF kinryoku no fishing GH kinen no smoking IJ kosho out of order KL gomi litter MNOPQR gomi steruna no litter STUV odanhodo
minami-guchi south exit (or entrance) nishi-guchi west exit (or entrance) koku airline kokuken airline ticket Zen-Nikku All Nippon Airways
!"# $%&
'()*
Airport, Planes
Z[ kuko airport \]^_ kuko-basu `ab kokubin flight cd bimmei flight number ef tochaku arrival(s)
airport bus
/01
annai-gakari
234567
tenimotsu-uketori-jo baggage
information desk
claim
215
89:;<= >?@
check-in free shop
chekku-in
muryo no charge shohi-zei VAT, (US) en yen yen doru dollar pondo pound
sterling consumption tax
216
menzei-ten duty-
Banks, Money
AB ginko bank CDEFGHIJ
gaikoku-kawase-konin-ginko
Bus Travel
basu bus !"# basu-tei bus stop $%&'( basu-noriba )*+,-./ 01234 567
bus for
basu-taminaru bus terminal iki bound shi-basu municipal toei-basu kippu-uriba basu-senta bus
authorized foreign exchange bank KLM ryogaejo bureau de change, foreign exchange
station
NOPQ
gaikoku-kawase
foreign exchange
[\]^
kawase-tegata
bankers draft
89:;
ticket office
travellers cheque
<=>?@
cards accepted
of
account number yz koza bank account {| ryokin fee }~ yuryo fee charged
RSTUVWX
rear door
front door
kosha
Yoroppa
at
French
Europe; European
Fransu France;
YZ[ unchim-bako fare box \]^ ryokin-bako fare box _` kaiso out of service abcd tsugi-wa-teisha efg
stopping at the next stop seisanjo excess fare office
Futsu France; French Doitsu Germany; Doku Germany; German Indo India; Indian Itaria Italy; ! Nichi Japan; Japanese "# Nihon Japan; Japanese $%&'( Mareshia )*+,-./0
Malaysia; Malay
Nyu-Jirando New Zealand Kita-Chosen North Norue
German
Italian
Countries, Nationalities
hijk
Amerika
lmnopqr
Osutoraria Australia;
America;American
123
45678 =>?@A
Australian s Ei Britain; British; England; English tu Eikoku Britain; British; England; English vwx Kanada Canada; Canadian yz Chugoku China; Chinese
{|}~
Demmaku
Philippines; Filipina BCD Roshia Russia; Russian EF Kankoku South Korea; South Korean GHIJ Spein Spain; Spanish
Denmark; Danish
Oranda
KLMNOP
Sueden
Holland; Dutch
Igirisu England; English; Britain; British
217
Customs
TU zeikan Customs VWXY zeikan-shinsa Z[\]^
Customs check
zeikan-kokuchi-sho Customs
Thursday
Kinyobi Friday Doyobi Saturday Nichiyobi Sunday
218
Emergencies
!"#
kyukyu-sha
_`abcd ef
declaration form
zeikan-
shinkoku-yoshi Customs
declaration form shukkoku departure from a country gh nyukoku entry into a country
*+,first aid
kyukyu-byoin okyu-teate
ijklm nopq
foreigners landing card
./012 345
aid box
emergency hospital
kyukyu-bako firstkyukyu-setto
nyukoku-kado entry
card,
nyukoku-shinsa
6789:
entry examination
first-aid kit, emergency kit 110 > hyaku-to-ban police ?@ keisats police
kasai-hochiki
z{| }~
immigration
Nihon-jin Japanese
nationals
keneki quarantine
Days
Getsuyobi Monday Kayobi Tuesday Suiyobi Wednesday Mokuyobi
TUVWXY
Z[\]
hijo-denwa
emergency telephone
&' manin full ( geki play, drama )*+ jidai-geki historical ,-./ 0123 4567
play or film
Teikoku-Gekijo Kabuki-za Kokuritsu-Gekijo
Entertainment
^_`
eigakan cinema,
ab eiga film, movie cdef seijin-eiga adult ghijklm no yoga Western film pq jimaku subtitles rstuvw rodosho xyz
special release
joei-chu now kaijo-jikan animeshon cartoon
movie theater
film
{|}~
booking
showing
National Theatre 89 Bunraku traditional puppet theatre : N o Noh play <= Kyogen traditional comic drama >?@ Kabuki traditional drama from the Edo period ABCD disuko disco
opening time
maeuri-ken advance
UVWXYZ
okotowari minors
not
!"# $%
seat
[\]^_`ab
miseinensha-nyujo-muko
admitted
zaseki-bango
seat number
shiteiseki reserved shitei-ken reserved
arcade
seat ticket
manseki all
seats taken
bath
219
5678
ryoken-bango
220
9:;<=>?@
gaikokujin-toroku-shomeisho foreign
passport number
hydrofoil
Forms
yoshi form anketo borupen de
gokinyu kudasai write in shimei full name onamae name jusho address taizaijusho
length of stay
questionnaire
of
ink
UVW XYZ
visit
Garages
[\]^_`ab
gasorin-sutando petrol station, (US) gas station cdef gasorin petrol, (US) gas gh sekiyu petrol, (US) gas ij keiyu diesel klmn hai-oku high octane opqr supa super, premium
!"#
address
date of birth
number
stuvw
regyura
xyz oiru oil {| toyu paraffin, kerosene }~ jidosha sensha car wash ryokin fee, charge yuryo fee, charge muryotenken muryo no charge tenken
chekku tyre sabisu service taiyaseibi-kojo auto
regular unleaded
repairs
free inspection
0 umi sea 12 chojo summit 3 tani valley 45 kazan volcano 6 taki waterfall 7 shi town, city 8 mura village 9 ken prefecture : higashi east ; kita north <= chiho region, area > minami south ? nishi west @A Kansai Kansai Region BC
(Osaka etc)
Kanto Kanto
check
Region
(Tokyo etc)
Geographical Terms
! misaki cape, promontory " kuni country # mori forest $% onsen hot spring & shima island ' mizumi lake () chizu map * yama mountain +, sammyaku mountain -. hanto peninsula / kawa river
range
beauty salon
shop
salon
buro-dorai
221
nopq rstu
to let
222
and
set
hourly rental
Health
@A isha doctor BCD haisha dentist EF in (small) hospital GH byoin hospital IJK shinryojo clinic LMN hokenjo public OP shinryo consultation QRST shinryo-jikan
consultation hours health centre
rentaru-sabisu rental service ni-di-ke two rooms
Hotels
hoteru hotel minshuku guesthouse
bijinesu-hoteru business
hotel
Hiring, Renting
UVWXY Z[\]^ _`abc defgh ijklm
rental car rental boat hire bicycle hire
kashi- kashi-jitensha kashi-boto kashi-jidosha rentaka car
hire, rental
ryokan traditional inn !"# kaikei-gakari cashier $%&' furonto () uketsuke reception *+, robi lobby -./0123 4 5 6 7
Nihon-Kotsu-Kosha Japan
hotel
reception
:; <= >? @A
room
xy
style room
BC reibo air-conditioning DEF ofuro bath GHIJKLMN OP shokudo dining room QRS inryosui drinking TUV
water water
nomimizu drinking kuriningu dainingu-rumu dining
room
sumo traditional Japanese wrestling z{ Shogatsu New Year |} Setsubun BeanThrowing Festival (3 February) ~ Hina-matsuri Girls Festival, Doll Festival (3 March) Hanami Cherry Blossom Viewing
Hana-matsuri
WXYZ[\
dry-cleaning
]^ dambo heating _` onsen hot spring abcd raunji lounge efghijk lm denwa telephone nopqr jido-hambaiki
vending machine
rumu-sabisu room
Buddhas Birthday (8 April) Tanabata Star Festival (7 July) Obon Bon Festival, Buddhist festival celebrated in summer
!"#
Shichigosan
service
$%&'( )*+
gallery Christmas
bijutsukan art
Lifts (Elevators)
456789
erebeta
223
;< =>
vwx
aspirin
224
chintsu-zai
(US) first floor ?@ nikai first floor, (US) second floor AB tein capacity CD manin full E hei close F kai open G ue up H shita down
yz{|}~
hi-pirin-kei-chintsu-zai
painkiller
!"#$%&'
sekidome-doroppu throat
paracetamol
lozenges
IJKL
hijoteishi hijodenwa
Months
() Ichigatsu January *+ Nigatsu February ,- Sangatsu March ./ Shigatsu April 01 Gogatsu May 23 Rokgatsu June 45 Shichigatsu July 67 Hachigatsu August 89 Kugatsu September :; Jugatsu October <=> Juichigatsu ?@A
November
Junigatsu
MNOP QR
Medicines
STUVWX ichinichi YZ[\]^
day
jo
ichinichi -kai
_` shokugo after meals abc shushinzen before de shokuzen before meals fg shokkan between meals hijk fukuyohoho
directions for oral use lm tekiryo dosage n saji spoonful(s) op jozai tablets going to bed
December
Notices on Doors
BC iriguchi entrance, way in DE deguchi exit, way out FGHI jido-doa JK LM
automatic door hiku pull osu push
qrstu
asupirin
NOP eigyochu open QR hiraku to open S kai open T hei closed UVW tojiru to close, to shut XY kyujitsu closed Z[\ eigyochu open for ]^_`
business
nenju-mukyu Getsu-yo-
Phones
denwa phone koshudenwa
denwa-bokksu phone booth KokusaiDenshin-Denwa Overseas
public phone
abcde fghij
yasumi closed teikyubi closed
Telecommunications Service
klmn opq
holidays
closed today
teikyubi closed hijodeguchi
for
denwadai call charge tsuwaryo call charge kokanshu operator denwacho directory naisen extension denwabango
local call phone number
kokusai-denwa shinai-denwa
terehon-kado phonecard
emergency exit
hijoguchi hinanguchi kaiho-genkin nyujo
international call
!"#$%
|}~
okotowari no
*+,-.
fax machine
out-of-town call
fakkusu fax;
kankeisha igai no
tachiiri-kinshi no
admittance
tachiiri kinshi no
Place Names
/0 Hakone 12 Hiroshima 345 Hokkaido
225
67 Honshu 89 Ise :; Kamakura <= Kobe >? Kyoto @A Kyushu BC Nagasaki DEF Nagoya GH Nara IJ Nikko KL Osaka MN Shikoku OP Tokyo QR Yokohama
226
uv
{|}~
gaikoku-muke
overseas mail
tokunai to tafuken to
other other
parts of Toyko
prefectures
Post Office
STU yubinkyoku post
office
yubinkyoku no maku
Public Holidays
Day
shukujitsu public
symbol for Japanese post office VW madoguchi counter XY kitte stamp Z[ tegami letter \] kozutsumi parcel, package
holiday
^_`a
koku-shokan
bcd kokubin airmail ef sokutatsu express mail gh kakitome registered ij funabin sea mail klm sarubin surface
mail
aerogramme
Day (3 May)
Vernal Equinox
midori-no-hi
!"#$
kodomo-no-hi
Boys Festival, Childrens Day (5 May) %&' Sea Day (20 July)
STUV
restaurant
chuka-ryori
keiro-no-hi
Autumnal Equinox
Chinese restaurant WXY tempura restaurant specializing in deep-fried food Z[\] koryori-ya small restaurant usually serving local dishes ^_ meshi-ya small local restaurant `ab sushi-dokoro sushi restaurant
89:;<=
kinrokansha-no-hi Labour Thanksgiving Day (23 November) >?@AB Tenno-tanjobi The Emperors Birthday (23 December)
|}~
snackbar snackbar
keishoku-kissa
restaurant restaurant
227
'()
228
mawari-michi kosokudoro
*+,./
road expressway
diversion, detour
Road Signs
stopping right turn no left turn
usetsu-kinshi no teisha-kinshi no tsuko-kinshi no tsuko-dome no sasetsu-kinshi
0123
45 ryokin fee 67 yuryo fee charged 89 muryo no charge :;< kosaten junction, =>
intersection
honsen lane for through traffic ?@ fumikiri level crossing, railroad crossing ABC chushajo car park, parking lot
through traffic
spido o otose reduce speed saiko-sokudo
through traffic
maximum speed
dorokoji road
DEFGH
parking area
koji-chu road works kyukabu sharp joko slow ittan-teishi stop ittan-teisha stop tomare stop
kono saki hyaku-metoru 100
under construction
IJKLM NOPQ RS
no parking
short-term parking
chusha-kinshi
bend
Shopping
TUVW XYZ[
-ya -ten
!" #$ %&
shop/store shop/store
\] reji cash desk, cashier ^_ kaikei cashier `ab okanjo pay here cdef kottohin-ten ghijklm
antique shop, curiosity shop
odioseihin audio and hi-fi equipment nop pan-ya bakers qr hon-ya bookshop, bookstore st shoten bookshop, bookstore uv niku-ya butchers wxyz keki-ya cake shop
sakana-ya fishmonger hana-ya florist shokuhin food kudamono-ya fruit yao-ya greengrocers shokuryohin-ten
grocers
kanamono-ya
shop
daidokoro-yohin
{|}~
department
kitchen goods
kamera-ya
kodomofuku(-uriba)
camera shop
!"#$%&'(
koin-randori launderette,
china shop
setomono-ya
laundromat
23
department
saka-ya off-licence,
456789 :; kosui perfumery <= kusuri-ya pharmacy >? yakkyoku pharmacy @AB shashin-ya CDEFG
photography shop
rekodo-ten megane(-ten) optician
liquor store
depato
kuriningu-ten dry cleaners denki-seihin
department store
electrical goods
denki-ya electrical
goods shop
229
HIJ MNO
230
summer presents
PQRSTUV
spotsu-yohin-ten sports
souvenir shop
WXYZ
shop
bumbogu-ya
stationery shop
department
omocha-ya
toy shop
stuv
travel agency
shitagi-uriba
motorway, highway
underwear department
Taxis
takushi taxi kojin
takushi mini-cab takushi-noriba taxi
seru sale
price
seru-jisshi-chu sale
bargains, sale
now on
rank
tokubetsu-kakaku special
meter
night fare
Timetables
567
schedule
jikokhyo timetable,
toilet, mens room fujin-yo ladies toilet, ladies room l otoko men m onna women
ijk
nop
shiyo-chu
89 tochak arrival :; shuppats departure <= hassha departure >? homen direction @AB ikisaki destination CD noriba boarding EFGHI
for platform/track
iki bound
Train Types
rs densha train tu ressha train vwx shinkansen bullet yz kyuko express {|} hikari fastest bullet ~
train
futsu local slow train stopping at all stations junkyu semi-express kodama slower bullet train
train
Toilets
PQRS TUV
public toilet
keshoshits toilet, otearai toilet(s), koshu benjo
tokbets-kyuko
WXYZ
rest room(s)
rest room
[\] toire toilet, rest room ^_ benjo toilet, rest room `ab danshi-yo gents
toilet, mens room joshi-yo ladies toilet, ladies room fgh shinshi-yo gents
super express with limited stops only tokkyu super express with limited stops only
gurin-sha
cde
231
)* kodomo child +, dantai group -. kojin individual /01 kaisats-guchi ticket 234 567
track ticket barrier
nyujoken platform hom platform, (US) -bansen
232
89:;<
platform , (US) track => zaseki seat ? seki seat @A yuko valid BC muko not valid
sale tickets
DEFGHIJK
LMNOPQ
zento-muko after
-en-kukan-yuki for destinations within the yen zone (eg 200-yen zone) gesha-
kipp-uriba ticket
office; ticket vending machine madoguchi ticket window
shussats-guchi
RSTUVWXY
ticket window
of of
valid only on day of purchase Z[\ seisanjo excess fare office ]^ tochak arrival(s) _` hassha departure(s) ab shuppats departure(s)
cdefg jklmn
norikae-guchi
otona adult
opq
car
carriage
shokdo-sha dining
Youth Hostels
daidokoro kitchen kitchin kitchen
koin-randori launderette, yus-hosteru youth
rs manin full tu kaiso out of service vw nimots luggage, baggage xyz{|}~ koin
ichiji-azkari-jo left rokka coin-operated
hostel
locker
toriatskai-jo lost
laundromat
hidarigawa-tsuko
keep to the left
migigawa-tsuko
exit
minami-guchi south exit (or entrance) nishi-guchi west exit (or entrance)
chikatets
233
Contents
Essential Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 Basic Foods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 Basic Preparation and Cooking Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 Basic Set Meals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 Bean Curd Dishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 Beef and Beef Dishes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240 Biscuits, Cakes, Crackers and Sweets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240 Chicken, Poultry etc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 Chinese Food . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 Condiments, Herbs, Spices and Pickles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 Desserts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 Eggs and Egg Dishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243 Fish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 Fish Dishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 Fruit, Nuts and Seeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 Lunch Boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 Meat and Meat Dishes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 Menu Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247 Noodles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247 Pork and Pork Dishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 Rice and Rice Dishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 Salads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250 Snacks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250 Soups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250 Starters and Appetizers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 Sushi Dishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 Vegetables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
237
ABCDEFGHIJKL
238
Essential Terms
bowl chawan !" chopsticks hashi #$ cup kapp %&' dessert dezato ()*+ fork fok ,-./ fried rice chahan 01234 glass kopp 567 knife naif 89: menu menyu ;<=> noodles menrui ?@A plate sara BC rice (boiled) gohan DEF soup sup GHI soy sauce shoyu JKLM spoon spun NOPQ table teburu RSTU excuse me!
chotto sumimasen!
VWXYZ[\]^_
could I have the bill, please?
`abcdefghi
Basic Foods
jk pan bread lmn bata butter op miso fermented qrstu
ketchup soybean paste
kechappu
34567
teishoku set
v abura oil wxyz kosho pepper {| shio salt }~ shoyu soy sauce sato sugar
babekyu shita barbecued yudeta boiled donabe de nita casseroled nita cooked ageta deep-fried hoshita dried yaita grilled tsuketa pickled rosto shita roast !"# mushita steamed $%&' nikonda stewed ()* itameta stir-fried
fish
KLMNOP QRST
fish
teishoku set teishoku set
ABCDEFGHIJKL
+,-./0
239
240
biscuits, cookies
kukki biscuits,
ijklmno
gyushogayaki beef
pqrst
cheesecake
beef cooked in soy sauce and sake uvwx bifuteki beef steak yz yakiniku fried beef marinated in soy sauce
*+,-./0 12345
doughnut
shukurimu cream puff donattsu
confectionery
{|}~
bifu roast
rosto-
saroin sirloin
shabushabu sliced beef with vegetables boiled at the table steki steak
beef
6789 ekurea clair :;< wagashi Japanesestyle confectionery okoshi popped rice confectionery @ABC zenzai rice cake with sweet bean sauce DE mochi rice cakes
=>?
FGHIJ
shio-sembei
rice crackers flavoured with salt KLMN sembei rice crackers flavoured with soy
OPQRS
sauce
manju rice-
shchimencho
turkey
flour cakes with sweet bean paste TUVW yokan soft, sweet bean paste
Chinese Food
Chuka-ryori
XYZ[\]^
keki sponge
shoto-
Chinese-style cuisine
cake with fresh cream and strawberries _`ab kasutera sponge cake cdef oshiruko sweet bean soup with rice cake
ghij
kuzumochi
triangles of arrowroot jelly in brown sugar syrup klm monaka wafers filled with sweet bean paste
mabodofu bean curd in spicy sauce kanitama crab omelette kara-age deepfried pieces of pork or chicken harumaki deepfried spring rolls gyoza fried dumplings stuffed with minced pork happosai fried pork with vegetables !"#$% chahan fried rice
ABCDEFGHIJKL
&'() *+,
meatballs
yasai-itame
fried vegetables
nikudango yakisoba
barbecued chicken on a skewer wxy sasami breast z{|} gacho goose ~ kiji pheasant uzura quail
-./0
56789:;<
chashumen noodles in bouillon with slices of pork
chikin roast
rosto-
chicken
241
=>?@AB
ramen noodles
miso-
242
in bouillon with fermented soybean paste CDEF tammen noodles in bouillon with vegetables
dressing
GHIJKL
sweet
MNOPQ
-./0
takuan yellow
radish pickles
steamed pork meatballs in thin pastry RST subuta sweet and sour pork
Desserts
1234 dezato desserts 56789: appuru;<=>?@ABC DEFG chokoreto-aisuHIJKLMNOP
chokoreto-musu chocolate kurimu chocolate pai apple
pie
ice cream
pickled sour Japanese plums XY natto fermented soybeans Z[\] shoga ginger ^_` mitsuba Japanese coriander ab shiso Japanese basil
mousse
cdefg
mayonnaise
mayonezu
ijkl mnop
crushed ice with green tea syrup and sweet bean paste
kori-remon
syrup
kori-meron
kurimu strawberry
ice cream
}~
sarada fruit
zeri fruit
salad
jelly
mitsumame
ABCDEFGHIJKL
hard-boiled egg
omuretsu tamago-yaki omuraisu
\]^_` abcde
sufure lemon
lemon pie
remon-
souffl
fghijk
pqrst
243
uvwxyz
steamed egg
6789:
king crab
244
taraba-gani
;<=> dojo loach ?@AB ise-ebi lobster CD saba mackerel EFG chu-toro medium HIJK
monkfish fatty tuna
anko
Fish
awabi abalone akagai ark shell fugu blowfish mirugai boiled
tunny round clams
katsuo bonito,
LMNO muru-gai mussels PQ tako octopus RS kaki oyster TUV samma Pacific WXY
prawns saury
kamasu pike, kuruma-ebi
koi carp hamaguri clams tara cod tarako cod roe anago conger eel shijimi corbicula kani crab karasumi dried unagi eel hirame flatfish !"#$ tobi-uo flying %&'() -./0
fish
kimme-dai
Z[\]^ _`ab
barracuda
nijimasu
mullet roe
rainbow trout cd sashimi raw fish efgh tairagi razor shell ligament ij sake salmon klm ikura salmon roe nop iwashi sardines
qrst
tachi-uo
uvwx hotategai scallops yz kai-bashira scallops {|} suzuki sea bass ~ tai sea bream hamo sea eel kisu sea smelt uni sea urchin
scabbard fish
NOPQR
on rice in a bowl
robata-yaki
clam
STUVWX
tataki
sole
salmon
chopped raw horse mackerel, mild ginger and herbs YZ[\ tempura deepfried seafood and vegetables
ika squid ayu sweet smelt !"# kajiki swordfish $%& sazae top-shell '() namako trepang *+ masu trout ,-. maguro tuna /01 karei turbot 2345 suppon turtle 67 fuka type of shark 89: kujira whale ;<= shirasu whitebait >? buri yellowtail
]^_`
takoyaki
Fish Dishes
@ABC DEFG HIJ KLM
on rice broiled eel
unaju broiled fugu-ryori kabayaki
dumplings with small pieces of octopus ab nabemono fish and vegetables cooked in a pot at the table cde yosenabe fish and vegetables cooked in a pot at the table fg sashimi raw fish hi sushi raw fish on rice balls jklm fugu-sashi raw sliced blowfish nop tekkadon rice in a bowl topped with slices of raw tuna
ABCDEFGHIJKL
qrst
fugu-chiri
blowfish cuisine
eel eel
unadon broiled
shredded blowfish in vegetable chowder uvw oden vegetables and fish dumplings stewed in a thin soy soup, served hot
245
^_ goma sesame seeds `ab ichigo strawberries cde mikan tangerine fgh kurumi walnuts ijk suika watermelon
246
almonds
Lunch Boxes
lm bento boxed lunch nopqr makunouchibento boxed lunch with rice, meat and vegetables
cherries
01234567 89: budo grapes ;< ume Japanese plum =>? remon lemon @AB meron melon CDEF orenji orange GH momo peach IJKLM pinattsu NO PQ
peanuts
nashi pear kaki persimmon, grepu-frutsu grapefruit
barbecue
roru-
cutlets croquettes
korokke katsuretsu
RSTUVW
painappuru pineapple XYZ sumomo plum [\] zakuro
sharon fruit
pomegranate
#$%&'
hambagu
() jinzo kidney *+ ramu lamb ,-. reba liver /01 nikudango meat234 567 89:
sausage filled dumplings
hikiniku minced
hamburger
nopqrs
Italian-style cuisine
Nihon-ryori kaiseki-ryori
;<=>?
@ABCDEF
spare ribs
LMNOP
teishoku set meal supu soups odoburu !" yasai vegetables #$%& shojin-ryori '()*
vegetarian cuisine
seiyo-ryori
regional specialities
chanko-nabe
starters, appetizers
ABCDEFGHIJKL
thick meat and vegetable stew QR tan tongue ST motsu tripe UVW koushi-niku veal
Western-style cuisine
Menu Terms
XYZ[ menyu menu \ nami cheaper selection ]^_`abcd
honjitsu no osusume-hin
Noodles
+,
soba buckwheat
-./
noodles
efgh
0123
translucent, thin noodles made from potato flour 4567 somen very
247
89:;
jklmn opqrs
248
@ABCDEFG
chashumen Chinese
tuvwxyz{
HIJKLM
|}~
NOPQR
Chinese noodles in salted bouillon with vegetables STU ten-zaru cold noodles served with deepfried shrimps
soba noodles
VWXY
hiyashi-chuka
Z[\]^_`a
zaru-soba/udon cold
bcde fghi
tanuki-soba/udon noodles
in
!"#$%&'() * ankake-soba/udon
noodles in thick bouillon with fish dumplings and vegetables
eel
def ghi
deep-
dommono with deep-fried breaded pork cutlet jk tendon dommono with deep-fried shrimps
789:;
butaniku shogayaki
lm
ABCDEFGHIJKL
tamagodon
pork chop
nop qrs
pork cutlets with curry pork cooked in soy sauce and sake
rosto-
MNOPQRS TUVWX
poku roast
pork
batayaki
dommono with pork and vegetables tu gyudon dommono with sliced beef vwxyz chahan fried rice {|}~ onigiri riceballs mochi rice cakes ochazuke rice in tea or fish bouillon kamameshi rice steamed in fish bouillon
249
GHIJKL MNOPQ
ham sandwich hamburger
hambaga
250
hamusando
rais diced
defghi
hayashi-
beef in gravy on
rice
Salads
sarada salad nama-yasai salad !"#$%&' ()*+,./0123
mikkus-sarada mixed salad potetosarada potato salad doresshingu salad
Soups
stu
supu soups (usually Western-style) vw shirumono soups (Japanese-style) xy suimono clear fish
dressing
z{|}
Snacks
456789:
chizubaga cheeseburger ;<=>?@ potetofrai chips, French fries ABCDEF potetochipu crisps, (US) potato
chips
onion soup au gratin misoshiru soup with bean paste potaju thick soup
supu
tomato-
noodles in bouillon udon thick noodles made from wheatflour in bouillon ramen Chinese noodles in bouillon
bcd sarada salad efg sarami salami hi sake salmon jklmn soseji opq rst
sausage
ko-ebi shrimps maguro tuna
Sushi Dishes
uv
sushi raw
fish on
ABCDEFGHIJKL
wxyz {|}~
riceballs
starters, appetizers
*+,-./
0123 kyabia caviar 456 serori celery 789: hamaguri clams ;< kani crab =>?@ABCD
frutsu-jusu fruit juice EF ham ham GHI nishin herring JKLM ise-ebi lobster NOP meron melon
zushi mixed
raw fish on
oshi-zushi sushi
rice
cut in squares
saba-zushi sushi with vinegared mackerel kappa-maki
251
seasoned rice wrapped in deep-fried bean curd norimaki sliced roll of rice, vegetables or cooked gourd wrapped in seaweed
soy sauce, sugar and sesame oil >? mame beans @AB moyashi bean sprouts CDE bitsu beet FGHI tensai beetroot
252
JKLM
edamame
RSTU
broccoli
soramame burokkori
tekka-maki
tuna and seasoned rice wrapped in seaweed wasabi very spicy horseradish served with sushi
VWXYZ [\]
broad beans
^_`ab fghi
cabbage
Vegetables
!" yasai vegetables #$% azuki adzuki beans &'()*+ ,asuparagasu asparagus nasu aubergine, abokado yaki-imo baked takenoko shinachiku
jklm ninjin carrot nopqrs karifrawa tuv serori celery wxyz{ puchi-tomato |}~ chikori chicory hakusai Chinese
cabbage
shungiku chrysanth-
cauliflower
eggplant
cherry tomatoes
tomorokoshi corn
emum greens
on the
cob
zukkini
courgette, zucchini
root
kabocha mash-
Z[\]^_`
pumpkin, squash
defg
karashina
endibu
kimpira fried
burdock root and carrot ninniku garlic shishito green chilli pepper 3456 piman green pepper
potato
ABCDEFGHIJKL
789:;< =>?
saya-
cooked in soy sauce and sugar goma sesame seeds daizu soybeans
@ABC
green horseradish
spinach
horenso
DEFGHI JKL MN
cabbage
negi leeks
onions
253
254
of
'()* +,
watercress
seaweed
12345
enokidake
Contents
Essential Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258 Beer, Spirits,Wine etc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 Coffee,Tea etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 Soft Drinks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
257
ABCDEFGHIJKL
258
Essential Terms
beer biru 678 bottle bin 9: coffee kohi ;<=> cup kappu ?@A glass koppu BCD milk miruku EFG mineral water mineraru-uota HIJKLMNOP orange juice orenji-jusu QRSTUVWX red wine aka-wain YZ[\ rice wine sake ] soft drink sofuto-dorinku ^_`abcd sugar sato efg tea kocha hi (green) ocha jk water mizu l white wine shiro-wain mnop wine wain qrs whisky uiski tuvwx a cup of , please
o hitotsu kudasai
yz{|}~
another beer, please
sake o ippai
Z[\]^_`
spakuringu sparkling
rokku scotch
on the rocks
brandy
shampen Nihonshu
champagne
rice wine
nama-biru
%& karakuchi dry '( jin gin )*+,-. jin-toniku /0123 45678 9:;<= >?@AB
martini port liqueur
atsukan heated
draught beer
shochu very strong, transparent, colourless spirit stuv uokka vodka wxyz{ uiski whisky |}~ mizuwari whisky with water
shiro-wain
white wine
wain wine
fizz
ABCDEFGHIJKL
rice wine
rikyuru matini poto-wain
beverages
CDEFGH IJKL
wine
aka-wain red
ban-cha tea with roasted rice matcha bitter green tea made of fine tea powder
similar to English tea
Chinese tea
TUVWXY
onza-
kohi coffee
259
260
grapefruit juice
'()*+,./
tea with large leaves
012345 67
lemon tea
lemonade
sencha mediumgrade green tea 89: miruk milk ;<= osato sugar >?@A hojicha tea made with roasted ban-cha leaves
squash
meron-
orenji-jus orange mineraru-uota mineral
water
BCDEFG
tea with milk
kohi white
miruk-ti miruk-
HIJKLMN
with milk
!"#$%&'() *+, Pepusi Pepsi -./0123 pain4567 saida soda pop 89:;< ichigojus pineapple orenji-skash orange
juice
squash
coffee, coffee
juice
Soft Drinks
OPQRSTU VWXYZ[ \]^_`
Coke milk
jus apple ringo-
juice
=>?@ABC DE FG
ice
gyunyu strawberry
milk
Pronunciation
Throughout this book, Japanese words have been transliterated into romanized form so that they can be read as though they were English, bearing in mind the notes on pronunciation given below. a as in rather e as in bed; e is always pronounced, even at the end of a word i like the ee in feet, but slightly shorter o as in not u as in put ae separate a followed by e, pronounced ah-eh ai as in Thai ei as in weight ie separate ee followed by e, pronounced ee-eh ue separate u followed by e, pronounced oo-eh g hard g as in girl s always as in mass (never z) y as in yet A bar over a vowel means that it is twice as long as a vowel without a bar. A dot () between two letters indicates a slight pause. Note that ing in Japanese is pronounced more strongly than in English. In spoken Japanese the sounds u and i, in certain contexts, are shortened and can become barely audible. In this book we show u and i in italics to mean that their pronunciation is clipped. For example, desu is pronounced as des. Japanese is generally evenly stressed, with all syllables having the same emphasis.
s Pronunciation / Abbreviations
Abbreviations
f m ob. part. part.
263
General
The Japanese language has a number of characteristics which are very different from European languages, the most important of these being that there are no changes for case, number or gender and that verbs do not change according to the person or number. Also, pronouns, both personal and impersonal, are often omitted. Another distinctive feature of Japanese is that small words known as postpositional particles are used after a noun or pronoun to indicate whether it is the subject, object or indirect object of a sentence. See pages 269.
Articles
There is no equivalent in Japanese for either the definite article the or the indefinite articles a and an. The exact meaning of a word or phrase will be clear from the context. Therefore, zasshi (magazine) can mean a magazine or the magazine. If you want to be more precise, you can use the demonstrative adjectives sono/ano (that) or kono (this) with the appropriate word (see page 282). The number hitots (one) (see page 286) can also be used to translate a/an, but generally this is not necessary:
biru hitots, onegai shimas
[beer one please]
a beer, please
Nouns
Japanese nouns only have one form. Singular and plural forms of nouns are the same and there are no distinctions for gender (masculine/feminine/neuter).Therefore: 264
or the books
biru can mean: a beer, the beer, beers, some beers or
the beers Usually, what you mean will be perfectly clear from the context. Where necessary, you can be more specific by using numbers (see Counting, page 286). Although the form of the noun itself does not change, grammatical particles placed after the noun indicate whether it is the subject, object or indirect object of a sentence:
watashi no fakkusu wa todokimashita ka?
[I + possessive part. fax + sub. part. + arrived + question part.]
s Nouns / Pronouns
did you send the fax? and o are known as postpositional particles (see page 273). One interesting aspect of many nouns is that they can be changed into verbs by just adding suru (to do) or shimas (polite form of to do).Thus, dokusho is the Japanese word for reading, and doksho suru is the equivalent of to read.
Wa
Pronouns
Generally, pronouns are omitted in Japanese whenever possible, but occasionally it might be necessary to use them for emphasis or to avoid misunderstanding. It should be remembered that, on the whole, use of pronouns does not show respect and should be avoided, especially when addressing ones superiors. If it does become necessary to use a personal pronoun, the words listed in the sections that follow can be used.
265
Personal Pronouns
watashi bok watakshi anata kimi kare kanojo watashitachi anatatachi kimitachi karera kanojotachi sorera
I I (m, fam) I (pol) you (sing) you (sing, fam, to a subordinate) he she we you (pl) you (pl, fam, to subordinates) they (m) they (f) they (inanimate objects)
Im English The subject of the sentence above is followed by the subject particle wa (see page 270). Care should also be taken not to address Japanese using anata, the direct translation of you.The best way to say, for example, where are you going? in Japanese, is to use the persons name plus -san, instead of the word for you. Another acceptable way to say this is to omit both you and the name in Japanese.
Eigo o hanasemas ka?
[English + ob. part. + speak can + question part.]
266
The form of the pronoun does not change, but there is a change in the postpositional particle that is placed after the pronoun; for direct object pronouns, use o instead of wa:
watashi o bok o watakshi o anata o kimi o kare o kanojo o watashitachi o anatatachi o kimitachi o karera o kanojotachi o sorera o
me me (m, fam) me (pol) you (sing) you (sing, fam, to a subordinate) him her us you (pl) you (pl, fam, to subordinates) them (m) them (f) them (inanimate objects)
Japanese has no word that is equivalent to the English pronoun it;it will be understood in phrases like the following:
doko desu ka?
[where is + question part.]
where is it?
ame ga futte imasu
[rain + sub. part. + fall is]
is it far?
its raining
If you really need to emphasise it, you can use sore, but this is a demonstrative pronoun rather than a personal pronoun, and actually means that: 267
this (one); these (ones) that (one); those (ones) (nearby or just mentioned) that (one); those (ones) (further away)
sore dewa nak, kore des
[that as for not this is]
this is mine
are wa takai des
[that + sub. part. + expensive is]
Possessives
Possessive adjectives and pronouns are the same in Japanese. To form the possessive, add the particle no to the pronoun:
watashi no bok no watakshi no anata no kimi no kare no kanojo no watashitachi no anatatachi no kimitachi no karera no kanojotachi no sorera no
my; mine my; mine (m, fam) my; mine (pol) your; yours (sing) you (sing, fam, to a subordinate) his her; hers our; ours your; yours (pl) you (pl, fam, to subordinates) their; theirs (m) their; theirs (f) their; theirs (inanimate objects)
268
watashi no desu
[I + possessive part. + be]
watashi no heya de
[I + possessive part. + room in]
its mine
in my room
The possessive is generally omitted if the meaning is clear from the context:
handobaggu o nakushimashita
[handbag + ob. part. + lost]
In phrases like the one below, its more respectful to use the possessive particle with the persons name or job title:
shacho no kuruma
[director + possessive part. + car]
s Postpositional Particles
his car even if the English phrase doesnt use the name or title.
Postpositional Particles
Postpositional particles are small words that always follow the word they relate to.They have two main functions: a) They indicate whether a noun or pronoun is the subject, object or indirect object of a sentence. b) They are the equivalent of certain English grammatical elements, for example, prepositions (to, from, with etc), constructions such as and,because,also, and they are also used to indicate a question. The following list shows the meanings of the various particles in brief; for further information and examples, see the text that follows this list.
269
follows the subject of a sentence, emphasises the subject wa follows the subject of a sentence o follows the object of a sentence ni follows the indirect object of a sentence; or means on, in, to, at (referring to time and location) e to (indicates motion towards); towards; until made to; up to; until; as far as kara from; since de by, by means of; with; at; on; in (referring to location) to with, accompanied by; and, that mo too, also; even; both ... and; neither ... nor no of; possessive ka? question particle ne? question tag: isnt it?, havent we?, havent you? etc
ga
Subject Particles
To indicate that a word is the subject of a sentence, the particles ga or wa are used:
onaka ga sukimashita ka?
[stomach + sub. part. + empty + question part.]
The particle ga can indicate that the subject of the sentence is more important than the text that follows. In English this distinction can be achieved by tone of voice:
watashi ga ikimasu
[I + sub. part. + will go]
If wa is used instead of ga, this gives less emphasis to the subject and more to the rest of the text: 270
Im American
Ga kyo wa sumo ga arimasu
Im a student
Im English
watashi wa ikimasen
[I + sub. part. + go + negative]
s Postpositional Particles
Im not going
kono hon wa omoshiroku nai desu
[this book + sub. part. + interesting not is]
I have a reservation
Eigo o hanasemasu ka?
[English + ob. part. + speak can + question part.]
271
Im going to Kobe
until Saturday
senshu kara
[last week since]
The particle ni (as well as being the indirect object particle) means on, in, to or at, referring to time or location:
Doyobi ni
[Saturday on]
on Saturday
272
basu de
[bus by]
by car
kurejitto-kado de haraemasu ka?
[credit card by can pay + question part.]
by bus
ba de suwatte imashita
Postpositional Particles [bar at was sitting]
See page 284 for when to use to meaning and. The particle mo can mean too, also or even:
kimi mo heya ni itano ka?
[you too room in were + question part.]
watashi mo
me too
273
mo
can also be used to translate both ... and (in a positive statement) and neither ... nor (with a negative verb, see page 278):
biru mo sake mo nomimashita
[beer both sake and drank]
kurabu no memba
[club of member]
my sisters book
watashi no kuruma
[I of car]
my car
The particle ne is the equivalent of English tag questions like isnt it?, havent we? and so on:
Keiko-san, kore wa anata no desu ne?
[Keiko + polite form + this + sub. part. + you of is + question tag]
274
Verbs
Unlike English verbs, Japanese verbs do not change their form according to first, second, or third person subjects, singular or plural.Therefore, ikimasu means:
to go I go you go he/she/it goes we go they go
However, Japanese verbs do change their form according to various other criteria, for example, the degree of politeness required, the tense, or whether the verb indicates wanting or necessity.
Polite Verb Forms
s P o s t p o s i t i o n a l P a r t i c l e s / Ve r b s
The form of Japanese verbs is changed to indicate different levels of politeness. As a general rule, longer verb forms denote courtesy:
yomimasu to read shimbun yomu ka? (basic form) shimbun yomimasu ka? (polite) shimbun yomaremasu ka? (very polite)
It is more straightforward for beginners in Japanese to stick to the second form given above (yomimasu).This is the verb form we have generally given in the English-Japanese section of this book and it is polite enough for most situations.
Present Tense
To express the simple present, use the basic form of the verb ending in -masu: 275
swarimasu to sit down I go I sit down you go you sit down he/she/it goes he/she/it sits down we go we sit down they go they sit down To express a continuing action in the present (he is going, I am walking etc), the -masu ending is removed from the verb and replaced with -te or -de, and imasu is placed after the verb: nani o yonde imasu ka?
[what + ob. part. + reading + question part.]
ikimasu to go
he is smoking
Past Tense
The ending -mashita indicates the past tense. Replace the -masu ending of the verb with -mashita:
ikimasu to go ikimashita I went mimasu to see; to watch mimashita Ive seen
youve seen he/she/it has seen we have seen they have seen
we arrived today
276
Future Tense
There is no real future tense in Japanese; instead the present tense is used to express the future:
mata ashita kimasu
[again tomorrow come]
Asking permission to do something is indicated by the verb ending -te followed by ... i desu ka? (literally: is it allowed?):
anata ni tegami o kaite i desu ka?
[you to letter + ob. part. + write is is allowed + question part.]
s Ve r b s
I have to go now
kakimasu to write tegami o kakanakereba narimasen
[letter + ob. part. + write must]
277
There is no simple equivalent to not in Japanese. Instead the form of the verb changes to indicate the negative. The -masu ending changes to -masen and the -tai (wanting) ending changes to -taku nai:
kono gakko e ikimasu
[this school to go]
I go to this school
kono gakko e wa ikimasen
[this school to + sub. part. + go negative]
I want to go to England
Igirisu ni ikitaku nai desu
[England to want go + negative + polite ending]
Japanese has no words like nobody, no-one, never, none,neither,nor,(not) any; these must be expressed in Japanese by a negative verb construction:
dare mo kimasen deshita
[somebody even come + negative]
nobody came
dare mo hakbutskan e ikitagarimasen
[somebody even museum to want to go + negative]
278
Adjectives
Japanese adjectives are a special category of words, many of which behave in a way quite unlike their English counterparts. Many, indeed, are more like verbs since they have separate forms for present and past tenses and for positive and negative use. For example, the adjective for red akai really means is red. There are two types of adjectives in Japanese.The first type end in -ai, -i, -oi or -ui:
akai oishi omoshiroi warui
s Ve r b s / A d j e v c t i v e s
is is is is
The final -i or -i indicates the present positive form of the adjective, which is the basic form given in the EnglishJapanese section of this book; to make the past positive form, remove the -i or -i to obtain the stem and add -katta:
present positive past positive
akakatta was red oishkatta was delicious omoshirokatta was interesting warukatta was bad
279
These are all plain forms which generally would not be used by themselves; to make them polite forms, add desu:
nimotsu wa omokatta desu
[luggage + sub. part. + was heavy + polite ending]
To form the present negative, remove -i or -i, and add -k nai; for the past negative add -ku nakatta to the stem:
present negative past negative
akaku nai is not red oishiku nai is not delicious omoshiroku nai is not
delicious
omoshiroku nakatta was
interesting
waruku nai is not bad
not interesting
waruku nakatta was not bad
To make the above polite forms (as used in speech), change -ku nai to -ku arimasen:
kono suika wa amaku arimasen
[this watermelon + sub. part. + sweet + negative]
The second type of Japanese adjective is more like an English adjective in that it does not change its ending and is not a form of verb.This type of adjective does not end in -ai, -i, -oi or -ui, but consists of a noun followed by na:
shizuka (na)
quiet Adjectival nouns are used with the following to form the present and past tenses (positive and negative):
positive negative present past present past
280
faster
more interesting
Adjectives
To form the superlative, put ichiban (literally: number one) or mottomo (most) in front of the adjective:
ichiban omoshiroi toshi
[most is interesting city]
To express more ... than ..., ...-er than, use yori (than):
kono hoteru wa ryokan yori takai desu
[this hotel + sub. part. + Japanese inn than expensive]
281
To express as ... as ... use to onaji kurai (about the same as):
Rondon wa Nagano to onaji kurai samui desu
[London + sub. part. + Nagano as cold as is]
this; these that; those (nearby or just mentioned) that; those (further away)
kono densha this train sono tomodachi that friend (of yours, that you mentioned) ano basu that bus (over there)
Adverbs
To form an adverb from the first type of adjective (ending in -ai, -i, -oi or -ui), change the final -i to -k:
hayai osoi yasashi warui yasui
To form the adverb from the second type of adjective (shown with (na) in the English-Japanese section), change na to ni:
shizka na heya
[quiet room]
a quiet room
282
Word Order
The normal word order in Japanese sentences is: subject object verb
ane wa sushi o suki des ga, watashi wa suki dewa arimasen
[sister + sub. part. + sushi + ob. part. + like but I + sub. part. + like not]
Adjectives usually precede the noun they modify while particles and conjunctions follow the noun they refer to.
Yes and No
The words for yes and no are hai (or sometimes e) and ie (or ie):
hai, onegai shimas ie kekko des
yes, please
yomimashta ka?
no thanks
hai, yomimashta
W o r d O r d e r / Ye s a n d N o
yes, I have
In general, however, it is possible to omit hai and ie and answer simply by using the verb. When the question is a negative one, however, hai and ie are used in quite a different way to English. This is because hai is used to confirm the statement, whether the answer is affirmative or negative:
anata wa Amerika-jin dewa arimasen ka?
[you + sub. part. + American + negative + question part.]
no, Im English
283
This kind of negative question (as in English) implies the speaker may be slightly surprised or incredulous or wants to confirm something that they are almost sure of. If a positive question were asked, with no prior assumptions, the answer would be ie. In the same way, when the question is a negative one, ie is used to deny the sentence whether the answer is affirmative or negative:
soba o tabemasen deshita ka?
[noodles + ob. part. + eat did not + question part.]
And
There are different words for and in Japanese. To is used with nouns and pronouns:
shio to kosho Tokyo to Rondon
Soshite
I bought coffee and sugar also means and; it is used with verbs, adjectives and adverbs:
watashitachi wa onsen ni hairi soshite shokji o shimashta
[we + sub. part. + hot spring in go and meal did]
Sorekara
284
I can play the Japanese harp! Women make more use of the polite prefix o- or go-, as in:
denwa/odenwa
285
Women also tend to use emotional interjections more than men, such as kawai (cute!) or suteki! (marvellous!). To express surprise when meeting somebody unexpectedly, women tend to say ma! or ara!, which are never used by men, who tend to say ya! or o!.
Counting
Japanese has two sets of numbers from one to ten:
set 1 set 2
1 ichi hitotsu 2 ni futatsu 3 san mittsu 4 yon/shi* yottsu 5 go itsutsu 6 roku muttsu 7 nana/shichi* nanatsu 8 hachi yattsu 9 kyu/ku* kokonotsu 10 ju to The first set is used when referring to expressions of time, quantities and measurements.They are used with the classifiers on the opposite page or with count words such as minute, yen etc:
go-fun ichijikan mae
five minutes
gozen shichiji ni
an hour ago
ju-en
at 7am 10 yen * The alternative numerals in the first set above must be used in the following time expressions:
yoji shichiji kuji
four oclock seven oclock nine oclock The second set of numbers is used for counting any other things not mentioned above.The number is placed after the
286
two beers, please If you use the two sets of numbers in the way described above, this will be acceptable, but a further method of counting, using a counting word known as a classifier, is more commonly used. Classifiers equate roughly to English words like glassful,cupful,bottle of ,sheets of etc. Nouns or groups of nouns in Japanese have specific classifiers which are used when they are counted or quantified. The most common classifiers are: -dai machines, cars, bikes, stereos -hai glassfuls, cupfuls -hiki animals -hon pens, cigarettes, other cylindrical objects -ko fruit, cakes, eggs and small chunky objects -mai pieces of paper, tickets, other things that are thin and flat -nin people -sats books -tsu letters
kuruma ni-dai
[car two + classifier]
s Counting
two cars
mahjong is played by four people There is only one set of numbers above ten. See pages 292293.
287
Dates
The word order for dates is: year month day There are two common ways of counting years in Japanese. The Western system is used thus:
sen-kyu-hyaku-kyu-ju-hachi-nen
[thousand-nine-hundreds-nine-tens-eight-year]
ni-sen-ichi-nen
[two-thousand-one-year]
1998
2001
There is also a traditional system of counting from the first year of the current emperors reign. The Heisei period (of Emperor Akihito) began in 1989:
Heisei ni-nen
[Heisei two year]
Heisei ju-nen
[Heisei ten year]
Junigatsu futsuka
[twelve-month (December) second]
Dates are formed using the versions of the ordinal numbers below:
1st 2nd 3rd 4th
)* +, -. /0
288
5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th 21st 22nd 23rd 24th 25th 26th 27th 28th 29th 30th 31st
itska muika nanoka yoka kokonoka toka ju-ichi-nichi ju-ni-nichi ju-san-nichi ju-yokka ju-go-nichi ju-rok-nichi ju-shichi-nichi ju-hachi-nichi ju-ku-nichi hatska ni-ju-ichi nichi ni-ju-ni-nichi ni-ju-san-nichi ni-ju-yokka ni-ju-go-nichi ni-ju-rok-nichi ni-ju-shichi-nichi ni-ju-hachi-nichi ni-ju-ku-nichi san-ju-nichi san-ju-ichi-nichi
12 34 56 78 9: ;< =>? @AB CDE FGH IJK LMN OPQ RST UVW XYZ [\]^ _`ab cdef ghij klmn opqr stuv wxyz {|}~
Japanese ordinals are written using the Chinese characters (kanji) above if writing vertically; otherwise, when writing left to right, Arabic numbers can be used instead.
289
Days
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday
Months
January February March April May June July August September October November December
Ichigatsu Nigatsu Sangatsu Shigatsu Gogatsu Rokgatsu Shichigatsu Hachigatsu Kugatsu Jugatsu Juichigatsu Junigatsu
Time
what time is it? ima nanji desu ka? its one oclock ichiji desu its two oclock niji desu at one oclock ichiji ni !"# at two oclock niji ni $%& five past one ichiji go-fun '()*
290
ten past one ichiji juppun +,-. quarter past one ichiji ju-go-fun /0123 quarter past two niji ju-go-fun 45678 half past one ichiji-han 9:; half past two niji-han <=> quarter to one ichiji ju-go-fun mae ?@ABCD quarter to two niji ju-go-fun mae EFGHIJ twenty to one ichiji nijuppun mae KLMNOP ten to two niji juppun mae QRSTU am gozen VW pm gogo XY at 1am gozen ichiji ni Z[\]^ at 1pm gogo ichiji ni _`abc 13.00 ju-sanji def 14.00 ju-yoji ghi 18.30 ju-hachiji sanjuppun jklmno noon shogo pq midnight mayonaka rst hour jikan uv minute fun w one minute ippun xy two minutes ni-fun z{ second byo | quarter of an hour ju-go-fun }~ half an hour san-juppun three quarters of an hour yon-ju-go-fun
Minutes are expressed by adding -fun (minute) to the numbers below. This sometimes changes to -pun depending on the preceding sound:
ni-fun go-fun juppun
two minutes
five minutes
ten minutes
291
Numbers
See Counting pages 286.
0 zero 1 ichi 2 ni 3 san 4 shi 5 go 6 rok 7 shichi 8 hachi 9 kyu 10 ju 11 ju-ichi 12 ju-ni 13 ju-san 14 ju-shi 15 ju-go 16 ju-rok 17 ju-shichi 18 ju-hachi 19 ju-kyu 20 ni-ju 21 ni-ju-ichi 22 ni-ju-ni 30 san-ju 31 san-ju-ichi 32 san-ju-ni 40 yon-ju 50 go-ju 60 rok-ju
70 shichi-ju 80 hachi-ju 90 kyu-ju 100 hyak 101 hyak-ichi 102 hyak-ni 200 ni-hyak 1,000 sen 2,000 ni-sen 3,000 san-zen 4,000 yon-sen 5,000 go-sen 10,000* ichi-man 20,000 ni-man 1,000,000
hyaku-man
10,000,000
issemman
100,000,000
ichi-oku
*For 10,000 and above, use man instead of sen. Japanese numbers are written using the Chinese characters (kanji) above if writing vertically; otherwise, when writing left to right, Arabic numbers can be used instead.
292
Ordinals
In Japanese, the words used for the dates (1st of March etc) and the ordinals in English sense (for example, third chair from the window) are different. The English ordinals can usually be translated by adding -bamme to numbers.
1st ichi-bamme 2nd ni-bamme 3rd san-bamme 4th yon-bamme 5th go-bamme 6th rok-bamme 7th nana-bamme 8th hachi-bamme 9th kyu-bamme 10th jyu-bamme
012 345 678 9:; <=> ?@A BCD EFG HIJ KLM
See pages 288-289 for the set of ordinals used to form dates.
Numbers
293
Conversion Tables
1 centimetre = 0.39 inches 1 metre = 39.37 inches = 1.09 yards 1 kilometre = 0.62 miles = 5/8 mile 1 inch = 2.54 cm 1 foot = 30.48 cm 1 yard = 0.91 m 1 mile = 1.61 km
km miles miles km 1 0.6 1 1.6 2 1.2 2 3.2 3 1.9 3 4.8 4 2.5 4 6.4 5 3.1 5 10 20 30 40 50 100 6.2 12.4 18.6 24.8 31.0 62.1 10 20 30 40 50 100
110 132 154 176 198 220 3 1.4 4 1.8 5 2.3 6 2.7 7 8 9 4.1 10 4.5 20 9.0
3.2 3.6
1 litre = 1.75 UK pints / 2.13 US pints 1 UK pint = 0.57 l 1 US pint = 0.47 l centigrade / Celsius
C F -5 23 0 32 5 41 10 50
Fahrenheit
F C 23 -5 32 0 40 4 50 10
F = (C x 9/5) + 32
60 16 65 18 70 21 80 27 85 29 98.4 101 36.8 38.3
294
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