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  • Grammar Workbook For The TOEFL Exam by Laurie Wellman Mary Kurtin

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    Grammar Workbook for the TOEFL Exam by Laurie Wellman Mary Kurtin

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    Grammar Workbook For The TOEFL Exam by Laurie Wellman Mary Kurtin

    Caricato da

    Teresita Betty Camilli

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Scarica in formato PDF o leggi online su Scribd
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    ARCO® ‘The Leader in Test Preparation for Over 60 Years Puyius L. Lim Mary Kurtin Laurie WELLMAN, EpiToR Grammar Workbook Intensive, targeted practice you need to raise your scores: Se URC our ue Rt * Test-taking tips for international students ademark of Educational Testing Service (ETS). This book is not end ed oF approved by ETS, Chapter 1 The TOEFL Test and the Structure Section 1 What is the TOEFL Test? .. Format of the Structure Section of the TOEFL CBT. Why Use This Book? .. Tips for TOEFL Test Takers ‘Seven Steps to Using this Book Successfully. FA elas een aoune Chapter 2_ The Diagnostic Test_7 Error Identification 8 Sentence Completion 2 Error Key ....... 4 Chapter 3 Modifiers 17 ‘Adverbs Like Only 7 Split Infinitives. ... 18 Dangling Modifiers .......... 19 Adjective/Adverty Confusion 21 Adjectives after Verbs of Sensation 23 a 26 7 Few, Little, Much, and Many. 28 Cardinal and Ordinal Numbers 30 ‘Sameness and Similarity . 31 Comparatives 3B ‘Superlatives. 35 Cause and Result 37 Articles . _ 39 Too, Very, and Enough 4 Negation : B Chapter Quiz 46 Error Keys 49 ARCO ® Grammar Workbook for the TOEFL Exam ii w:petersons.com/arco Chapter 4 Verbs 55 Modals ...... 2 Verbals 5 64 Past Participles .......0ssseseesesseseees 68 Present and Perfect Participles and Infinitives 1 Chapter Quiz. . 73 Error Keys ... 15 Chapter5 Pronouns 79 Relative Pronouns, 79 Personal Pronouns—Case 80 Who/Whom ... bocce 33 Possessives ... — 85 Faulty Reference — Beooee 2) 88 89 Oy Chapter Quiz. 94 Error Keys . ; eens Chapter6 Basic Patterns 99 Indirect Objects 99 Embedded Questions TalFor (Purpose) ....... Double Subjects ....... Clauses... 2. see Chapter Quiz...... Error Keys .. wore petersons.comvarco ARCO Grammar Workbook for the TOEFL Exam Chapter 7 Style 115 Voice Words Often Confused, Group I : ee Words Often Confused, Group IIL A 137 Error Keys. Chapter 8 Practice Tests 163 Pg mL Practice Test 2.......00c00e5 Practice Test 3 .. Error Ke ARCO ® Grammar Workbook for the TOEFL Exam ‘wow petersons.comlarco This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD Abbreviations STs ‘The following is a list of the abbreviations used in the review sections of this book. adj. adv. aux. ch CN ‘comp. conj. do. fut. infin, (or fo + V) ho. irr. N NCN neg. obj. part. past part. past perf. perf. part. pl. Prep. pres. pron. Qw s sing. suprl. to + have + past part. to + ¥ (or infin.) v V+ing ARCO ® Grammar Workbook for the TOEFL Exam adjective adverts auxiliary clause count noun comparative conjunction direct object future infinitive indirect object irregular noun ‘non-count noun negative object participle past participle past perfect perfect participle plural reposition present Pronoun question word subject singular superlative perfect infinitive infinitive simple form of the verb present participle or gerund www petersons.com/arco This diagnostic test will give you an idea of the kinds of grammatical points that will be tested in the ‘Structure section of the TOEFL test. After you have taken the diagnostic test, check your answers with the error key on page 14. The error key lists the correct answer for each question and tells you where 10 find the review material for the grammatical point that is being tested. This diagnostic test will help identify the areas of English grammar that are most difficult for you. Then, you can turn to the discussions of specific grammatical points and begin studying to review and improve your knowledge of standard written English, Read the directions carefully before you start the diagnostic test. ARCO ® Grammar Workbook for the TOEFL Exam 0 ww petersons.com/arco This page wasn't downloaded by GBD Ta Cu 13. The meeting was so length that many people had to leave before it concluded. @ ®) © ©) 14, John was quick to inform us that his friend Vicky was most popular, intelligent girl in his class. a 8 © D 18. The director of the program advised the students to avoid to waste time reading material that (Ay B) © was so out-of-date, ©) 16. There was not enough time to completely fill out the form before the bell rang. ) B) o 1) 17. Margie and Mary must have ate some bad food in the restaurant because they were very ill shortly ) B) © i) after they left. 18. ‘The children were surprised when the teacher had them to close their books unexpectedly. A) B® © © 19. Do you think you could lend me good pair of gloves to wear to the wedding?” 1A) ®) Oo oD 20, His speech was a careful worded attempt to evade his responsibility in the matter. a By Oo o 21. The Joneses have visited Hawaii and Alaska, and they assure me that they like Alaska the best. a) ®) © ©) 22, We must have a exact count of the number of people expected to attend the closing ceremonies. A) (8) oO (Dy 23, The stage production that we saw in New York was very much as the one we had previously seen (AY Bw © (Dy in London. you hear many news about the political situation while you were in that country? (A) ®) © o) 25, Both John, Bob and Tom are outstanding golfers and reasonably good tennis players. @ B) oO oO 26. Kathy was definitely a faster swimmer than anyone on her team and appeared headed for the state cy) Bw © ) championship. co ow ro re nexr Pace ARCO © Grammar Workbook for the TOEFL Exam ww: petersons.com/arco This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD 16. (did not have any good reason). See rule 4. X__ 17, (would not take). See rule 1. cas. —X_ 19. (could hardly believe), See rule 5, c_ 2, Chapter Quiz Error Identification =e 1 2 Pp EF P PPE FE ARCO ® Grammar Workbook for the TOEFL Exam See Sameness and Similarity, page 31. See Adjective/Adverb Confusion, page 21. See Cause and Result, page 37. See Comparatives, page 33. See Few, Lite, Much, and Many, page 28. 1. See Hyphenated or Compound Adjec- tives, page 26 See Superlatives, page 35. See Few, Lisle, Much, and Many. page 28 See Too, Very, and Enough, page 41. See Adjective/Adverb Confusion, page 23. Ou. —@ 2 B13. Ow. Oe. —B)_ 6. 4 1. —)_ 18, ov. —aL 2». © a. oO 2 —O) 2a. 8). —O_ 3. —O_ 2. AL 2. Ow. —O) ». —O_ ». See Split Infnitves, page 18. See Adverbs like Only, page 17. See Adjectives After Verbs of Sensa- tion, page 23, See Split Infnitves, page 18. See Cardinal and Ordinal Numbers, page 30. See Sameness and Similarity, page 31. See Dangling Modifiers, page 19. See Too, Very, and Enough, page 41, See Cardinal and Ordinal Numbers, page 30. See Adverbs like Only. page 17. See Negation, page 43, See Articles, page 39. See Comparatives, page 33. See Demonstratives, page 27. See Noun Adjectives, page 24. See Hyphenated or Compound Adijec- ves, page 26. See Dangling Modifiers, page 19. See Articles, page 39. See Noun Adjectives, page 24. See Negation, page 43. Tense ‘The following are common verb-tense problems: 1. Present Perfect. Remember to use the present perfect only when the action has started in the past and still relates to the present. I have been in the United States for six months. ‘She has played the piano since she was a child. 2. Past Tense. Remember to use the past tense when the action occurred or existed in the past. 1 went to California last summer. He visited several museums in Spain. 3. Past Perfect. Remember to use the past perfect only to express an activity that happened before another past activity. ‘The movie had begun when we arrived. T had already left when he called. [NG] tis possible to use the past perfect in sentences where before or afier show sequence, but it is not necessary. Error Examples WRONG: I have finished a game of tennis with John when Bob arrived. RIGHT: I had finished a game of tennis with John when Bob arrived, WRONG: Since Bob graduated last year, he had been traveling around Europe. RIGHT: Since Bob graduated last year, he has been traveling around Europe. WRONG: It has taken me a long time to do the homework last night. RIGHT: It took me a long time to do the homework last night. WRONG: Since 1976 he is living in Brazil. RIGHT: Since 1976 he Aas been living in Brazil. OR Since 1976 he has lived in Brazil. ARCO & Grammar Workbook for the TOEFL Exam 8B wo petersons.comfarco Chapter 4: Verbs Exercise Directions: Write a “C” on the line if the sentence is correct. Write an ™ tan error in the verb tense. ——— 1. Thave been in Mexico during the summer of 1970. —— 2 Mary had prepared dinner when I arrived, so we were able to eat immediately. ——— 3. Three years ago he had been a student at a university in California, 4. We have collected stamps for many years. 5. We took the bus downtown, did a few errands, and had gone to lunch. 6. Since he bought a new car, he has been driving to work every day. _——— 7. Last night they have recognized us from the party we went to earlier in the week. —— 8 Since Ted graduated, he has been working with his father. —— 9 The doctor had seen ten patients since eight o'clock this morning 10. He is studying English for the last five years. Check your answers using the error key on page 75. Time Clauses Use the simple present tense in future-time clauses (when the action will take place sometime in the future). (Never use will or going to in future-time clauses.) Time clauses* are introduced by such words as: when, while, after, before, as soon as, etc. Also see Conditionals in this chapter on page 60. Foture-time clauses: pres As soon as they get their degrees, they are going home. RuTURETNE Pres When I see hi “RUTURETWE CL I will give him your message. Error Examples WRONG: Whenever you will be in town, call me. RIGHT: Whenever you are in town, call me. WRONG: As soon as I will get all the vaccinations I will need, 1 will be leaving for Southeast As RIGHT: As soon as I ger all the vaccinations I need, I will be leaving for Southeast Asia. WRONG: After Dave is going to break the track record, many universities will offer him scholarships. RIGHT: After Dave breaks the track record, many universities will offer him scholarships. * Other tenses may also be used in time clauses, but the present tense must be used in future-time clauses when the main clause is in the future wow petersons.comfarco ARCO ™ Grammar Workbook for the TOEFL Exam Verbs of “Demand” 57 Exercise Directions: Write a “C” on the line if the sentence is correct. Write an “X” on the line if there is a mistake in the time clause. 1. You should visit that part of the country when it will be spring 2. twill get cold in the desert when winter will come, 3. As soon as you leam to swim, I will take you to our cabin at the lake, —— 4. When the children are going to visit their grandmother, Henry and I will be going to Europe. —— § When Bruce visits him tomorrow, his doctor will probably tell him to increase his medication. 6. Will you buy me a wool jacket when you will be in Scotland? role will receive an award when the critics will see her 7. The actress who plays performance. ——— 8 When I have time, I will try to run two miles. —— 9. When the fire engines go down the street, all the dogs in the neighborhood how! 10. As soon as Joan will get a good job, she is going to buy a condominium, Check your answers using the error key on page 75. Verbs of “Demand” ‘The simple verb (V) is used for all persons in a noun clause after the following verbs: demand recommend be necessary insist urge be required require advise be essential suggest request be important ask (when it means request) ‘The doctor recommended that she have surgery. 1 suggest that he be ready on time. She asked that all employees aitend the meeting. BRGBB] Use nor to make the verb negative. Do not use don’t. NOT sv ‘The weatherman suggested that people not use Highway 7. ARCO Grammar Workbook for the TOEFL Exam ww: petersons.comvarco This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD This page wasn't downloaded by GBD Chapter Quiz DL 4, (A) See Tense, page 55. (B) See Tense, page 55. Part A (C) See Tense, page 55. (D) Correct LBL 5, (A) See Present and Perfect Parti- x (could have eaten). See Past Parti- CA pe eee Na DT ciples and Infiniives, page 71.

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