a S ec XN SanskritFirst Edition: Delhi, 1984 Reprint: Ddhi, 1986, 1989, 1996, 2000 © MOTILAL BANARSIDASS PUBLISHERS PRIVATE LIMITED All Rights Reserved ISBN: 81-208-0173-3 (Cloth) ISBN: 81-208-0199-7 (Paper) Also available at: MOTILAL BANARSIDASS 41 U.A. Bungalow Road, Jawahar Nagar, Delhi 110 007 8 Mahalaxmi Chamber, Warden Road, Mumbai 400 026 120 Royapettah High Road, Mylapore, Chennai 600 004 236, 9th Main III Block, Jayanagar, Bangalore 560 011 Sanas Plaza, 1302 Baji Rao Road, Pune 411 002 8 Camac Street, Calcutta 700 017 Ashok Rajpath, Patna 800 004 Chowk, Varanasi 221 001 PRINTED IN INDIA. BY JAINENDRA PRAKASH JAIN AT SHRI JAINENDRA PRESS, A-45 NARAINA, PHASE I, NEW DELHI 110 028 AND PUBLISHED BY NARENDRA PRAKASH JAIN FOR MOTILAL BANARSIDASS PUBLISHERS PRIVATE LIMITED, BUNGALOW ROAD, DELHI 110 007CONTENTS Preface vii A Note of Thanks _ xv Introduction: The Sanskrit Alphabet xvi 1.__ Thematic verbs; present active endings z 2. The cases; declensions of deva, phalam 6 3. The middle present i 4._Samdhi of final vowels 13 5.__Samdhi of -as, -As, -s, -r 16 6.__Samdhi: -r, -n, -t, -n- 19 7._ Agni, kirti, sena 22 8.__The imperfect active 24 9. The imperfect middle: use of iti 27 10.__Declensions of nadi and pad 30 11. _Declensions of datr, rajan 35 12._Declensions of aham, tvam, sa 39 13. Ayam and asau; relatives 44 14. The optative active; nouns in -u 51 15. The optative middle; nouns in -s 55 16. The imperative active; tatpurusa compounds 59 17. The imperative middle; dvandva compounds 64 18. Bahuvrihi compounds 68 19. Athematic verbs, class 2 71 20. Athematic verbs, classes 5, 7, 8, and 9 84 21. Athematic verbs, class 3; reduplication 92 22. Possessives in -in, -vant, -mant; present active 7 participles 98 23.__The present middle participle; the locative and genitive absolutes 105 24, The passive 110 25._The causative 118 26. Past passive participles; past active participles 128 Copyrighted material