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7
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ocsswrt

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C - E.r,^ -r b
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---

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Ire,,,

rt

IU6'

-- fS
11
-.

..: .....
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il
';.::....
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.....

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u<T.~....,'
...

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20
2a

I ~I ~ ~~~~
I
I. ,

'i. '~~

;crI-

-1

- - -- - - - - . . - .

. ... . . ...

..:. ...1'
. ........
.,; ......:!-;'"' ....::.''..

I ':'

';, : :.

I. '
I:1
'
I:'~' ". ,ii:::i"'; . i :::':I'
.......
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: . . . .

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"

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: .........
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r

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,;' , . ,,

....

~0
1.2

0.2

04

O.+

48t

Vet
fibc ConJollhdaoAsfrt

IT I(kg/cmi)

CoJod/aloloh
Zn
" Fro*r,M/ A&rArtc/ Sku AP
TfIrtio/

A4ppcrQAlus A/#

4117djuried

Sal

Clqy

/-o
-,o Copnsf

Of

Adapted from:

LOAD CELL

160

St. Hilaire Clay

Hil - 2
Hil - 1
Hil - 3

Slope = KoNC
Slope = Kop =0.55

h' , kPa

120
' = 83kPa
vo

80

p' = 129kPa

40

Figures by MIT OCW.

Slope = dh' /v' = Kr

0
0

40

80

120
v' , kPa

160

200

240

Specimens HIL-1 and HIL-2 subjected to laterally constrained (LC) compression

from s' , and specimen HIL-3 subjected to LC compression after consolidation
under equal all around pressure to point a.

CC 3/f/A
_ _

/,322

3/s/9-

I-a~a

I)

rold/,?l

ko

Jody (144) F,>wpcbl Corrc/lobo:

>
\1 / o/-sn)

Z/-S,

OX

R
0,66

Ko

_I

217

2,4 Iorm11y

3/_

0,50

30

-- __
( ,

__ ~40

0, 3

Ivo"E.

n,

000

-/oj

I
;ill,, Is

'CY

1/3-4

Aroft O's,
"IT

2)

Tokyo

50oP (p 4 )

.
.

'

O, #to,

./-3,n8'

- OSOlo.I

-s

,of 5ood
/sgood

F/g 30

c /yS

= 0 .4s-0,7
u / ha y (/982)

Inynq

3)

SClns
cZQYS

2,;

(t

GEID G67

/o,988
/z-

-C/--

si

(r 2-o.3)

,59875,j ' (r

0, 73)

Ao

\9varcon/oc//cd

rtnd-s : Clays -U,9D/G

I) Gero/

/Goho
koNJ
v,;OcR

/
aCK
IF9#/I,
/ / pB

/ded

Cl/4sC

Reeoldec C/*4

Dcvr I

/Oj ar

1/a9 ,o6

/'

Z.0

K,

/10K

1,0

(ocg)"

' dcrqsu u x /ncr. p

..5

Xr-1/4l

/0o

OCR

A
I

27

52 (pv)

0,4 t0,05os

kyo So4

/.32

CcL 2lq

,j3o4
Aq4~

3Z

%U
i (-:

'I

oce -
Nofl.t Br~ocr
Ce/'ot,'

//r /od
/,,?

do/e.

7tMelr'

tY VSus

OCR. FO

S0/AS OF VATV'1/G
A44571C/rY

/Y?3) &F/A1h4ks
A&' L/nQdd

,e"-j

'--

Symbol
0.7
Ko= (1-sin ')

0.6 +_ 0.05
Ko

Remolded

Reference

Undisturbed

Reference

AI Hussaini &
Townsend (1975)

Brooker & Ireland (1965)

R. Ladd (1965)

Sherif et al. (1974)

Bishop (1958)
Simons (1958)
Campanella & Vaid (1972)
Compiled by Wroth (1972)
Geot. Eng. Inc. (1976)

0.5
0.4

Abdelhamid & Krizek (1976)

0.3
20

24

28

32

36

40

44

_ 0.05
+

48

0.8

Friction Angle, ' (Degrees)

Relationship between Ko and Friction Angle for Normally Consolidated Sands.
3.0

12

5
' / v'
OCR = vm

Ko

Ave. for Sands from top

figure of previous page

Effect of Overconsolidation Ratio on Ko of Reid-Bedford Sand.

28

32

36

0.6
0.4

24

0.8

mn

1.0

20

Friction Angle, ' (Degrees)

(m = 0.4)
Dr = 25%
Ko(NC) = 0.55

1.5

16

Dr = 100%
Ko(NC) = 0.43

Ko(OC)
= (OCR)m
Ko(NC)

2.0

0.6
0.4

Subangular to subrounded sand

D50 = 0.125 mm Cu = 1.5
(m = 0.6)
' = 11.3 kg/cm2
Data for vm

2.5
Ko(OC) / Ko (NC)

Ko

_ 0.05
Ko = (1 -sin ') +

20

40

60

80

b
100

120

Plasticity Index, PI (%)

Ko of Normally Consolidated Clays vs. Friction Angle (a) and Plasticity Index (b).

Figure by MIT OCW.

Figure by MIT OCW.

Adapted from:

Remolded

Undisturbed

Reference
Brooker & Ireland (1965)
R. Ladd (1965)
Bishop (1958)
Simons (1958)

1.6
1.4

Unloading

1.2
Ko

0.8

Abdelhamid & Krizek (1976)

Note: m for OCR < 10

0.6

1.0

0.8
Reloading
from OCR = 10

0.6
0.4

Campanella & Vaid (1972)

Compiled by Wroth (1972)
Geot. Eng. Inc. (1976)

8 10

mn
20

' / vc
'
OCR = vm
Ko vs. OCR for Haney Sensitive Clay During Unloading and
Reloading.

Figure by MIT OCW.

Adapted from:

0.4
0.2
0

Ko(OC)/Ko(NC) = OCRm
0

40
60
80 100 120
20
Plasticity Index, PI (%)

Coefficient m Relating Ko and OCR vs. Plasticity Index.

Figure by MIT OCW.

Adapted from:

Clays from the literature

Soft clays from this study (Table 1)

0.8
0.7

The Jaky Equation

Kop = 1 - sin '

0.6
Kop

' NC
6

0.5

2
1 4a
4b

9 3a

Mexico City Clay

Diaz-Rodriguez
et al. (1992)

3b

0.4
a

0.3
0.2
Kop =
Ko(NC)

20

16

0.8

28
32
', degrees

36

40

44

Loose Sands

The Jaky Equation

'
Kop = 1 - sincv

0.7
Kop

24

The Terzaghi (1920)

Data point

0.6

0.5 +
- 0.1

0.5
0.4
0.3

0.2
20

24

28

32

36

40

44

' , degrees
cv
' . Vertical lines
(a) Data on Kop of clays. (b) Data on Kop of loose sands for which ' = cv
indicate values of 'cv for granular soils assembled by Stroud (1988). Open symbols indicate Kop
determined during increase in v' ; closed symbols indicate Kop determined during decrease in
v' at h' /v' = 1.

200
St. Alban Clay

1.7
1.6

160

1.5
h' , kPa

120

1.4
33 days {

80

' = 33 kPa
vo

1.3

p' = 80 kPa

1.2

40

0
0

1.1

s'
40

80

120
160
v' , kPa

200

240

1.0
280

Laterally constrained secondary compression and associated increase

in h' in triaxial cell.

Figures by MIT OCW.

Adapted from:

/IR - -

-Gi

5091

Jl

T In
/

/ ?,pp

CC1 3141,q9

4,

1.~ 2/97

,4yr.

2)

k/hwy, (

$,,/oo,
JIwy
:
,N

C/ys (ns82): no.ol 8*o,974?J/'(ro

o,')

=: - ko &C

' aSu ( /oT: q0.929-0.sz2 KoC , (r2.,Sz)

0, 077+o. 0o.50,n1
O

.. n7 sop l

- ( -S/A O (Oa)

st 0 1

1-1

...

MOO

no

/m/nj Y/e of 4,

3)

/ ,(2c:/-

os

)-00,Y/ ton'l a

,s/o/

ay

"If

W)0

@eh

non

"i7

xx
Il 2

'AI

qI

ro~
e

4) R/cdng.Q

U/-n/oach
g - /4esrs

rk2y
s(p) tg,9
0 SOk

5/snd

,g. 3/

Clay

,E/A of

r, ,(,fCy

-~y-

Uh/Q2/ny e p tio
4-,tilo,,i

ko

/og Ocf

' may4e t/'ul/w(82):

' eot
0
*fcri r

(zOCR

p4yoQt(/t?3) ko

/S.ecgt$J,^
^vo

- ,.' f

, kei,, max.Oc

O75(/ - oce )

Ao4 1

('o

a;~~0,

( -L, Z2

A,A _
-

------

3/S1/9

24

Xnn

T //fAtr

32e

CCt
/4/i9
t.f.Li-.LLUL

6/

tk7

Sacodary

LLfjof

ODD
000

CpTressooo o

k0

A hoppe A1 k1
C c/s
/0y90?)
0 of 4A/6
h9CnS

Wha

>i ?

C/c-$yd-n'l

4,

nnn

5O
..
-

-I
Oehc%

o
~00

_><>

rl

tQ:

c7h /ncr -, k In'

i
--

>Se

Conf

Cr

decr.

1( dr.

?,

q-yre
~

7'f

lnc s

: Tpb/I/t4L CELL /D2

LSul/,s

( K/qzaj'rIon YA?/iCA(/s?4)(6EASCE//i(4)
(A)

7/s

tL

(C) 14s 7 Cso/

aM " Ale(ri,
/
r.. - -

*-

(Q) ) /NC 5687

//ypo4t5/Qt
)

A/Cl
A
hyoft/sj

y4

IL02Ot

//(3)

-,

Fiys 6 ?

4Keo/L h/ e

*00.02

C0 / kvis 9Zdopc, imt.r

,7h/c/ F.
4; /Icr. t

I/n1crs a 9s/o'
s t

(oCRe)
0JM
c(e

A4

b~ P'?,

///f

) Cc. -G%- /)
1A
- -y,

sees

/(18(p)

(ro 7) 6E , AsfC

1 / 99

**. ,

CUrt

76

(o ,
~

:(ftAr
Erz

--

/, 32 p
/32P

Co I3/d/Q
d q
(~_IIY

3'5/19.

/Q4/C
C5 f, (/1e z6 4: OEDO

3)

(k) 7an1 C/ovs~k

trsf

CEL Da,4

f a/ (/e5s

() hMo/3e/fc (a ) 6 4
zdomScr

'.

---

rerd

aAo bo

(i)

,,

000

4itcisrtlcd c/y oc-le

pO9 F?. 2

fA /I) f

,/

sI.
oz
~ono

(-) ? da/i//&e olded clays oCe=/

OO

30A5

pD? A~ 2r

4)

C
rX

L Ke,/110 t

C/,o

ermI
z oPi
-,

w,

..~

Oyno

irX: lc/ncto//aft
~/ern
"

Week"

tI

J.

O,
c

69pne
I

qC,
4o/)
(t.#n~erd4)4-

"-

(pEr

i'/rTO' C// aca.e

aoy.,

/oe

sg. OCad:
0o0 o.d (p
6)

Cun cu4o"

):

, ' (//9)

7 4 o,002

sWt4

me

A4

Test
Test
Test

0.6

R-BM-AC-1 (Lacerda)
R-BM-AC-2 R-BM-AC-2
KC-3
KC-3

TX: San Francisco Bay Mud

Ko

0.55

Figure by MIT OCW. Adapted from:

x 0.001 x

0.5

3.5

4
LOG-Time (minutes)

Comparison of Long-Term Ko Test Results

20
10

Strain Difference

4.5

-10

Secondary Compression

0
10

-10
-20

2.5
3
LOG Time

3.5
4
LOG.Minutes

4.5

Strain Difference o - v vs. LOG-Time-Test KC-3

2.0

0.6

Void Ratio

Ko

0.7

Saint Alban Clay

v' /p' = 1.13

1.8
1.6
1.4
10

'v, kPa 100

v - l, %

0.5
0.04
0
0.04

u,' kPa

1.0
0.5
0
1

0.2

10

Time, minutes x 104

Ko

0.7

Batiscan Clay
v' /p' = 1.12

Broadback Clay
v' /p' = 1.12

0.6

Atchafalaya Clay
v' /p' = 1.07

v - l, %

0.5
0.04
0
0.04

Figure by MIT OCW. Adapted from:

u,' kPa

1.0
0.5
0
2

10

20 0.7

10

0.5

Time, minutes x 104

Observed Behavior of Ko during Secondary Compression

10

0.8

1.7
OCR =10
1.6
Panigaglia Clay

0.6

1.5

0.5

Soil B

0.3

Soil A

0.3

100

1000

OCR =1
1.4
OCR =1
(T= 13.0 +- 0.1oC) 1.3

Ko at OCR = 10

Ko at OCR = 1.0

0.7

1.2
100000

10000

LOG Time (min)

Soil
Panigaglia Clay
WL= 65%, Ip = 40%, CT1/CR = 0.08 +- 0.01
At OCR = 1

At OCR = 10

' = 1000 kPa

vc
T = 19.8 +- 0.5oC

' = 475 kPa

vc
T = 21.5 +- 0.5oC

Soil

Undisturbed
WL= 138%, Ip = 78%
' = 50 kPa
vc
Remolded

WL= 56%, Ip = 32%

' = 390 kPa
vc
Remolded

WL= 84%, Ip = 30%

' = 245 kPa
vc

TUT

Undisturbed

WL= 56%, Ip = 17%

' = 390 kPa
vc
MIT

Coefficient of Earth Pressure at Rest vs. Time for Undisturbed and Remoulded Clay

Figure by MIT OCW.

Adapted from:
0

Vertical Strain, v (%)

10

One-Dimensional Stress-Strain
History of Special Ko Test

Initial loading
Reloading

20

1 month

30

Ip = 54%
WL = 74%
WN = 47%

Block Sample
10

1000

100

10000

Temperature (oC)

' (kPa)
Vertical effective consolidation stress, vc
24
22
20
18

Ko

0.8

4 cycles after tp = 6 min

0.6
0.4
0.2

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

Time (minutes)
Ko and Temperature vs. Time for Undisturbed Montalto di Castro Clay

Figure by MIT OCW.

Adapted from:

v'
ep

tp
t

EOP e-log v'

-log Kop
Kop = Ko(NC)
EOP e-log h'

log '
Soil Behavior Assumed in Formulation of ep, void ratio at the end
of primary consolidation.
CCL questions:
Really high C/Cc=0.055
Clays with
organic content

Ko/logt, Computed = Eq. 7

0.10

0.08

4a

6
4b

0.06
1

0.04

3a
3a

0.02

Triaxial Oedometer

3a

2 2
3b

0.02

7
3a

Present Study
From Literature

B (Table 1)

3a

0.04
0.06
0.08
Ko/logt, Measured

0.10

Measured and computed increase in Ko during secondary compression in the NC

compression range. Numbers refer to clays listed in Table 1.

Figure by MIT OCW.

CCt 2//-/q7
fi

-/{--

/n

/./.

S3.ET'h/TlOJ
3,/

/,3 2

lv

OF I/vNtrU

OcM 'd,

on
0r

F9RoA 4AL rFJ/Aw-

V-Ac/ s /4zrozo14/
spcvs
! I.

'n

I -

I -'
- I

no

I't C

ct

Vtrhaal

I' 14M O

CLA
-, .A,.z1
d

3) C4%)

*l i* -,-. h

gew,
#) 1 a

# *'L

c,

Ck

Ck-,-

3,2
. YIU
S/C
.L

afpS
3z; r

/,
/ I,

|~~~

Pc/

3/g. /. 22
__

27/qc

fsri/
, CQsro (187) z6e
ttm.ri

#4y 0

(f11t3)

it- be4rrt

SCE1/3(3)

(/97?)

CGI

1'?tmod6

coo-a

A)rDnnRe&ownprssson

jSw t et

/)

//

_ _~~~~~~1

/t

3s

33 4

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Hydraulic
engine

Pressure
gauge

Reinforced Rubber Membrane

L ~ 26.4 or 52.8 cm

Slim pilot
hole

Injection of water for membrane expansion

Self Boring in stiff soils

Measurement cell

Dia = 13.2 cm
L/p = 2 or 4

Cutting Tool

Tool

Cutting
edge Guard

Self boring in soft soils

Drawing of the autoforeure presuremeter (supplied by F. Schlosser).

SBP Type Pafsor

Figure by MIT OCW.

Adapted from:

(*) Diameter = 8.4 cm

Rod Weight = 90 N/m

0.4

d
Cutter
Cutting
Shoe

0.2
0

0.2

0.6

0.6
0.4
0.3

2.5
1.5
1.0

0.8

cu/'vo= 4.0

Ground Water Level/Depth

1.0

50

100
150
200
Cutter Setting d (mm)

250

Figure by MIT OCW.

16 kN/m3
20 kN/m3

Cutter Setting for Clays, Applicable to

Camkometer Type MK III*

Flushing Water
Slurried water and soil
Cable and Gas
Pressure Tube

Gas Return Line

Spring
Rubber Membrane
Feeler

Pore Pressure Cell

Fine Thread

Clamp

Camkometer

Figure by MIT OCW.

In soft clay at the

Panigaglia site

Radial Pressure TP (mv)

Depth = 7.5m
Below Sea Bottom
= 2mv
TP: 1mv = 7kPa
ST: 1mv = 0.0189mm

Radial Displacement ST (mv)

In hard clay at the

Taranto site

A RM

Depth = 7.9m
= 5mv
TP: 1mv = 7.3kPa
ST: 1mv = 0.0169mm

Aver
a

ge

ST

Radial Pressure TP (mv)

AR

ARM 2

EXAMPLE OF LIFT-OFF
STRESS

Radial Displacement ST (mv)

Figure by MIT OCW.

100
Best fit

Total Pressure TP(mv)

80
60

po for Best
Fit Line

po for 45oline

40
20
0
-400

-200
0
Effective Pressure EP (mv)

po Determined from Total vs. Effective Pressure Plot

Figure by MIT OCW.

Adapted from:

20

}}p' from Oedometer Tests

IL Oedometer

in
16

12

Hard to very hard

micro-fissured
silty clay (*)

16

Overconsolidation Ratio
30
40
50
20

ma

12

Stiff to hard micro-fissured

weathered silty clay (*)

10

Rm

Fine to medium
calcareous silty band
occasionally cemented

OC

OC

Depth Below G.L. (m)

G.W.L.

CRS Oedometer

20

(*) High CaCO3 Content. Ranging from 15% to 30%

(**) From Instrumented Oedometer Tests:
NC
RB
K = K . (OCR) with K = 0.58 and = 0.47
o

Total In Situ Horizontal Stress

0

0.40 0.80 1.20 ho(MPa)

Rankine
passive state

e of
NC

(OC
R)

16

k om

12

Rang

Po = Lift - off pressure

Average of three strain arms
Po
Range for each strain arms read
individually

20

Total In Situ Horizontal Stress

at the Taranto Site as Measured
During SBP Tests.

_
' .kp + 2c kp+uo
ho = vo
(**)

' ko (OCRmin) + uo
ho = vo
NC

Figure by MIT OCW.

Adapted from:

Total horizontal stress and hydrostatic pore pressure

Uo; h (kPa)
0
100 200 300 400 500
0

Pafsor L/D = 2 po = 1.051 + 0.117*

Pafsor L/D = 4 ho
p
Camkometer: o = 1.017 + 0.059**
ho

Depth Below G.L. (m)

Best estimate
of ho

12
16
20
24

Uo
Ko=0.56

28
32

Ko=0.48

(*) Tests performed in 1979

(**)Tests performed in 1982 average of three
strain arms readings
Total Horizontal Stress as Obtained from SBPT at the Porto
Tolle Site.

Figure by MIT OCW.

Adapted from:

,4ry

;~a /,?22

IY

r----

/lroduton

---

r---

---

11

L 3ct's

Q-

V-?

44

I-

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5.

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U.

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Materials Free of
Cementation, Attraction etc.

In Situ Ko

1.5
1
0.8

Ko = (KD/1.5)0.47- 0.5

0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
1

1.5

50
40
30

4 5 6 7 8 910
KD

b
.58
.55

20
.94

OCR = vm/v

10

15 20

.59
.64

30

Materials Free of Cementation,

Attraction etc. In sample unloading.

1.19

.9

5
4
3

OCR = (0.5 KD
(Denotes ID)
.2 to .3

Figure by MIT OCW.

Cohesionless (ID > 2)

Cohesive (ID < 1.2)

)2.56

5.5
.25
5.2

3 4 5

Adapted from:

KD

10

20 30

Correlation between
(a) Ko and KD; (b) OCR and KD

Type

Coefficient of Earth Pressure at Rest, Ko

3
Ko =

(Ko)0.47
- 0.6
1.5

(? crust)

1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6

=0

.54

Ko= 0.34KD
(? crust)

0.5
Holmen silty
sand

0.4 Holmen sand

0.3

Symbol

3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Horizontal Stress Index, KD

Site

Reference Ko

Halmen

1-sin' (' in CADC)

20

Drammen Stress Cells

Drammen Ko - oedometer
Haga
Haga
Field vane
Onsay
Holmen
Haga
Onsay
Onsay

Self-boring
pressuremeter
Hydraulic Fracturing

Relationship between
horizontal stress
index, KD, and coefficient
of earth pressure at rest
at NGI sites.

Figure by MIT OCW.

Adapted from:

FACINS NORTH
LOCATIONsD-9 -: BLADE RIENTATEDEAST-NESTMEMBRANE

/.322 .,

CALIBRATIONINFORMATIONt
DELTAA ' .20- BARS DELTA

IAR

TIUST

ED

UO

KD

ID

(BAR).. (BAR) (BAR)

(KS)
i*l

GUt DEPTH"I.00 N

t*

GAHMA SV

PC

OCR

KO

CU.

HH'**

1*44t **f#

1.000 T/KS

(BAR) (TINS) (BAR) ' (BAR)

0tti tit

. ANALYS15USES H20 UNIT EIST

TSF 14.51 PSI

I bAR ' 1.019 K6/CMI2L:i.0

.20 BARS

ANALYSISUSESH2 UNIT EIT

PSI

.1

1.019

.
.45 BARS AGE0'

'

*
Z

,
DR. CHARLESLADD, MARVINOOSTERIAAN,ALFRED YERS, JEFF GOODIIN,6ARYCLIFFORD;

BYi

3/8,

(t)

- DATE:i 24 FEBRUARY
1987
PERFORMED

.500

N
(BARI

*t*tt it4l

I*4*i

SOIL TYPE

t*f*i*Ht*H

1.47

30.6

674.7

SANDYSILT

5.52

1.15

27.7

270.7

SANDYSILT

4.19

7.03

1.46

159.2

SILTY CLAY

.644.

4.50

6.99

1.14

375.1

SANDYSILT

148,2

SILT

8.31

5.70 14.00

279.

1.75

9.20

.717

8.92

4.20

8.60

137.

1.22

5.90

.777 1.800

.546

3.02

9.53

5.10

7.80

75.

.52

6.98

.937 1.800

.596

18B.. 1.41

5.97

.897 1.800

1.800

PHI

IBAR) (DE)'

11.33 22.67

.626
28.3

10.14'

5.00 10.80

10.75

3.70

7.00

97.

1.07

3.79

.957

1.700

.689

1.87

2.71

.95

11.36

4.80

11.80

231.

1.92

4.71

1.017

1.900

.736

6.07

8.24

.96

29.3

414.7

SILTY SAND

11.97

6.80

15.80

304.

1.65

6.70

1.077 1.950

.792

9.04 11.41

1.20

29.4

644.1

SANDYSILT

12.58

0.60

20.00

392.

1.63

0.16

1.136

1.950

.849 13.29 15.66

1.36

29.9

902.9

SANDYSILT

13.19

5.50

7.80

60.

.41

4.68

1.196

1.800

.901

3.40

3.77

i.11 .. 574

13.80

5.40

7.20

42.

.30

4.32

1.256

1.700

.946

3.14

3.32

1.04

.545

68.7

CLAY

14.41

5.80

7.80

49.

.32

4.47

1.316

1.700

.98B

3.46

3.51

1.07

.594

82.4

CLAY

15.02

5.80

7.50

38.

.25

4.25

1.376 1.700 1.030

3.33

3.24

1.03

.590

62.0

CLAY

15.63

5.80

7.50

38.

.26

4.02

1.436

1.700

1.072

3.19

2.98

.99

.565

59.9

CLAY

16.24.,

6.00

7.60

35. '.22

4.00

1.496

1.700

1.114

3.29

2.25

.99

.583

54.0

CLAY

TESTNO. D-9

P ./,os (A-z

PAGE

(CONTINUED)

z
4) -o.os (S-o.o

)/_Tp (U-Ppo'-goi)

-S

8)

7yITpci4

-0.476

p ~(PotPo/
oce .:( kD)
->

103.6 SILTY CLAY

Coo

o.22

(OCR)

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so
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3i

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11

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I
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9.901

:a

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3....

2...

-D CONSOLIDATION
(LG06ARITHMIC
SCALE)

X-MODULUS FOR

.......--...-I

S.8011

9.2011

0....1 ....

4----t------------ .

8.10

9.00It

$PRECONSOLIDATION
PRESSURE (PC) - BARS

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200 ..500+
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#-VERTICALEFFECTIVE
STRESS SVI - BARS

(CONTINUED)

PA6E 3

/.322
CCL 3/97

3s

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SHEAR
DEPTH

STRENGTH (CU) - BARS

&'PRECONSOLIDATION
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0.1....2

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20 . . 50.;..100 200. .500+

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Alei '4 #v.tIw *1

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Jetting Mud
Standard drilling rod

SBPT DATA IN

Jetting tip height adjustment

& flow barrier

BBC from CAIT

Special test program

Slurry Discharge

Discharge fort

Perforated pipe

Clamp
Chinese Lantern L = 25.5"
Rubber membrane (L/D = 6) L= 19.4"
U

5.0"
M

5.0"
Slurry
L
Return

25.7"
16.0'

Membrane + Chinese
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18.0"

Clamp
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ID = 0.5"
OD = 0.8"

0.50 + 0.25"
Iner.distance with depth

Sketch of the Jetting pressure meter (Adapted from Hughes, Jefferies

and Morris, 1984)

Figure by MIT OCW.

,,

CCL

2/28/93

el!Sq,

C/prsrip &4n
B/.

322

.~c

C/y

CENTRAL ARTERY (I-93)/THIRD

HARBOR TUNNEL (-90)
SELF-BORING PRESSUREMETER TESTING
TOTAL HORIZONTAL STRESS

I
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{n
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Total Horizontal Stress (psf)

"(orotcd'
I

Figure 6: ,Total Horizontal Stresses from Self-Boring Pressuremeter Tests

(Fron VH f nal Rlpon' ~ttt,

I

22

i6/1)

22Sr5TP-2

ect 8/q/

12/132 /322

Ch/rr S5rp OOS76O&C Uev

CENTRAL ARTERY (I-93)/THIRD

(I-90)

HARBOR TUNNEL

SELF-BORING PRESSUREMETER TESTING

COEFFICIENT

sn

OF EARTH PRESSURE AT-REST

Borehole SB2-PMT C4AKM R6 (jih/lcl ,n; 33

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1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
Coefficient of Earth Pressure At-Rest. (Ko)

Figure 7: Coefficents of Earth Pressure At-Rest

25

r.

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I r-.-

3.0

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