Annotated Bibliography

Primary Sources
Franklin, Benjamin. "Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography." Http://www.let.rug.nl. Benjamin Franklin, n.d. Web. I used this link to get some info on what Benjamin Franklins personal thoughts were on his trip to France. Jolly, Henry. "The Battle of Saratoga - A First-Hand Account." The Battle of Saratoga - A First Hand Account. Earlyamerica.com, n.d. Web. 04 Feb. 2013. <http://www.earlyamerica.com/review/2004_summer_fall/saratoga.htm>. Henry Jolly gave us a real first person point of view during the intense action of the battle. It was used to show information on the Battle of Bemis Heights. "Revolutionary War Historical Article." Revolutionarywararchives.org. Revolutionarywararchives.org, n.d. Web. 04 Feb. 2013. <http://www.revolutionarywararchives.org/saratogafarm.html>. The quote from William Digby gave great insight into the Battle of Freemans Farm from British perspective during the battle. It is mainly used to give information on the Battle of Saratoga.

Washington, George. "Series 3: Letterbooks. Varick Transcripts: Continental Army Papers. 1775-1783." George Washington Papers: Series 3. George Washington Papers, n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. I used this link to get some info on what the continental armys opinion on what was going on during the war. Washington, George. "Series 3: Letterbooks. Varick Transcripts: Continental Army Papers. 1775-1783." George Washington Papers: Series 3. George Washington, n.d. Web. 07 Feb. 2013. This link is about the papers that Washington sent out and I used this to learn some of his plans and for a primary source. Washington, George. "Varick Transcripts." Memory.loc.gov. George Washington, n.d. Web. 07 Feb. 2013. This link is also about the papers that Washington sent out and I also used these as primary sources but also to learn what he was thinking. Washington, George. "Varick Transcripts." Memory.loc.gov. George Washington, n.d. Web. 07 Feb. 2013. This link is about what Washingtons plans were for the battle of Yorktown. W. Chase and Co. "1782 Vote of British Parliament Ending American War & Effectively Conceding Independence." 1782 Vote of British Parliament Ending American War & Effectively Conceding Independence. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Mar. 2013. <http://historygallery.com/newspapers/1782warvote/1782warvote.htm>.

This newspaper contained a very meaningful quote which really helped describe the importance of the Siege of Yorktown.

Secondary Sources
" WISCONSIN SOCIETY HOME PAGE." Wisconsin Society Sons of the American Revolution. Wissar.org, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://www.wissar.org/>. The image on the site was just used for a title image nothing fancy. "American Revolution: Quotes." ThinkQuest. Oracle Foundation, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://library.thinkquest.org/TQ0312848/quotes.htm>. A quote from George Washington was used from this website to show what war kind of is. "American Revolution War." American Revolution : The Battle of Yorktown. Britishbattles.com, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://www.britishbattles.com/battle-yorktown.htm>. Source was used for an image of the Battle of Yorktown, the land part of the battle. "American Revolution War." American Revolution : The Battle of Yorktown. Chalfont Web Design, n.d. Web. 29 Jan. 2013. I used this link to get information on the Battle of Yorktown, but mostly for visuals. "American Revolution: Battle Of Yorktown." About.com Military History. Kennedy Hickman, n.d. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.

This is about the Battle of Yorktown and what happened during the battle and a bit about what happens after the battle and I used this link to quote some things and to study a bit more on Yorktown. "American Revolution: Treaty of Alliance (1778)." About.com Military History. Kennedy Hickman, n.d. Web. 06 Feb. 2013. This talks about the treaty between France and the Americans and I used it to learn about how the Franco-American army came to be and to study a bit of the background information. Ayers, Edward L., Robert D. Schulzinger, Jesus F. De La Teja, and Deborah Gray White. American Anthem. Ed. Sam Wineburg. Austin, Texas: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2009. Print. Explained what happened during the battle and how it is an American turning point. "Battle of Saratoga History." Http://battle1777.saratoga.org. Saratoga County Chamber of Commerce, 1999. Web. 29 Jan. 2013. I used this link to get information on the Battle of Saratoga. "Battle of Saratoga Map." The Battle of Saratoga. Earlyamerica.com, n.d. Web. 06 Feb. 2013. Talks about the Battles of Saratoga and a bit about the French joining the Americans and I used the link to tell me a bit more about how this affected the Battle of Yorktown. "Battles of Saratoga (United States History)." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013.

<http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524011/Battles-of-Saratoga>. Contain well written summary of the battle and gave great insight into the battle. "Battle Of Saratoga - Sept & Oct 1777." The Battle of Saratoga. Saratoga.com, n.d. Web. 06 Feb. 2013. Talks about the Battles of Saratoga and how they led from one thing to another and I used this link to see the connection between the Battles of Saratoga and the Battle of Yorktown. "Battle of Yorktown Begins." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 06 Feb. 2013. This talks about the Battle of Yorktown and a bit about what happens after and I used this link to help me figure out that this battle was a turning point in history. "Benjamin Franklin." Benjamin Franklin. Crystalinks.com, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://www.crystalinks.com/franklin.html>. An image of Benjamin Franklin was copied from the website and pasted on the actions of many page as a link to the Benjamin Franklin page. Benjamin Franklin in France." PBS. PBS, 2002. Web. 20 Feb. 2013 This link below proves that the information above was true. It proves it because the article has the same information as the above link. "British Plan for Victory." British Plan for Victory. Plainedgeschools.org, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://www.plainedgeschools.org/jmolinari/british_plan_for_victory.htm>.

Gave well written information on Burgoynes plan to capture the Hudson river and how it went work. "Brandywine Soldiers The Battle of Brandywine." Brandywine Soldiers The Battle of Brandywine. Brandywinesoldiers.com, 21 Sept. 2008. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://www.brandywinesoldiers.com/frontpage/the-battle-of-brandywine>. Used for both an image and information; information was used to back up previous information. Castro, James, Will Thomas, and Kate Williams. "Revolutionary War." The Volunteer State Goes to War: A Salute to Tennessee Veterans. The State of Tennessee, n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. I used this link for images and visuals that helped us get to know what the battle of Saratoga looked like and what the layout of the southern states looked like. Chesterton, Gilbert Keith. "G.K. Chesterton." Goodreads. Goodreads.com, n.d. Web. 04 Feb. 2013. <http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/27973.G_K_Chesterton>. This quote was simply used because American Revolution was basically the same idea as the quote brought by Gilbert Keith Chesterton. "Enlargement: Map of the Battle of Saratoga." Enlargement: Map of the Battle of Saratoga. Archiving Early America, n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. I used this link to get a visual on what the battlefield looked like.

"Evacuation on Manhattan and Battle of White Plains." BMS History 7 Period 1. Wikispaces.com, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://bmshistory7.wikispaces.com/Battles of Manhattan & White Plains>. It was used for a picture of William Howe while he commanded the British during the Revolutionary War. Garcia, Jesus, Donna M. Ogle, C. Fredrick Risinger, Joyce Stevos, and Winthrop D. Jodran. Creating America: A History of the United States. Evanston, IL: McDougal Littell, 2001. Print. Information in the book was on how Saratoga was a turning point and what happened during the battle. "General John Burgoyne ." General Sir John Burgoyne. Sonofthesouth.net, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://www.sonofthesouth.net/revolutionary-war/british/sir-john-burgoyne.htm>. Used for an image of General Burgoynes surrender at the Battle of Saratoga after his loss during the second battle of Saratoga this is called Bemis Heights. Also for information on Burgoynes surrender after his loss during the Battle of Saratoga in both Freemans Farm and Bemis Heights. Hickman, Kennedy. "American Revolution: Battle Of Yorktown." About.com Military History. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Jan. 2013. I used this link to get the basic information on the Battle of Yorktown. "History." The Battle of Saratoga. Saratoga County Chamber of Commerce, n.d. Web. 06 Feb. 2013.

This link has some maps for the Battles of Saratoga and it also tells about what happened during the Battles and I used this link to check the maps and to see how it affected future events. "Horatio Gates." Horatio Gates. Nndb.com, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://www.nndb.com/people/316/000049169/>. The article is based on Horatio Gates in a short summary on his life since he was born to his death. The information was used to find when he took over the command of the Northern Army of the Continental Army. Feldmeth, Greg D. "Revolutionary War Events." Revolutionary War Events. Http://home.earthlink.net, 31 Mar. 1998. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://home.earthlink.net/~gfeldmeth/chart.rev.html>. A chart that the website had contained information for which was needed for the State of the Continental Army section; the chart was copied and pasted onto website. Also information on who won the battles was taken too, to double check information. Ferling, John E. Almost a Miracle: The American Victory in the War of Independence. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2007. Web. 10 Feb. 2013. John Ferling gave incredible detail throughout his book giving many different pieces of information that was quite useful. The use of his information in our project was be used as quoted information and then incepted by ourselves.

Fleming, Grace. "Annotated Bibliography." About.com. About.com, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://homeworktips.about.com/od/citationsandbibliography/ss/annotatedbibliography.ht m>. A picture of an example annotated bibliography was copied and pasted onto the website and was linked to the annotated bibliography page. "John Burgoyne." John Burgoyne. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Feb. 2013. <http://www.nndb.com/people/238/000050088/>. The image shows what General John Burgoyne looked like back in the 1700s. Met, A. Crucial American Victory Here in the Autumn of 1777 American Forces. "A Crucial American Victory." National Parks Service. National Parks Service, 26 Jan. 2013. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://www.nps.gov/sara/historyculture/index.htm>. Gave well described information on previous events that led up to the Battle of Saratoga, for example the loss at Fort Ticonderoga. "Myspace." Myspace. Myspace, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://www.myspace.com/spirit_of_76_lives/photos/402550>. Used for an image found out it on the Battle of Bemis Heights, second battle of the Battle of Saratoga. O'Brien, Patrick. The Battle of the Chesapeake Bay - Sept. 5, 1781. N.d. Patrick O'Brien Studio. Web. 6 Mar. 2013. <http://www.patrickobrienstudio.com/prints%20assets/Battle%20Chesapeake%20print.ht ml>.

This painting is a nice way to show the Battle of Chesapeake Bay or Battle of Virginia Capes. Pavao, Paul, and Esther Pavao. "Battle of Yorktown, Virginia." The Battle of Yorktown, Virginia. Janelle Pavao, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. This talks about the Battle of Yorktown and how Cornwallis lost the battle and I used the link for some quotes and for more information on the Battle of Yorktown. "Princess Amerah Princess Entertainer for Children's Events & Princess Birthday Parties." Charity Events UVU Turning Point Princess Amerah. Http://princessamerah.com, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://princessamerah.com/blog/events/charity-events/uvu-turningpoint/>. It was used only for an image of a picture saying turning point. "Process Essay at EssayPedia.com." Process Essay at EssayPedia.com. Essaypedia.com, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://www.essaypedia.com/papers/process-essay-40341.html>. Just an example paper image used as a link to the process paper. "Quotes About American Revolution." (40 Quotes). Goodreads.com, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://www.goodreads.com/quotes/tag/american-revolution>. A quote from Christopher Hitchens showed that the Revolutionary War was not just won by one man. The quote was placed on the actions of many page. "Reenactment of the Battle of Saratoga." Reenactment of the Battle of Saratoga. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2013.< http://footguards.tripod.com/00HOME/GIFsWAVs/sara1.jpg>.

Gave an image of what the Battle of Saratoga really looked like. "Revolutionary War Siege of Yorktown." Revolutionary War Siege of Yorktown. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Mar. 2013. <http://www.revolutionarywaranimated.com/YorktownAnimation.html>. I used this animation which sums up the entire Siege in a very basic way. Roland, Jon. "Declaration of Independence." Declaration of Independence. Jon Roland, Nov.Dec. 2000. Web. 07 Feb. 2013. This book contained information on the Revolutionary War like the Boston Tea Party and the Battles of Saratoga and Yorktown and I used this book as a source to help me find out a bit of what happened. "Saratoga: The Tide Turns on the Frontier--Reading 1." Saratoga: The Tide Turns on the Frontier--Reading 1. U.S. National Park Service, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/93saratoga/93facts1.htm>. Information gather from this site was battle information at the times before, during and after of the Battle of Saratoga. Also gave additional information on what happened during the battle and for the reason why its a turning point. "Saratoga: The Tide Turns on the Frontier--Reading 2." Saratoga: The Tide Turns on the Frontier--Reading 2. National Park Service, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/93saratoga/93facts2.htm>. The first written paper was giving me good insight on what happened during the battle.

Schiff, Stacy. "Franklin in Paris." The American Scholar. The American Scholar, Apr.-May 2009. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. <http://theamericanscholar.org/franklin-in-paris/>. I used this source to get quotes and most of my information on Benjamin Franklins visit to France. Selig, Robert A. "Degrasse." Degrasse. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Mar. 2013. <http://www.americanrevolution.org/degrasse.html> This author included valuable information helping our group define the Siege of Yorktown as a turning point. "Siege of Yorktown (United States History)." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 07 Feb. 2013. This link gave me information on what happened and I used this to confirm/second what I learned from other links. St. Rosemary Educational Institution. "Battle of Saratoga: Freemans Farm & Bemis Heights." http://schoolworkhelper.net/. St. Rosemary Educational Institution, Last Update: 2013. Web. Retrieved on: Wednesday 20th February 2013. http://schoolworkhelper.net/battleof-saratoga-freemans-farm-bemis-heights/. Information gave battle specs on what happened during both battles of the Battle of Saratoga. Also all dates on that the battles started and Burgoynes surrender. "The American Revolution." The American Revolution. K12tn.net, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://www.mce.k12tn.net/revolutionary_war/american_revolution.htm>. Just used for a simple image nothing much was used out of it.

"The Battle of Saratoga Bemis Heights." The American Revolution. Theamericanrevolution.org, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://www.theamericanrevolution.org/battledetail.aspx?battle=30>. Website had information on dead, number of soldiers, wounded and even missing soldiers. It also contained overview of the Battle of Bemis Heights. "The Battle of Saratoga Freeman's Farm." The American Revolution. Theamericanrevolution.org, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://www.theamericanrevolution.org/battledetail.aspx?battle=20>. Website had information on dead, number of soldiers, wounded and even missing soldiers. It also contained an overview of the Battle of Freemans Farm. "The First Battle of Saratoga: The Battle of Freeman's Farm." Military Science (ROTC):. Worcester Polytechnic Institute, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://www.wpi.edu/academics/military/abssar1.html>. The picture of the battle shows how the Americans and British attacked during the first Battle of Saratoga or called Freemans Farm. Information also was used to understand how the British and Americans attacked. "The Second Battle of Saratoga: The Battle of Bemis Heights." Military Science (ROTC):. Worcester Polytechnic Institute, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://www.wpi.edu/academics/military/abssar2.html>.

The picture here was to show how the British and American forces attacked on the second battle of the Battle of Saratoga called Bemis Heights. Also information from site gave better information on how the British and American forces attacked that day. The Revolution. History Channel, 2006. DVD. The video gave many different views of the Battle of Saratoga giving me great insight on opinions and battlefield descriptions. It was mainly put into clips on our website to give more ways of displaying information. "Thread: Stars and Stripes Forever Part 1: A United States AAR." Paradox Interactive Forums RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/showthread.php?625283-Stars-and-StripesForever-Part-1-A-United-States-AAR>. Image from was used to show the Americans in combat against the British. Walworth, Ellen H. Battles of Saratoga, 1777; the Saratoga Monument Association, 1856-1891. Albany, N.Y.: Munsell's Sons, n.d. Gave information on what happen and casualties in the book, but since it was electronically published it had many errors in the text. "When the World Was Turned Upsidedown." Western Newspaper Union, n.d. Web. 29 Jan. 2013. : I used this newspaper article to get some insight on what the country thought about the war at the time.

"Yorktown Battlefield - Winning Americas Independence." http://www.nps.gov/yonb/index.htm. National Park Service, n.d. Web. 29 Jan. 2013. : I used this article to get some insight on what the troops were seeing as they battled for their independence. "11g. The Battle of Saratoga." The Battle of Saratoga [ushistory.org]. Ushistory.org, n.d. Web. 06 Feb. 2013. Talks about the Battles of Saratoga and what happened during the Battles and I used this link as background information for the Battle of Yorktown. 29, June-July 1778 - British Evacuate Forces from Philadelphia and Occupy New York City as Their New Main Base of Operations.December. "Events Leading to the Siege of Yorktown, 1781." National Parks Service. National Parks Service, 14 Sept. 2012. Web. 06 Feb. 2013. This link is about the timeline for the Battle of Yorktown and I used it for the information on Yorktown.