Name

Date

Section Revgew
Objectives
$

.'
PI!It
.,

Class

PERCENT COMPOSITION .
, ,

AND

Part 0 Problems
Solve the fallowing problems in the space provided. Shaw your work. of each of the [oil owing' c. HgS 14. What is the percent a. Cr,03 composition

CHEMICAL FORMULAS

0. Mn,P~OT by mass of all element formula empirical and molecular formulas 15. Determine the empirical formula of the compound compo.ition of 29.1 % Na. 40.5% S. and 30.4% O. in a compound

Calculate the percent Interpret an empirical

d.

CarNO"h

Compare and contrast

with the percent

Vocabulary
percent composition
III

empirical

formula 16. How many kilograms ore Fe203? of iron can be recovered from 639 kilograms of the

Key Equation
% mass of element mass of element = mass of compound X 100%

Part A Completion

10.3 PERCENT COMPOSiTION AND CHEMICAL FORMULAS

]
~ ~ ] ~ ~ ~ ~
.sa j-

Use this completion exercise to check your kllowledge of the terms and your understanding of the concepts introduced in section. Each blank can be completed with CL term. short phrase, or number.

I"~'

1. i.. sample of a compound analyzed in a chemistry laboratory consists of 5.34 g of carbon, 0.42 g of hydrogen, and 47.08 g of chlorine. What is the percent composition of this compound? _ 2. Find the percent composition of a compound containing 18.35 g of the compound contains 5.74 g of tin, tin and chlorine
if

:g. '"

The __..L element compound

.. of a

compound

is the percent by mass of each by mass of an element of the element per __ 2 __ the percent in a g by

1. 2. 3. 4.

ill a compound. is the number

The percent ofgrarns

3. If 3.907 g of carbon combines completely with 0.874 g of hydrogen compound, what is the percent composition of this compound? 4. Frorn the formula for culciurn acetate, Ca(C,H30,)" calculate carbon that can be obtained frorn 65.3 g 01" the compound. 5. How many grams of aluminum are in 25.0 g of aluminum

to form a

the mass of

of the compound,

multiplied

by 100%. To calculate

oxide (A120~)?

mass of on element in a known compound. element in one mole by the __ 3 __ formula represents

divide the mass of the

5. 6.

6. How many grams of iron are in 21.6 g of iron(IJl) oxide (FeoOs)?

7.

and multiply by 100%. the lowest __ 5 __ ratio of the

Determine the empirical percent composition:

formula of each of the following compounds

from the

Aln) _4 __ elements

a. 7.8% carbon and 92.2% chlorine b. 10.0% C, 0.30% H, 89.1 % C!

~ g ~
@

in a compound.

lt can be calculated

from a compound's is either

percent composition.

The __ 6_ formula,

formuJa of a compound or it is some whole-number

the same as its empirical multiple of it.

Chapter 70 ChemicalQuantities

245

Section Review 10.3

Part A Completion
L percent composition

Hi. molar mass FeZ03

2 rnoiFe x,

vf,

55.8 g Fe
1 IT~e

. / + 3 ~O",

16.0 gO ~ ~O 1 1.y>11 ,

2. 100 3. molar mass

4. empirical 5. whole-number 6. molecular 639~ %Fe

112 g Fe
X

+ 48 g

160 g Fe203
X

a po
0 v

g Fe203

100

= ---

112 g 160 g
=

100

70.0% Fe 447 kg Fe

70.0 leg Fe x 100.kg-FezCJ3

Part D Questions and Problems

14.

104 g Cr 1. _ II 0" X -,-00 - 68.",,% 01 152 g Cr203 48 z O 0 X 100 = 31.6% 152 g CrZ03 110 g Mn b. X 100 = 38.7% Mn 284 g Mn2P20,

a.

__ ---"'-0 __ 284 g Mn2P207 112 z O

b

62

ap

100 = 21.8% P

Section 10.3
X

284 g Mn2P :P7 201 a Hg c. b X 100 233 g HgS 32.1 S X 100 233 g hg

100 = 39.4% 0
=

1. Percent Percent Percent

5.34
=

a
b

86.3% Ha
b

H=
Cl

52.84 g cp 0.42 aH 52.84 g cp

47.08 a
0

d x 100 d x 100 d
X

= = =

10.1% C 0.79% H 89.1 % Cl

as

~T

13.8% S

CI

=.

52.84 g cp

100

d.

40.1 g Ca 264 g Ca(N03)2 28 aN 164 g Ca(N03)2

b

')' ,100 = ",'.J% Ca 100

=

17.1%N 58.5%

2. Mass of Cl = total mass of compound - mass of Sn = 18.35 g of compound - 5.74 g Sn = 12.61 g Cl Percent or Sn
e

96 gO X 100 164 g Ca(NOa}2 _ T,X:: 1.00 mol Na 15. 29.l2A:\la x _ "-"" '" 23.0 ~a 1.27 mol Na/l.27 = 1 x 2
...(v

5.74

a
0

Sn

18.35 g cp

100

=
=

') , ._ 1.~7 mal Na 2

31.3% Sn of CI

Percent

18.35 g cp

12.61 a Cl 0 d X 100

1.00 mol S _ . 40.5 ~ /, ')~ A = 1.21 mol S ,J~.O ~ 1.27 mol S/1.27 = 1 X 2 = 2 30.4

68.7% Cl C=
3.907 a
0

gD a

1.00 malO
X

16.0 g-'-/

aA'''')

_ 1.90 mol
=

1.90 mol 0/1.27 = 1.5 x 2 Empirical formula

= NazS203

d x 100 4.781 g cp 0.874 g H Percent H = d x 100 4.781 g cp ~ 48.0 IT C 4. Percent C = b 158.1 g Ca(C2H302)2

3. Percent

=
=

81.7% C 18.3% H
X

100

30.4% C
=

Mass C = 30.4% C x 65.3 g 5. 13.2 g Al 6. 15.11 g Fe 7. a. Get! b. CHCI3

19.8 g