Gas Spring Stabilus-SKF

Stabilus gas springs
Copyright SKF 2004

The contents of this publication are the
copyright of the publisher and may not
be reproduced (even extracts) unless
permission is granted. Every care has
been taken to ensure the accuracy of
the information contained in this publi-
cation but no liability can be accepted
for any loss or damage whether direct,
indirect or consequential arising out of
the use of the information contained
herein.
Previous catalogues, in which the data
deviate from those given here, are
rendered invalid. The right is reserved
to make changes necessitated by
technological developments.
Catalogue 5507 E
June 2004
Printed in France
SKF is a registered trademark
of SKF AB, Sweden.
The gas springs are developed and produced in Germany by STABILUS GmbH.
Linear Motion
General Other products
SKF Group
The SKF Group is an international
industrial corporation owned by SKF
Sweden AB. Founded in 1907, the
company has some 39 000 employ-
ees, 80 manufacturing sites and a
sales network via its own sales com-
panies, distributors and dealers cover-
ing 150 countries around the world.
SKF is the world leader in the rolling
bearing business.
SKF Linear Motion
SKF Linear Motion belongs to the
SKF Group and is specialised in the
manufacturing and sales of a wide
range of high precision components,
units and systems for linear move-
ments, providing solutions for guiding,
driving, actuation and positioning
tasks. In addition, SKF Linear Motion
also offers a large assortment of pro-
ducts which are in synergy to the line-
ar motion range and are providing
complete solutions for applications.
SKF Linear Motion comprises 4 pro-
duct lines with 10 specialised sales
companies in Europe and North
America; additionally, product availabi-
lity and product application support is
provided worldwide by the internatio-
nal sales network of the SKF Group.
A complete range from a single source for all
linear motion functions.
Guiding Driving
Actuation Positioning
Furniture gas springs. Gas springs for comfortable table height
adjustment.
Stainless steel gas springs. Stab-O-Focs for opening and clo-
sing system.
2 SKF SKF 99
3+& 5

1
1. Gas Springs, Properties And
Operation
Gas springs are primarily used to provide a counterbalance or force as-
sistance, but can also be used to provide damping or an end-stop. n any
case, gas springs are implemented to achieve a comfortable and relia-
ble adjustment function, in addition to a leaving a clear mark of quality
on the end product.
The gas spring's function is based on the potential energy of com-
pressed gas, and compared to mechanical springs, offer the following
advantages :
- a hat spring rate which means a reIative constant force, even for
high forces and over Iong strokes,
- compact construction
- straightforward and quick assembIy
- a seIectabIe Iinear, digressive or progressive characteristic, gi-
ven a simiIar outer shape.
- Damped motion controI, dehnabIe over specihc positions or over
the fuII stroke.
- InhniteIy IockabIe
- Rigid or eIastic in Iocked position
- End Stop function
Further gas spring functions can be realized using combinations of the
above properties. Devices with dampened adjustment motion are fre-
quently used in combination with end-position locking. A further variant
is the design of devices with dampened motion and progressive spring
characteristic etc. According to the function and application, STABLUS
gas springs are subdivided into three types :
The LFT-O-MAT
gas spring is primarily intended as an force element

for position adjustment. Typical application examples in the automotive
industry are gas springs which allow easy opening of Tailgates, Trun-
klids and Hoods.
The BLOC-O-LFT
locking gas spring fulfls the same tasks as the

LFT-O-MAT
; however, the BLOC-O-LFT
additionally allows infni-

tely-variable locking. Applications for the BLOC-O-LFT
are the back

adjustment in swivel chairs and the recline adjustment in hospital beds
STAB-O-MAT
and STAB-O-BLOC
locking gas springs are used to ad-

just the height of swivel chairs. The supporting columns with these gas
springs can withstand transverse forces and bending moments while pro-
viding infnitely-variable height adjustment and comfortable cushioning.
1.1 Physical Properties Of The Ideal Gas Spring
n order to explain the basic function and physical properties of the
gas spring on an understandable mathematical basis, an ideal model
will be applied. Therefore, the infuences of friction, fow and tempera-
ture will not be considered in this section. This ideal model can be ap-
plied to all varieties of the gas spring, regardless of the construction.
The gas spring is a closed system consisting of a pressure tube and pis-
ton rod with piston, as well as compressed Nitrogen (N2) as an energy
source and a lubrication oil. (Fig 1

) shows a block diagram of the
gas spring.
Diagram Of The Gas Spring
1.1.1 Spring Force And Characteristic Curve Of The Ideal Gas
Spring
The piston rod with cross section AK is axially guided wi-
thin the pressure tube as shown in (Fig 1

). The cross sec-
tion of the pressure tube is designated with AR (see (Fig
1
) A
seal between the piston rod and pressure tube seals off pressuri-
zed gas p from the ambient pressure pU. A nozzle in the piston en-
sures that the pressure is the same on both sides of the piston.
Balancing the forces on the piston in any position yields
F + p . (A
R
-A
K
) - p . A
R
= 0
F = p . A
K
(1)
The spring force F is thus the product of the inside pressure and the pis-
ton rod cross sectional area. n the extended position, the pressure of
the gas spring (s=s 1) is p1. The resultant spring force in the extended
position is :
F
1
= p
1
. A
K
Technical information
F2
s
s1
AK
pU
AR
s2
Piston Nozzle
Sealand
guideelement
Pressure
tube Pistonrod
P P
N2
F
F
F1
F
N2
Fig 1
6 3+&
1 TechnicaI information
As the piston rod is pushed into the pressure tube, the gas volume is re-
duced by the volume of the inserted piston rod, resulting in an increase
in pressure. Therefore, the gas spring in the compressed condition
(s=s2) at pressure = p
2
will yield a spring force of :
F
2
= p
2
. A
K
Both forces have been plotted on the diagram in (Fig

1

) which il-
lustrates a linear relationship. n the ideal gas spring, this characteristic
curve applies to the compression and extension force of the gas spring.
The correlation between the change in pressure and volume is descri-
bed by the following polytropic equation :
p . V
n
= Constant = p
1
. V
n
1
The shape of the characteristic curve can be calculated using equation
F = p
1
. A
K
(V
1
/V)
n
(2)
with V = V
1
- A
K
. S
and V
1
= A
R
. (S
2
-S
1
)
where V
1
is the compressible gas volume in extended condition, i.e. at
the start of the stroke S
1
of the gas spring. A
K
. S is the volume of the
inserted piston rod.
Equation [2] indicates the parameters which infuence the characteristic
curve of the gas spring. They are as follows :
- the pressure of the flled gas p
1
,
- the cross-section of the piston rod A
K
, the available gas volume V
1
or
respectively the cross-section of pressure-tube A
R
.
By varying the above factors in equation [2] we obtain the curve shown
in (Fig

2

). which illustrates the isothermal change of condition
(n=1). This simplifcation is applicable if the gas spring is not actuated
continuously, as the temperature of the gas during the compression of
the piston rod is nearly constant.
f for example, pressure p
1
, with which the gas spring is flled, is in-
creased, an upward parallel displacement of the spring characteristic
will occur. Larger diameter piston rods at identical flling pressures and
tube geometry will also result in a force increase of the gas spring. Whe-
reas the force increases in extended condition (S
1
) increases linearly,
the force in compressed condition (S
2
) increase even further, because
of the greater compressed piston rod volume. f pressure tubes of a
smaller cross-section A
R
are used, or if oil is added in the pressure tube,
the gas volume V
1
will be reduced.
The spring force in the extended condition remains unchanged. Howe-
ver, the rate of change in spring force increases, because of the greater
reduction in gas volume during compression.
1.1.2 Force Ratio Of The Ideal Gas Spring
n (Fig

2

) force ratio x has been given as an additional parameter.
t is a measure of the increase in spring force over the stroke of the gas
spring independent from the shape of the curve. The force ratio x is de-
fned as the ratio of the gas spring force at the compressed condition to
force at the extended condition.
X = F
2
/F
1
= V
1
/V
2
X = V
1
/(V
1
-A
K
. (S
2
-S
1
)) (3)
For a force ratio x close to one, which is a result of a large pressure tube
volume relative to piston rod volume, the characteristic curve is virtually
a straight line. Compared to mechanical coil springs, the force increase
over the travel of the spring is minimal.
Spring characteristic dependent on different factors
Through differentiation of the spring force equation [2] we obtain with
n = 1 spring rate c for :
c = dF/ds = p1
1
. A
2
K
. V
1
/(V
1
-A
K
. S)
2
.
Given a linear spring characteristic curve, the spring rigidity can be cal-
culated in a straightforward manner using the difference quotients of the
spring characteristic :
c = $F/$s = F
1
. (x-1)/(S
2
-S
1
) (4)
1.1.3 Work Of The Ideal Gas Spring
The potential energy stored during the compression of the gas spring is
made available during extension as an output force capable of exerting
work. The spring force corresponds to the surface area under the cha-
racteristic curve F(S), as shown in (Fig 3

) :
with dW = F.ds
and equation (2) : dW = p
1
. A
K
. (V
1
/V)
n
. ds (5)
Work W can be determined by integrating equation (5)
with n=1 (isothermal condition change) for any stroke position of the gas
spring as follows :
W = p
1
. V
1
. n(V
1
/V)
For the characteristic in (Fig

3

) the useful spring force W 2 in com-
pressed position s=s 2 is :
W
2
= p
1
. V
1
. n(V
1
/V
2
)
Note : there is less available work in a real gas spring due the effects of
friction during compression and extension (see. Chap. 1.2.1).
F
s
s
p"
p'
A"
A' A'
A"
nfluenceof
fillingpressurep1
nfluenceof
thepistonrod
cross-sectionAK
nfluenceof
thepressuretube
cross-section
p
1
x
p'
1
<p"
1
const. const.
const.
const. A'
K
<A"
K
,A
R
=const. A'
R
>A"
R
,A
K
=const.
x'<x" x'<x"
1
s
2
F
s
s
1
s
2
F
s
s
1
s
2
K R
K R
A
K,R
Fig
Gas Springs, Properties and Operation
3+& 7

1
Spring force of the gas spring
1.2 Technical Gas Spring Real
Up to this point, the infuences of several factors had been ignored in the
description of the ideal gas spring. The following explains the effect of
the previously disregarded variables such as friction resistance, fow re-
sistance in the piston nozzle and gas temperature on the function of the
gas spring. The explanations of the technical gas spring are relevant to
all discussed gas spring types.
1.2.1 Spring Force And Spring Characteristic Of The Technical
Gas Spring
(Fig

4

) shows an example of the technical gas springs characteris-
tic curve. At point B, the gas spring is fully compressed. At point A, full
extended. Extension starts point B, where the extension force along line
A-B is available to move the piston rod or the respective load on the pis-
ton road. To compress the piston rod, a force must be applied which is
greater than frictional force, as well as the force along line A
B
. The na-
ture and magnitude of the friction force is dependent on the operation of
the gas spring. f the piston rod is being compressed or extended, the
dynamic friction force F
R dyn
will ensue, whereas in still condition, the sta-
tic friction force F
R stat
is active. The differences are illustrated by the fol-
lowing discussion of measuring techniques.
Dynamic Measurement
From the fully extended position, the gas spring is compressed at a
constant test velocity until fully compressed. The subsequent, auto-
matic extension is controlled at the same constant velocity. During
compression/extension, the force reaction is recorded, resulting in the
characteristic curve. The difference between the extension and com-
pression forces, as well as the technical gas spring and the ideal gas
spring is analogous to (Fig

4

) pF
R dyn
/2.
This friction force occurs because of the sliding friction on the piston
sealing ring and the seal and guide elements as well as fow resistance
in the piston nozzle. The extent of the fow resistance is dependent on
the measurement or actuation speed. Therefore, faster extension and
compression speeds result in a higher dynamic friction whereas lower
speeds incur minor dynamic friction. The fow resistance can be infuen-
ced by the shape and size of the fow path in the piston, thus allowing the
resultant damping to be tuned to a specifc application. (see Chap. 2.1).
The piston rod seal is constructed to achieve an optimum balance
between minimum sliding friction and a long lifetime of the gas spring.
The pressure of the seal exercised on the piston rod is dependent on the
spring force, respectively on the flling pressure of the gas spring. Large
extension forces require a strong pressure on the seal, to prevent gas
loss and maintain the gas spring function over time and use.
n order to obtain reproducible measurements, specifed measuring
points (5 mm from compressed and extended position as standard)
have been designated, and the related force designations have been
defned. (Fig

4 ) The measuring points and corresponding force va-
lues of the gas spring are specifed in the relevant STABLUS gas spring
drawing.
Spring characteristic of the technicaI gas spring
Static Measurement
Similar to the dynamic measurement, the static measurement is perfor-
med with a constant speed. However, the motion is interrupted at the
measuring points and the spring force is measured in a static condition.
The difference between the compression and extension forces, as well
F
3 dyn.
s
F
F
1 dyn.
Stroko start
Stroko
Compross piston rod
Piston rod oxtond
F
4 dyn.
Stroko on
F
2 dyn.
Dynamio moasuromont
Statio moasuromont
F
P

d
y
n
.
F
3 stat.
F
4 stat.
F
2 stat.
F
1 stat.
s
F
Moasuring point
oxtondod
Moasuring point
oomprossod
Dynamio
moasuromont
Statio
moasuromont
doal gas
spring
F
P

s
t
a
t
.
A
B
F
Fig
s
s1
AK
AR
s2
ds
dW
F
F
F
W2
Fig
3+&
as the difference between the ideal and technical gas spring, is pF
R stat
/2.
The friction force F
R stat
is caused by the static friction of the sealing ele-
ments. t is less than the dynamic friction, which is indicated for exam-
ple by F1stat is greater than F
1 dyn.
Typically, when the extension force is
discussed, it is the static force which is referred to. Both measurements
are carried out at the standard temperature T
0
= 20 C. these measu-
rements are used to describe all function values of the gas spring. To
obtain reproductible measurement results, two stabilizing strokes are
completed prior to the actual measurement stroke. The springs charac-
teristics obtained from the frst, second and third stroke (measurement
stroke) are shown in (Fig

5 ).
Spring characteristic in the hrst, second and third stroke
The force peak at the beginning of the frst stroke is designated as the
break-away force F
LB1
. t only occurs when the gas spring has not been
used for a long while. During extended periods of unuse, the lubrication
migrates away from under the sealing lip resulting in an increased static
friction. As seen in the above chart, the second and third strokes have
virtually identical function values and the break-away force has been
fully eliminated.
Force Ratio (Spring Characteristic Curve)
As already stated in Chap. 1.1.2, the magnitude of the spring force is
determined by the flling pressure, the force ratio and by the gas spring
dimensions (pressure tube and piston rod cross-section). The force ratio
value is normally situated in the range
1,01 < x < 1,6.
The bottom limit is obtained from an ideal gas spring geometry similarly
to equation [3], the upper limit is a practical value based on component
stability and reasonable safety factors.
1.2.2 Temperature Behavior Of the Technical Gas Spring
n addition to friction and fow resistance, the gas spring forces are di-
rectly dependent on temperature, due to the compressed gas in the
system. The dependency is can be derived as a frst approximation of
the ideal gas equation :
p(T)/p = T/T
0
= F(T)/F
The spring force of the gas spring in extended position and obtained at
a random temperature is then :
F
1
(T) = F
1
. T/T
0
Where F
1
is the spring force at standard temperature
T
0
= 20 C (293 K). The force curves of a gas spring at temperatures T =
T
0
, T > T
0
and T < T
0
are shown in (Fig

6

). n general, the gas spring
is intended for a maximum operating temperature of 0 C. This ac-
counts for the real properties of nitrogen (N
2
) in respect to temperature
and pressure changes. The force change of the gas spring as a function
of pressure and temperature is also represented in (Fig

6

).
Spring force change and spring force behavior at different tempe-
ratures
1.2.3 Lifetime Of The Technical Gas Spring
Gas springs for e.g. automobile applications are designed in such a way
that they can reach some 30,000 cycles via the whole stroke without
problem. Which means a loss in spring force during endurance testing
is of less than 10 %.
t is also possible to equip the gas spring with special sealing system for
special circumstances or requirements. n addition to the number of ac-
tuation cycles, the lifetime of the gas spring is also dependent on the na-
tural permeability of the components. Applications with operating tem-
s
F
F
LB1
dealgasspring 1ststroke 2ndstroke 3rdstroke
Fig
s
F
F
1
(
T = T0
)
F
1
(
T >T0
)
F
1
(
T <T0
)
T > T0 T < T0 T0 T=
10
20
30
-30
-20
-10
0 -20 -40 80 60 40
T | C ]
Filling prossuro 100 bar
50
1
doal gas
F | % ]
Fig
Gas Springs, Properties and Operation
3+&

1
peratures in the range of ambient temperatures have a positive effect on
the life-time of gas springs. Generally speaking, the force loss depends
on the current application (ambient temperature, environmental infuen-
ces etc.) and the sealing elements used. The force loss of the STABLUS
standard gas springs is less than eight percent of the specifed output
force during the frst two years.
10 3+&
2. Gas Springs for Force Supply
The basic function of gas springs is to provide force support. n addition
to lifting, gas springs can also be used for targeted damping of a move-
ment with a defned speed. n addition, there are numerous other func-
tions that these gas springs can perform to provide even more comfort
and safety in the application.
This chapter provides an overview of the non-locking STABLUS gas
springs, which are usually used in applications with only two end posi-
tions, such as doors and faps that need to be moved comfortably from
a closed to an open position (e.g., vehicle tailgate).
(Fig

1

) illustrates the additional functions available, and at the same
time, it provides a summary of the different product designations and
variants of these gas springs.
Overview of STABILUS gas springs for force suppIy
2.1 STABILUS Gas Spring LIFT-O-MAT
The LFT-O-MAT
is the standard type of the STABLUS gas springs. ts

name symbolizes its function, namely lifting something, such as a
tailgate. However, this is only one of numerous application possibilities.
t always provides force support, thus making the application more com-
fortable. n addition, it can also control the extension speed or the dam-
ping, depending on the function. (Fig

2

) illustrates the structure and
spring characteristic curve of a LFT-O-MAT
gas spring in a diagram.

Next is an overview of the major components of the LFT-O-MAT
gas
spring, since they play an important part in the core tasks of adjusting
and damping. The adjustment or spring force is generated by the gas
pressure inside the device ; damping is generated by the piston pac-
kage.
LIFT-O-MAT
, structure and spring characteristic curve

2.1.1 LIFT-O-MAT
Piston Package
n principle, a piston with a simple nozzle bore would be suffcient for
hydraulic damping of a gas spring motion. On the one hand, this bore
could get easily clogged and would not guarantee functional safety ; on
the other hand, it would be diffcult to infuence the damping characteris-
tics. Therefore, STABLUS uses the STABLUS labyrinth piston shown in
(Fig

3

), the main component of the piston package, in all hydrauli-
cally damped gas springs.
FIow channeI in the StabiIus Iabyrinth piston, gas spring exten-
sion-damped
Sealandguide
element
Pressuretube
coupling
Pistonrod
Pistonrod
endconnection
Piston
package
Oil
Nitrogen
Pressuretube
C mpresspistonrod
Pistonrodisextended
Measuringpoint
extended
Measuringpoint
compressed
Travel
Force
Hub
F1
F3
F4
F2
Fig
SectionC-C
Pistonring
Bore
Labyrinth
Piston Stardisk
Pressure
tube
A B
A B
C
SectionA-A SectionB-B
C
along/ Borepositionsin shortflowconduit
Bore
Fig
Gas Springs for Force SuppIy
3+& 11

1
The STABLUS labyrinth piston damps the motion of the piston when the
gas spring extends, thus providing a defned speed. The extent of the
damping depends on the length of the labyrinth channel that is passed
through. t determines the fow resistance of the piston labyrinth. With
a specifc position of the piston bore, any extension speed desired can
be set within a wide speed range. A long fow channel in the piston
creates slow extension speeds due to the high fow resistance ; a short
fow channel , provides for fast extension speeds.
The axially movable piston ring acts as a control element. n the example
shown, the ring seals the free fow cross-section between piston circum-
ference and pressure tube in the piston rod extension direction. The gas
must now fow through the labyrinth (for example, see long fow chan-
nel in (Fig

3

), before it reaches the pressure chamber on the oppo-
site side. Compared with the undamped piston package (piston without
a piston ring), the extension force, as well as the extension speed v of
the gas spring, are reduced. n the compression direction of the piston
rod, the piston ring fts onto the pinion-shaped disk (star disk), thus un-
blocking the fow cross-section between the piston circumference and
the pressure tube. The gas can then fow through the piston unobstruc-
ted, so that the compression force remains the same compared with an
undamped gas spring. With this piston package, the gas spring is ex-
tension-damped. Depending on the combination and arrangement of
the piston package components, the functional properties, extension
speeds, and spring curve characteristics of the gas spring shown in
(Fig

4

) will result.
Function of different piston packages
The piston required for the respective application can be selected from
a wide range of piston models, so that the extension speed v and the
force needed to compress the gas spring allow for comfortable adjust-
ment of the application.
The extension speeds that can be selected range from 0.01 to 0. m/s.
The adjustment of the application is nearly undamped, if the piston pac-
kage of the gas spring is mounted without a piston ring. n this version,
the LFT-O-MAT
is used mainly to counterbalance weight. The exten-

sion speed of this model is signifcantly higher than in the damped gas
spring. Therefore, a comfortable adjustement function requires special
matching of the gas spring to the respective application. n addition to
damping the adjustment motion, the piston package also limits the gas
spring stroke in the extension direction, and it guides the piston rod in
the pressure tube.
2.1.2 LIFT-O-MAT
Seal and Guide Element

Another support location for the piston rod is the guide element at the
end of the pressure tube. mmediately behind it is the seal that prevents
the pressurized gas from escaping, which inevitably would reduce the
function. Depending on the mounting orientation of the gas spring, there
are different seal systems to ensure the highest level of functional sa-
fety.
(Fig

5

) shows three gas spring variants, which only differ in the
structure of their seal and guide elements. Variant with the standard
seal should preferably be in-stalled with the piston rod pointing down to
ensure continuous lubrication of the seal with the lubricant accumulating
in the seal. Variant , however, has the STABLUS double seal system,
which allows for mounting in any orientation. Even if the gas spring is
mounted with the piston rod pointing upward, the oil enclosed between
the seals ensures the lubrication of both seals. The second seal extends
the life of the gas spring ; therefore, this model is used in applications
that require a high number of duty cycles. (Fig

5

)
Variant has the STABILUS oiI chamber. This variant is suitable for
applications where the gas spring swivels when the application is ad-
justed, thus changing its position. f the gas spring is mounted with the
piston rod pointing down, it flls up the oil reservoir, in which the oil fows
along the free ring slot on the oil chamber jacket. f the gas spring then
swivels, for example when the application is opened, and the piston rod
points upward, there will still be enough oil in the reservoir to lubricate
the seal. All seal systems can be augmented by a felt chamber upon
request. n that case, a felt ring impregnated with special grease provi-
des additional lubrication of the piston rod across the entire stroke. This
reduces the friction and breakaway force further, thus ensuring the opti-
mum function of the gas spring even in sensitive applications.
Dust and contaminant deposits on the piston rod can have a negative
impact on the life of gas springs. n environmental conditions that are
less than optimal, a protective tube offers protection against contami-
nants, dust, moisture, or possible mechanical impact on the piston rod.
n that case, a mounting orientation should be selected that prevents the
protective tube from getting flled with contaminants or moisture. n order
to improve the functional safety and corrosion resistance even further,
additional protective caps made of plastic protect the crimping and bea-
ding area of the gas spring against moisture, dust, and contaminants.
ForceF
Extentionspeedv
F
v
v
Travel
F
v
F
Extentiondamped
Compressiondamped
Extensionandcompressiondamped
undampedpistonpackage
labyrinthpistonwithpistonring
C
o
m
p
re
s
s
p
is
to
n
ro
d
P
is
to
n
ro
d
is
e
x
te
n
d
e
d
Fig
12 3+&
LIFT-O-MAT
seaI and guide eIement

2.1.3 LIFT-O-MAT
End Fittings
A large variety of end fttings allows for fast and easy installation of the
gas spring in the application. (Fig

6

) shows a selection of Stabilus
LFT-O-MAT
gas spring end fttings, for mounting on the piston rod side
or on the pressure tube side.
2.1.4 LIFT-O-MAT
Gas Spring with Hydraulic and Dynamic

Motion Damping
To approach the end position comfortably, end position damping is pro-
vided in most application cases. (Figs

7a

and 7b ) show the two
principles that can be used for damping the piston rod motion : hydrau-
lic and dynamic damping.
LIFT-O-MAT
with hydrauIic damping

The LFT-O-MAT
with hydraulic damping takes advantage of the fow

resistance of the piston nozzle, which is lower in gas (Fig

7a

), pneu-
matic damping range s2) than in oil (Fig

7a

), hydraulic damping ran-
ge s1). f the gas spring is mounted vertically with the piston rod poin-
ting down, the oil accumulates at the seal and guide element of the gas
spring. As soon as the piston dips into the oil when the piston rod is
pushed out, the piston rod moves much more slowly. With a combination
of different oils and labyrinth pistons, this braking effect can be customi-
zed to the application. The piston rod extension speeds that can be se-
lected for hydraulic damping range from 0.01 to 0. 5 m/s. The length of
the hydraulic damping section is given by the amount of oil in the device.
However, this damping effect can only be utilized in a vertical mounting
orientation with the piston rod pointing down.
SeIection of LIFT-O-MAT
standard httings
LIFT-O-MAT

Balls ckets,ballheads
Jointlugs,swivelheads
Pistonrodend
- insyntheticmaterialor
metalaccordingtoDN
- incombination
withballheads
- invarious
dimension
- fordifferentball
headdiameters
- insyntheticmaterial
ormetal
- invarious
dimensions
- withdifferent
boreorfit
diameters
- welded,screwed
orcrushed
Pressuretubeend
Fig
O
neumatic
dampingrange
Hydraulic
dampingrange
Gas
Pneumatic
dampingranges
2
Hydraulic
dampingranges
1
Extendedgasspring compressed
Run
Speed
D
Fig a
Mountingposition
withpistonrod
pointingdownwards
Random
mounting
Gasspringrotates
inthe
Variant Variant Variant
Seal
Seal
Oilchamber
Lubricating
posi ion applica ion
Fig
3+& 1

1
LIFT-O-MAT

Unlike hydraulic damping, the LFT-O-MAT
with hydraulic damping can

be mounted in any orientation. The extension speed of the gas spring is
controlled by a longitudinal groove inside the pressure tube. n this case,
the piston rod does not have a fow channel, so that the gas fows throu-
gh the free groove cross-section when the piston rod is adjusted. By va-
rying the groove geometry, it is possible to adjust the motion speed of
the piston rod over the entire stroke, thus optimizing it to the respective
application. (Fig

7b

) shows an example of the extension speed be-
havior of a gas spring with a groove cross-section that tapers off toward
the end position of the stroke. The motion proceeds at a continuously
decreasing extension speed, until the piston rod comes almost to a halt,
thus ensuring a smooth stop of the application. When using this tech-
nology, damping in the compression direction is also possible ; this can
be useful in application such as car hoods. Likewise, different groove
geometries are possible, for example for damped approaching of inte-
rim positions.
LIFT-O-MAT
with dynamic damping

2.1.5 LIFT-O-MAT
with a Decreasing or Progressive Spring

Characteristic Curve
Some applications do not require a linear, but a specially adjusted,
stroke-controlled force supply. Such is often the case in end positions
of applications that require disproportionately high or low spring forces
relative to the main adjustment range. The LFT-O-MAT
gas spring is
particularly suited to this, since its spring characteristic curve can be
easily customized to the application by simple addition of coil springs.
Progressive Spring Characteristic Curve
A coil spring between piston and pressure tube bottom creates a pro-
gressive spring characteristic curve, as shown in (Fig

8

). The gas
spring is supported by the force of the coil spring, which increases the
gas spring force when the piston rod is compressed. This solution is
suitable in cases where a particularly high extension force in the com-
pressed position of the gas spring is needed.
Decreasing Spring Characteristic Curve
f the coil spring is placed between the piston and the seal on the pis-
ton rod, the gas spring force is reduced by the force of the coil spring.
The result is a decreasing spring characteristic curve. The spring force
of the extended gas spring is thus appropriately lower than the force of
the standard gas spring.
The spring characteristic curves of both variants can be varied by selec-
ting a different coil spring length (it determines the break point s of the
spring characteristic curve) and the coil spring force (it determines the
slope of the spring characteristic curve in break point s ). Often, a rub-
ber cushion is used instead of the coil spring, so that in addition to the
spring effect of the cushion, the end stop is damped when the piston rod
is pushed in or out. A combination of both variants is also used.
LIFT-O-MAT
with progressive and decreasing spring characteris-

tic curve
2.1.6 LIFT-O-MAT
with End Position Locking

f legal requirements demand safety precautions against unintentio-
nal adjustment, or if the gas spring is subjected to application forces
that exceed its extension force, additional stop devices are the ideal
solution. With integrated, mechanical stop elements (Fig

9

), the
LFT-O-MAT
can lock the application. A typical application example are

mobile sales stands, in which the LFT-O-MAT
can be used to open

neumaticdampingrange,s2
E tendedgasspring c mpressed
Run
Speed
D
C nstantgr e
cr ss-secti n
Degressi egr e
cr ss-secti n
Tube cr ss-secti n
Fig
Run
Force
R n
Force
Degressivecharacteristic Progressivcharacteristic
Coilpressurespring
s
3
s
3
Fig
14 3+&
faps, as well as a locking element against unintentional closing (e.g.,
under a heavy wind or snow load). f more than one gas spring is used
in an application, it is usually suffcient to equip just one of the gas
springs with the mechanical stop element.
The advantages of a mechanical end position lock in LFT-O-MAT
gas
springs can be put in a nutshell :
- Locking and unlocking directly in the adjustment element
- Additional protection against unintentional closing
- Absorption of external forces, such as wind and snow loads
Stabilus offers two gas spring variants with a mechanical stop element
for locking forces of up to 000 N max.
ExternaI mechanicaI Iocking
n this variant, a support tube is ftted on the piston rod end, which pivots
out when the gas spring reaches the fully extended position. f the ex-
ternal load exceeds the gas spring force, the tube will support itself on
the front side of the pressure tube, thus preventing the piston rod from
compressing (Fig

9
)
. To release the positional locking, the support
tube must be removed from the locked position by pressing the button
labeled PRESS , at which point it swivels out. n addition to the loc-
king function, the support tube offers protection against contamination
of the piston rod.
InternaI mechanicaI Iocking
The design of this locking function is similar to that of the ballpoint pen
principle. As shown in (Fig

9

), it is located in the pressure tube. The
mechanical lock kicks in when the piston rod is pushed in slightly from
the extended position.
LIFT-O-MAT
with externaI and internaI end position Iocking

To ensure that the positional lock does not release automatically, the
load on the piston rod must be greater than the extension force of the
gas spring ; therefore, the spring force of this LFT-O-MAT
gas spring
should be lower than the external load exerted by the application. To re-
lease the locking, the piston rod should be pushed briefy into the direc-
tion of extension. Since the external load exceeds the extension force,
the LFT-O-MAT
compresses in a damped manner. A sticker on the

gas spring shows the proper procedure. A major advantage of this va-
riant compared with external end position locking is : Releasing the gas
spring and adjusting the application can be done with one hand !
2.1.7 REIB-LIFT-O-MAT
n addition to force supply, some applications also require varia-
ble positioning capability over the entire adjustment range. The
REB-LFT-O-MAT fulflls both requirements. (Fig

10

)
REIB-LIFT-O-MAT, structure
The only difference to the LFT-O-MAT
is a friction element integrated

in the piston package, which increases the force for pushing in the pis-
ton rod. At the same time, this reduces the extension force of the gas
spring. The spring characteristic curve of the REB-LFT-O-MAT is the-
refore broader than that of the LFT-O-MAT
gas spring (Fig

11

).
Support
tubo
Extornal looking ntornal looking
Coaon
spring
Cam
drum
PPESS
DOWN UP
PRESSLocking releaseadjust
DOWN
Cam
sloovo
Fig
Pistonpackage Frictionelement
Fig
3+& 15

1
REIB-LIFT-O-MAT, spring characteristic curve and hoIding range of
the appIication
f the characteristic curve of the application load FA is within the spring
characteristic curve of the REB-LFT-O-MAT, the application can be va-
riably positioned across the entire adjustment range. Due to the relati-
vely low holding force , the application can be opened and closed
easily with minimal manual support. f a LFT-O-MAT
gas spring were to

be used for the application load curve shown, the application holding
range compared with the REB-LFT-O-MAT would be reduced. n ran-
ges A and B, LFT-O-MAT
ensures automatic opening or closing of the

lid, whereas the REB-LFT-O-MAT provides for fully variable positioning
of the lid in these ranges.
2.2 STABILUS Gas Spring HYDRO-LIFT
Just like the REB-LFT-O-MAT
, the HYDRO-LFT
provides force sup-

ply and fully variable positioning in the application. However, the piston
of the HYDRO-LFT
features a pressure valve on the back of the piston.

The valve prevents the gas exchange or the compression of the piston
rod until the spring-preloaded seal releases the piston bore. Because
of the spring-loading of the seal, the force needed to push in the pis-
ton rod is greater than the force of the regular LFT-O-MAT
gas spring
(Fig

12

)
The compression force of the gas spring and/or the band width of the
spring characteristics can be customized to the respective application
by the right choice of valve coil spring. (Fig

12

).
HYDRO-LIFT
with "hoId, sink, and faII range

The extension force of the HYDRO-LFT
is selected so that the piston

rod in the application can only be extended with additional force (e.g.,
manual force required to open a lid). f the external load of the applica-
tion is smaller than the compression force of the HYDRO-LFT
, the lid
remains in its position within the holding range (Fig

11

).
Depending on the design of the HYDRO-LFT
, the holding func-

tion can be active across the entire adjustement range (as in the
REB-LFT-O-MAT) or in one or more partial ranges of the application.
n addition to the holding range, (Fig

12

) shows two other func-
tion ranges of the application. The sink range is achieved with one
or more grooves in the pressure tube, which serve as piston bypasses,
thus neutralizing the function of the pressure valve. The fall range is
created by expanding the pressure cylinder cross section. f the piston
reaches the sink range when the piston rod is pushed in, it reduces
the gas spring force or the manual force needed to close the lid. n the
fall range , the lid then closes automatically.
2.3 STABILUS Gas Spring HYDRO-LIFT-T
The opening and closing forces of a fap with gas springs are affected by
the ambient temperature, due to laws of physics. At lower temperatures,
the flling medium nitrogen contracts and the spring force decreases. At
higher temperatures, the flling medium expands and the spring force in-
creases. The HYDRO-LFT-T was developed to keep the temperature in-
fuence as low as possible on the functional forces of a fap. This device
is equipped with an additional, bimetal-controlled piston valve. At tempe-
ratures above +10 C, the valve is open. At temperatures below +10 C,
the valve closes and increases the holding force. While achieving a safe
holding force at temperatures as low as - 0 C, this function allows for
a lower extension force.
The overall lower force level relieves the coupling points of the gas spring,
which makes closing with less effort much more comfortable.(Fig

13

).
R
F ce
u
A
F
3
F
1
F
R
F
4
F
2
C
om
pressthepistonrod
E
xtendthepistonrod
Gasspringextended
(applicationopen)
Gasspringcompressed
(applicationclosed)
Holdingrangewith
LFT-O-MAT
Holdingrangewith
REB-LFT-O-MAT
REB-LFT-O-MAT LFT-O-MAT
ApplicationloadF
A
F
A
F
A
B
A
Fig 11
A cationload
Drop
range
S
i
n
k
i
n
g
r
a
n
g
e
Holdingrange
Pistonbore Seal Valvecoilspring
Run
Force
HYDRO-LFT
LFT-O-MAT
Fig 1
1 3+&
Structure of HYDRO-LIFT-T
2.4 STABILUS Gas Spring KOMBI-LIFT
What makes the KOMB-LFT special are its two pre-settable positions
of the extended length, which can be a helpful feature in applications
such as tailgates of tall vehicles (vans), to prevent them from bumping
into the garage roof or door. Short persons can limit the opening an-
gle of the tailgate, making closing it easier. To achieve this function,
the KOMB-LFT has a switch on the piston rod, which opens or clo-
ses the valve in the piston. (Fig

14

). The pressure tube has a groove
that acts as a bypass in a certain range. Due to this combination, the
KOMB-LFT is partly a locking and partly a non-locking gas spring - as
the product name indicates.
Structure and appIication sampIe KOMBI-LIFT
f the valve remains open (switch position), the piston rod extends fully.
However, if the valve is closed (switch position), the piston rod extends
only partially, namely in the groove area. To extend it further, all that is
needed is a change in switch position, which opens the valve. Due to the
special design of the piston, the piston rod can be compressed without
locking, regardless of the preset switch position.
2.5 STABILUS Gas Spring INTER-STOP
The NTER-STOP makes it possible to limit the opening angles of faps,
which is useful for tailgates in garages with low ceilings, or for hoods
with a normal opening position and a service position. For this purpose,
the function of a LFT-O-MAT
with hydraulic damping is combined with

the holding function of a HYDRO-LFT. Unlike in the HYDRO-LFT, the
holding force of the NTERSTOP acts in the extension direction. Depen-
ding on the application, two different systems can be used :
INTER-STOP without hoIding range
n the frst part of the stroke (range ), the NTER-STOP works like a gas
spring with dynamic damping. The device stops smoothly at the holding
point. With manual support in the opening direction, the valve in the pis-
ton opens, gas is exchanged between the function areas, and the hol-
ding point is overcome. The holding force must be chosen as to ensure
the stop function at a temperature of 80 C. n the second part of the
stroke (range ), the device acts like a normal gas spring and approa-
ches the end stop in a damped motion.
Different opening functions of the INTER-STOP
The closing of a fap with NTER-STOP is the same as with a
LFT-O-MAT.
INTER-STOP with hoIding range
n the frst part of the stroke, the device acts as described before. n the
holding range, which is the latter part of the stroke, the piston valve is
opened with additional manual effort, thus enabling continuos positio-
ning of the fap until the end stop.
2.6 STABILUS Gas Spring ELEKTRO-LIFT
The ELEKTRO-LFT has the same technical properties as the stan-
dard LFT-O-MAT
. Equipped with a sliding contact at the piston, plas-

tic end fttings, and an insulating plastic shrink-tube (Fig 14

), the
ELEKTRO-LFT can also conduct an electric current of 25 A max. at
12 V. Flat connectors provided at the piston rod and pressure tube ends
act as electrical connections. Bare or interfering cable connections,
such as cables to the rear window wiper or heater in the vehicle, can be
Piston vaIve 8imetaI spring
Fig 1
Holding range Pange l

iIh holdihg rahge

Pange l Pange lll Pange ll
iIhouI holdihg rahge
Fig 1
1
2
2
1
t

P sili n swilch
L cking in exlensi n
direcli n
N n-l cking
Cr ve
Fig 1
3+& 1

1
omitted. n applications where the ELEKTRO-LFT is to be used as a
ground connector only, metal fttings can replace the plastic fttings.
n addition, the ELEKTRO-LFT can assume a switch function, thus eli-
minating an additional electrical switch in the application. n that case,
there is a plastic cap at the pressure tube end ; when the piston rod is
compressed, the switching contact lies on the collar of the cap. As soon
as the switching contact touches the piston rod during extension, the
electric circuit is closed. To set the switching point, this variant is availa-
ble with an adjustable switching contact, for example for trunk lighting
applications.
ELEKTRO-LIFT, variants
2.7 Lightweight Design : Gas Springs with Alu-
minum Pressure Tube
To meet the need for weight reduction through lightweight design, Stabi-
lus also offers gas springs with aluminum pressure tubes. Depending on
the dimensions of the pressure tube, it is possible to achieve a weight re-
duction of up to 0 % compared with conventional gas springs with steel
pressure tube. Thanks to their bright polished metal surface, gas springs
with an aluminum pressure tube feature an attractive high-tech design.
2.8 Gas Springs with Shrink Tube
As described in (Fig

5 ), the gas spring should be installed prefera-
bly with the piston rod pointing down, to ensure continuous lubrication of
the seal with the lubricant accumulating in the seal. f the gas spring is
installed at a slope, the maximum slope depends on the oil fll amount. n
that case, please notify us of the mounting orientation of the gas spring
in your application. f the gas spring pivots around the horizontal during
adjustment, the mounting orientation of the gas spring depends on the
most frequent application end position.
Gas springs with shrink tube
2.9 Tips on Installation and Use
n this application case, the gas spring should be equipped with an oil
chamber system. f the piston rod points permanently upward in the ap-
plication, a STABLUS gas spring with a double seal system shall be
used.
Transverse forces may result in the premature wear of the gas spring.
The mounting and actuation of the gas spring should therefore be free
of transverse forces. f the gas spring needs to move in a -dimensio-
nal plane, ball joints (Fig

6

) can be used as connecting elements to
prevent jamming.
The design of the standard gas spring is chosen so it can be used in am-
bient temperatures of - 0 C to +80 C. A brief exposure to 110 (max.
1 hour) is permissible. The gas spring is maintenance-free.
When mounting and operating the gas spring, please make sure that the
piston rod in particular is protected from contaminants, paint, and dama-
ge. We have prepared a directive for the disposal of gas springs, which
you can order. Please also follow our tips and hints on the correct ins-
tallation of gas springs, which can be found in our Comprehensive Gas
Spring Catalog, as well as on the nternet at www.stabilus.de
Withadjustable Withfixedswitch Withoutswitch
(forcurrentconduction)
Cla
P ec i n
lee e
Sliding
contact
Flatplug
Syntheticcover
Flatplug
Fig 1
Shrink tube
Fig 1
18 3+&
3. Gas Springs for Force Supply and
Variable Position Lock
n addition to the above mentioned functional characteristics of the
LFT-O-MAT
gas spring, such as adjustment and damping, locking

gas springs have the added property of infnitely variable position locks.
This property is achieved with a small-sized, integrated valve system to
maintain the compact design of the gas spring. There are two basic ty-
pes of locking gas springs. (Fig

1

) provides an overview and shows
the major areas of application.
Overview of Iocking gas springs from STABILUS
3.1 STABILUS Gas Spring BLOC-O-LIFT
The theoretical principle of the BLOC-O-LFT
gas spring was explai-

ned in Chapter 1. The structure and specialty of the BLOC-O-LFT
gas
spring is shown in (Fig

2

). n the piston, a valve can be used to se-
parate the two pressure chambers to the left and the right of the piston
in a gas leak-proof manner. f the valve is opened by tappet actuation,
the BLOC-O-LFT
acts like a LFT-O-MAT
gas spring and provides

force supply :
The piston rod extends, damped by the gas spring force, or it can be
compressed against the force of the gas spring. As soon as the valve
tappet is released from the outside, the valve pin closes automatically
due to the gas pressure acting on it. The gas exchange between pres-
sure chamber 1 and 2 is interrupted and the piston or piston rod of the
BLOC-O-LFT
gas spring is locked. This way, BLOC-O-LFT
can be
locked in any stroke position. Further criteria for locking gas springs,
which need to be customized for the respective application, are, in ad-
dition to the extension force
- Actuation force
- Actuation range
- Damping
- Locking characteristics (spring-locking or rigid)
3.2 Valve Actuation Range and Damping
n addition to the BLOC-O-LFT
spring characteristic curve shown in

(Fig

2

), there is also a valve force characteristic curve. The valve
actuation force depends on the diameters of the piston rod, the valve
pin, as well as the flling pressure of the gas spring. Since the diameter
of the valve pin is the same, different piston rod diameters result in dif-
ferent actuation forces. For devices with a 10-mm piston rod diameter,
they are approximately 20 % ; for devices with an 8-mm piston rod dia-
meter, the are approx. 30 % of the extension force of the gas spring. The
actuation range depends on the design of the valve system and ranges
from 1 to 2.5 mm (see Chapter 3.3).
The extension speed of the piston rod and the damping can be speci-
fed in the BLOC-O-LFT
with different diameters of the nozzle bore in

the piston. The BLOC-O-LFT
shown in (Fig

2

) should be installed
with the piston rod pointing down, to allow the lubricant in the device to
collect in the seal. f a gas spring is equipped with a double seal system
similar to (Fig

4

), it can be used in any mounting position.
BLOC-O-LIFT
, structure, vaIve function, and spring characteris-

tic curve
3.3 BLOC-O-LIFT
Standard Actuation
Basically, there are two different valve designs : the sliding valve and the
seat valve. Both types are shown in (Fig

3

).
BLOC-O-LIFT
standard and short actuation

P
istonrodcom
pression
Pistonrodextends
Valves
closes
Valve
run
Open
valve
Travel
Force
Valve Nitrogen
Pressurechamber2 Pressurechamber1
Pressure
tube
Piston
Sealandguide
element
Valve
tappet
Stroke
F
3
F
1
F
2
F
4
Measuringpoint
extended
Measuringpoint
compressed
Fig
Releases oke1mm
Seatvalve
Standardpassing
run2.5mm
Slidingvalve
Fig
Gas Springs for Force SuppIy and VariabIe Position Lock
3+& 1

1
SIiding vaIve
The sliding valve is used in devices with standard actuation. The actua-
tion range for opening the valve is a maximum of 2.5 mm. This design
is resistant to pressure and tension ; that is, the valve remains closed
even when subjected to external pressure and tensile forces from the
application.
Seat vaIve
The advantage of this type lies in the very short actuation range (max.
1 mm) for opening the valve, which responds immediately when actua-
ted and releases or locks the gas spring. Like the seat valve, the sli-
ding valve is pressure-resistant. When subjected to high tensile forces, it
opens, because due to the shape of the valve pin, the pressured area at
the valve seat increases relative to the valve shaft area.
3.4 Locking Characteristics of BLOC-O-LIFT

Gas Springs
Depending on the application, rigid or spring-locking can be used.
These characteristics can be achieved with the right structure of
BLOC-O-LFT
gas springs. When rigid locking is chosen, the locking di-

rection can be chosen as well. Furthermore, one differentiates between
position-dependent and position-independent types.
3.4.1 BLOC-O-LIFT
, Spring-locking
n certain applications, for example in the backrest adjustment of swivel
chairs, springy, fexible locking is desirable. (Fig

4

) shows a spring-
locking BLOC-O-LFT
gas spring. Because the flling gas can be com-

pressed, a spring effect results even when the valve is closed.
First, the piston rod can be pushed in easily, but after a few minutes,
it becomes harder to compress it against the increasing gas pressure.
This physical effect can be compared to the function of an air pump with
the air pump valve closed. Because of the flling pressure of the gas
spring, the stroke of the gas spring with a closed valve is much smal-
ler than the air pump stroke. The relative defection of the spring under
external load depends on the extension force of the gas spring, the pis-
ton rod diameter, and the respective position of the locked piston in the
pressure tube. f the piston is near the pressure tube closed end, there
will be a small defection in the compressed direction and a comparati-
vely large defection in the extension direction. f the piston is locked in
the medium range of the stroke, the spring compression and extension
defection will be the same..
BLOC-O-LIFT
, spring-Iocking with doubIe seaI

3.4.2 BLOC-O-LIFT
, Rigid Locking
n numerous applications, for example in steering column adjustment
or backrest adjustment in cars, rigid locking is absolutely necessary. n
principle, rigid locking could be achieved by flling the pressure tube with
oil that cannot be compressed. However, since the volume of the piston
rod to be pushed in has to be displaced, the gas spring cannot be flled
completely with oil ; a certain gas volume must remain.
f the BLOC-O-LFT
gas spring is installed with the piston rod pointing

down, oil will collect above the piston because of gravity. However, if the
piston rod cannot be mounted pointing down, a separating piston will
ensure functional positioning of the oil. The resulting two types are ex-
plained hereafter :
3.4.3 BLOC-O-LIFT
, Position-independent, Rigid Locking

f the application is to remain rigidly locked when subjected to high ex-
ternal loads, rigid locking BLOC-O-LFT
gas springs are used. n this

case, BLOC-O-LFT
is equipped with a separating piston that separa-

tes the gas and oil chambers. Whereas the gas chamber compensates
the compressed piston rod volume and the oil expansion caused by the
heat, the oil enables rigid locking. The separating piston can be placed
as shown in (Fig

5

), either on the piston rod or between piston and
pressure tube end. n both cases, the working chamber of the piston is
flled completely with oil. Since oil cannot be compressed, variant is
rigid in compression direction, variant is rigid in extension direction
when the valve is closed (Fig

5 ).
BLOC-O-LIFT
, position-independent, rigid Iocking in extension or

compression direction
Sealandguideelement
withdoubleseal
Oil
Fig
Rtgtdlocking
incompressiondirection
Rigidlocking
inextensiondirection
Variant Variant
Se a a ing
piston
Oil
Gas
Gas
Fig
20 3+&
The maximum permissible oil locking force depends on the extension
force of the gas spring and the device strength, taking into consideration
all required safety factors.
f the piston is charged in the direction of the gas chamber while the
valve is closed (variant in extension direction, variant in compression
direction), then the BLOC-O-LFT
is rigidly locked in this adjustment

direction up to the respective gas locking force. Higher external forces
will result in piston rod defection, because the separating piston is dis-
placed due to the external load and the gas volume is compressed. The
gas locking force varies with extension force F1 and the charging pres-
sure of the gas spring. The gas locking force/extension force ratio cor-
responds to the ratio of the separating piston/piston rod cross-section ;
for design type , it is approximately 4.5, for design type , approxima-
tely 5.5. Both gas spring types can be used in any mounting orienta-
tion. While variant does not require additional design elements for this
purpose, variant is equipped with the STABLUS double seal system,
also shown in (Fig

5

).
3.4.4 BLOC-O-LIFT
, Position-Dependent, Rigid Locking

t is possible to achieve the function of the variant described in
(Fig

5

) less expensively, if the BLOC-O-LFT
can be mounted in
the application as shown in (Fig

6

). Here, additional construction
elements (e.g., separating piston) can be omitted.
f the gas spring is mounted with the piston rod pointing down, the oil
in the device collects under the piston. This gas spring can then be loc-
ked rigidly in extension direction, as long as the piston is covered with
oil. f the piston rod is pointed up, the gas spring can be locked rigidly in
compression direction.
BLOC-O-LIFT
, position-specihc, rigid Iocking in extension or

compression direction
f the opposite load is applied to the BLOC-O-LFT
, the piston rod will

defect when the external load exceeds the gas locking force. The oil
and gas locking forces of these variants correspond to those devices
with position-independent mounting orientation. Both variants can also
be mounted at an incline. However, in this case, the adjustment range
where the piston is covered with oil is smaller than when the gas spring
is installed vertically. Thus, BLOC-O-LFT
can only be locked rigidly in

this limited stroke range. n addition, gas spring is equipped with a dou-
ble seal system for lubrication of the piston rod seal.
3.5 Tips on Installation and Use
The notes in chapter 2.4 on the LFT-O-MAT
also apply to the

BLOC-O-LFT
gas spring. The device description contains instructions

on the installation position due to the different locking functions.
f oil-locking gas springs (see Chapter 3.4.2) are used in changing
ambient temperatures, care should be taken that the gas spring can
move freely on one end according to the thermal expansion of the oil,
even when the gas spring is locked. A load on the gas spring beyond
the locking force can result in destruction or malfunction of the spring.
BLOC-O-LFT
is locked safely when there is little play between the

outer actuation system and the valve is locked. To unlock the device, the
valve tappet should be pushed in by the amount indicated on the gas
spring drawing. The maximum valve stroke depends on the device de-
sign and is indicated in the gas spring drawing.
3.6 Stabilus Gas Springs STAB-O-MAT
and
STAB-O-BLOC
STAB-O-MAT
and STAB-O-BLOC
are spring-locking gas springs

used in swivel chairs for suspension, variable locking, and damped
height adjustment, even under eccentric loads. For this purpose, the
pressure tube or the support tube of these devices are dimensioned to
accommodate the transfer of bending moments. For both gas springs,
the locking valve is located on the pressure tube end, as shown in
(Fig

7

). For this reason, a guide tube is necessary, which forms
an annular gap between its outer diameter and the pressure tube in-
ner diameter. The guide tube is located between the valve body and
the seal and guide element. This pressure and guide tube combination
of a gas spring is also called a double tube system. The piston of the
STAB-O-MAT
or STAB-O-BLOC
is closed.
When the valve is open and the piston rod pushed in, the gas from
pressure chamber 2 can fow through the annular gap into pressure
chamber 1. With the valve closed, the spring defection and the spring
characteristics during extension and compression of the piston rod cor-
respond to those of the spring-locked BLOC-O-LFT
(s. Chap. 3.1.1).

The extension force of the STAB-O-MAT
and STAB-O-BLOC
in the
swivel chair application is usually between 300 N and 400 N. The dam-
ping effect during compression and extension is determined by the choi-
ce of the nozzle bore diameter.
The difference between these two locking gas springs lies in their struc-
ture. The STAB-O-MAT
absorbs the loads resulting from the weight

on the seat and bending moments (caused by uneven weight distri-
bution on the seat) with the properly designed pressure tube ; in the
STAB-O-BLOC
, the functions of suspension, damping, and adjus-

ting are performed by the internal pressure tube and the transmis-
sion of bending moment by the outer support tube.
Devicewithrigid
inextensiondirection
Devicewithrigid
incompressiondirection
Gas
Oil
Fig
3+& 21

1
STAB-O-MAT

and STAB-O-BLOC
stuctures
Because of these properties, the STAB-O-MAT
is considered self-
supporting and the STAB-O-BLOC
is non-self-supporting.
The combination of STAB-O-BLOC
with support tube is called

STAB-O-BLOC
Telescope. The STAB-O-BLOC
can be fastened
in the support tube with a screw cap. This way, it can easily be repla-
ced with other extension force variations, without having to change the
support tube, which is fastened to the seat carrier. The strength of the
taper at the end of the pressure or support tube, which is clamped into
the seat carrier of the swivel chair, determines the bending moment that
can be transmitted. STABLUS tapers are designed for reversed bending
moments of up to 240 Nm (acc. to DN 4550 and 4551). The permissi-
ble reversed bending stress for the respective taper dimensions can be
found in the STABLUS gas spring product line catalog. STAB-O-MAT

and STAB-O-BLOC
Telescope are available with the same forces and

dimensions, so that they are interchangeable. The extended length of
gas springs in standard devices is between 320 mm and 00 mm, with
strokes ranging from 90 mm to 265 mm. The connection geometry at
the piston rod end is designed for the devices to be fastened to an outer
tube, together with an axial ball bearing (Fig

8

).
3.6.1 STAB-O-MAT
und STAB-O-BLOC
Ventilsysteme
The valve body of the STAB-O-MAT
and STAB-O-BLOC
can be equip-
ped with a sliding or seat valve (compare BLOC-O-LFT
(Fig

6

).
This will result in different valve strokes or actuation ranges and forces
for releasing the gas spring. The following table 3.1 shows all actuation
variations. (TabIe

1

).
VaIve and Actuation Variations
The standard tappet height (Fig

7

) is 6.0 mm for the
STAB-O-BLOC
, 6.5 mm for the STAB-O-MAT
gas springs. To limit the

play between the release mechanism in the seat carrier and the actuator
pin of the gas spring, all actuator variants are available with an adjusta-
ble tappet (can be set with a screw).
3.6.2 STAB-O-MAT
and STAB-O-BLOC
Columns
STAB-O-MAT
and STAB-O-BLOC
Telescope and an outer tube are

combined into a swivel chair column. (Fig

8

) shows a gas spring co-
lumn with a standard outer tube, with the gas spring shown in the com-
pressed and extended position.
STAB-O-MAT
and STAB-O-BLOC
coIumns, structures with stan-

dard outer tube
A taper at the outer tube end ensures easy mounting and safe attach-
ment of the gas spring columns to the star base of the swivel chair. The
STAB-O-MAT
and STAB-O-BLOC
Telescope are secured to the outer

tube with a safety clamp at the piston rod end. The pressure or support
tube end is then pointed up, for fastening to the respective opposite ta-
per of the seat carrier. The valve tappet is easily accessible for the re-
lease systems on the seat carrier. n the compression direction of the
gas spring, the external load is supported by the axial ball bearing se-
/dd||oua|
suppo| ube
f||u o sea ca|||e|
cau be se|eced acco|d|u
o |e ,pe p|oduc ||ue
va|.e s,ser o
|eu|ae speed
aud darp|u
l|essu|e c,||ude|
w|| ||||u red|ur
l|sou |od w||
r|u|ra| su|ace
|ou|uess aud
a wea||es|sau
su|ace
va|.e appe
!appe p|ojec|ou
l|ec|s|ou
u|de
bus||u
l|essu|e ube
Rubbe| cus||ou
/|a| bea||u
lud|.|dua| as sp||u Corp|ee co|uru lud|.|dua| as sp||u Corp|ee co|uru
!appe p|ojec|ou
S1A8-O-MA1 S1A8-O-8LOC
iIh addiIiohal supporI Iube
Fig
Taperforfastening
toseatcarrier
Valvetappet
Rubbercushion
M
i
n
.
g
u
i
d
e
d
l
e
n
g
t
h
S
t
r
o
k
e
STAB-O-MAT
or
STAB-O-BLOC
-
Telescope
Guidebushing
Fasteningpin
Outertube
Taperforfastening
tothestarbase
Axialballbearing
Safetyclamp
S
t
r
o
k
e
Fig
Table
Characterization
Actuation
range
[mm]
Actuation
force
ca. [%]
of F1
Application
in
Piston
rod
[mm]
Standard
actuation
2,5
1,
30
2
STAB-O-MAT
STAB-O-BLOC
10

Short
actuation
1,0 20 STAT-O-MAT
10
Reduced
actuation
1, 1 STAB-O-MAT
STAB-O-BLOC
10
10
1
22 3+&
cured to the end of the piston rod, which simultaneously ensures a sli-
ght rotation of the seat carrier. n the one-piece version, the bearing is a
captive unit, thus contributing to easy installation or removal of the gas
spring. The rubber cushion positioned between the pressure tube end
and the axial bearing is a soft stop in the lowest seat position, when the
gas spring is compressed and cannot defect any further. For optimized
guidance when adjusting and swiveling the gas spring or the seat car-
rier, the outer tube has a ftted guide bushing. The length of this bushing
is designed to transmit the bending moments that are led into the pres-
sure or support tube safely to the outer tube. The stroke and extended
length of the gas spring, as well as the length of the outer tube, must
therefore be matched. The piston rod of the gas spring is then free from
transverse forces and bending moments. The required guided length of
the gas spring when extended (Fig

8

) depends on the gas spring
stroke. The effective length should be at least 0 mm.
Additional column versions are available to increase the ease of gas
spring adjustment and bounce properties of the swivel chair ; they are
described in the following sections.
3.6.3 STABILUS Outer Tube with Bottom Spring
Special seating comfort can be achieved if, in addition to a rubber
cushion, a coil compression spring (shown in (Fig

9

) is integrated
in the outer tube. This spring is connected to the piston rod of the gas
spring via fexible coupling.
STABILUS swiveI chair coIumn with bottom spring
f the piston rod is compressed and the gas spring cannot defect fur-
ther, a coil compression spring provides an additional bottom spring
function. n all other stroke positions of the gas spring, the gas spring
and the coil compression spring act together, which ensures pleasant
resilience when the gas spring is locked. As an alternative to the coil
spring, special end position buffers can be used, which also offer more
comfort in the lowest seat position.
3.6.4 STABILUS Telescope Outer Tube
The height adjustment of STAB-O-MAT
and STAB-O-BLOC
gas
springs is usually limited by the required guided length in the outer tube.
An increased adjustment range automatically results in a longer outer
tube, thus causing the lowest seat position to be higher.
The STABLUS Telescope Outer Tube solves this problem. For this
purpose, a telescoping tube is integrated in the outer tube. While the
gas spring is guided in the telescope tube, the telescope tube is guided
in the outer tube (Fig

10

). t extends as soon as the pin on the gas
spring reaches the guide bushing during adjustment of the gas spring.
STABILUS swiveI chair coIumn with standard and teIescope outer
tube, structure
3.6.5 Multi-function Column
t is not always desirable that swivel chairs remain at the set height,
but return to a certain position upon removal of the load. The MULT-
FUNCTON COLUMN not only returns to the highest seat position, but
also swivels back to the starting position. This ensures an appearan-
ce of neatness at all times. Naturally, all other functions of variable
seat adjustment are still available in the MULT-FUNCTON column. The
MULT-FUNCTON COLUMN is especially suited for conference room
chairs and special chair applications, for example in the German Parlia-
ment in Berlin or the European Parliament in Strasbourg.
Cas sp||u ape| o|
secu||u |e as sp||u
|u |e sea ca|||e|
Rubbe| cus||ou
Co|| corp|ess|ou
sp||u
Cue| ube u|de
bus||u
Fig
Gass ing a e
fo secu ing hegass ing
in hesea ca ie
Telesco ou e ube S anda dou e ube
Telesco i h
guidebushing
Outertube
guidebushing
G
u
i
d
e
d
l
e
n
g
t
h
S
t
r
o
k
e
G
u
i
d
e
d
l
e
n
g
t
h
M
i
n
.
g
u
i
d
e
d
l
e
n
g
t
h
Pin
S
t
r
o
k
e
Fig
3+& 23

1
MuIti-function CoIumn NEW
3.6.6 Non-twisting column
n certain applications, swivel chairs should not turn, either due to the
situations or facilities they are used in. This can be ensured with non-
twisting columns. At the same time, all advantages and the full comfort
of the variable locking height adjustment functions of the STAB-O-MAT

and STAB-O-BLOC
columns are available.

3.6.7 Column with Additional Stop Function
The telescope column with stroke-controlled stop function protects sto-
ols and task chairs for standing/seated workstations in a specifc range
against accidental rolling away. Above a defned actuation point within
the stroke range, a rubber stopper rebounds out of the column when a
load is applied by the user of the chair, thus preventing the chair from
rolling away. Below this actuation point, the stopper remains in and the
chair can be used and adjusted like a normal swivel chair.
CoIumn with additionaI stop function NEW
3.6.8 Tips on Installation and Use
The mounting orientation of the STAB-O-MAT
and STAB-O-BLOC
Te-
lescope is determined by the respective end fttings. The taper at the
pressure or support tube end is attached to the opposite taper of the
seat carrier. The outer tube taper is installed in the respective opposite
taper of the star base. The piston rod of the gas spring should always
point down. Please follow the strength classes and taper dimensions
given in the STABLUS Gas Spring Catalog, as well as the respective
standards (e.g., DN 4551 for offce swivel chairs in Germany). To pro-
tect the piston rod from transverse force and bending moment loads or
jamming, the pressure tube of the gas spring shall be properly guided in
the guide bushing of the outer tube. The piston rod end is attached to the
outer tube bottom, allowing for some radial play. When using STABLUS
gas spring columns, both are automatically guaranteed.
When mounting the multi-part axial bearings, the assembly sequence
according to the drawing shall be followed. The swivel chair can then be
swiveled noiselessly and comfortably. For further application hints see
Chap. 2.9.
3.7 STABILUS Actuation Systems for Locking
Gas Springs
The actuation system consists of an actuation element, for example on
the seat carrier, the release head on the gas spring, and - for remote
control - a Bowden cable as the transmission element between ac-
tuation element and release head. The choice of actuation element is
usually determined by the free installation space and the customer's
wishes regarding form and function.
StabiIus reIease heads and actuation eIement
The release head or valve tappet of the BLOC-O-LFT
gas spring can

be operated by release lever or Bowden cable. Both release head types
2. !u|u|u bac| |uo |ore
pos||ou ae| |oad |s ||ed
1. Reu|u o |||es sea
pos||ou ae| |oad |s ||ed
Fig 11
/cua|ou
po|u
'
o
p

u
u
c
|
o
u
w
|
e
u

|
o
a
d
e
d
'
a
u
d
a
|
d
u
u
c
|
o
u
Fig 1
Re|ease |ead w|| ape|
Re|ease |e.e|
Cas sp||u ape|
faseu|u ou |e sea ube
bowdeu cab|e Re|ease |ead
/us|sse|ebe|
/cua|ou e|ereu
bowdeu cab|e
Fig 1
24 3+&
are screwed onto the piston rod and secured with a nut. They also con-
tain the piston rod-side connection to the application, which allows for a
compact design and easy installation of the gas spring. The Bowden ca-
ble is installed by placing the sleeve on the jib of the actuation head. The
design of the release head of the STAB-O-BLOC
/STAB-O-MAT
gas
spring is designed to include the release head in the pressure tube ta-
per. t can be removed any time by releasing the fastening clamps. The
lever and Bowden cable lengths depend on the respective application.
Dimensions, strengths, and installation tips for the actuation systems
are included in the STABLUS specifcations. Depending on the installa-
tion situation, radial guidance of the Bowden cable might be more favo-
rable. There is a special confguration available for this as well.
3+& 25

1
4. STABILUS locking elements
without extension force :
HYDRO-BLOC
Damped adjustment and infnitely-variable locking are the characteris-

tic functional properties of the HYDRO-BLOC
. This construction type

does not have an extension force and is thus most suitable for applica-
tions that do not require any force support but damping and infnitely-va-
riable locking. Application examples are found in the automobile indus-
try for the length adjustment of the steering column and in furniture as
an adjustment element for backrests as well as for seat inclination ad-
justment. (Fig

1

) shows the structure of the HYDRO-BLOC
. The
HYDRO-BLOC
differs from the BLOC-O-LFT
in its inner structure.

The piston of the device is arranged in such a way that in addition to a
piston rod pointing outwards it has room for a gimbal fxed compensa-
tion piston rod. The use of a compensation piston rod results in the com-
ponents of the internal pressure of the device being mutually eliminated
in the axial direction. The piston rod thus has no resultant output force.
To adjust the HYDRO-BLOC
it is only necessary to overcome the fric-

tion force of the seal elements and fow resistance of the piston nozzles,
as shown in the characteristic curve in (Fig

1

).
HYDRO-BLOC
, structure and characteristic

The friction is slightly greater in this construction type than in the
BLOC-O-LFT
because of the additional seal required for the compen-

sation piston rod. The damping of the adjustment motion may be determi-
ned by varying the nozzle diameter as is the case for the BLOC-O-LFT
.
The separation piston separates the pressureless compensation cham-
ber from the piston work chamber. The compensation chamber only ser-
ves to accept and protect the compensation piston rod when adjusting
the device in the compression direction. To compensate for the change
in oil volume during temperature changes the work chamber contains a
pressurised gas pocket. When the valve is closed the HYDRO-BLOC

consequently behaves similarly to the gas-locked BLOC-O-LFT

(Fig

3

). However, the spring effect in the HYDRO-BLOC
is consi-
derably less because of the relatively small gas pocket, so that it locks
rigidly in both adjustment directions. The valve release force is approx.
125 N, the valve stroke is 2.5 mm. (Fig

2

) shows another construc-
tion of the HYDRO-BLOC
. The constructions differ in the separation

piston support. Whereas the separation piston of the HYDRO-BLOC

shown in (Fig

1

) is positioned against the radial groove, the coil
spring shown in (Fig

2

) supports the separation piston. The tem-
perature-dependent oil expansion is compensated by the coil spring, a
gas pocket in the work chamber is not necessary. This is why the device
is rigid in both adjustment directions when the valve is closed. t is only
when the external load exceeds the initial tension force of the coil spring
that the piston rod can be compressed. On this device variant the valve
released force is mainly determined by the force of the valve spring. t is
approx. 100 N, and the valve stroke 3.5 mm.
HYDRO-BLOC
with the initiaI tension on the coiI spring of the se-

paration piston
Valveopen Valveclosed
Run
Force nitialtensionof
thecoilspring
Lockingforce
Valveforce
Adjustment
force
Sealand
g ideelement
Cum ensatiun
istun ud
Cum ensatiun
chambe
Oil
Act atu
in
Cuils ing
Val e
s ing
Se a atiun
istun
Fig
Run
Force
Lockingforce
Adjustmentforce
Coilspring
F
R
Sealand
guideelement
Compensationpistonrod
Compensation
chamber
Oil
Actuator
pin
Se a a iun
is un
Gas ucket
Valveopen Valveclosed
Fig 1
26 3+&
5. Gas spring range and mounting
situation
You can select your gas spring from the STABLUS gas spring type pro-
grammes. They include numerous variants related to stroke A, extended
length B, thrust force F
1
and connection techniques of the STABLUS
gas springs. The determination of dimensions A and B required for the
application as well as the necessary thrust force F
1
of the gas spring
occurs in most cases by straightforward estimating techniques. A par-
ticularly comfortable opening and closing behaviour of the application
is obtained when the required gas spring and its connection points are
obtained by simulation calculation using the STABLUS mounting pro-
posal programme.
5.1 Estimation of Extension Force F
1
(Fig

1

) gives a schematic representation of a random fap (e.g. a
machine hood, cupboard door, loader ramp etc.) in opened and closed
position. All the dimensions and forces required for estimating techni-
ques are listed.
Stroke and extension force of a gas spring to open a hap
The extended length B can be chosen in such a way that the gas spring
serves as a stop when opening the fap. The required minimum thrust
A of the gas spring is then the result of the difference between the ex-
tended and compressed length E. The stroke or the extended and com-
pressed length can be graphically represented by measuring a correct
scale drawing or using trigonometric functions. The gas spring stroke
should also take into account the length tolerance of the application and
gas spring. Extension force F
1
of the gas spring can be calculated on
the basis of the moment balance on the application pivot bearing. The
extension force is measured in such a way that the fap remains open.
Moreover, force reserve factor R is included in the calculation equation
in (Fig

1

). For R=1 the force balance is obtained from the weight
force of application F
G
(in the centre of gravity) and of the thrust force
of gas spring F
1
. The fap is then suspended. The greater the selected
force reserve factor, the greater will be the manual force required to
close the application.
As a general rule the force reserve factor is of between 1.2 and 1.3. For
ambient temperatures of more than 30 C R may be smaller, for ambient
temperatures of less than 10C R should be greater (see Chap. 1.2.2).
The rigidity and weight of the application determine number n of the re-
quired gas springs. Large, fexible faps usually require two gas springs
to prevent the tilting or sagging of the application.
5.2 Calculation of the manual force characteris-
tic, simulation calculation
To assess or optimize the adjustment function of an application the
extent of the necessary manual forces is considered over the full ad-
justment range of the application. The manual force characteristic for
opening and closing the application can be determined through simu-
lation in the STABLUS mounting proposal programme. The goal of the
simulation calculation is to obtain the optimal arrangement of the gas
spring or extension force and spring characteristic in combination with
the optimal connection points in the application. The optimum depends
on the relevant function. For instance gas springs in vehicle tailgates
are measured to ensure that the application requires no further manual
force once the application has opened slightly and that during closing
the tailgate automatically snaps in the lock. Other applications require
the immediate opening or extension of the gas spring (e.g. swivel chair-
backrest), other applications must be maintained in a specifc position
(e.g. top part of a sun bed etc.). All these different requirements can
be represented in the manual force behaviour. The drafting of a moun-
ting proposal is done by STABLUS or STABLUS agents. The neces-
sary indications for processing the mounting proposal of an applica-
tion with a rotating joint are given in drawing SK 0902FP in annex 6.2.
f the application is activated with a four-bar hinge, the plans are also
required in addition to the geometrical description of the fourbar hinge.
(Fig

2

) shows the result of the simulation calculation based on the
example of an application drawing from (Fig

1

). The left side of the
picture shows the kinematic representation of the application. The ele-
ments and forces used are numbered. Rod 2 is used as a replacement
representation of the tailgate and is connected to the pivot bearing. The
tailgate is represented in open and closed condition, the suspension
angle on the bearing is of 45. The gas spring as shown as element 3
in which the position of the gas spring connections are marked by cir-
cles on the piston rod and pressure tube. n addition to the components
of the application, the operating forces such as the weight force of tail-
gate F
G
(4) and manual force F
H
(5) for opening and closing the fap are
A : ko o no gas spring |mm]
B : Ex ondod long n o no gas spring |mm]
E : Comprossod long n o no gas spring |mm]
F
1
: Ex onsion orooo no gas spring |N]
F
G
: Woign oroo o no applioa ion in no oon ro o gravi y |N]
g : Aooolora ion duo o gravi y 9,81 |m/s
2
]
L
1
: vor ioal dis anoo boaring/doorma ion axis F
1
|mm]
L
G
: vor ioal dis anoo boaring/doorma ion axis F
G
|mm]
P
G
: Padius boaring/oon ro o gravi y |mm]
m : Mass (woign ) o no applioa ion |kg]
n : Numbor o gas springs |/]
P : Posorvo oroo ao or 1,2 ... 1,3 |/]
Min.s roko A = B - E Ex onsion oroo
F
G
F
1
P =
L
G
n L
1
R
C
1
/
3

R
C
L
LC
E
f1
fC=r'
b
1
Fig 1
Gas spring range and mounting situation
3+& 27

1
shown according to their position and direction. The paths in which the-
se forces act over the full range of the application are represented as
arcs. The manual forces for opening and closing the application can be
calculated at different positions along the arc. The manual force charac-
teristics of the application are shown on the right side of the picture in
(Fig

2

). The characteristics are identifed by characters and the
legend is located in the top picture corner. At the origin of the abscissa
(0 -opening angle) the fap is closed, the gas spring is compressed.
Positive manual forces mean that the application requires that manual
force be applied to achieve adjustment. For negative manual forces the
moment of the gas spring is suffciently large such that the application
can adjust automatically.
ResuIt of the simuIation caIcuIation, kinematic and manuaI force
characteristics
n the example (Fig

2

) manual force characteristic E indicates the
opening behaviour of the fap at nominal F
1
and at an ambient tempera-
ture of the gas spring. To open the fap from a closed position the manual
force is initially of approx. 20 N. During the further opening process the
manual force decreases gradually, because of the increasing lever ac-
tion of the gas spring, until the intersection point with the abscissa (ap-
prox. 15 opening angle) is reached. As from this point the manual force
becomes negative.
The fap now opens now automatically up to the stop (45 opening an-
gle). Manual characteristic B describes the closing process from an
open position of the application (45 opening angle). Hence some 33N
manual force are required to start the closing process of the fap. After
the intersection of the characteristic with the abscissa the manual force
becomes negative, so that the fap automatically falls in the lock. The in-
tersection of the characteristic with the abscissa is mainly dependent on
the connection points of the gas spring, thrust force F
1
and spring cha-
racteristic x as well as on the ambient temperature of the application.
The example in (Fig

2

) shows the characteristics at 80 C and -
30 C in addition to the manual force characteristic at ambient tempe-
rature. These characteristics also take into account the tolerance of ex-
tension force F
1
of the gas spring, so that he minimum and maximum
manual forces of the application can be illustrated off. The manual for-
ce at the start of characteristic C (45 opening angle) is also called the
holding force of the application, because it represents the force re-
serve for holding the fap open at the lowest ambient temperature (here :
-30 C) and bottom extension force tolerance. The force reserve should
be at least 20 N. The values on which this example is based are listed in
the data sheet of the mounting proposal (Fig

3

).
Data sheet of the STABILUS mounting proposaI programme
The performance characteristics of the STABLUS mounting proposal
programme are briefy summarised below :
- Variation of the connection positions of the gas springs,
- Variation in the extension force and hysteresis,
- Variation of the spring characteristic,
- Random characteristic (linear, degressive, progressive),
- Calculation of random constructions of single and four-bar hinge sys-
tems,
- Compliance with building length tolerances,
- Compliance with force tolerances,
- Compliance with the operating temperature range.
For requests concerning the drafting of a mounting proposal please re-
fer to drawing SK 0902FP in annex 6.2.
M u .: Example
Author STABLUS
Customer User
Project Example
Application Tailgate
1 Bearing X Y Z
0.0 0.0 0.0
2 Length=922.0
3 GASSPRNG
Connection Position X Y Z
Pressuretube Startangle 77.7 -124.1 0.0
Endangle 123.8 78.1 0.0
Pistonrod Startangle 200.0 -416.0 0.0
Endangle 200.0 -416.0 0.0
PARTSNUMBER:
F
1
=400
Compressed =300.00
Extended =500.00
Stroke =200.00
X =1.20
Numberperapplication2
4 FORCE:FG
Position X Y Z
Startangle 300.0 -350.0 0.0
Endangle 348.9 301.2 0.0
VALEU = 210.0
Uppertolerance = 0.0
Bottomtolerance = 0.0
5 FORCE:FH
Position X Y Z
Startangle 600.0 -700.0 0.0
Endangle 697.9 602.5 0.0
Startangle 550.0 -650.0 0.0
Endangle 648.1 552.3 0.0
manuelforceslookdiagram
Startangle -50
Endangle 90
Units: lengths (mm)
forces (N)
moments (Nm)
angles (degres)
Fig
Fig
NR:Beisp007/TRATEMENT:STABLUS/01.03.1995
s
ig
.
:
S
T
A
B
L
U
S
G
M
B
H
5
6
0
2
0
K
O
B
L
E
N
Z
d
a
t
a
:
Client:utilisateur/Projet:Exemple/Application:volet
Manualforcecharacteristics
A :Temperature=80degrees,closedposition,tolerancemaxi
B :Temperature=20degrees,closedposition
C :Temperature=30degrees,closedposition,tolerancemini
D :Temperature=80degrees,openposition,tolerancemaxi
E :Temperature=20degrees,openposition
F :Temperature=30degrees,openposition,tolerancemin
Manualforces
28 3+&
6 Appendix
6.1 Used symbols and units
A
R
Pressure tube cross-section ( inside) [mm
2
]
A
K
Piston rod cross-section [mm
2
]
C Spring rigidity [N/mm]
F Spring force of the gas spring [N]
F
1
Extension force at the stroke startNof the gas spring [N]
F
2
Extension force at the stroke endNof the gas spring [N]
F
3
Compression force at the stroke startNof the gas spring [N]
F
4
Compression force at the stroke endNof the gas spring [N]
F
D
Gas or oil blocking force in the pressure direction [N]
F
H
Manual force [N]
F
LB
Break-away force [N]
F
R
Friction force of the gas spring [N]
F

Gas or oil blocking force in the pull direction [N]
L
B
Solid length of the coil spring [mm]
n Polytropic exponent [/]
N
2
Nitrogen [/]
p Overpressure of the gas in the pressure tube [N/mm
2
]
p
1
Overpressure in the extended gas spring [N/mm
2
]
p
2
Overpressure in the compressed gas spring [N/mm
2
]
p
u
Ambient pressure (approx. 0.1 N/mm
2
) [N/mm
2
]
S Stroke, range of spring of the gas spring [mm]
S
1
Stroke start (extended gas spring)/Hydraulic damping range
[mm]
S
2
Stroke end (compressed gas spring)/Pneumatic damping
range [mm]
S
3
Tappet of the coil spring [mm]
T Temperature [K]
T
0
Standard temperature (293 K = 20 C) [K]
v Extension speed [m/s]
V Gas space or free pressure tube volume [mm
3
]
V
1
Gas space at stroke start [mm
3
]
V
2
Gas space at stroke end [mm
3
]
W Spring force [Nmm]
W
2
Spring force at stroke end [Nmm]
X Spring characteristic F
2
/F
1
[/]
N: for standard devices 5 mm after stroke start and 5 mm before
stroke end
Appendix
3+&
Notes
3+&
Notes
3+& 31

2
Piston rod
Pressure
tube
Eyelet plastic Eyelet metal
Angle joint
plastic
Angle joint
metal
Angle joint
plastic
Endftting
variable
( x mm ( x mm * * *
Page
6 15 33
6 15 34
6 15 35 and 36
6 15 37
8 19 38 and 39
8 19 40 and 41
8 19 42 and 43
8 19 44 and 45
10 22 46
10 22 47
10 22 48
14 28 50
14 28 51
20 42 52
20 42 53
8 19 54
10 22 55
LIFT-O-MAT
gas springs
Lifting, lowering, moving, adjusting
Accessories page 49
32 3+&
2 LIFT-O-MAT gas springs
STAB-Spec.10005593
nstallation instruotion
-.1000033
S a ioally moasurod oroos
-.1000033
Disposal ins ruo ion
www.s abilus.oom/rooyoling
Stroke (mm)
ouma io
nydraulio
Doponding upon ins alla ion
Damping aroa
Foroo
(N)
Foroo o oomprossion
Foroo o ox onsion
Frio ion-oroo
No damping on oomprossion
F
R
F
1
F2
Spring ra o
oomprossod ox ondod
x = F
2
/ F
1
D
2

D
1

Damping on ox onsion
5 5
D
1
D
2
Force of extension
min
F1
Force of extension
max
F1
Stroke
A
Spring
rate
X
Friction force
maxi
F
R max.
mm mm N N mm N
6 15 50 400 150 130 50
8 19 100 800 250 135 60
10 22 150 1150 400 140 80
14 28 500 2100 500 150 80
20 42 2400 5200 500 145 150
3+& 33
2
Suitable for ball studs according to DN 71803 o 10
6 mm
15 mm
P
18 18
1
5
A
B
p 2
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
20 1155 50 4727 PB
100 4728 PX
150 4729 PS
200 4731 PZ
250 4732 PU
300 4733 PP
350 4734 PK
400 4735 PF
40 1555 50 2606 NW
100 2607 NR
150 2608 NM
200 2609 NH
250 2611 NO
300 2612 NJ
350 2613 NE
400 2615 NV
60 1955 50 6444 K
100 6488 U
150 6489 P
200 6491 W
250 6492 R
300 6493 M
350 6494 H
400 6495 C
80 2355 50 6449 M
100 6501 P
150 6502 K
200 6503 F
250 6504 A
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
80 2355 300
350
400
6505 W
6506 R
6507 M
100 2755 50 6458 L
100 6508 H
150 6509 C
200 6511 J
250 6514 V
300 6515 Q
350 6516 L
400 6517 G
120 3155 50 6462
100 6519 X
150 6521 D
200 6522 Z
250 6523 U
300 6524 P
350 6525 K
400 6526 F
150 3755 50 6467 K
100 6539 L
150 6541 S
200 6542 N
250 6543
300 6544 D
350 6545 Z
400 6153 PC
34 3+&
18 18
SW 13 SW 13
M8
1
3
1
2
M8
1
3
1
2
1
5
A
B
p 2
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
20 1155 50 4829 DF
100 4832 DH
150 4834 DY
200 1324 D
250 4836 DO
300 4838 DE
350 4842 DB
400 4844 DS
40 1555 50 4846 D
100 4848 DZ
150 4851 DA
200 1338 DJ
250 4853 DR
300 4855 DH
350 4857 DY
400 4859 DO
60 1955 50 4862 DQ
100 4534 DS
150 4904 D
200 1345 DS
250 4906 DZ
300 4908 DP
350 4911 DR
400 4913 DH
80 2355 50 4915 DY
100 4917 DO
150 4919 DE
200 1395 DP
250 4922 DG
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
80 2355 300
350
400
4924 DX
4926 DN
4928 DD
100 2755 50 4931 DF
100 4933 DW
150 4935 DM
200 1406 DD
250 5004 DJ
300 5007 DV
350 5009 DL
400 5012 DN
120 3155 50 5025 DT
100 5027 DJ
150 5031 DG
200 1515 DW
250 5033 DX
300 5035 DN
350 5037 DD
400 5069 DC
150 3755 50 5072 DE
100 5075 DQ
150 5077 DG
200 1562 DH
250 5079 DX
300 5082 DZ
350 5084 DP
400 1205 RU
6 mm
15 mm
P
3+& 35
2
6 mm
15 mm
P
25,5
A
25,5
B
p

2
R 8,5 R 8,5
5 5
12 12
1
3
6,1
1
3
+ 0,2
6,1
+ 0,2
1
5
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
20 127,5 50 1885 L
100 2121 LY
150 2122 LT
200 2123 LO
250 2124 LJ
300 2125 LE
350 2127 LV
400 2128 LQ
40 166,5 50 1888 LU
100 2131 LS
150 2132 LN
200 2133 L
250 2134 LD
300 2135 LZ
350 2136 LU
400 2138 LK
60 206,5 50 1894 LH
100 2139 LF
150 2141 LM
200 2142 LH
250 2143 LC
300 2144 LY
350 2145 LT
400 2146 LO
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
80 247,5 50 1901 LP
100 2148 LE
150 2151 LG
200
250
300
350
400
2152 LB
2154 LS
2155 LN
2156 L
2157 LD
100 286,5 50 1904 LA
100 2158 LZ
150 2159 LU
200 2161 LA
250 2162 LW
300 2163 LR
350 2164 LM
400 2165 LH
120 326,5 50 1908 LH
100 2208 LV
150 2209 LQ
200 2211 LX
250 2212 LS
300 2213 LN
350 2214 L
400 2215 LD
36 3+&
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
150 386,5 50 1915 LQ
100 2166 LC
150 2167 LY
200 2168 LT
250 2169 LO
300 2171 LV
350 2172 LQ
400 2352 LO
6 mm
15 mm
P
25,5
A
25,5
B
p

2
R 8,5 R 8,5
5 5
12 12
1
3
6,1
1
3
+ 0,2
6,1
+ 0,2
1
5
3+& 37
2
6 mm
15 mm
M
6,1
+ 0,3
6,1
+ 0,3
10
3
12
R

6
,
5

R

6
,
5
3
1
5
A
B
p 2
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
20 106,5 50 192910
100 192929
150 192937
200 192945
250 192953
300 192961
350 192988
400 192996
40 145,5 50 185175
100 191752
150 192805
200 192813
250 192821
300 082309
350 082317
400 094307
60 185,5 50 192848
100 192856
150 192864
200 192872
250 192880
300 082384
350 082392
400 094315
80 226,5 50 082406
100 082414
150 082422
200 082430
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
80 226,5 250 082449
300 082457
350 082465
400 094323
100 265,5 50 082473
100 082481
150 082503
200 082511
250 082538
300 082546
350 082554
400 094331
120 305,5 50 082562
100 082570
150 082589
200 082597
250 082600
300 082627
350 082635
400 094358
150 365,5 50 082643
100 082651
150 082678
200 082686
250
300
350
400
082694
082708
082716
6756 RS
38 3+&
Approprie aux rotules mles selon DN 71803 o 10
29,5
18
1
9
-
1
A
B
p 2
1
7
,
8
21,5
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
60 205 500 2616 NQ
600 2617 NL
700 2618 NG
800 2619 NB
80 245 100 752614
150 752622
200 1417 EP
250 752630
300 1418 EK
350 1419 EF
400 752649
500 752657
600 752665
700 2622 ND
800 2623 NZ
100 285 100 752673
150 752681
200 1421 EM
250 752703
300 1422 EH
350 1423 EC
400 752711
500 752738
600 752746
700 2624 NU
800 2625 NP
120 325 100 752754
150 752762
200 1424 EY
250 752770
300 1425 ET
350 1426 EO
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
120 325 400 752789
500 752797
600 752800
700 2626 NK
800 2627 NF
140 365 400 2628 NA
500 2629 NW
600 2631 NC
700 2632 NY
800 2633 NT
160 405 100 752819
150 752827
200 1427 EJ
250 752835
300 1428 EE
350 1431 EG
400 752843
500 752851
600 752878
700 2634 NO
800 2635 NJ
180 445 100 2636 NE
150 2638 NV
200 2639 NQ
250 2641 NX
300 2642 NS
350 2643 NN
400 2644 N
500 2645 ND
600 2646 NZ
700 2647 NU
800 2648 NP
8 mm
19 mm
P
3+& 39
2
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
200 485 100 752886
150 752894
200 1432 EB
250 752908
300 1433 EX
350 1434 ES
400 752916
500 752924
600 752932
700 2649 NK
800 2651 NR
220 525 100 2652 NM
150 2653 NH
200 2654 NC
250 2655 NY
300 2656 NT
350 2657 NO
400 2658 NJ
500 2659 NE
600 2661 NL
700 2662 NG
800 2663 NB
250 585 100 752940
150 752959
200 1435 EN
250 752967
300 1436 E
350 1437 ED
400 752975
500 752983
600 752991
700 2664 NX
800 2665 NS
Approprie aux rotules mles selon DN 71803 o 10
8 mm
19 mm
P
29,5
18
1
9
-
1
A
B
p 2
1
7
,
8
21,5
40 3+&
18
SW 13
SW 13
M8
1
3
1
3
29,5
29,5
M8
18
1
3
1
3
1
9
-
1
A
B
p 2
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
60 205 500 094471
600 083240
700 083259
800 094412
80 245 500 083305
600 083313
700 083321
800 094420
100 285 500 083380
600 083399
700 083402
800 094439
120 325 500 094498
600 083461
700 083488
800 094447
140 365 400 083534
500 083542
600 083550
700 083569
800 094455
160 405 100 083577
150 095621
200 083585
250 095648
300 083593
350 095656
400 083607
500 083615
600 083623
700 083631
800 094463
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
180 445 100 083658
150 094501
200 083666
250 094528
300 083674
350 094536
400 083682
500 083690
600 083704
445,5 700 083712
800 094544
200 485 100 083720
150 094552
200 083739
250 094560
300 083747
350 094579
400 083755
500 083763
600 083771
485,5 700 083798
800 094587
220 525 100 083801
150 094595
200 083828
250 094609
300 083836
350 094617
400 083844
500 083852
600 083860
525,5 700 083879
800 094625
8 mm
19 mm
P
3+& 41
2
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
250 585 100 083887
150 094633
200 083895
250 094641
300 083909
350 094668
400 083917
500 083925
600 083933
585,5 700 083941
800 094676
8 mm
19 mm
P
18
SW 13
SW 13
M8
1
3
1
3
29,5
29,5
M8
18
1
3
1
3
1
9
-
1
A
B
p 2
42 3+&
25,5 25,5
R 8,5 R 8,5
5 5
12 12
1
3
8,1
1
3
+ 0,2
8,1
+ 0,2
1
9
-
1
A
B
p 2
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
60 218,5 500 1929 LR
600 2216 LZ
80 258,5 500 1933 LO
600 2217 LU
100 298,5 500 1938 LQ
600 2218 LP
120 338,5 500 1942 LN
600 2219 LK
140 378,5 400 1945 LZ
500 2224 LC
600 2225 LY
160 418,5 100 1948 LK
150 2226 LT
200 2227 LO
250 2228 LJ
300 2229 LE
350 2231 LL
400 2232 LG
500 2233 LB
600 2234 LX
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
180 458,5 100 1952 LH
150 2235 LS
200 2236 LN
250 2237 L
300 2238 LD
350 2239 LZ
400 2241 LF
500 2242 LA
600 2243 LW
200 498,5 100 1955 LT
150 2244 LR
200 2245 LM
250 2246 LH
300 2247 LC
350 2248 LY
400 2249 LT
500 2252 LV
600 2253 LQ
220 538,5 100 1958 LE
150 2255 LG
200 2256 LB
250 2257 LX
8 mm
19 mm
P
3+& 43
2
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
220 538,5 300 2258 LS
350 2259 LN
400 2261 LU
500 2262 LP
600 2263 LK
250 598,5 100 1817 LN
150 2334 LQ
200 2335 LL
250 2336 LG
300 2337 LB
350 2338 LX
400 2339 LS
500 2341 LZ
600 2342 LU
8 mm
19 mm
P
25,5 25,5
R 8,5 R 8,5
5 5
12 12
1
3
8,1
1
3
+ 0,2
8,1
+ 0,2
1
9
-
1
A
B
p 2
44 3+&
8,1
+ 0,3
8,1
+ 0,3
15
5
16,5
R

7
,
5

R

7
,
5
5
1
9
-
1
A
B
p 2
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
60 205 500 084018
600 084026
205,5 700 084034
800 094684
80 245 500 084093
600 084107
245,5 700 084115
800 094692
100 285 500 084174
600 084182
285,5 700 084190
800 094706
120 325 500 084247
600 094714
325,5 700 084263
800 094722
140 365 400 084352
500 084360
600 084379
365,5 700 084387
800 094749
160 405 100 084395
150 094765
200 084409
250 094773
300 084417
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
160 405 100 084395
150 094765
200 084409
250 094773
300 084417
350 094781
400 084425
500 084476
600 084484
405,5 700 084492
800 094757
180 445 100 084506
150 094803
200 084514
250 094811
300 084522
350 094838
400 086363
500 084549
600 084557
445,5 700 084565
800 094846
200 485 100 084573
150 094854
200 084581
250 094862
300 084603
350 094870
400 084611
8 mm
19 mm
M
3+& 45
2
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
200 485 500 084638
600 084646
485,5 700 084654
800 094889
220 525 100 084662
150 094897
200 084670
250 094900
300 084689
350 094919
400 084697
500 084700
600 084719
525,5 700 084727
800 094927
250 585 100 084735
150 094935
200 084743
250 094943
300 084751
350 094951
400 084778
500 084786
600 084794
585,5 700 084808
800 094978
8 mm
19 mm
M
8,1
+ 0,3
8,1
+ 0,3
15
5
16,5
R

7
,
5

R

7
,
5
5
1
9
-
1
A
B
p 2
46 3+&
Suitable for ball studs according to DN 71803 o 10
1
0
29,5
18
A
B
p 2
2
2
1
7
,
8
21,5
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
100 285 900 2666 NN
1000 2667 N
1150 2668 ND
150 385 900 2669 NZ
1000 2671 NF
1150 2672 NA
200 485 700 1442 EW
800 1443 ER
900 1444 EM
1000 1445 EH
1150 2673 NW
250 585 700 1446 EC
800 1447 EY
900 1448 ET
1000 1449 EO
1150 2674 NR
300 685 150 2675 NM
200 3935 LP
250 1438 EZ
300 2677 NC
350 1652 CK
400 753009
500 2679 NT
600 2682 NV
700 753017
800 2683 NQ
900 753025
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
300 685 1000 753033
1150 2684 NL
350 785 150 2685 NG
200 2686 NB
250 1439 EU
300 2687 NX
350 2688 NS
400 753041
500 2689 NN
600 2691 NU
700 753068
800 2692 NP
900 753076
1000 753084
400 885 150 2694 NF
200 2695 NA
250 1441 EA
300 2696 NW
350 2697 NR
400 753092
500 2698 NM
600 2699 NH
700 753106
800 2701 NN
10 mm
22 mm
P
3+& 47
2
10 mm
22 mm
P
1
0
18
SW 13 SW 13
M8
1
3
1
3
29,5
29,5
M8
18
1
3
1
3
A
B
p 2
2
2
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
100 285 900 085146
1000 085154
1150 095303
150 385 900 085189
1000 085197
1150 095311
200 485 900 085227
1000 085235
1150 095338
250 585 900 085278
1000 085286
1150 095346
300 685 150 095354
200 095362
250 095370
300 095389
350 095397
400 095400
500 095419
600 095427
700 085294
800 085308
900 085316
1000 085324
1150 095435
350 785 150 095443
200 095451
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
350 785 250 095478
300 095486
350 095494
400 095508
500 095516
600 095524
700 085332
800 085340
900 085359
1000 085367
400 885 150 095540
200 095559
250 095567
300 095575
350 095583
400 095591
500 095605
600 095613
700 085375
800 085383
48 3+&
1
3
1
9
-
1
8,1
+ 0,3
8,1
+ 0,3
15
5
16,5
R

7
,
5

R

7
,
5

5
1
0
2
2
A
B
p 2
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
95 285 900 084832
1000 084840
1150 094986
145 385 900 084875
1000 084883
1150 094994
195 485 900 084913
1000 084921
1150 095001
245 585 900 084964
1000 084972
1150 095028
295 685 150 095036
200 095044
250 095052
300 095060
350 095079
400 095087
500 095095
600 095109
700 084980
800 084999
900 085014
1000 085022
1150 097306
345 785 150 095117
200 095125
10 mm
22 mm
M
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
345 785 250 095133
300 095141
350 095176
400 095168
500 095184
600 095192
700 085030
800 085049
900 085057
1000 085065
395 885 150 095214
200 095222
250 095230
300 095249
350 095257
400 095265
500 095273
600 095281
700 085073
800 086401
3+& 49
2
BaII stud
Ball 10
DN 71803 10
6,8
SW 13
1
3
1
2

2
9
,
5

M8
Thread Thread
Iength
Neck Spanner
width
Surface Ref.-No
mm mm mm
M8 13 6,8 13 Zinc plated / yellow chromated 022721
Ball 10
DN 71803 10
5,5
1
2
1
3
2
9
,
2
5/16 - 18 UNC-2A
Thread Thread
Iength
Neck Spanner
width
Surface Ref.-No
mm mm inch
5/16-18 UNC-2A 13 5,5 1/2 Zinc plated / yellow chromated 4565 BD
BaII stud
Accessories
50 3+&
SW 13
M10
35
2
0
3
6
1
3
SW 13
M10
2
0
3
6
1
3
35
1
4
2
8
A
B
p 2
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
100 335,5 1300 2029 LS
1500 2357 LQ
1700 2358 LL
1900 2359 LG
2100 2361 LN
150 435,5 1300 2033 LP
1500 2362 L
1700 2363 LD
1900 2364 LZ
2100 2365 LU
200 535,5 1300 2036 LA
1500 2366 LP
1700 2367 LK
1900 2368 LF
2100 2369 LA
250 635,5 1300 2075 L
1500 2371 LH
1700 2372 LC
1900 2373 LY
2100 2374 LT
300 735,5 1300 2078 LU
1500 2375 LO
1700 2376 LJ
14 mm
28 mm
M
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
300 735,5 1900 2377 LE
2100 2379 LV
350 835,5 1300 2082 LR
1500 2381 LB
1700 2382 LX
1900 2383 LS
2100 2384 LN
400 935,5 1300 2085 LC
1500 2385 L
1700 2386 LD
1900 2387 LZ
2100 2388 LU
500 1135,5 500 2088 LO
600 2389 LP
700 2391 LW
800 2392 LR
900 2393 LM
1000 2394 LH
1100 2395 LC
1300 2396 LY
1500 2397 LT
1700 2398 LO
3+& 51
2
R

8
24 15
8
o10,1
1
8
+ 0,1
- 0,2
o10,1
+ 0,1
1
4
2
8
A
B
p 2
R

9
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
100 302 1300 1847 LW
1500 2038 LR
1700 2039 LM
1900 2041 LT
2100 2042 LO
150 402 1300 1851 LT
1500 2043 LJ
1700 2044 LE
1900 2046 LV
2100 2047 LQ
200 502 1300 1854 LE
1500 2048 LL
1700 2049 LG
1900 2051 LN
2100 2052 L
250 602 1300 1858 LL
1500 2055 LU
1700 2056 LP
1900 2057 LK
2100 2058 LF
300 702 1300 1862 L
1500 2059 LA
1700 2061 LH
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
300 702 1900 2062 LC
2100 2063 LY
350 802 1300 1865 LU
1500 2064 LT
1700 2065 LO
1900 2066 LJ
2100 2067 LE
400 902 1300 1868 LF
1500 2069 LV
1700 2071 LB
1900 2072 LX
2100 2073 LS
500 1102 500 1872 LC
600 2108 LB
700 2109 LX
800 2111 LD
900 2112 LZ
1000 2113 LU
1100 2114 LP
1300 2115 LK
1500 2116 LF
1700 2117 LA
1900 2118 LW
14 mm
28 mm
M
52 3+&
20 mm
42 mm
M
1
4
1
4
17,5 17,5
2
5
2
5
14,2
+ 0,4
14,2
+ 0,4
A
B
p 2
40 40
2
0
4
2
4
4
R

1
2
,
5
R

1
2
,
5
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
150 500 2400 095974
2800 095982
3200 207519
3600 207527
4000 155624
4600 207535
5200 207543
200 600 2400 086657
2800 086665
3200 207462
3600 207470
4000 207489
4600 207497
5200 207500
250 700 2400 086738
2800 086746
3200 207551
3600 207578
4000 207586
4600 207594
5200 207608
300 800 2400 086789
2800 086800
3200 207616
3600 207624
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
300 800 4000 207632
4600 207640
5200 207659
350 900 2400 096083
2800 096091
3200 207667
3600 207675
4000 207683
4600 207691
5200 207705
400 1000 2400 086924
2800 086932
3200 207713
3600 207721
4000 207748
4600 207756
5200 207764
500 1200 2400 086983
2800 086991
3200 207772
3600 207780
4000 207799
4600 207802
5200 207810
3+& 53
2
20 mm
42 mm
M
1
2
12 H7
1
6
1
2
1
6
A
B
p 2
4
4
50
R

1
6
50
R

1
6
2
0
4
2
12 H7
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
150 520 2400 087041
2800 087068
3200 207829
3600 207837
4000 207845
4600 207853
5200 207861
200 620 2400 087114
2800 087122
3200 207888
3600 207896
4000 207918
4600 207926
5200 207934
250 720 2400 087173
2800 087181
3200 207942
3600 207950
4000 207969
4600 207977
5200 207985
300 820 2400 087254
2800 087262
3200 207993
3600 208000
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
300 820 4000 208019
4600 208027
5200 208035
350 920 2400 087319
2800 087327
3200 208043
3600 208051
4000 208078
4600 208086
5200 208094
400 1020 2400 087386
2800 087394
3200 208108
3600 208116
4000 208124
4600 208132
5200 208140
500 1220 2400 087440
2800 087459
3200 208159
3600 208167
4000 208175
4600 208183
5200 208191
54 3+&
Gas spring assembIy programme 8/19
o
2
4
o
2
7
1
4
S1
Protection tube, 10 mm str oke r eduction
Locking tube, 25 mm stroke r eduction
S2
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
K1
K2
K3
K4
K5
17
2
2
8,1
Thickness 10
10,1
17
2
2
Thickness 10
o6
6
24
12
1
2
Width 12
18
Ball o 10
Thickness 10
Thickness 10
Width 12
Ball o 10
M8
18
2
6
1
3
o
1
9
o
8
M
6
10
o
2
2
,
5
10
M
6
17
2
2
8,1
10,1
17
2
2
o6
6
24
12
1
2
18
M8
18
2
6
1
3
A
B
p 2
123456 K5 D3 S1 0350N
Odoing oxamplo
/ / / /
Pooonoo F1 Piston od ond itting Possuo tubo ond itting Potootion tubo
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
50 154 De 100 900 697567
100 255 697605
150 356 697656
200 462 697699
250 560 697737
8 mm
19 mm
3+& 55
2
Gas spring assembIy programme 10/22
10 mm
22 mm
S1
Protection tube, 10 mm stroke reduction
Locking tube, 25 mm stroke reduction
S2
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
K1
K2
K3
K4
K5
8,1
29
1
4
1
7
17
1
7
8,1
Thickness 12
Thickness 10
o8
8
32
16
1
6
Width 16
25
Ball o 10
M8
2
6
,
5
1
3
o

2
6
Thickness 12
17
1
7
8,1
Thickness 10
8,1
29
1
7
1
4
Width 16
L
a
r
Ball o 10
o8
8
32
16
1
6
25
M8
25 25
2
6
,
5
1
3
o
2
4
o
2
7
1
4
A
B
p 2
o

2
2
o

1
0
M
8
12 12
M
8
123456 K5 D3 S1 0350N
Odoing oxamplo
/ / / /
Pooonoo F1 Piston od ond itting Possuo tubo ond itting Potootion tubo
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm N
100 253,5 De 150 1000 555762
150 354,5 555800
200 456,5 555843
250 552,5 555894
350 756,5 555975
400 852,5 556017
56 3+&
Notes
3+& 57

3
BLOC-O-LIFT

gas springs
Variable positioning, rigid or spring blocking
Springing
blocking
Rigid blocking
in extension
Rigid blocking
in compression
nstallation
position
any as required
With piston
rod upwards
Suitable for
permanent
release
Release way
X mm
Page
2,5 59 and 60
2,5 61
1 62
2,5 63 and 64
1 65
2,5 66
1 67
2,5 68
1 69
2,5 70
2,5 71
1 72
Accessories pages 73, 74 and 75
58 3+&
3 BLOC-O-LIFT gas springs
STAB-Spec.10005593
STAB-Spec.1000
Poloa o oroo o oalvo aooording to
AB-Spec.10009033
Statioally moa urod oroo
STAB-Spec.10009033
Di po al in truotion
www. tabilu .oom/rooyoling
Pin
Release force
Stroke (mm)

F
o
r
c
e

(
N
)
Force of compression
Force of extension
Friction-force
5 5
Spring rate
x = F
2
/ F
1
F
R
F
1
F2
F3
D
2

D
1

D
1
D
2
Force of extension
min.
F1
Force of extension
max.
F1
Spring
rate
X
Friction force
maxi
F
R max.
ReIease force
mm mm N N N N
8 28 200 1000 1,01 - 1,5 80 CA 30 % F
1
10 28 200 1200 1,01 - 1,6 80 CA 18 % F
1
3+& 59
3
min. 2, mm
16
7
1,5
15
8,015
+0,07
1
6
8
8

3 5
M

8
x
1
2
8
B
p2
A C
p1
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N
20 146 110 200 691674
250 728896
300 728918
350 728926
400 728934
500 681520
600 728942
800 691682
1000 728950
25 157 115 200 691690
250 728969
300 728977
350 728985
400 728993
500 627054
600 729000
800 691739
1000 729019
30 168 120 200 681539
250 729027
300 729035
350 729043
400 729051
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N
30 168 120 500 691747
600 729078
800 691755
1000 729086
40 187 130 200 681547
250 729094
300 729108
350 729116
400 729124
500 691763
600 729132
800 691771
1000 729140
60 228 150 200 681806
250 729159
300 729167
350 729175
400 729183
500 691798
600 729191
800 691801
1000 729205
60 3+&
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N
80 266 170 200 681814
250 729213
300 729221
350 729248
400 729256
500 691828
600 729264
800 691836
1000 729272
100 307 190 200 681822
250 729280
300 729299
350 729302
400 729310
500 691844
600 729329
800 691852
1000 729337
min. 2, mm
16
7
1,5
15
8,015
+0,07
1
6
8
8

3 5
M

8
x
1
2
8
B
p2
A C
p1
3+& 61
3
min. 2, mm
16
7,5
1,5
15
8,015
1
6
8
1
0

4 6
M

1
0
x
1
2
8
B
p2
A C
p1
+0,07
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N
20 149,5 111,5 300 670685
350 728543
400 728594
500 670626
600 728640
800 691860
1000 728659
1200 728667
25 157,5 116,5 250 681830
300 728675
350 728683
400 728705
500 691879
600 728713
800 691887
1000 728721
1200 728748
30 168,5 121,5 250 681849
300 728756
350 728764
400 728772
500 691895
600 728780
800 691909
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N
30 168,5 121,5 1000 728799
1200 728802
40 187,5 131,5 200 681857
250 728810
300 728829
350 728837
400 728845
500 691917
600 728853
800 691925
1000 728861
1200 728888
62 3+&
min. 1 mm
16
7,5
1,5
15
8,015
1
6
8
1
0

4 6
M

1
0
x
1
2
8
B
p2
A C
p1
+0,07
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N
20 149,5 111,5 300 681954
350 729892
400 729906
500 692263
600 729914
800 692271
1000 729922
1200 729930
25 157,5 116,5 250 681962
300 729949
350 729957
400 729965
500 692298
600 729981
800 692301
1000 730009
1200 730017
30 168,5 121,5 250 681970
300 730025
350 730033
400 730041
500 692328
600 730068
800 692336
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N
30 168,5 121,5 1000 730076
1200 730084
40 187,5 131,5 200 681989
250 730092
300 730106
350 730114
400 730122
500 692344
600 730130
800 692352
1000 730149
1200 730157
3+& 63
3
min. 2, mm
16
7,5
1,5
15
8,015
1
6
8
1
0

4 6
M

1
0
x
1
2
8
B
p2
A C
p1
+0,07
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N
60 228 151,5 200 681865
250 729345
300 729353
350 729361
400 729388
500 691933
600 729396
800 691941
1000 729418
1200 729426
80 269 171,5 200 681946
250 729434
300 729442
350 729450
400 729469
500 691968
600 729477
800 691976
1000 729485
1200 729493
100 310 191,5 200 681873
250 729507
300 729515
350 729523
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N
100 310 191,5 350 729523
400 729531
500 691984
600 729558
800 691992
1000 729566
1200 729574
120 348 211,5 200 681881
250 729582
300 729590
350 729604
400 729612
500 692018
600 729620
800 692026
1000 729639
1200 729647
160 430 251,5 200 681903
250 729655
300 729663
350 729671
400 729698
500 692034
600 729701
800 692212
64 3+&
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N
160 430 251,5 1000 729728
1200 729736
200 509 291,5 200 681911
250 729744
300 729752
350 729760
400 729779
500 692220
600 729787
800 692239
1000 729795
1200 729809
250 610 341,5 200 681938
250 729817
300 729825
350 729833
400 729841
500 692247
600 729868
800 692255
1000 729876
1200 729884
min. 2, mm
16
7,5
1,5
15
8,015
1
6
8
1
0

4 6
M

1
0
x
1
2
8
B
p2
A C
p1
+0,07
3+& 65
3
min. 1 mm
16
7,5
1,5
15
8,015
1
6
8
1
0

4 6
M

1
0
x
1
2
8
B
p2
A C
p1
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N
60 228 151,5 200 692360
250 730165
300 730173
350 730181
400 730203
500 682136
600 730211
800 692379
1000 730238
1200 730246
100 310 191,5 200 682144
250 730254
300 730262
350 730270
400 730289
500 692387
600 730297
800 692395
1000 730300
1200 730319
200 509 291,5 200 682152
250 730327
300 730335
350 730343
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N
200 509 291,5 400 730351
500 692409
600 730378
800 692417
1000 730386
1200 730394
66 3+&
min. 2, mm
FZ = blooking oroo in traotion dirootion
FD = blooking oroo in oomprossion dirootion
16
7,5
1,5
15
+0,07
1
6
8
1
0

4 6
M

1
0
x
1
2
8
B
p2
A C
p1
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C F1
Force
FZ FD
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N N N
19,5 164,5 127 400 9500 2000 2691 HR
500 8500 2500 2694 HC
600 7500 3000 2696 HT
800 5500 4000 2698 HJ
1000 3500 5000 2721 HZ
1200 2000 6000 2723 HP
25,5 177,5 134 400 9000 2000 2727 HW
500 8000 2500 2731 HT
600 7000 3000 2733 HJ
800 5500 4000 2736 HV
1000 3000 5000 2738 HL
1200 1000 6000 2741 HN
31,5 192,5 143 300 10000 1000 2745 HU
400 9000 2000 2748 HF
500 8000 2500 2751 HH
600 7000 3000 2753 HY
800 5000 4000 2611 HL
1000 3000 5000 2776 HY
40,5 212,5 154 300 10000 1000 2787 HN
400 9000 2000 2791 HK
500 8000 2500 2793 HA
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C F1
Force
FZ FD
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N N N
40,5 212,5 154 600 7000 3000 2803 HU
800 5000 4000 2805 HK
1000 2500 5000 2807 HA
3+& 67
3
min. 1 mm
16
7,5
1,5
15
8,015
+0,07
1
6
8
1
0

4 6
M

1
0
x
1
2
8
B
p2
A C
p1
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C F1
Force
FZ FD
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N N N
19,5 164,5 127 400 4500 2000 5139 HY
500 5500 2500 5144 HQ
600 7000 3000 5146 HG
800 6000 4000 5148 HX
1000 4000 5000 5151 HZ
1200 2000 6000 5153 HP
25,5 177,5 134 400 4500 2000 5157 HW
500 6000 2500 5169 HG
600 7000 3000 5172 H
800 5500 4000 5174 HZ
1000 3500 5000 5176 HP
1200 1500 6000 5178 HF
31,5 192,5 143 300 3500 1000 5183 HY
400 5000 2000 5186 HJ
500 6000 2500 5189 HV
600 7000 3000 5192 HX
800 5500 4000 5194 HN
1000 3500 5000 5196 HD
1200 1500 6000 5198 HU
40,5 212,5 154 300 4000 1000 5203 HL
400 5000 2000 5206 HX
500 6500 2500 5208 HN
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C F1
Force
FZ FD
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N N N
40,5 212,5 154 600 7000 3000 5211 HP
800 5000 4000 5213 HF
1000 3000 5000 5215 HW
68 3+&
min. 2, mm
16
7,5
1,5
15
8,015
+0,07
1
6
8
1
0

4 6
M

1
0
x
1
2
8
B
p2
A C
p1
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C F1
Force
FZ FD
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N N N
60,0 265,0 187 300 10000 1000 5219 HC
400 9000 2000 5224 HV
500 8000 2500 5226 HL
600 7000 3000 5228 HB
800 4500 4000 5231 HD
1000 2500 5000 5233 HU
81,0 310,0 211 200 10500 900 2784 HB
300 9500 1000 5238 HW
400 8500 2000 5241 HY
500 7500 2500 5243 HO
600 6500 3000 5245 HE
800 4000 4000 5248 HQ
1000 1500 5000 5251 HS
100,5 370,5 252 200 10500 900 5255 HZ
300 9500 1000 5258 HK
400 8500 2000 5261 HM
500 7000 2500 5263 HC
600 6000 3000 5265 HT
800 3500 4000 5267 HJ
121,5 420,5 281 200 10500 900 5273 HX
300 9500 1000 5281 HA
400 8000 2000 5283 HR
500 7000 2500 5285 HH
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C F1
Force
FZ FD
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N N N
121,5 420,5 281 600 6000 3000 5287 HY
800 3500 4000 5289 HO
160,5 510,5 332 200 10500 900 5294 HG
300 9000 1000 5297 HS
400 8000 2000 5299 H
500 7000 2500 5302 HJ
600 5500 3000 5311 H
800 3000 4000 5313 HZ
199,5 600,5 383 200 10500 900 5317 HF
300 9000 1000 5321 HC
400 8000 2000 5323 HT
500 6500 2500 5325 HJ
600 5500 3000 5328 HV
800 2500 4000 5331 HX
3+& 69
3
min. 1 mm
16
7,5
1,5
15
8,015
+0,07
1
6
8
1
0

4 6
M

1
0
x
1
2
8
B
p2
A C
p1
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C F1
Force
FZ FD
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N N N
60,0 265,0 187 200 2500 900 5352 HG
300 4000 1000 5355 HS
400 5000 2000 5357 H
500 6500 2500 5359 HZ
600 7000 3000 5362 HA
800 5000 4000 5364 HR
1000 2500 5000 5366 HH
100,5 370,5 252 200 3000 900 5372 HV
300 4500 1000 5375 HG
400 6000 2000 5377 HX
500 7000 2500 5379 HN
600 6000 3000 5382 HP
800 4000 4000 5384 HF
160,5 510,5 332 200 3000 900 5388 HM
300 4500 1000 5392 HJ
400 6000 2000 5395 HV
500 7000 2500 5397 HL
600 6000 3000 5399 HB
800 3000 4000 5402 HC
250,5 730,5 462 200 3000 900 5406 HJ
300 4500 1000 5411 HB
400 6000 2000 5413 HS
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C F1
Force
FZ FD
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N N N
250,5 730,5 462 500 7000 2500 5415 H
600 6000 3000 5417 HZ
800 3000 4000 5419 HP
70 3+&
16
7
1,5
15
+0,07
1
6
8

3 5
M

8
x
1
2
8
B
p2
A C
p1
8
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C F1
Force
FZ FD
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N N N
20 179 141 200 1000 13000 684058
250 1500 12500 733199
300 2000 12000 733202
350 2500 11500 733210
400 3000 10500 733229
500 4000 9500 670138
600 5000 8000 733237
800 4000 5500 693391
1000 1000 3000 733245
25 190 147 200 1000 13000 684066
250 1500 12500 733253
300 2000 12000 733261
350 2500 11500 733288
400 3000 10500 733296
500 4000 9500 693405
600 5000 8000 733318
800 3500 5500 693413
1000 500 2500 733326
30 204 156 200 1000 13000 684074
250 1500 12500 733334
300 2000 12000 733342
350 2500 11500 733350
400 3000 10500 733369
500 4000 9000 693421
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C F1
Force
FZ FD
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N N N
30 204 156 600 5000 8000 733377
800 3500 5000 693448
1000 500 2500 733385
40 226 170 200 1000 13000 684082
250 1500 12500 733393
300 2000 12000 733407
350 2500 11000 733415
400 3000 10500 733423
500 4000 9000 693456
600 5000 8000 733431
800 3000 5000 693464
min. 2, mm
3+& 71
3
min. 2, mm
16
7,5
1,5
15
8,015
+0,07
1
6
8
1
0

4 6
M

1
0
x
1
2
8
B
p2
Amin C
p1
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C F1
Force
FZ FD
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N N N
20 191,5 153,5 500 2500 12000 670669
600 3000 11000 682756
800 4000 9000 693278
1000 5000 8000 732869
1200 3500 6500 732877
25 205,5 163,5 400 2000 12500 682764
500 2500 12000 693286
600 3000 11000 732885
800 4000 9500 693294
1000 5000 8000 732893
1200 3500 6500 767689
30 219,5 173,5 350 1500 13000 682772
400 2000 12500 732907
500 2500 11500 693308
600 3000 10500 732915
800 4000 9000 693316
1000 4500 7000 732923
1200 2500 5500 732931
40 241,5 184,5 350 1500 12500 682799
400 2000 12000 732958
500 2500 11000 693324
600 3000 10000 732966
800 4000 8500 693332
1000 3500 6500 732974
80 350,5 253,5 200 500 13500 682802
250 1000 13500 732982
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C F1
Force
FZ FD
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N N N
80 350,5 253,5 400 2000 12000 733016
350 1500 12500 733008
400 2000 12000 733016
500 2500 11000 670677
600 3000 10000 733024
800 4000 8000 693340
1000 3000 6000 733032
100 400,5 284,5 200 500 13500 682810
250 1000 13000 733040
300 1000 12500 733059
350 1500 12000 733067
400 2000 12000 733075
500 2500 11000 693359
600 3000 10000 733105
800 4000 7500 693367
1000 2500 5500 733113
120 450,5 313,5 200 500 13500 684023
250 1000 13000 733121
300 1000 12500 733148
350 1500 12000 733156
400 2000 11500 733164
500 2500 10500 693375
600 3000 9500 733172
800 4000 7500 693383
1000 2000 5000 733180
72 3+&
min. 1 mm
16
7,5
1,5
15
8,015
+0,07
1
6
8
1
0

4 6
M

1
0
x
1
2
8
B
p2
Amin C
p1
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C F1
Force
FZ FD
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N N N
20 191 154,5 500 2500 12000 693189
600 3000 11000 682705
800 4000 9500 693197
1000 5000 8000 732737
1200 3500 6000 732745
25 205 161,5 400 2000 12500 682713
500 2500 11500 693200
600 3000 11000 732753
800 4000 9500 693219
1000 4500 7500 732761
1200 3000 5500 827851
30 219 172,5 350 1500 13000 682721
400 2000 12500 732788
500 2500 11500 693227
600 3000 11000 732796
800 4000 9000 693235
1000 4500 7500 732818
1200 3000 6500 732826
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C F1
Force
FZ FD
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N N N
40 241 184,5 350 1500 12500 682748
400 2000 12000 732834
500 2500 11500 693243
600 3000 10500 732842
800 4000 8500 693251
1000 4000 6500 732850
3+& 73
3
Screw nuts
b
sw
Thread b sw Ref.-No
mm mm
M 8x1 5 13 012483
M 10x1 6 17 012491
Rubber bumper
h
d
i
d
a
Inner diameter
di
da h Ref.-No
mm mm mm
8 20 8 269069
10 20 4 036862
10 20 8 036854
Washer
d
i
d
a
h
Inner diameter
di
da h Ref.-No
mm mm mm
8 19 3 023582
10 24 3 363979
Accessories
74 3+&
8
2 3 4 1
37
o8,05
+0,1
o

D
22
1
1
A
B
Accessories
elesehedsuitbleforllBOC-O-FTfrom
ourstandardprogrammewithreleaseway1mm.
Pleasepayattentiontothemountinginstructions
fortheBLOC-O-LFTreleasehead
SB-S.1000525
1 BLOC-O-LIFT
D piston rod
Thread
ReIease way
B
o 8
M 8x1
1 mm
5 mm
o 10
M 10x1
1 mm
6 mm
2 ReIease head for standard reIease
ReIease head for permanent reIease
9102 GW
0516 CC
130850
271985
3 ReIease Iever
Length A = 64
A = 104
A = 122
A = 167
A = 196
A = 248
992259
1041 BN
132543
065056
125466
995568
992259
1041 BN
132543
065056
125466
995568
4 Screw nuts 012483 012491
3+& 75
3
A
26 8,5
18
4
M

5
o
5
+
0
,
1
SW 6
73 66
3
8
Thickness 21
8
3 2 4 1
27

D
11
o
8
,
0
5
+
0
,
1
c
a
.

3
8
B
Thickness 11
A Length of bowden-wire Ref.-No.
200 0345BH
300 878189
400 7605AV
500 0346BC
600 0347BY
700 5240AD
800 0304BJ
900 0298BX
1000 0305BE
ReIease unit Ref.-No.
1044BZ
1 BLOC-O-LIFT
D
Thread
B
o 8
M 8x1
5 mm
2 ReIease head 983 918
3 ReIease Iever 783 234
4 Screw nuts 012 483
1 BLOC-O-LIFT
D
Thread
B
o 10
M 10x1
6 mm
2 ReIease head 784 575
3 ReIease Iever 783 234
4 Screw nuts 012 491
Accessories
ReleaseheadsuitableforallBLOC-O-LFTfrom
ourstandardprogramme.Pleasepayattentiontothe
mountinginstructionsfortheBLOC-O-LFT
releasehead
STAB-Spec.10006476and
STAB-Spec.10005635
Forareleaseunitwithabowden-wirelonger
than400mmaBLOC-O-LFTwithrelease
way1mmisnecessary.
3+&
Notes
3+&
Notes
3+&
Notes
3+& 79

4
Without
outer-tube
Column
Comfortable
spring
defection
Mechanical
depth
cushioning
Telescope
stand tube
Axial Cable
Release
Radial cable
release
Multi-Function
Column
Swivel
Resistant
Column
Additional
Stop-Function
STAB-O-MAT
STAB-O-BLOC
Page
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
STAB-O-MAT
/ STAB-O-BLOC
gas springs
Stepless height adjustment of swivel chairs
Accessories pages 94 and 95
80 3+&
4 STAB-O-MAT - STAB-O-BLOC gas springs
STAB-Spec.10005593
STAB-Spec.1000
Poloa o oroo o oalvo aooording to
-.1000033
Statioally moa urod oroo
AB-Spec.10005493
Cono - Pango o trongtnno
-e.1000033
Di po al in truotion
www. tabilu .oom/rooyoling
Sol- upporting ga pring
Non- ol upporting ga pring
Release force
Stroke (mm)

F
o
r
c
e

Force of compr ession

Force of extension
Frictionfor ce
Spring rate

E

Cone
Outer tube
STABOMAT
STABOBLOC
Telescope
Cone
5 5
x = F
2
/ F
1
F
R
F
1
F2
F3
2
8
0
5
0
2
Dia.
E
Force of
extension mini
F1
Force of
extension max
F1
Spring rate
X
Friction force
maxi
F
R max.
ReIease force
mm N N N
40 200 500 12 100 Ca 30 F
1
45 200 500 12 100 Ca 30 F
1
50 200 500 12 100 Ca 30 F
1
ReIease way
min.
mm
STABOMAT
25
STABOBLOC
17
3+& 81
4
34
1

P
1
0

6
p
0
1
9
1o 26 16
p1
8
2
2
8

2
6
3

C
loa o pin uitablo or u o ad|u tablo orow
A
15
05
122
025
1
01

2
8
0
5
0
2
B
p 2
Stroke
A
Extended Iength
B
Length of pressure tube
C
ReIease pin projection
P
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm mm mm N
75,5 3045 207 65 300 7874 CH
400 936413
90,5 3375 225 65 400 8056 GO
99,5 3545 233 65 300 335916
400 311677
111,5 3645 231 65 300 603953
400 9063 CE
120,5 3965 254 65 300 311707
400 541222
135,5 4125 255 65 300 604003
400 0951 FR
135,5 4395 282 65 300 936367
141,5 4395 276 65 300 311731
159,5 4805 299 65 300 311774
201,5 5625 339 65 300 604054
264,5 6945 408 65 300 604100
AxiaI bearing set
2
2
2
0
9
8
2
0
05
Ref.-No
7052LW
9
SW 8
P
82 3+&
34
1
P
1o 26 16
p1

2
6

( X)
B
p3
A
S
C
K
2
8
0
5

D
W
Poloa o pin uitablo or u o ad|u tablo orow
0
2
Outer tube
diameter
E
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Dimension
of chair
base
X
C
C
D
Length of
support
tube
S
Cone II
Iength
K
Cone II
angIe
W
ReIease pin
projection
P
Force
F1
Ref.-No
bIack paint
hnish
Ref.-No duII
chromed
mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm N
40 905 324 262 62 34 193 55 13026 65 400 604321 604518
1115 366 304 62 34 214 55 13026 65 300 604372 604550
1355 414 352 62 34 238 55 13026 65 300 604410 604593
2015 564 502 62 34 322 55 13026 65 300 604453 604631
2645 696 634 62 34 391 55 13026 65 300 605611 604682
45 905 3205 2335 87 385 190 65 13026 65 400 605662 604720
1115 3625 2755 87 385 211 65 13026 65 300 605700 604763
1355 4105 3235 87 385 235 65 13026 65 300 605743 604828
2015 5605 4735 87 385 319 65 13026 65 300 605794 604860
2645 6925 6055 87 385 388 65 13026 65 300 605832 604909
50 755 306 234 72 445 1825 55 12616 65 400 3532 FB
755 307 213 94 445 1795 55 12616 65 400 7574 GM
905 324 257 67 445 1935 55 12616 65 400 605875 604941
905 347 276 71 445 1995 55 12616 65 400 8575 EH
1115 366 299 67 445 2145 55 12616 65 400 605913 604992
1205
1205
399
399
328 71 445 2235 55 12616 65 300 4426 FN
301 98 445 2255 55 12616 65 300 9786 HQ
1245 442 347 95 445 2585 78 12616 65 300 9764 EX
1295 421 350 71 445 2345 55 12616 65 300 8464 EZ
1355 414 347 67 445 2385 55 12616 65 300 605964 605042
1355 416 323 93 445 2395 45 12616 65 300 0989 ER
1355 441 373 68 445 2385 55 12616 65 300 8595 HK
2015 564 496 68 445 3225 55 12616 65 300 606006 605085
2645 696 628 68 445 3915 55 12616 65 300 606049 605123
3+& 83
4
34
1

P
8

6
p
0
9
1o 26 16
p 1
8
2
8
0
5

2
8

2
6
3

C
B
p 2
SW 22
A
15
05
122
05
1
01
2
1

0
2
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure tube
C
ReIease pin
projection
P
ReIease pin
adjustabIe
AxiaI
bearing set
assembIed
Ressort
gas springs
changeabIe
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm mm mm N
91,50 32400 20950 600 9 400 0607 BA
100,00 35400 22400 600 400 7189 DV
103,50 35200 22550 600 9 400 735442
118,00 38200 24900 600 9 300 6759 CJ
121,50 37400 23950 700 9 300 1425 AF
39400 24950 600 9 300 740969
122,00 39400 25500 600 9 300 2067 DJ
127,50 42200 27150 600 9 310 711799
139,50 44150 27850 650 9 9 9 310 701254
202,50 56400 33850 600 9 300 0718 BJ
265,50 69600 40750 600 9 300 0728 BD
271,50 70850 41350 650 9 9 9 310 701084
Bute biIIes
2
2
2
0
9
8
2
0
05
Ref.-No
7052LW
9
SW 8
P
84 3+&
Colour of support tube: black paint fnish
9
SW 8
P
34
1
P
1o 26 16
p1

2
6

( X)
B
p3
A
S
C
K
2
8
0
5

D
W
0
2
Outer
tube
diameter
E
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Dimension
of chair
base
X
C
C
D
Length of
support
tube
S
Cone II
Iength
K
Cone II
angIe
W
ReIease pin
projection
P
ReIease
pin
adjustabIe
Ressort
gas springs
changeabIe
For-
ce
F1
Ref.-No
50 8850 35300 26000 93 4050 17550 60 12616 600 9 350 700401
8950 32650 25550 71 4450 19250 55 12616 600 9 400 9011 DN
10300 33450 24050 94 4450 18850 55 12616 700 450 3037 BA
10950 38650 32150 65 4450 21850 45 12616 600 9 9 300 969303
12100
12100
40450 27650 128 4450 21550 55 12616 700 300 4571 CN
41450 28850 126 4450 23250 45 12616 700 300 4541 CE
12500 41750 35450 63 4450 22950 45 12616 600 300 930466
12700 44050 33250 108 4450 23850 45 12616 600 300 5895 DC
13000 40400 31200 92 4550 22350 90 12616 550 9 300 1901 FM
13400 41400 32900 85 4675 22550 65 12616 700 300 3334 CR
15200 49450 40950 85 4450 27650 45 12616 700 300 2712 CT
3+& 85
4
34
1
P
1o 26 16
p1

2
6

( X)
B
p3
A
S
C
K

D
W
5
2
8
0
5
0
2
Outer tube
diameter
E
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Dimension of
chair base
X
C
C
D
Length of
support tube
S
Cone II
Iength
K
Cone II
angIe
W
ReIease pin
projection
P
Force
F1
Ref.-No
50 12550 37850 28950 9200 4675 20250 65 12616 650 300 7002 CH
15950 44450 35250 9200 4450 20450 78 12616 750 400 1365 GV
20450 53550 44350 9200 4450 24950 78 12616 750 300 853593
50,8 20450 53950 45000 8950 4550 24950 67 12616 650 300 5673 DL
86 3+&
34
1

1
0

6
p
0
1
1o 26 16
p 1
2
8
0
5

2
8

2
6
3

C
B
p 2
A
15
05
122
025
1
01

0
2
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Length of
pressure
tube
C
Force
F1
Ref.-No
mm mm mm N
87,5 3845 242 300 7478 FD
135,5 4395 282 300 8585 DF
o
5
1
0
0
1
8
8
M
5
bowdenwire
Length of bowden-wire Ref.-No
mm
300 961698
400 9718CO
500 3603CT
700 9721CQ
3+& 87
4
34
1
1o 26 16
p1

2
6

( X)
B
p3
A
S
C
K

D
W
2
8
0
5
0
2
Outer tube
diameter
E
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Dimension of
chair base
X
C
C
D
Length of
support tube
S
Cone II
Iength
K
Cone II
angIe
W
Force
F1
Ref.-No
o mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm N
50 875 386 303 83 445 2245 55 12616 300 0588DA
1195 433 324 109 445 2365 55 12616 300 8822D
o
5
1
0
0
1
8
8
M
5
bowdenwire
Length of bowden-wire Ref.-No
mm
300 961698
400 9718CO
500 3603CT
700 9721CQ
Colour of support tube : black paint fnish
88 3+&
Colour of support tube: black paint fnishr
34
1
P

E
1
o
2
6
1
6
p
1
2
8
0
5
2
6
3

S
B
p3
A

D
C
(X) K
W
0
2
Outer tube
diameter
E
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Dimension of chair
base
X
C
C
D
Length of
support tube
S
Cone II
Iength
K
Cone II
angIe
W
ReIease pin
projection
P
Force
F1
Ref.-No
o mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm N
50 815 3285 257 715 464 175 715 12616 65 400 0915 AR
965 3565 285 715 464 178 715 12616 65 350 9207 CG
1115 4015 330 715 464 192 715 12616 65 350 9213 CU
1265 4365 365 715 464 234 715 12616 65 300 971510
1355 4355 364 715 464 219 715 12616 65 350 9218 CW
3+& 89
4
extended compressed
Cushioning comfortable cushioning
normal cushioning
Cushioning diagram
34
1
P
1o 26 16
p1

2
6

( X)
B
p3
A
S
C
K

D
W
9
SW 8
P
2
8
0
5
0
2
Outer tube
diameter
E
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Dimension
of chair
base
X
C
C
D
Length of
support
tube
S
Cone II
Iength
K
Cone II
angIe
W
ReIease
pin pro-
jection
P
Screw
adjustabIe
Gas
spring
repIa-
ceabIe
Force
F1
Ref.-No
50 1025 353 258 95 4675 1965 65 12616 6 300 8952 LF
1175 3905 3045 86 4675 2195 65 12616 6 310 5931 CB
1225 415 350 65 4675 2345 65 12616 6 300 8734 LV
1255 427 362 65 4675 2375 65 12616 6 9 330 8955 LR
1325 417 327 90 4675 2325 65 12616 55 9 350 670596
90 3+&
34
1
1o 26 16
p1

2
6
( X)
B
p3
A
S
C
K

D
W
10

2
8
0
5
0
2
Outer tube
diameter
E
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Dimension of chair
base
X
C
C
D
Length of support
tube
S
Cone II
Iength
K
Cone II
angIe
W
Force
F1
Ref.-No
o mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm N
50 135 419 296 123 445 2395 55 12616 300 3694PQ
A
26 85
18
4
M

5
o
5
1
SW 6
Length of bowden-wire
A
Ref.-No
mm
200 0345BH
300 878189
400 7605AV
500 0346BC
600 0347BY
3+& 91
4
34
1
P
1o 26 16
p1

2
6

( X)
B
p3
A
S
C
K
2
8
0
5

D
W
0
2
15
Outer tube
diameter
E
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Dimension of
chair base
X
C
C
D
Length of
support tube
S
Cone II
Iength
K
Cone II
angIe
W
ReIease pin
projection
P
Force
F1
Ref.-No
50 675 337 222 115 4675 2225 65 12616 65 300 3693 W
675 344 249 95 4675 2225 65 12616 65 400 2026 LG
1045 397 322 75 4675 2475 65 12616 65 300 1149 GA
92 3+&
Maxim overtorque : 50 Nm
34
1
P
1o 26 16
p1

2
6

( X)
B
p3
A
S
C
K

D
W
9
SW 8
P
2
8
0
5
0
2
Outer tube
diameter
E
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Dimension of
chair base
X
C
C
Length of
support
tube
S
Cone II angIe
W
ReIease pin
projection
P
Scren
adjustabIe
Force
F1
CoIour of
support
tube
Ref.-No
o mm mm mm mm mm mm mm N
50 1355 4165 3515 65 2375 12616 6 300 laque noir 2091 HF
1655 5055 4405 65 2865 12616 7 9 300 chrome mat 0717 HR
2015 5655 5005 65 3225 12616 6 300 laque noir 6296 HP
3+& 93
4
STAB-Spec.10005593
Standard noignt ad|u tmont

Hoignt ad|u tmont witn top unotion
34
1
P
1o 26 16
p1

2
6

( X)
B
p3
A
S
C
K

D
W
5
2
8
0
5
0
2
30
4
0
Outer tube
diameter
E
Stroke
A
Extended
Iength
B
Dimension of
chair base
X
C
C
D
Length of
support
tube
S
Cone II
Iength
K
Cone II
angIe
W
ReIease pin
projection
P
Range
2
Force
F1
Ref.-No
50 175 4950 3920 103 4675 2575 65 12616 6 4950 3980 350 4484 NJ
188 5265 4465 80 4675 2665 65 12616 6 5265 4810 350 0289 PW
208 5580 4830 85 4675 2815 65 12616 6 5580 4380 350 4327 NK
220 5800 4770 103 4675 2935 65 12616 6 5800 4600 350 1826 NE
94 3+&
in chairs only lateral assembly allowed
Protection against thread loosering
Recommended tightening torque: 10 Nm
for release pin length 65
1
suitable for swivelchair with
according to DIN 4551
ReIease mechanisme for height adjustment
Accessories
Release head o 28x34 G 09 K2 Cone Release lever
q b220 mm
p b 340 mm
5
5
7
5
5
4
75
54
A
Lenght of reIease Iever
A
ReIease head Ref.-No
mm
Ca 171 without levier 0119 PR
incl levier 7617 PR
Ca 221 without levier 0119 PR
incl levier 7616 PW
3+& 95
4
PIastic bush bIack
3x45o
2
7
A
100
45
Diameter of guide bush
A
Outer tube diameter
B
Ref.-No
mm mm
34,2 38 044881
36,2 40 195626
42,2 45 022861
46,2 50 560405
Accessories
3+&
TaohnIoaI raquIramanIs
= kxIs oI roIaIIon F = waIghI Ioroa Fh = ManuaI Ioroa Ior opanIng and oIosIng
8IarI angIa (dagraas)
panIng angIa
(dagraas)
mIn.
max.
8aarIng radIus
mm
ManuaI Ioroa radIus
h mm
waIghI Ioroa F h
wIdIh oI Iha movIng
saoIIon mm
h oI gas sprIngs
ntended ellect. Start ol oeninq by manual action yes no
0eninq between
O
and
1
by manual action yes no
holdinq in osition by qas srinqs yes no
Max. manual lorce requested (in hewton)
workinq temerature.
lrom_________________ to ______________ C
Tye ol connection. eyelets ball joints
Free sace lor mountinq. unrestricted lootrint constraints (attach dimensional diaqram)
Comulsory connection oints. Fla F1 X = ______________________________ Y =_________________________________
Frame F2 X = _______________________________ Y =_________________________________
k8 8FIh8
TaohnIoaI raquIramanIs and MounIIng proposaI
Fro|aoI h
hame. __________________________________________ Comany. ____________________________________________
Address. _______________________________________________________________________________________________
Telehone. ______________________________________ Fax. _________________________________________________
Alication. ____________________________________________________________________________________________
0uantity ol srinqs required. ________________________ l recurrent, annual requirement. __________________________
MhTIh FF8kL
6onnaoIIon poInIs In oIosad posIIIon (aI o)
written by _______________________________
Siqnature ________________________________
0uantity requested available?
yes no
Bimension X (mm) Bimension Y (mm)
Fla F1
Frame F2
Relerence Rod (mm) Stroke (mm) Force (h) Connections 0uantity
0en Close hoIa. The results communicated are valid lor the use ol STABLuS
qas srinqs, they do not take account ol mountinq tolerances or
lriction at the joints.
Manual lorce (h) min. _________ min. _________
max. _________ max. _________
ur IaohnIoaI daIa shaaI Is aIso avaIIabIa on IIna on our Wab sIIa www.linearmotion.skl.com
3+&
Contacts
France
SKF Equipements
Phone : 33 (0) 1 30 12 73 00
Eax : 33 (0) 1 30 12 69 09
equipements.IranceskI.com
Nordic area
SKF Multitec Sweden
Phone : 46 42 25 35 00
Eax : 46 42 25 35 45
Sales OIIice Norway
Phone : 47 22 90 50 00
Eax : 47 22 30 28 14
multitec.nordicskI.com
United Kingdom
SKF Engineering Products Ltd.
Phone : 44 (0) 1582 496795
Eax : 44 (0) 1582 496574
skI.eplskI.com
www.linearmotion.skf.com
3+&
.OTES
General Other products
SKF Group
The SKF Group is an international
industrial corporation owned by SKF
Sweden AB. Founded in 1907, the
company has some 39 000 employ-
ees, 80 manufacturing sites and a
sales network via its own sales com-
panies, distributors and dealers cover-
ing 150 countries around the world.
SKF is the world leader in the rolling
bearing business.
SKF Linear Motion
SKF Linear Motion belongs to the
SKF Group and is specialised in the
manufacturing and sales of a wide
range of high precision components,
units and systems for linear move-
ments, providing solutions for guiding,
driving, actuation and positioning
tasks. In addition, SKF Linear Motion
also offers a large assortment of pro-
ducts which are in synergy to the line-
ar motion range and are providing
complete solutions for applications.
SKF Linear Motion comprises 4 pro-
duct lines with 10 specialised sales
companies in Europe and North
America; additionally, product availabi-
lity and product application support is
provided worldwide by the internatio-
nal sales network of the SKF Group.
A complete range from a single source for all
linear motion functions.
Guiding Driving
Actuation Positioning
Furniture gas springs. Gas springs for comfortable table height
adjustment.
Stainless steel gas springs. Stab-O-Focs for opening and clo-
sing system.
2 SKF SKF 99
Stabilus gas springs
Copyright SKF 2004

The contents of this publication are the
copyright of the publisher and may not
be reproduced (even extracts) unless
permission is granted. Every care has
been taken to ensure the accuracy of
the information contained in this publi-
cation but no liability can be accepted
for any loss or damage whether direct,
indirect or consequential arising out of
the use of the information contained
herein.
Previous catalogues, in which the data
deviate from those given here, are
rendered invalid. The right is reserved
to make changes necessitated by
technological developments.
Catalogue 5507 E
June 2004
Printed in France
SKF is a registered trademark
of SKF AB, Sweden.
The gas springs are developed and produced in Germany by STABILUS GmbH.
Linear Motion

Gas Spring Stabilus-SKF

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Gas Spring Stabilus-SKF

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Formati disponibili

Stabilus gas springs

Copyright SKF 2004

gas spring is primarily intended as an force element

locking gas spring fulfls the same tasks as the

; however, the BLOC-O-LFT

additionally allows infni-

are the back

locking gas springs are used to ad-

is the standard type of the STABLUS gas springs. ts

gas spring in a diagram.

, structure and spring characteristic curve

is used mainly to counterbalance weight. The exten-

Seal and Guide Element

seaI and guide eIement

Gas Spring with Hydraulic and Dynamic

with hydrauIic damping

with hydraulic damping takes advantage of the fow

with hydrauIic damping

with hydrauIic damping

with hydraulic damping can

with dynamic damping

with a Decreasing or Progressive Spring

with progressive and decreasing spring characteris-

with End Position Locking

can lock the application. A typical application example are

can be used to open

with externaI and internaI end position Iocking

compresses in a damped manner. A sticker on the

is a friction element integrated

gas spring (Fig

gas spring were to

ensures automatic opening or closing of the

Just like the REB-LFT-O-MAT

provides force sup-

features a pressure valve on the back of the piston.

with "hoId, sink, and faII range

is selected so that the piston

, the holding func-

with hydraulic damping is combined with

. Equipped with a sliding contact at the piston, plas-

Holding range Pange l

gas spring, such as adjustment and damping, locking

The theoretical principle of the BLOC-O-LFT

gas spring was explai-

acts like a LFT-O-MAT

gas spring and provides

gas spring is locked. This way, BLOC-O-LFT

spring characteristic curve shown in

with different diameters of the nozzle bore in

, structure, vaIve function, and spring characteris-

standard and short actuation

gas springs. When rigid locking is chosen, the locking di-

gas spring. Because the flling gas can be com-

, spring-Iocking with doubIe seaI

gas spring is installed with the piston rod pointing

, Position-independent, Rigid Locking

gas springs are used. n this

is equipped with a separating piston that separa-

, position-independent, rigid Iocking in extension or

is rigidly locked in this adjustment

, Position-Dependent, Rigid Locking

, position-specihc, rigid Iocking in extension or

, the piston rod will