Un.

tSW kllW to fit\1A hrtotiohS of y

The Unit Circle
2
+b
2
a =1
a=cosB, b=sinB
90' 1!... (01)
, 2' ,
(1,0)
2100'
2
120;
1350' 3Jr. (_
, 4 '
1500' k. (-
, 6 '
600' JL. (.1 .J3)
, 3' 2' 2
450' 1!... (.Ji .Ji )
, 4' 2' 2
OO;Oor2'lt;
7Jr. (_ 3300' !k. (.J3 _.1)
, 6 ' , 6' 2'
2250' k. (-
, 4 '
3150' 7Jr. (.Ji _.fi)
, 4' 2' 2
3000' SJr. (.1 _.J3 )
, 3' 2' 2
We draw each angle in standard position. The reference angle IS me
positive acute angle formed by the terminal side of the angle in question and the
x-axis
Reference
angle isi
Reference
II'rr
T

Reference
angle is!!

(1,0)
cost=x
sin t y
tan t = 1.. (x *0)
x
x .
. colt = - (y *0)
Y
csc t =
1
(y *0)
Y
sec 1
1
(x *0)
x
*to Tir\d Q. {y\'
f\,\V\c+ion of tA.n
Q.\\8
lt
not,
d(<<fMil\t
rtfutl\c.t
, . The.n
t-i +kt
Thl\.c,nort of t).
The -r.noHon
of 9 4...." Ivrt
41\( >tA.Me*
1
0
REFERENCE PAGES
TRIGONOMETRY
ANGLE MEASUREMENT
*TT radians ,.. 180"
180"
== --.:!.- rad lrad--
ISO 'IT
s == r6
(6 in radians)
:;; RIGHT ANGLE TRIGONOMETRY
sin 6 - opp
esc 6 == hyp
hyp opp
adj hyp
cos6= sec6-
hyp adj
adj
cot6-
opp
>k TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
r
csc6-
y
sec6-
r
x
x
cot 6 ==
y
GRAPHS OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
'*: y *y *y y=tan.x
y= sin.x
y y=csc.x y y=seex y
Vi
I
:\
i'v
I
1\
I I I I
TT 2TT .x
I TT I 2TT .x
-\ -\
InI I I
I
I
I
'n
Dr see. lAV\i+ c..i rde
TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS OF IMPORTANT ANGLES
radians sin 8 cos 8 tan 8
rt 0 0 1 0
3rt 1'f/6 1/2 ../3/2 ../3/3
45 Tr/4 .fi/2 .fi/2 1
60 1'f/3 ../3/2 1/2 ../3
90 1'f/2 0
*denotes helpf1t\l inA +0 wd\ ().&lJ
(1$ neeaed


adj
y
x
.,.J
FUNDAMENTAL IDENTITIES
I
sec 6=_1
sin 8 cos 6
csc6=-
sin 6 cos 6
tan8--. cot8--
cos 8 sin 6

f
I
cot8=-
tan 6
sin(-6) - -sin 6 cos(-6) = cos 8
tan(-8) = -tan 8
sin ( ; - 6) '" cos 8
cos(; - 8) "" sin 6 tan ( ; - 6) - cot 8
8
THE LAW OF SINES
sin A sin B sin C
--=----
abc
THE LAW OF COSINES
A
ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION FORMULAS
sin(x + y) = sin x cosy + cosx siny
sin(x y) == sin x cos y cou sin y
cos(x + y) == cos x cosy - sinx siny
cos(x - y) ,.. cos x cos y + sinx sin y
tan x + tany
tanx+y ( ) ==
1 - tan x tany
tan(x _ y) = tan x - tany
1+ tan x tany
DOUBLE-ANGLE FORMULAS
sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x
cos 2x = cos
2
x sin
2
x = 2 cos
2
x - I = 1 - 2 sin
2
x
2 tan x
tan 2x = 1 2
- tan];
HALF-ANGLE FORMULAS
-2 l-cos2x 2 1+cos2x
Sln];- 2 cos x == 2
1'f 1'f
INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
-- ... y ...
2 2
arccos x == COS-IX = Y cosy == x and 0 ... Y"'1'f
1'f 1'f
arctanx=tan-1x=;y tany=x and --<y<
2 2
8
c