Preliminary Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Design (S.I.

units) Estimation of Heat Transfer Area Needed

Inputs
Fluid1 mass flow rate, m1 = 11300 kg/hr
o

Calculations
Overall heat transf. coeff. estim., U = 2448 kJ/hr-m2-K

Fluid1 temp. in, T1in =

90

Heat Transfer Rate, Q =

1,050,900

kJ/hr

Fluid1 temp. out, T1out =

60

Log Mean Temp Diff, DTlm = 44.8

o

Fluid1 sp. heat, Cp1 =

3.1

kJ/kg-oC Heat Transfer Area, A = 9.58 m2

Fluid2 temp. in, T2in =

10

C Fluid2 mass flow

Fluid2 temp. out, T2out =

50

rate, m2 =

6270

kg/hr

Fluid2 sp. heat, Cp2 = Overall heat transf. coeff. estim., U =

4.2

kJ/kg-oC

680

J/sec-m 2-K

Equations used for calculations:

Q = + (m1)(Cp1)(T1in - T1out) Q = + (m2)(Cp2)(T2in - T2out) DTlm = [(T1in - T2out) - (T1out - T2in)]/ln[(T1in - T2out)/(T1out - T2in)] Q = U A DTlm

Preliminary Heat Exchanger Design (Shell and Tube) Determination of Size and Number of Tubes (for known heat transfer area)
Inputs
Heat Transfer Area, A = (from calculations above) Surf. Area/tube, AT = Tube Diameter, Dmm = (in mm) 12 mm No. of tubes, N = 50.8 0.19 m2 9.58 m2

Calculations
Tube Diam. In m, D = 0.012 m

Tube Length, L =

Equations used for calculations: D = Dmm/1000 AT = pDL

N = A/AT

Calculation of Frictional Head Loss through Tubes

for given flow rate, Q, pipe diam., D, pipe length, L, number of tubes, N, pipe roughness, e, and fluid properties, r & m.
1. Determ. Frict. Factor, f, assuming completely turbulent flow

{ f = [1.14 + 2 log10(D/e)]-2 }
50.8

Inputs
Pipe Diameter, D Pipe Roughness, e Pipe Length, L Pipe Flow Rate, Q Fluid Density, r (tubeside fluid) Fluid Viscosity, m (tubeside fluid) 0.001787 N-s/m2 12 0.15 5 0.00345 910 mm mm m m3/s kg/m3

No. of tubes, N =

Calculations
Pipe Diameter, D Friction Factor, f Cross-Sect. Area, A = Ave. Velocity, V Reynolds number, Re 0.012 0.04088 0.005748 0.600 3,667 m2 m/s m

2. Check on whether the given flow is "completely turbulent flow" (Calculate f with the transition region equation and see if it differs from the one calculated above.)

f = {-2*log10[((e/D)/3.7)+(2.51/(Re*(f1/2))]}-2
Transistion Region Friction Factor, f: Repeat calc of f using new value of f: Repeat again if necessary: f= f= f= 0.0531 0.0518 0.0519

3. Calculate hL and DPf, using the final value for f calculated in step 2

(hL = f(L/D)(V /2g)

Frictional Head Loss, hL Frictional Pressure Drop, DPf Frictional Pressure Drop, DPf

and DPf = rghL)

0.39697 m

3544

N/m2

3.5

kN/m2