02-UE Behaviors in Idle Mode

RAN Feature Description
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Chapter 2 UE Behaviors in Idle Mode ........................................................................................ 1 2.1 Introduction to UE Behaviors in Idle Mode.......................................................................1 2.1.1 Definition................................................................................................................. 1 2.1.2 Purposes................................................................................................................ 1 2.1.3 Terms and Abbreviations ........................................................................................ 2 2.2 Availability ....................................................................................................................... 4 2.2.1 Network Elements Involved....................................................................................4 2.2.2 Software Releases.................................................................................................. 5 2.2.3 Miscellaneous......................................................................................................... 5 2.3 Impact.............................................................................................................................. 5 2.3.1 Impact on System Performance .............................................................................5 2.3.2 Impact on Other Features.......................................................................................6 2.4 2.5 Restrictions...................................................................................................................... 6 Technical Description ...................................................................................................... 6 2.5.1 UE Behaviors in Idle Mode Configuration Model....................................................6 2.5.2 Overview ................................................................................................................ 6 2.5.3 PLMN Selection ..................................................................................................... 7 2.5.4 PLMN Selection in HPLMNs ..................................................................................8 2.5.5 PLMN Selection in VPLMNs.................................................................................10 2.5.6 Cell Selection ....................................................................................................... 11 2.5.7 Cell Reselection ................................................................................................... 18 2.5.8 Location Registration ........................................................................................... 28 2.5.9 Paging ................................................................................................................. 31 2.5.10 System Information Reception............................................................................33 2.6 2.7 Capabilities .................................................................................................................... 34 Implementation............................................................................................................... 34 2.7.1 Enabling UE Behaviors in Idle Mode ...................................................................34 2.7.2 Reconfiguring Parameters....................................................................................35 2.7.3 Disabling UE Behaviors in Idle Mode....................................................................36 2.8 Maintenance Information ............................................................................................... 36 2.8.1 Alarms .................................................................................................................. 36 2.8.2 Counters............................................................................................................... 36 2.9 References .................................................................................................................... 37
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List of Figures
List of Figures
Figure 1.1UE Behaviors in Idle Mode configuration model........................................................6 Figure 1.1UE behaviors in idle mode............................................................................................ 7 Figure 1.1Signaling procedure for the automatic PLMN selection.............................................9 Figure 1.1Signaling procedure for the manual PLMN selection...............................................10 Figure 1.1Procedure for cell selection .......................................................................................12 Figure 1.1Signaling procedure for the cell selection controlled by the NAS (performed by the AS)........................................................................................................................................... 17 Figure 1.2Signaling procedure for cell selection controlled by the NAS (performed by the NAS)............................................................................................................................................... 17 Figure 1.1Measurement start criteria for cell reselection with HCS disabled.........................18 Figure 1.1Cell reselection procedure.......................................................................................... 27
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List of Tables
List of Tables
Table 1.1NEs required for UE behaviors in idle mode.................................................................5 Table 1.1RAN products and related versions...............................................................................5 Table 1.1Automatic PLMN selection mode...................................................................................8 Table 1.1UE state transition ........................................................................................................ 13 Table 1.1Parameters of the measurement start criteria............................................................19 Table 1.2 MML parameters that correspond to the measurement parameters........................19 Table 1.1Intra- and inter-frequency measurement criteria for UE in slow movement............21 Table 1.2Inter-RAT measurement criteria for UE in slow movement........................................22 Table 1.3Intra- and inter-frequency measurement criteria for UE in fast movement..............22 Table 1.4Inter-RAT measurement criteria for UE in fast movement.........................................22 Table 1.5Parameters of the measurement start criteria............................................................23 Table 1.6MML parameters that correspond to the measurement parameters.........................23 Table 1.1UE state transition conditions .....................................................................................28 Table 1.1Commands for the reconfiguration on the RNC side.................................................35 Table 1.1Counters related to UE behavior in idle mode............................................................37
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Chapter 2 UE Behaviors in Idle Mode

2.1 Introduction to UE Behaviors in Idle Mode
2.1.1 Definition
UE behaviors in idle mode refers to a series of automatic actions for obtaining a service before finding a network or for obtaining a better service after connecting to the network. UE behaviors in idle mode include:
PLMN selection Used to ensure that the PLMN selected by the UE properly provides services. Cell selection and reselection Used to ensure that the UE finds a suitable cell to camp on. Location registration Used for the network to trace the current status of the UE and to ensure that the UE is camped on the network when the UE does not perform any operation for a long period.
Paging Used for the network to send paging messages to a UE which is in idle mode, CELL_PCH state, or URA_PCH state.
System information reception The network broadcasts the network information to a UE which camps on the cell to control the behaviors of the UE.
2.1.2 Purposes
When a UE is switched on, it selects a PLMN and searches for a suitable cell of this PLMN to camp on. This feature has the following benefits:

It enables the UE to receive system information from the PLMN It enables the UE to establish the RRC connection It enables the UE to response to paging message It enables the UE to receive cell broadcast services
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2.1.3 Terms and Abbreviations

I. Terms
Term Any cell selection Description In this state, the UE attempts to find an acceptable cell of any PLMN to camp on. Camped normally Camped on any cell In this state, the UE obtains normal services. In this state, the UE obtains limited services. The UE select a cell through cell selection/reselection. Where, the PLMN identity is not considered. EPLMN A PLMN considered as equivalent to the selected PLMN by the UE for PLMN selection, cell selection, cell reselection and handover according to the information provided by the NAS. Ec/N0 HPLMN Ratio of received energy per chip to noise spectral density. Home PLMN, where the MCC and MNC of the PLMN identity are the same as the MCC and MNC of the IMSI. URA identity UTRAN Registration Area identity. It can be used to indicate the UE which URA it shall use in case of overlapping URAs. VPLMN Radio access technology Radio access technology combination Available PLMN A PLMN in which the UE has found at least one cell and the UE has read its PLMN identity. Acceptable cell A cell on which the UE may camp to obtain limited services, for example, originating emergency calls Suitable cell A cell on which the UE may camp to obtain normal services Combination of different radio access technologies. Visited PLMN. It is different from HPLMN. Type of radio access technology, for example, UTRA or GSM.
II. Abbreviations
Abbreviation 3GPP AS BCH CN DRX EF EPLMN FDD GPRS GSM HCS HPLMN IMSI LAC LAI LR MCC MIB MNC MS NAS PCH PI PLMN RAI Full Spelling 3rd Generation Partnership Project Access Stratum Broadcast Channel Core Network Discontinuous Reception Elementary File Equivalent PLMN Frequency Division Duplex General Packet Radio Service Global System for Mobile Communications Hierarchical Cell Structure Home PLMN International Mobile Subscriber Identity Location Area Code Location Area Identity Location Registration Mobile Country Code Master Information Block Mobile Network Code Mobile Station Non-Access Stratum Paging Channel Paging Indicator Public Land Mobile Network Routing Area Identity
Abbreviation RAT RF RRC RSCP SB S-CCPCH SFN SIB SIM TDD TMSI UE UMTS URA USIM UTRA UTRAN VPLMN WCDMA
Full Spelling Radio Access Technology Radio Frequency Radio Resource Control Received Signal Code Power Scheduling Block Secondary Common Control Physical Channel System Frame Number System Information Block Subscriber Identity Module Time Division Duplex Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity User Equipment Universal Mobile Telecommunications System UTRAN Registration Area UMTS Subscriber Identity Module UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network Visited PLMN Wideband CDMA
2.2 Availability
2.2.1 Network Elements Involved
Table 1.1 describes the NEs involved with UE behaviors in idle mode.
Table 1.1 NEs required for UE behaviors in idle mode UE Note:

NodeB
RNC
MSC Server -
MGW -
SGSN
GGSN
HLR
: not required : required
Note: This chapter describes only the availability of the NodeB and the RNC.
2.2.2 Software Releases

Table 1.1 describes the versions of RAN products that support UEs behaviors in idle mode. Table 1.1 RAN products and related versions Product RNC NodeB BSC6800 DBS3800 BTS3812A BTS3812E Version V100R002 and later releases V100R005 and later releases V100R005 and later releases V100R005 and later releases
2.2.3 Miscellaneous
None
2.3 Impact
2.3.1 Impact on System Performance
This feature is affected by the capability of the UE and the network status.

The capability of the UE affects the quality of receiving signals. The load of the network affects UEs accessing to a cell. When the load is heavy, the UE may fail to access to the cell.
2.3.2 Impact on Other Features

None.
2.4 Restrictions
None
2.5 Technical Description

2.5.1 UE Behaviors in Idle Mode Configuration Model
The configuration model for UE Behaviors in Idle Mode is as show in.
RNC RadioClass
GlobalParaClass
CNDOMAIN.Class DRX cycle length coefficient Hysteresis 1 for connect mode Hysteresis 2 for connect mode Cell Sel-reselection quality measure Min quality level Intra-freq cell reselection threshold for idle state Inter-freq cell reselection threshold for idle state Inter-RAT cell reselection threshold
CellClass
CELLSELRESEL .Class CELLHCS .Class CELLSIBSWITCH .Class
Frequency Band Indication
HCS cell reselection threshold HCS inter-rat reselection threshold Max number of cell reselection HCS search inter-rat limit threshold
Figure 1.1 UE Behaviors in Idle Mode configuration model
2.5.2 Overview
Figure 1.1 shows the relationship between UE behaviors in idle mode.
User selection of PLMN PLMN selection and reselection Indication to user
Automatic/Manual selection
NAS defined service areas
PLMN selected
PLMNs available NAS defined service areas Radio measurement
Location registration response
Cell selection and reselection
Location registration changes CM requests Location registration
Figure 1.1 UE behaviors in idle mode After the switch-on, the UE performs the following steps: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Select a PLMN. Select cells from this PLMN. Select a best cell according to the system information. Camp on this cell. Initiate a location registration.
The signal strengths of both the serving cell and neighboring cells vary when the UE moves. Therefore the UE needs to select a most suitable cell to camp on. This procedure is called cell reselection.
2.5.3 PLMN Selection

UE shall maintain a list of allowed PLMN types. In the PLMN list, the UE arranges available PLMNs by priorities. When selecting a PLMN, it searches the PLMNs from the high priority to the low. The UE selects a PLMN from HPLMNs or VPLMNs. There are two modes for PLMN selection
Automatic selection The UE automatically selects a PLMN according to the priority order. Manual selection
The UE shows all available PLMNs to the subscriber. The subscriber then selects a PLMN.
2.5.4 PLMN Selection in HPLMNs

I. Scenario
At any time, the subscriber may require the UE to reselect an available PLMN and register in it. For UEs in different modes, there are two selection modes:

Automatic PLMN Selection Manual PLMN Selection
II. Automatic PLMN Selection Mode

The UE selects an available and suitable PLMN from the whole band according to the order as described as Table 1.1. Table 1.1 Automatic PLMN selection mode Order 1 2 HPLMNs PLMNs contained in the "User Controlled PLMN Selector with Access Technology" data field in the SIM excluding the previously selected PLMN 3 PLMNs contained in the "Operator Controlled PLMN Selector with Access Technology" data field in the SIM excluding the previously selected PLMN 4 Other PLMN/access technology combinations with the high quality of received signals excluding the previously selected PLMN 5 Other PLMN/access technology combinations excluding the previously selected PLMN 6 Previously selected PLMN The PLMNs are arranged in descending order of signal quality. The PLMN selected by the UE before automatic PLMN selection The PLMNs are arranged in random order The PLMNs are arranged in priority order PLMN type Remark Home PLMNs The PLMNs are arranged in priority order
Note: If the UE selects a PLMN that has been selected before and the UE does not attempt to register in any other PLMN, the UE need not register in the PLMN again.
III. Manual PLMN Selection Mode

The order of manual selection is the same as that of automatic selection.
IV. Signaling Procedure for the Automatic PLMN Selection

Figure 1.1 shows the procedure for the automatic PLMN selection.
UE-NAS UE-AS
1.RRC PLMN LIST IND (all PLMN identity(GSM-MAP) or SID/MIN_P_REV)
PLMN Reselection
2.RRC PLMN Search REQ (PLMN identity(GSM-MAP) or SID/MIN_P_REV)
Use last stored cell list, if any

3.RRC PLMN Search CNF (PLMN identity (GSM-MAP) or SID)
Figure 1.1 Signaling procedure for the automatic PLMN selection The signaling procedure of the automatic PLMN selection is described as follows: 1) 2) After the timer of the NAS is started, the AS sends the NAS a list which includes all available PLMNs and their identities. After the PLMN with the highest priority is found, the NAS sends the AS an RRC PLMN Search REQ message, asking the AS to select a suitable cell that belongs to the PLMN with highest priority. 3) After finding such a cell, the AS selects the cell and sends the NAS an RRC PLMN Search CNF message, indicating that the PLMN is found.
V. Signaling Procedure for the Manual PLMN Selection

Figure 1.1 shows the signaling procedure for the manual PLMN selection.
UE-NAS
1. RRC PLMN Search REQ(ALL)
UE-AS
2. RRC PLMN LIST CNF (all PLMN identity(GSM-MAP) or SID/MIN_P_REV) PLMN Selection 3. RRC PLMN Search REQ (PLMN identity(GSM-MAP) or SID/MIN_P_REV) Use last stored cell list, if any 4. RRC PLMN Search CNF (PLMN identity (GSM-MAP) or SID)
Figure 1.1 Signaling procedure for the manual PLMN selection See the description of the signaling procedure as follows: 1) 2) 3) 4) The NAS sends the AS an RRC PLMN Search REQ message, asking the AS to report the available PLMNs. The AS sends the NAS a list which includes all available PLMNs and their identities. After the PLMN with the highest priority is found, the NAS asks the AS to select a suitable cell that belongs to the PLMN with highest priority. After finding such a cell, the AS selects this cell and sends the NAS an RRC PLMN Search CNF message, indicating that the PLMN is found.
2.5.5 PLMN Selection in VPLMNs

If a UE is in a VPLMN, it scans the user controlled PLMN selector field or the operator controlled PLMN selector field in the PLMN list to find the HPLMN or the PLMN with higher priority according to the requirement of the automatic PLMN selection mode. In this way, the UE periodically attempts to obtain services.
If the UE stores the Equivalent PLMNs list and there is a PLMN which has higher priority than any other PLMN in the country, the UE selects only this PLMN. For this purpose, a value of T minutes may be stored in the SIM. T is
either in the range from 6 minutes to 8 hours in 6-minute steps or it indicates that no periodic attempts shall be made. If no value is stored in the SIM, a default value of 60 minutes is used. The UE must obey the following rules when attempting to access the HPLMN or the PLMN with higher priority:
The periodic attempts shall only be performed in automatic mode when the UE is roaming. After the UE is switched on, a period of at least 2 minutes and at most T minutes shall elapse before the first attempt is made. The UE shall make an attempt if the UE is on the VPLMN at time T after the last attempt. Periodic attempts shall only be performed by the UE when the UE is in idle mode. If the HPLMN or higher priority PLMN is not found, the UE shall remain on the VPLMN. The attempts by the UE in a PLMN with higher priority to access another PLMN in the same country must be limited. Only the priority levels of Equivalent PLMNs of the same country as the current serving VPLMN can be compared with the priority level of a selected PLMN.
2.5.6 Cell Selection

I. Overview
When the PLMN is selected and the UE is in idle mode, the UE starts to select a cell to camp on and to obtain services.
II. Algorithm
There are four states involved in cell selection:

Camped normally Any cell selection Camped on any cell Connected mode
The cell selection is of two types:
Initial cell selection If no cell information is stored for the PLMN, the UE starts this procedure. Stored information cell selection If cell information is stored for the PLMN, the UE starts this procedure.
As shown in Figure 1.1, in any state, the selection of a new PLMN leads the whole procedure back to position 1.
go here whenever a new PLMN is selected no cell information stored for the PLMN Initial cell Selection
cell information stored for the PLMN Stored information cell selection no suitable cell found suitable cell found
no suitable cell found
suitable cell found NAS indicates that registration on selected PLMN is rejected (except with cause #14 or #15 [5][16])
no suitable cell found
Cell selection when leaving connected mode
suitable cell found
A Camped normally trigger suitable cell found Cell reselection evaluation Process
return to idle mode D1 Connected mode
leave idle mode
no suitable cell found go here when no USIM in the UE
no acceptable cell found acceptable cell found C ell Selection when leaving connected mode C Camped on any cell
B Any cell selection
USIM inserted
acceptable cell found
suitable cell found
1 2
return idle mode D2 Connected mode(Emergency calls only)
leave idle mode
trigger acceptable cell found Cell reselection evaluation Process
no acceptable cell found
Figure 1.1 Procedure for cell selection The two procedures are described as follows.
Initial cell selection
If no cell information is stored for the PLMN, the UE starts the initial cell selection. For this procedure, the UE need not know in advance which Radio Frequency (RF) channels are UTRA bearers. The UE scans all RF channels in the UTRA band according to its capabilities to find a suitable cell of the selected PLMN. On each carrier, the UE need only search for the strongest cell. Once a suitable cell is found, this cell shall be selected. Table 1.1 shows the transition of the UE states after the initial cell selection is started. Table 1.1 UE state transition No. 1 If The UE finds a suitable cell Then The UE selects this cell and enters in the "Camped normally" state, as shown in state A in Figure 1.1 After leaving this state, the UE enters the corresponding state according to No. 2 or 4 in this table. 2 The UE does not find a suitable cell The UE enters the Any Cell Selection state, as shown in state B in Figure 1.1. After leaving this state, the UE enters the corresponding state according to No. 3 in this table. 3 The UE finds an acceptable cell The UE enters the Camped on any cell state, as shown in state C in Figure 1.1. After leaving this state, the UE enters the corresponding state according to No. 2 or 5 in this table. 4 The UE in the state of Camped normally leaves idle mode 5 The UE in the state of Camped on any cell leaves idle mode The UE enters the connected mode (emergency cells only), as shown in D2 in Figure 1.1. After leaving this state, the UE enters the corresponding state according to No. 2 or 3 in this table. The UE enters the connected mode, as shown in state D1 in Figure 1.1.
Stored information cell selection
For this procedure, the UE need know the central frequency information and other optional cell parameters that are obtained from the measurement control information received before, such as scrambling codes. After this procedure is started, the UE selects a suitable cell if it finds one. Otherwise, the Initial cell selection procedure is triggered.
III. Cell Selection Criteria

The cell selection criterion S is fulfilled when:

For FDD cells, Srxlev > 0 and Squal >0 For TDD cells, Srxlev > 0
Where,

Squal = Qqualmeas Qqualmin Srxlev = Qrxlevmeas - Qrxlevmin - Pcompensation Parameter Description Cell selection quality value (dB). Applicable only for FDD cells.
Squal
Srxlev Qqualmeas
Cell selection RX level value (dB). Measured cell quality value. The quality of the received signal expressed in average CPICH Ec/N0 (dB) for FDD cells. Applicable only for FDD cells.
Qrxlevmeas
Measured cell RX level value. It is the CPICH RSCP of received signal for FDD cells (dBm), and the P-CCPCH RSCP of received signal for TDD cells (dBm).
Qqualmin
Minimum required quality level in the cell (dB). Applicable only for FDD cells. Corresponding MML parameter is Min quality level
Qrxlevmin
Minimum required RX level in the cell (dBm). Corresponding MML parameter is Min RX level
Pcompensation
Max (UE_TXPWR_MAX_RACH P_MAX, 0) (dB).
Parameter UE_TXPWR_MAX_RACH
Description Maximum TX power level an UE may use when accessing the cell on RACH (read in system information) (dBm). Corresponding MML parameter is Max allowed UE UL TX power
P_MAX
Maximum RF output power of the UE (dBm).
Parameter name Parameter ID GUI range Physical range& unit Default value Optional / Mandatory MML command Description:
Min quality level QQUALMIN -240 -240, dB -18 Optional MOD CELLSELRESEL
The minimum required quality level corresponding to CPICH Ec/No. The UE can camp on the cell only when the measured CPICH Ec/No is greater than the value of this parameter.
Parameter name Parameter ID GUI range Physical range& unit
Min RX level QRXLEVMIN -58-13 -115-25; step: 2 (-58:-115; -57:-113; ..., 13:25 ) (dBm)
Default value Optional / Mandatory MML command Description:
-58 Optional MOD CELLSELRESEL
The minimum required RX level corresponding to CPICH RSCP. The UE can camp on the cell only when the measured CPICH RSCP is greater than the value of this parameter.
Max allowed UE UL TX power MAXALLOWEDULTXPOWER -58-13 dBm 24 Optional MOD CELLSELRESEL
The maximum allowed uplink transmit power of a UE in the cell, which is related to the network planning. Content: Allowed maximum power transmitted on RACH in the cell.
IV. Signaling Procedures

UE-NAS
RRC Cell Selection Control REQ (e.g. Forbidden registratoin area(s),desired NAS defined service area(s))
UE-AS
Cell selection and reselection
Figure 1.1 Signaling procedure for the cell selection controlled by the NAS (performed by the AS) The NAS can affect the cell selection and reselection by sending control information to the AS. The information is useful when the AS performs cell selection or reselection.
UE-NAS
1.RRC Area List IND(all areas) (e.g. PLMNID,registration area,NAS defined service area)
UE-AS
Registration /service area selection

2 .RRC Area List RSP(selected area) (e.g. PLMNID,registration area,NAS defined service area)
Cell Selection and reselection within the area selected by NAS
Figure 1.2 Signaling procedure for cell selection controlled by the NAS (performed by the NAS) See the description of the signaling procedure as follows: 1) 2) 3) The AS sends the NAS the cell selection information that includes the PLMN identity and all available registration areas. The NAS sends the AS these registration areas. The AS selects or reselects a cell in the selected registration area.
2.5.7 Cell Reselection

I. Overview
After selecting a cell and camping on it, the UE periodically searches for a better cell according to the cell reselection criteria. The better cell is the most suitable one for the UE to camp on and obtain services. The QoS of this cell is not necessarily more satisfying. If finding such a cell, the UE selects this cell to camp on. Cell reselection criteria can be adjusted by modifying cell reselection parameters according to network operation policies. The Hierarchical Cell Structure (HCS), if used, may affect the measurement start criteria for cell reselection.
II. Algorithm
In idle mode, the cell reselection procedure is as shown in 2.5.6 IIFigure 1.1. The transition of UE states is the same as that in cell selection. See section 2.5.6Cell Selection."
III. Measurement Start Criteria

1) HCS Disabled
If the system messages broadcast by the serving cell indicates that the HCS is disabled, the intra-frequency, inter-frequency, and inter-RAT measurement criteria are as shown in Figure 1.1.
Intrafrequency measurement Interfrequency measurement Measuring intra-frequency neighboring cells
Measuring inter-frequency neighboring cells
Measurement not started
Measuring inter-RAT Inter-RAT measurement neighboring cells Better quality
Threshold of Qqualmin
SsearchRATm + Qqualmin
Sintersearch + Qqualmin
Sintrasearch + Qqualmin
CPICH Ec/N0
Figure 1.1 Measurement start criteria for cell reselection with HCS disabled
Intra-frequency measurement If Squal > Sintrasearch, the UE does not need to start the intra-frequency measurement. If Squal Sintrasearch, the UE starts the intra-frequency measurement.
If
system
messages
do
not
contain
Sintrasearch,
the
intra-frequency
measurement is always started. Inter-frequency measurement
If Squal > Sintersearch, the UE does not need to start the inter-frequency measurement. If Squal Sintersearch, the UE starts the inter-frequency measurement. If system messages do not contain Sintrasearch, the inter-frequency measurement is always started.
Inter-RAT measurement If Squal > SsearchRATm, the UE does not need to start the inter-RAT measurement. If Squal SsearchRATm, the UE starts the inter-RAT measurement. If system messages do not contain S intrasearch, the inter-RAT measurement is always started.
Table 1.1 Parameters of the measurement start criteria Name Qqualmin Description Minimum QoS level required by Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) cells only. Squal Sintrasearch Cell quality value (dB) required by FDD cells. Measurement threshold for UE to trigger intra-frequency cell reselection, compared with Squal. Sintersearch Measurement threshold for UE to trigger inter-frequency cell reselection, compared with Squal. Srxlev SsearchRATm Receive level (dB) required by cell selection. Measurement threshold for UE to trigger inter-RAT cell reselection, compared with Squal.
The following table lists the MML parameters that correspond to the measurement parameters. Table 1.2 MML parameters that correspond to the measurement parameters Name Sintrasearch Sintersearch SsearchRATm MML parameter Intra-freq cell reselection threshold for idle state Inter-freq cell reselection threshold for idle state Inter-RAT cell reselection threshold
Parameters: Parameter name Parameter ID GUI range Physical range& unit Default value Optional / Mandatory MML command Description: A threshold for intra-frequency cell reselection in idle mode. When the quality (CPICH Ec/No measured by UE) of the serving cell is lower than this threshold plus the [Qqualmin] of the cell, the intra-frequency cell reselection procedure will be started. Intra-freq cell reselection threshold for idle state IDLESINTRASEARCH -1610 -3220; step: 2(dB) 2 Optional MOD CELLSELRESEL
Inter-freq cell reselection threshold for idle state IDLESINTERSEARCH -1610 -32 to 20; step: 2(dB) 2 Optional MOD CELLSELRESEL
A threshold for inter-frequency cell reselection in idle mode. When the quality (CPICH Ec/No measured by UE) of the serving cell is lower than this threshold plus the [Qqualmin] of the cell, the inter-frequency cell reselection procedure will be started.
Inter-RAT cell reselection threshold SSEARCHRAT -1610 -3220; step: 2(dB) 2 Optional MOD CELLSELRESEL
A threshold for inter-RAT cell reselection. When the quality (CPICH Ec/No measured by UE) of the serving cell is lower than this threshold plus the [Qqualmin] of the cell, the inter-RAT cell reselection procedure will be started.
2)
HCS Enabled
When the HCS is enabled, the measurement criteria for the UE in movement are listed in Table 1.1, Table 1.2, Table 1.3, and Table 1.4.
Intra-frequency and inter-frequency measurement criteria for UE in slow movement
Table 1.1 Intra- and inter-frequency measurement criteria for UE in slow movement Condition Srxlev SsearchHCS, or Squal Sintersearch Squal Sintrasearch Result All intra-frequency and inter-frequency cells are measured. Intra-frequency and inter-frequency cells are measured with their HCS level no lower than that of the current cell. Squal > Sintrasearch Intra- and inter-frequency cells are measured with their HCS level higher than that of the current cell. Sintrasearch not delivered All intra-frequency cells are measured. Inter-frequency cells are measured with their HCS level higher than that of the current cell. SsearchHCS or Sintersearch not delivered All intra- and inter-frequency cells are measured.
The HCS of intra-frequency neighboring cells of a cell is usually consistent with that of the cell. If the Squal of the current cell is good enough, that is, S qual > Sintrasearch, the UE only needs to compare the Squal in these cells with different HCS.
Inter-RAT measurement criteria for UE in slow movement
Table 1.2 Inter-RAT measurement criteria for UE in slow movement Condition Srxlev SHCS,RATm, or Squal SSearchRATm Squal Slimit,SearchRATm Inter-RAT cells are measured with their HCS level no lower than that of the current cell. Squal > Slimit,SearchRATm SHCS,RATm not delivered The UE does not need to measure inter-RAT cells. Inter-RAT cells are measured. Result Inter-RAT cells are measured.
Intra-frequency and inter-frequency measurement criteria for UE in fast movement
Table 1.3 Intra- and inter-frequency measurement criteria for UE in fast movement Condition Srxlev SsearchHCS, or Squal Sintersearch Others such as Srxlev and Squal are good. All intra- and inter-frequency cells are measured with their HCS level no higher than that of the current cell. SsearchHCS or Sintersearch not delivered All intra- and inter-frequency cells are measured. Result All intra- and inter-frequency cells are measured.
Inter-RAT measurement criteria for UE in fast movement
Table 1.4 Inter-RAT measurement criteria for UE in fast movement Condition Srxlev SHCS,RATm, or Squal SSearchRATm Result Inter-RAT cells are measured.
Condition Others such as Srxlev and Squal are good. SHCS,RATm or SSearchRATm not delivered
Result All inter-RAT cells are measured with their HCS level no higher than that of the current cell. Inter-RAT cells are measured.
Table 1.5 describes all the parameters of the measurement start criteria. Table 1.5 Parameters of the measurement start criteria Name Qqualmin Description Minimum QoS level required by Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) cells only. Squal Sintrasearch Cell quality value (dB) required by FDD cells. Measurement threshold for UE to trigger intra-frequency cell reselection, compared with Squal. Sintersearch Measurement threshold for UE to trigger inter-frequency cell reselection, compared with Squal. SsearchHCS Measurement threshold for UE to trigger inter-frequency cell reselection, compared with Srxlevs. Srxlev SsearchRATm Receive level (dB) required by cell selection. Measurement threshold for UE to trigger inter-RAT cell reselection, compared with Squal. SHCS,RATm Measurement threshold for UE to trigger inter-RAT cell reselection, compared with Srxlevs. Slimit,SearchRATm Measurement threshold for UE in slow movement to trigger interRAT cell reselection, compared with Squal.
The following table lists the MML parameters that correspond to the measurement parameters. Table 1.6 MML parameters that correspond to the measurement parameters Name SsearchHCS MML parameter HCS cell reselection threshold
Name SHCS,RATm Slimit,SearchRATm
MML parameter HCS inter-rat reselection threshold HCS search inter-rat limit threshold
Parameters: Parameter name Parameter ID GUI range Physical range& unit Default value Optional / Mandatory MML command Description: Threshold of HCS cell reselection in the same system. HCS cell reselection threshold SSEARCHHCS -5345 -10591; step: 2 (-53:-105; -52:-103; ..., 45:91) (dB) 0 Optional MOD CELLHCS
HCS inter-rat reselection threshold SHCSRAT -5345 -10591; step: 2 (-53:-105; -52:-103; ..., 45:91) (dB) 0 Optional MOD CELLHCS
Threshold of HCS cell reselection between different systems.
Parameter name Parameter ID 0GUI range Physical range& unit Default value Optional / Mandatory MML command Description:
HCS search inter-rat limit threshold SLIMITSEARCHRAT -1610 -3220; step: 2 (dB) 0 Optional MOD CELLHCS
Limit threshold of HCS cell reselection between different systems. The UE will not start inter-RAT measurement if it detects that the quality of the serving cell is higher than this threshold.
IV. Cell Reselection Criteria

The following cell reselection criteria are used for intra-frequency cells, interfrequency cells and inter-RAT cells. The quality level threshold criterion H for the HCS is used to determine whether the prioritized ranking based on the hierarchical cell reselection rules shall apply. The criterion is defined by:
Hs = Qmeas,s - Qhcss Hn = Qmeas,n - Qhcsn TOn * Ln

If the system information indicates that the HCS is not used, the quality level threshold criterion H does not apply. The cell-ranking criterion R is defined by:
smea +Qhyst,=R
Where,
ns,mea )*(1L-TOQofset,=R
TOn = TEMP_OFFSETn * W(PENALTY_TIMEn Tn) Ln = 0 Ln = 1 W(x) = 0 W(x) = 1 if HCS_PRIOn = HCS_PRIOs if HCS_PRIOn <> HCS_PRIOs for x < 0 for x >= 0
TEMP_OFFSETn applies as an offset to the R criteria for the duration of PENALTY_TIMEn after a timer Tn is started for that neighboring cell. TEMP_OFFSETn and PENALTY_TIMEn are only applicable when the system information indicates that the HCS is enabled. The UE shall rank the following cells that fulfill the S criterion.
All cells that have the highest HCS_PRIO among those cells that fulfill the criterion H 0. Note that this rule is not applicable when UE high-mobility is detected.
All cells, not considering HCS priority levels, if no cell fulfills the criterion H 0. This case is also applicable when the system information indicates that the HCS is disabled, that is, when the serving cell does not belong to a HCS.
The cells are ranked according to the R criteria specified above, deriving Qmeas,n and Qmeas,s and calculating the R values. The offset Qoffset1s,n is used for Qoffsets,n to calculate Rn. The hysteresis Qhyst1s is used for Qhysts to calculate Rs.
If the system information indicates that HCS is enabled, TEMP_OFFSET1n is used for TEMP_OFFSETn to calculate TOn. Otherwise, TEMP_OFFSETn is not applied when calculating Rn. The best ranked cell is the cell with the highest R value.
If a TDD or GSM cell is ranked as the best cell, the UE shall reselect that TDD or GSM cell. If an FDD cell is ranked as the best cell and the quality measure for cell selection and reselection is set to CPICH RSCP, the UE shall reselect that FDD cell. If an FDD cell is ranked as the best cell and the quality measure for cell selection and reselection is set to CPICH Ec/N0, the UE shall perform a second ranking of the FDD cells according to the R criteria specified above. In this case, however, the UE uses the measurement quantity CPICH Ec/N0 for deriving the Qmeas,n and Qmeas,s and then calculating the R values of the FDD cells. The offset Qoffset2s,n is used for Qoffsets,n to calculate Rn, the hysteresis Qhyst2s is used for Qhysts to calculate Rs. If the system information indicates that the HCS is enabled, TEMP_OFFSET2n is used to calculate TOn. Otherwise, TEMP_OFFSETn is not applied when
calculating Rn. Following this second ranking, the UE shall reselect the best ranked FDD cell. In all the previous cases, the UE can reselect a new cell only when the following conditions are met:

The new cell is better ranked than the serving cell during a time interval T reselection. More than one second has elapsed since the UE camped on the current serving cell.
Figure 1.1 shows the cell reselection procedure in which the measurement start and criteria relations are described. The actual procedure varies with UE implementation.
Cell Reselction Triggered
calculate Sx (Squal)
filter cells with Sx (Squal) choose intra-freq./inter-freq./inter-RAT measurements according to Sx (Squal) and UE Velocity UE Velocity and HCS usage
non-HCS environment or for Fast UE (HCS) ranking all measured cells according to R criteria
for non-Fast UE (HCS) filter measured cells with H criteria
for cells fullfill H criteria
if no cell fullfill H criteria
ranking measured cells with Highest HCS Priority according to R criteria
ranking all measured cells according to R criteria
keep ranking during Treselection with Scaling Rules UE reselect new cell
Figure 1.1 Cell reselection procedure
Name R criteria H criteria Treselection R decision criteria H decision criteria
Description
Time of cell reselection decision
2.5.8 Location Registration

I. Overview
The location registration is used for the PLMN to trace the current status of the UE and to ensure that the UE is connected with the network when the UE does not perform any operation for a long period. The location registration includes location update (for non-GPRS) and route update (for GPRS). According to whether to perform the location registration or not, the UE enters different states as follows:
If the SIM exists and the location registration is unneeded, the UE enters the Updated state. If the SIM exists and the location registration is needed, the UE sends a location registration request. If the SIM does not exist, the UE enters the No IMSI state.
The purposes of location update and route update are to enable the UE to perform GPRS or non-GPRS operations. Table 1.1 shows the conditions of UE state transition. Table 1.1 UE state transition conditions UE State non-GPRS Updated Roaming not allowed Condition of entering this state An LR request is accepted. The UE receives an LR reject message with either of the following causes: a) PLMN not allowed b) Location area not allowed c) Roaming not allowed in this location area d) No suitable cells in location area
UE State Not Updated
Condition of entering this state Any LR failure not specified for the state Roaming not allowed or Idle, No IMSI occurs, for which the UE is not certain whether or not the network has received and accepted the LR attempt.
GPRS
Updated Idle, No IMSI Roaming not allowed
A Location Registration request is accepted. There is no SIM.
The UE receives an LR reject message with either of the following causes: a) PLMN not allowed b) Location area not allowed c) Roaming not allowed in this location area d) No suitable cells in location area e) Illegal ME f) Illegal UE g) GPRS services and non-GPRS services not allowed h) GPRS services not allowed in this PLMN
Not Updated
Any LR failure not specified for state Roaming not allowed or Idle, No IMSI occurs, in which the UE is not certain whether or not the network has received and accepted the LR attempt.
Roaming not allowed
The UE receives an LR reject message with either of the following causes: a) PLMN not allowed b) Location area not allowed c) Roaming not allowed in this location area d) No suitable cells in location area
II. Algorithm
Periodic Location Registration Periodic location registration may be used to periodically notify the network of the availability of the UE. It is controlled by a Periodic Location Update timer (T3212, for
non-GPRS operation) or a Periodic Routing Area Update timer (T3312, for GPRS operation):
The value range of T3212(corresponding MML parameters: Periodical location update timer) is 0255 (unit: 1/10 hr; granularity: 1/10 hr) Suppose the UE is switched on or the system information indicates that periodic location registration shall be applied, and the timer is not running. Then the timer shall be loaded with a random value between 0 and the broadcast or signaled time-out value and started. For example, t1 is the new T3212 timeout value. Then the new timer shall be started randomly at a value between 0 and t1.
When the timer reaches its expiry value, it shall be initiated with respect to the relevant time-out value. The UE shall initiate the periodic location registration corresponding to the expired timer, and the started.
T3212 shall be prevented from triggering periodic location update in connected mode. When the UE returns to idle mode, T3212 shall be initiated with respect to the broadcast time-out value, and then started. The UE shall initiate the periodic location registration corresponding to the expired timer.
T3312 shall be prevented from triggering periodic routing area update in Ready state. At transition from Ready to Standby state, T3312 shall be initiated with respect to its time-out value, and then started. The UE shall initiate the periodic location registration corresponding to the expired timer.
If the UE performs a successful combined routing area update, T3212 shall be prevented from triggering periodic location update. This prevention shall be performed until the UE starts location update, for example, because a network operation mode changes or the UE uses non-GPRS services only.
When the serving cell changes or the broadcast/signaled time-out value changes, the timeout value shall change accordingly. Here, the related timer shall be reloaded.
Suppose t1 is the new T3212 timeout value and t is the current timer value. Then the timer shall be restarted with the value of t mod t1. The value of T3212 is sent by the network to the UE in SIB 1. The value of T3312 is sent by the network to the UE in the messages ATTACH ACCEPT and ROUTING AREA UPDATE ACCEPT. The value of T3312 shall be unique within an RA.
Periodical location update timer T3212 0255 6 min 10 Optional MOD CNDOMAIN/ ADD CNDOMAIN
Periodical location update is implemented by MS through the location update procedure. 0: The periodical update procedure is not used. This parameter is valid only when [CN domain ID] is set as CS_DOMAIN.
IMSI Attach and Detach Operation The system information will contain an indicator indicating whether IMSI attach/detach operation is mandatory in the cell. The UE shall operate in accordance with the received value of the indicator. This indicator, however, shall not be considered in GRPS attach/detach. When IMSI detach operation applies, the UE shall send the IMSI detach message to the network when the UE is switched off or the SIM is removed while being in the UPDATED state. This IMSI detach message will not be acknowledged by the network. If the UE is still in the original registration area when returning to the active state, the UE shall perform an LR request indicating IMSI attach. Otherwise, an LR request shall indicate normal location update. Algorithm When There Are No Suitable Cells in Location Area If the UE receives the LR response "No Suitable Cells In Location Area" during location registration, then the UE shall search for another location area in the same PLMN where it received the LR response. If the UE finds another location area, it shall attempt registration. Otherwise, an automatic or manual selection procedure shall be followed.
2.5.9 Paging
I. Principle
Paging is used for the network to send paging messages to UEs in idle mode, CELL_PCH state, or URA_PCH state. The UE in idle mode may use Discontinuous
Reception (DRX) in order to reduce power consumption. The UE needs to monitor only one Page Indicator (PI) in one Paging Occasion per DRX cycle. For FDD, The DRX cycle length shall be 2 k frames. Where, k is an integer and is decided by the following three parameters:

CN domain specific DRX cycle length for CS CN domain specific DRX cycle length for PS UTRAN DRX cycle length coefficient
II. Algorithm
The following introduces the three parameters:
CN domain specific DRX cycle lengths The UE may be attached to different CN domains with different CN domain specific DRX cycle lengths. The UE shall store these lengths for all CN domains the UE is attached to and use the shortest one. The CN specific DRX cycle length coefficient of the CS domain shall be updated locally in the UE through system information. The coefficient of the PS domain shall be updated after the negotiation between the UE and PS domain through NAS procedure. If no specific value "k" is negotiated in NAS procedure, the UE and PS domain shall use the DRX cycle length given for PS domain in system information. For a UE in idle mode, the DRX cycle length equals to the following or the shortest value of the following: Any of the stored DRX cycle length for the CN domains the UE is attached to with no signaling connection established For a UE in CELL_PCH state or URA_PCH state, it equals to the shortest value of the following: UTRAN DRX cycle length Any of the stored DRX cycle length for the CN domains the UE is attached to with no signaling connection established
UTRAN DRX cycle length This parameter value is sent to the UE through the RRC CONNECTION SETUP message without distinguishing specific CN domain types. The UTRAN side determines the Paging Occasion based on all the following information (this occasion is actually the frame number in the paging channel cycle length of 4096 frames): IMSI The number of available S-CCPCHs that carry a PCH The Cell System Frame Number (SFN)
The DRX cycle length DRX cycle length coefficient DRXCYCLELENCOEF 69 6 Optional MOD CNDOMAIN/ ADD CNDOMAIN
CN domain specific DRX cycle length coefficient broadcast on SIB1 and used by UEs in Idle Mode.
2.5.10 System Information Reception

I. Structure of System Information
System information is used for the network to broadcast network information to UEs camping on a cell so as to control the behavior of UEs. System information is organized as a tree, including:
MIB Master Information Block (MIB) gives reference and scheduling information for a number of SIBs in a cell or one or two SBs in a cell. The MIB contains only the PLMN types supported and the corresponding PLMN identities.
SB Scheduling Block (SB) gives reference and scheduling information to other SIBs. The scheduling information of a SIB may be included in only one of MIB and SB.
SIB System Information Block (SIB) contains actual system information. It consists of system information elements (IEs) with the same purpose.
When selecting a new cell, the UE reads the MIB. The UE may locate the MIB by predefined scheduling information. The IEs in the MIB includes MIB value tag, PLMN type, PLMN identity, and other SIB scheduling information. The main purposes of reading the MIB are as follows:
By reading the PLMN type, the UE can know the PLMN type of the current network.
By reading the PLMN identity, the UE can check it is the selected PLMN. By comparing the value tag in the MIB with that stored for this cell and PLMN, the UE can determine whether to read and store scheduling information. By reading the scheduling information in each SIB, the UE can know the value tag and actual position of each SIB. By comparing the value tag in each SIB with that stored for this cell and PLMN, the UE can determine whether to read and store the SIB. For those SIBs not supported by the UE, it will skip reading and monitoring them.
The UE may use the scheduling information in MIB and SB to locate each SIB to be acquired. If the UE receives a SIB in a position according to the scheduling information and consider the content valid, it will read and store it.
II. Reception of System Information

The UE shall read system information broadcast on a BCH transport channel when the UE is in idle mode or in connected mode, that is, in CELL_FACH, CELL_PCH, or URA_PCH state. The main processing methods are as follows:
When the UE is switched off Except the SIBs stored in the USIM and used for stored information cellselection, the UE shall consider other stored SIBs as invalid.
When the UE is switched on The UE shall store SIBs with area scope (cell, PLMN or Equivalent PLMN, and their value tag). These SIBs are used when the UE returns to these cells.
When selecting a new cell The UE shall consider all current SIBs with area scope cell and PLMN to be invalid, and store and use a new one. If the identity of this PLMN is not indicated to be equivalent to the identity of the previously selected PLMN, the UE shall consider all SIBs with area scope Equivalent PLMN to be invalid, and store and use a new one.
When selecting a new cell in the current PLMN The UE shall consider all current SIBs with area scope cell to be invalid, and store and use a new one.
2.6 Capabilities
None
2.7 Implementation
2.7.1 Enabling UE Behaviors in Idle Mode
This feature does not need extra hardware or initialization. It takes effect automatically.
For the network planning or optimization, the data can be adjusted on the RNC LMT as required. Default value of the related parameters is recommended to be used.
2.7.2 Reconfiguring Parameters

I. Parameter Reconfiguration on the RNC Side
Table 1.1 describes the commands used for the reconfiguration on the RNC side. Table 1.1 Commands for the reconfiguration on the RNC side Function About the cell selection and reselection information To query the selection and reselection information To add the selection and reselection information To modify the selection and reselection information About the cell HCS parameters About the cell SIB switch To add HCS parameters To modify HCS parameters To query the system information block(SIB) switch of a cell To add the SIB switch of a cell To modify the SIB switch of a cell About UE timers and constants in idle mode To query UE timers and constants in idle mode To set UE timers and constants in idle mode About UE timers and constants in connected mode To query UE timers and constants in connected mode To set UE timers and constants in connected mode About the PCH configuration To query the PCH configuration information LST PCH SET CONNMODETIMER LST CONNMODETIMER SET IDLEMODETIMER LST IDLEMODETIMER ADD CELLSIBSWITCH MOD CELLSIBSWITCH ADD CELLHCS MOD CELLHCS LST CELLSIBSWITCH MOD CELLSELRESEL ADD CELLSELRESEL Command LST CELLSELRESEL
Function information To add the PCH configuration information To remove the PCH configuration information About the PICH configuration information To query the PICH configuration information To add the PICH configuration information To remove the PICH configuration information
Command ADD PCH
RMV PCH
LST PICH
ADD PICH
RMV PICH
II. Parameter Reconfiguration on the NodeB Side

None.
III. Examples
//Query the cell selection and reselection information of the cell 1. LST CELLSELRESEL: CellId=1, LstFormat=VERTICAL; //Modify the lowest quality criterion corresponding to CPICH Ec/N0 to 22 dB. MOD CELLSELRESEL: CELLID=1, QQUALMIN=-22;
2.7.3 Disabling UE Behaviors in Idle Mode

UE behaviors in idle mode can be set and reconfigured, but not disabled.
2.8 Maintenance Information

2.8.1 Alarms
ALM_2005 System Information Update Failed
2.8.2 Counters
Table 1.1 describes the counters related to UE behaviors in idle mode.
Table 1.1 Counters related to UE behavior in idle mode Item Description Measurement object -> measurement family -> measurement unit VS.RANAP.Paging.Att Number of CN Paging Requests VS.RANAP.Paging.Att.I dleUE VS.RANAP.Paging.Succ .IdleUE VS.UTRAN.Paging1.Att Number of Times of Paging Idle UE Successful Number of Times of Paging Idle UE Number of UTRANOriginated PAGING TYPE 1 Messages VS.UTRAN.Paging2.Att Number of PAGING TYPE 2 Messages VS.UTRAN.SuccPage1 Number of Successful Responses to PAGING TYPE 1 Messages VS.CN.Page.Loss.IUFC Number of Paging Messages Discarded due to Iu Interface Flow Control VS.CN.Page.Loss.PCH Cong Number of Paging Messages Lost due to PCH Congestion RNC->SIG->PAGE.RNC RNC->SIG->PAGE.RNC RNC->SIG->PAGE.RNC RNC->SIG->PAGE.RNC RNC->SIG->PAGE.RNC RNC->SIG->PAGE.RNC RNC->SIG->PAGE.RNC RNC->SIG->PAGE.RNC
2.9 References

3GPP, TS 22.011 "Service accessibility" 3GPP, TS 23.122 "NAS Functions related to Mobile Station (MS) in idle mode" 3GPP, TS 24.008 "Mobile radio interface layer 3 specification; Core Network Protocols - Stage 3" 3GPP, TS 25.304 "UE Procedures in Idle Mode and Procedures for Cell Reselection in Connected Mode" 3GPP, TS 25.331 "Radio Resource Control (RRC)" 3GPP, TS 31.102 "Characteristics of the USIM Application"

02-UE Behaviors in Idle Mode

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02-UE Behaviors in Idle Mode

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RAN Feature Description

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RAN Feature Description

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RAN Feature Description

Chapter 2 UE Behaviors in Idle Mode

Chapter 2 UE Behaviors in Idle Mode

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Chapter 2 UE Behaviors in Idle Mode

2.1.3 Terms and Abbreviations

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Chapter 2 UE Behaviors in Idle Mode

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Table 1.1 NEs required for UE behaviors in idle mode UE Note:

: not required : required

2.2.2 Software Releases

RAN Feature Description

Chapter 2 UE Behaviors in Idle Mode

2.3.2 Impact on Other Features

2.5 Technical Description

Frequency Band Indication

Figure 1.1 UE Behaviors in Idle Mode configuration model

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User selection of PLMN PLMN selection and reselection Indication to user

NAS defined service areas

PLMNs available NAS defined service areas Radio measurement

Location registration response

Cell selection and reselection

Location registration changes CM requests Location registration

2.5.3 PLMN Selection

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2.5.4 PLMN Selection in HPLMNs

Automatic PLMN Selection Manual PLMN Selection

II. Automatic PLMN Selection Mode

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III. Manual PLMN Selection Mode

IV. Signaling Procedure for the Automatic PLMN Selection

1.RRC PLMN LIST IND (all PLMN identity(GSM-MAP) or SID/MIN_P_REV)

Use last stored cell list, if any

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V. Signaling Procedure for the Manual PLMN Selection

2.5.5 PLMN Selection in VPLMNs

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2.5.6 Cell Selection

The cell selection is of two types: