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Tabelul nr. 1
3238/$

Nr.
crt.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

,$,3,%/2&8,7251
DUD

5,/((8523(,&(175$/(
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(milioane locuitori)
Bulgaria
8,97
Cehia
10,30
&URD LD
4,77
Polonia
38,42
Romnia
22,46
Slovacia
5,29
Slovenia
2,00
Ungaria
10,38
Sursa: Statele lumii, Editura Merona, 1994.

PNB/locuitor
(USD)
2.250
3.140
7.110
1.600
1.640
2.115
5.500
2.330

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