Syllabus of B.tech Hons Electrical Technology

SYLLABUS OF B-TECH (HONS) ELECTRICAL
Prepare by UMAR SALEEM
Curriculum of B-Tech (Hons) Electrical Power Technology

44Sr :No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Subject Communication Skills High Voltage Technology Industrial Electronic Mathematics Digital Electronic Electrical Machines design and Equipment testing Design of Electrical Machines Electrical Drives Power Economic and Management Power System Technology Feed back control system Control Technology Power system operation and Control Sub Station Technology Communication System Power system Analysis Network Analysis Computer system Data and Computer Switching and Logic Circuit Applied Physics Engineering Material Total quality management Industrial management Electrical measurement and measuring instrument Electrical power generation transmission and distribution Electrical Magnetic Field BZU IUB+BZU+UET IUB+BZU+UET IUB+BZU+UET BZU IUB BZU+UET IUB IUB BZU+UET IUB BZU IUB BZU BZU IUB BZU UET BZU UET UET UET BZU BZU UET UET BZU University
Engineering is your Career
1: Communication Skills
Communication Environment:
1: Organizational structure 2: International Communication 3: Nondiscriminatory Communication 4: Communication Channels
Communication and technology: 1: Presentation Graphics and word processing

2: Fax 3: E-mail 4: Internet and voice voice mail 5: CD-ROM and Online Database 6: Teleconferencing 7: Audio visual Aids
Presentation Skills:
1: Define Audio Objective 2: Audience analysis 3: Style and tone 4: Credibility 5: Opening 6: Closing and main Ideas 7: Use of Audio visual aids
Meetings and Interviews:

1: Participating in Meeting 2: Chairing a Meeting 3: Asking and answering question in meeting 4: Preparing in Resume 5: Preparing for Interviews 6: Asking and answering question in interviews
Letter and Memos:

1: Formats 2: Positive and negative messages 3: Persuasive Communication 4: Request
Technical Report Writing

1: Introduction and Importance 2: General Formats 3: Short and long Reports 4: Proposals 5: Quoting Reference
Books Recommended:
1. Murphy H. A., Hildebrandt, H. W. and Thomas J.P Effective Business Communication, McGraw Hill USA. 2. Morrisey G.L., Sechrest T.L and Warman W.B LOUD AND CLEAR, Addisonwesley pu blushing Company , USA. 3. Beebe S.A and Beebe S.J PUBLIC SPEAKING. Allyn and Bacon, USA.
2: High Voltage Technology

1. Breakdown of gases (I): Charge multiplication, Secondary emission, Townsend theory, streamer theory, paschens law, Determination of minimum breakdown voltage, Breakdown in non uniform field, Effect of polarity on corona inception and break down voltage. 2. Partial discharge (I): Definition and development in solid dielectric. 3. Breakdown of solid (I): Intrinsic breakdown, Electromechanical break down, Thermal breakdown, Streamer break down. 4. Breakdown of liquid (I): Intrinsic breakdown, Cavitation theory, Suspended particle theory. 5. Lightning phenomena (I): Electrification of cloud, Development of Lighting stroke, lightning induced over voltage, direct stroke, indirect stroke. 6. Protection of electrical apparatus against high voltage (I): Lightning Arrestors, Valve type, Metal oxide arresters, Expulsion type, Effect of location of lightning arresters on protection of transformer, protection of substation, Earth wire, 7. Insulation Co ordination (I): Basic insulation level, Basic impulse level, Switching impulse level, Volt time characteristics of protective devices, Determinitation of Basic impulse level of substation equipment. 8. Generation of high voltage (I): Generation of A.C high voltage by testing transformer, cascaded transformer, series resonant circuit, Single stage and multi stage, Advance of series resonant circuit in testing of Cables. 9. Generation of D.C high voltage (I): Cockcroft Walton doubler and multi stage circuit, Definition of impulse voltage as per Pakistan standard specification, Wave front and wave tail time, Generation of impulse voltage, multistage impulse generator, triggering of impulse generator. 10. Measurement of High voltage (I) Sphere gap voltmeter: a.c, d.c and impulse, high voltage measurement as per Pakistan standard specifications, Resistance and Capacitance potential dividers, peak voltmeter for measurement of high a.c voltage in conjunction with capacitance dividers, Capacitance voltage transformer, Rotating voltmeter for measurement of d.c high voltage. 11. Electrostatic volt meter high voltage testing (I): testing as per Pakistan standard specifications, Power frequency withstand, induced over voltage and impulse test on transformers, power frequency wet withstand test and impulse test on insulators. 12. EHV-AC//DC transmission insulation of transmission lines, insulation co-ordination, voltage drop around insulators 14. Dielectric and Breakdown phenomena (U+B)
15. Electric Breakdown in gases (U+B) 16. Corona Discharge (U+B) 17. Surface breakdown of insulation (U+B) 18. Operating and measurement of high voltage (U+B) 19. Impulse Generator (B) 20. High voltage Cable (B) 21. Interference phenomena (B) 20.High voltage cables and transmission lines testing (U+B 22: Insulation of Co- Ordination (U+B) 23. Voltage drop around insulation (U+B) 24. Pollution Effect on insulation (U+B)
References: 1. High voltage engineering :C.L Wadha, New Age International (p) Ltd, publishers. 2. An introduction to High voltage engineering : Subir Roy, prentice Hall pvt. Ltd.
Books Recommended:
1. High voltage engineering by Dr. Abdullaha and E Kuffle 2. High voltage engineering by Kamaraj & Naidu 3. Alston, High voltage Technology 4.
3: industrial Electronic
1. Thyartron 2. Silicon controlled rectifiers(I+U) 3. Poly phase rectifier circuits (I+U) 4. Speed control of motors (I+U)+I 5. Remote control of Machines (I+U) 6. Industrial process control (I+U) 7. The resistance selding automatic sequence timer (U+I) 8. Synchronous weld control (U+I) 9. Trailing tube circuits (U+I) 10. Energy store welding system (U+I) 11. Poly phase wilding system (U+I) 12. Photo relay and their industrial application (U+I) 13. Electric furnaces (U+I) 14. Induction and dielectric heating (U+I) 15. Saturable Reactor and control (U+I) 16. X ray tubes and application of x rays (U+I) 17. Study of feed back system for automatic control of physical quantity such as voltage speed and mechanical position (U+I) 18. Industrial application of C.R Oscilloscope (U+I) 19. Electrical pneumatic and hydraulic servo system control transformers application of magneto amplifiers and servo amplifier (U+I) 20. Flappers nozzles (U+I) 21. Gauges steady state analysis of electrical regulators including the Ward Leonard system (U+I) 22. Electromechanical Control relay (B) 23. Solis state relay (B) 24. Timing and latching relay (B) 25. Relay Logic (B) 26. Magnetic contactors (B) 27. Solenoids (B) 28. Magnetic motor starters (B) 29. Solid state contactors (B) 30. Hydraulic and pneumatic actuators (B) 31. Sensors and Transducers based system & Interfacing of Micro Controllers (B) 32. Programmable logic Controllers (B) 33. Ladder logic diagram and programming of PLC (B)
34. Computer controlled Machines Interfacing of PLC (B)
Books Recommended: 1. Frank D. petruzella, programmable Logic controllers. McGraw-Hill. 2. Frank D. petruzella, Industrial Electronics. McGraw-Hill.
4: Mathematics
1. Differential Equation:
1. Classification of Differential equation (B+I) 2. Formation of Differential equation (B+I) 3. Initial value and boundary value conditions (B+I) 4. First order differential equations (B+I) 5. Linear differential equations of first and second order application to relevant Engineering problems (U) 6. Partial differential coefficient (U+B+I) 7. Partial differentiation of implicit functions (U+I) 8. Total differential and its application to small errors (U+I) 9. Homogeneous equations (B+I) 10. Exact Equations (B+I) 11. Linear equations Bernoullis Equation (B+I) 12. Second order differential equations (B+I) 13. Non homogeneous Linear Equations (B+I) 14. Application to the physical and engineering problems (B)
2: Integration
1. Integration as Reverse process of Differentiation (B+I) 2. Different techniques of integration. Define Integrals (B+I) 3. Multiple integration (I) Application of Integration 1. Area between curves (B+I) 2. Volume of solid (prism, cylinder, pyramid, cone and sphere) (B+I)
3. Momentum (B+I) 4. Moment of inertia (B+I) 5. Theorem of parallel and perpendicular axes (B+I) 6. Means and root mean square values (B+I) 10. Multiple integration and its value to area between curves, areas of surfaces and volume of solid application to Engineering problems (U+I)
3: Matrices and Determinants

1. Algebra of matrices (B+I) 2. system of linear equation ( Gauss Elimination method, Gausss Jordon Method (B+I) 3. Eigen values and Eigen vectors (B+I) 4. Singularity (B+I)
4: Complex Numbers:
1. Algebra of complex number (B+I) 2. Complex plane 3. Exponential and polar form (B+I) 4. D Moivers (B+I) 5. Theorem and inverse Hyperbolic functions (+I B) 6. Inverse Trigonometric functions (B+I) 7. Complex functions (B+I) 8. Limit and continuity (B+I) 9. Complex Differentiation (B+I) 10. Cauchy theorem and Chauchys Integral formula (B+I)
5:Fourier series
1. Introduction (B)
2. Periodic functions (B) 3. Periodic Extensions (B) 4. Piecewise Continuous functions (B) 5. Convergence of Fourier series (B) 6. Fourier series of functions with arbitrary periods (B) 7. Fourier series for even and odd functions Lang-Range series (B+U+I)
6: Laplace:
1. Properties of Laplace transformer (B) 2. Inverse Laplace transformer (B+I) 3. Application to the solution of differential equation (B+U+I) 4. Solution of initial value problem by the Laplace Transformer (B)
7: Basels functions (I+U) 8: Maximum and minimum of functions of two independent variables (U) 9: Taylors series of two variables (I) 10: Gradient (I+U) 11: Divergence and curt (I+U) 12: Vector differentiation and integration (U+I) 13: Graphical differentiation and integration (I) 14: probability and its theorems (U) 15: Means and standard deviation (U) 16: passion and normal distribution (U) +I 17: Sampling and random numbers (U)
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18: Interpolating techniques (U) 19: Correlations (U) 20: Boolean Algebra and related theorems binary Numbers (U) 21: Octal numbers hexadecimal numbers (U) 22: Conversation from one system to another mapping (U) 23: Boolean functions (U) 24: Introduction to digital computer setup Basic principles of computer programming (U) 25: Programme structure and flow charts (U) 26: Introduction to Fortran language (U) 27: Methods of analysis of sampling elementary problems and preparation of computer programmes (U)
References: 1. Advance Engineering Mathematics, by bEdwin Kreyszingand by C.R Whylic. 2 . Practical Mathematics, vol 1&2 by Taft and Mickey 3 . Advance Vector Analysis, by Weather-burn
Related books:
1. Calculus and Analytical geometry by Thomas, G.B and Finney
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2. Peter Kuffiting, Technical Mathematics with Calculus 3. Engineering Mathematics by K.A Stored 4. Mathematical Methods by Dr. S. M. Yousaf and Dr. Abdul Majeed 5. Calculus and Analytical geometry by Dr. M.N.M. Talpur 6. An Introduction to Numerical Analysis by bDr. Muhammad Iqbal 7. Advance Engineering Mathematics, by bEdwin Kreyszing 8. . Advance Engineering Mathematics, by C.R. Whylic 9. Practical Mathematics, vol 1&2 by Taft and Mickey 10. Advance Vector Analysis, by Weather-burn 11. Calculus and Analytic Geometry 12. Theory and problems in statistics, by marry R. Spegal 13. A guide to Fortran IV programming, by Mc Kraken 14. Digital computer by Jonson
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5: Digital Electronic
1: Switching devices:
1. Switches and relay 2. Logic gates 3. ANDOR-NOT gate circuit 4. NAND NOR Circuit Modular implementation of combinational logic circuits 5. K-amp & truth tables 6. Switching algebra
2: Different logic families:

1. TTL 2. ECL 3. NMOS 4. CMOS
3: Combinational logic circuit

1. Address/subtracts 2. Demultipleness 3. Encoders4. Decoders 5. ROMs 6. PLA
4: Components of sequential circuits:

1. Flip flops 2. Characteristics and transmission table for sequential circuit design
5: Introduction to digital system:
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1. Microprocessor 2. Micro-combination
Related books:
1. Digital design (second edition) by M.MORRIS MANO
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6: Electrical Machines design and Equipment testing

Machines Design: Industrial standardization, national and international standards codes and testing laboratories, manufacturing and operating system, design considerations for electrical machines, properties and application of materials for magnetic machine 1. Insulation system and design considerations 2. Thermal time constant 3. Cooling system of transformer and rotating machines 4. Duty cycle 5. Rating and temperature rise 6. Mechanical design considerations 7. Specific loading and output equations of power transformer and induction motor 8. Design of transformer and induction motor 9. Introduction to computer aided design (CAD) and Computer aided manufacturing (CAM) 10. Installation, maintenance and troubleshooting of Machines * Safety precautions, troubleshooting and emergency repairs * Installation, commissioning, testing, maintenance and troubleshooting of 1. Power transformers 2. Induction motors 3. AC generators 4. D.C generator
Books Recommended:
1. Commissioning, operating and maintenance of Electrical Equipment By S. Rao, Khanna publisher, india, Latest Edition 2. Alternating Current Machines by M.G. say, Lates
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7: Design of Electrical Machines
1: Magnetic material 2. Insulating material 3. Conductors 4. Fundamentals of Design of Electrical Machines
Design of
1. Transformer 2. Motors 3. A.C generator
Related Books:
1. Deign of D.C Machines by Calyton 2. Performance and design of A.C Machines by M.G.Say
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8: Electrical Drives
1: Electric drives: Concept, Classification, Parts and advantage of Electrical drivers. 2: Dynamic of Electrical drives: Types of load, Components of load torques with rotation
and translation motion, Steady state stability, Transient stability, Multi quadrant operation of drivers, Load Equalization.
3: Motor power rating: Thermal model of motor for heating and cooling, Classes of motor
duty, determination of motor rating for continuous, short time and intermittent duty, Equation current, torque and power method for fluctuating and intermittent load.
4: Starting of Electric Drives: Effect of starting on power supply, motor and load, Method
of starting of electric motors, Acceleration time energy relation during starting, method of reduced the energy loss during starting.
5: Breaking of Electric drives: Types of breaking, breaking of DC motor, Induction motor

and Synchronous motor, Energy loss during braking.
6: DC motor drives: Single phase, three phases fully controlled and half controlled rectifier
fed DC drivers, Dual converter control of DC drivers, Power factor, Supply harmonics and ripple in motor current, Chopper control of DC drivers.
7: Induction motor drives: Stator voltage variation by three phase controllers, Speed
control using chopper resistance in the rotor circuit, Slip power recovery scheme, Pulse width modulated inverter fed and current source inverter fed induction motor drive, Volt/Hertz control, vector or field oriented control.
8: Synchronous motor drives: Variable frequency control, Self control, voltage source
inverted fed synchronous motor drive, vector control.
9: Introduction to solar and Battery powered Drives: Stepper motor, Switches

reluctance motor drive.
10: Industrial application: Drive consideration for textile mills, Steel rolling mills, Cement
mills, paper mills, Machines tools, Cranes& hoist drivers.
Books Recommended:
1. Fundamental of Electrical drives,G.K Dubey, New age international publication.
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2. Electrical drives, vedam subrahmanyam,TMH 3. A first course on Electrical drives, S.k. pillai, new age international publication.
Reference book:
1. Electric motor drives, R. Krishnan, pearson Education. 2. Modren Power Electronicand ac drivers, Bimal k Bose, PHI
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9: Power Economic and Management

1: Introduction: basic concept, Principals of economics, Microeconomics theory, The
problems of Scarcity
2. Concept of engineering economy. Economic Environment: Consumer and

producer goods, goods and services, demand and supply concept.
3. Equilibrium, Elasticity of demand, elasticity of supply, measures of economic worth. 4: Price-supply-demand relationship 5. Theory of production, factors of production, law of returns, break-even chart and
relationships, perfect completion, monopoly, monopolistic competition and oligopoly, fundamentals of marketing.
6: Elementary Financial Analysis: Basic accounting equation, Development and

interpretation of financial statement-income statement, balance sheet and cash flow, Working capital management.
7: Break Even Analysis: Revenue/cost terminologies, behave of costs, determination of

costs/revenues, numerical and graphical presentations, Practical applications, BEA as a management tool for achieving financial/operation efficiency.
8: Selection between Alternatives: Time value of memory and financial internal rate of
return, present value, future value and annuities. Cost benefit analysis: selection among material, techniques, design etc, investment philosophy, investment alternatives having identical lives, alternatives having different lives, make or buy decisions and replacement decisions.
9: Value Analysis/Value Engineering: Value analysis procedures, value engineering

procedures, value analysis versus value engineering, advantages and applications in different areas, value analysis in designing and purchasing.
10: Linear programming: Mathematical statement of linear programming problems,

graphic solution simplex procedure, duality problem.
11: Depreciation and Taxes: Depreciation concept, economic life, method of

depreciations, profit and returns on capital, productivity of capital gain (loss)on the disposal of an asset, depreciation as a tax shield.
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12: Business Organization: Type of ownership, single ownership, partnership, corporation,

type of stocks and joint stock companies banking and specialized credit institutions.
13: Capital financing & Allocation: Capital budgeting, allocation of capital among
independent project, financing with debt capital, financing with equality capital trading on equity, financial leaveraging.
Books Recommended: 1. Engineering Economy by A. Tarquin, Latest Edition.

2. Engineering Economy by Degarmo, Latest Edition. 3. Economy by Samaulson, Latest Edition.
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10: Power System Technology

1: Review of symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults and sequence network 2: Power system stability 3: Factors in the stability problems 4: Application of criterion of stability power angle equation 5: Wing curves 6: Cower lines limits 7: Installation testing and maintenance 8: Specific study of national Grid installation 9: Testing and maintenance of low, Medium, and high voltage equipments 10: Wapda regulations commission of Electrical equipment 11: Transformer Oil testing and treatment field testing equipments 12: Installation of transmission lines field testing and maintenance of insulators and transmission lines 13: Grounding system
Related books:
1. Elements of power system by steven Son 2. Generation Transmission and Utilization by A.T. Star 3. Power system by Gupta 4. Transmission and Distribution of Electrical energy by H. Coton
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11: Feed back control system

1: Introduction to control system: Concept of feed back and automatic control, Effects of
feedback, objectives of control system, Definitation of linear and nonlinear system, Elementry concepts of sensitivity and robustness.
2: Types of control systemt: Servomechanisms and regulators, example of feedback

control systems, Mathematical modeling of dynamic system, Electricl analag of spring-massdashpot system.
3: Transfer function concept, poles and zero of a transfer function, Block diagram
representation of control system, Block diagram Algebra signal flow Graph. Masons gain formula, Control systen component potentiometer, Synchros, Resolvers, position encoders, D.C and A.C tacho genrators, actuators.
4. Block diagram level description of feedback control systems for position control, speed
control of d.c motors, temperature control, liquid control, voltage control of an alternator.
5: Time domain analysis: Time domain analysis of a standard second order closed loop
system. Concept of undamped natural frequency, damping, overshoot, rise time and setting time, Depence of time domain performance parameters on natural frequency and damping ratio, Step and impulse response of first and second order system, Effects of poles and zeroes on transient response.
6: Stability of linear system by pole location. Routh-Hurwitz criteria. 7: Errors analysis: Steady state errors in control system due tostep, ramp and parabolic
input, Concept of system types and errors constants.
8: stability analysis: Root locus techniques, Construction of Root Loci for simple systems,
Effects of gain on the movement of poles and zeros.
9: Frequency domain analysis of linear systems: Bode plots, polar plots Nichols chart,
Concept of resonance frequency of peak magnification, Nyquist criteria, measure of relative stability- phase and gain margins. Determining margins in Bode plots and Nichols chart, M-circle and M-Contours in Nichols chart.
10: control system performance measures: Improvement of system performance

through compensation , Lead, Lag and leag-lag compensation, PI, PD and PID control.
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Text books: 1. Ogata, k: Modern control Engineering, 4e, pearson Education. 2. Nagrath I. J& Gopal, M: Control system Engineering, New age International publication. 3. Roy Choudhary, D., Control system Engineering, PHI. 4. Kuo, B.C Automatic Control system, PHI
Refernce books:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Control system(TMH WBUT Series), purkait, Satpati, Mondal & Mallik, TMH Bandoypadhyaya, Ccontrol Engineering theory and practice,PHI Nise, Norman S, Control system Engineering, 3rd Edition, johan Wiley & Sons Graham C Goodwin, Stefan F. Graebe, Mario E. Salgado, Control system Design, PHI Macia & Thaler, & Modeling & Control of dynamic system. Thompson
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12: Control Technology
1: Control system (General) 2: Open and closed controls 3: Principle of feed back system 4: Time and frequency domain analysis 5: Equation of physical system 6: Control system components 8: Angular position 9: Control servo mechanism 10 Study of feed back system for automatic control of physical quantity such as voltage speed and mechanical position 11: Industrial application of servo mechanism 12: thermal Hydraulic 13: Mechanical/D.C Motors (Armature Controlled, field Controlled) stability 14: Lag and lead compensation 15: Stability criteria and realization
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13: Power system operation and Control

1: Introduction to power system control and its importance, Modes of power system operation, Major tasks of operation 2: SCADA system1: Control centers, Controller tuning, Communication sub system, Remote terminal unit, data Logging 3: Economic dispatch, Characteristics of power generation units, Economic dispatch problems with and with out consideration of losses, Incremental fuel cost, Penalty factor, Economic power interchange, Voltage power and frequency control 4: Evaluation of the effect of speed change on droop Characteristics 5: Monitoring and control of volume, flow and temperature, Vibration monitoring and control , Weight, width and thickness control. 6. Automatic gauge control. 7. Combustion/burner management in boiler, furnaces etc. 8. Pneumatic electronic and PID Controllers, control Valves, advance control techniques, microprocessor based implementation, PID tuning using Ziegler Nichols method, time-delay system, decentralized control. Related books: 1. Power generation. Operation and control by Woolen Barge, Latest Edition. 2. Power system control technology by Trosten Cegral, Latest Edition. 3. Instrumentation for Process measurement and control, Anderson, N.
(LatestEdition)
4. Power system stability and Control, Kundur, Latest Edition. 5. Computer based industrial control, Kirshankant, prentice Hall, (LatestEdition)
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14: Sub Station Technology

1: Electrical substation introduction:
1. Substation Layouts 2. Bus bar schemes 3. Types of substation and transformer substation
2: Substation Equipment:
1: Introduction 2. Electrical equipment in the Main Circuit 3. Bus bar 4. Circuit Breaker 5. Isolators and Earthing Switches 6. Current transformer and Voltage transformer 7. Rated characteristics of VTs 8. Surges Arresters
2 Bus bar system and Layout:

1. Bus bar system 9Bus bar Lay out) 2. Single bus bar scheme 3. Single Sectionalized Bus bar 4. Double Bus bar scheme 5. Bus coupler 6. Duplicate Bus Scheme with Double Circuit-Breaker 7. Breaker and half scheme (v/I Breaker Scheme)
3: Principle of Substation Design:
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1. Terms and Definitions 2. Developing a substation
4: Design of bus bar

1. Steps bin Bus bar Design 2. Current carrying capacity 3. Spacing of support insulators 4. Insulation requirement of bus bar
5: Substation Earthing System

1. Functiona requirement of Earthing system 2. Description of an Earthing system 3. Step potential and Touch potential 4. Neutral point Earthing 5. Equipment earthing 6. Substation Earthing grid 7. Dimensioning of Earth conductors 8. Earth mat 9. Soil resistivity 10. Value of Soil resistivity 11. Fencing 12. Procedure of laying Earthing-Mat 13. Measurement of Earthing Resistance
6: Auxiliary supplies and battery protection 7: Control and automation in Substations 8: control Room and control panels
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9: Protective Relaying in substation 10. Programmable Equipment for protective Relaying
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15: Communication System

1: Transmission Lines 2: Power lines Carrier 3: Telephony
1. Digital Base band/ pass band 2. Transmission 3. AWG and Intersymbol interference 4. matched filtering and pulse shaping 5. DPCM 6. Delta modulation 7. Digital modulation technique 8. PSK 9. FSK 10. QAM digital multiplexing 11. Clock synchronization 12. bit/byte interlearning
4: Satellite Communication System:

1. Introduction to Satellite system 2. Earth satellite station
5: Mobile communication system:

1. Concept of cellular phone 2. Various type of cell 3. System configuration
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6. Microwave:
1. Introduction system configuration
7: Optical fiber Communication system: Characteristics, types, sources, detectors,

system configuration
Books Recommended: 1. Wyan tomasi, Electronic Communication. 2. Shlon, Digital Communication.
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16: Power system Analysis

1. Branch and Node admittances; mutually coupled Branches in Y-bus; Equivalent 2. Admittance Network; Modification of Y-bus; Impedance matrix and Y-bus. 3. The method of successive elimination; Node Elimination (Kron reduction); Triangular Factorization. 4. The impedance model and network calculations. 5. The bus admittance and impedance Matrices; Thevenins Theorem and Z-bus; modification of an existing z-bus; direct determination of z-bus; Calculation of zbus elements from Y bus. 6. Power Invariant Transformation; mutually coupled branches in z bus. 7. Symmetrical faults, Transients in RL circuits; internal voltage of loaded machines. Under fault conditions; fault calculation using z bus; Equivalent circuits; selection of circuit breakers. 8. Synthesis of unsymmetrical phasors; symmetrical components of unsymmetrical phasors. 9. Symmetrical Y and circuits; power in term of symmetrical components, sequence of networks of Y and impedances, sequence of network of a symmetrical transmission line, sequence of network of the synchronous Machines, sequence network of Ytransformers, unsymmetrical services impedances, sequence network of Ytransformers, unsymmetrical service impedances, sequence network, positive, negative, and zero sequence networks. Unsymmetrical fault of power system; single line to ground faults; line to line faults, Double line to ground faults 10. Demonstration problems; open conductor faults. Load flow studies 11. Steadty state and transient stability & the swing equation.
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12. Application of swing curve & Solution of problems using digital computers, stability of load, effects of mechanical and electrical time lag and delays, electromechanical behavior of machines lines / bus bar / system equal criterion in machine dynamics.
Books Recommended: 1. Elements of power system analysis, William B. S., McGraw Hill, (Latest Edition)
2. Electrical power systems, Weedy, B. M., pergamen, (Latest Edition)
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17: Network Analysis

1. The RLC circuit: The source free parallel circuit, the over damped parallel RLC circuit,
Circuit damping, the under damped parallel RLC circuit, the source free RLC circuit.
2. Poly phase circuits: introduction poly phase system, single phase Three-wire system,
Three-phase Y-Y connection, The Delta connection, Power measurement in three phase systems.
3. Magnetically Coupled Circuits: Introduction mutual inductance, Energy consideration,

the linear transformer, The ideal transformer.
4. complex frequency: Introduction complex frequency, The damped Sinusoidal forcing

function
5. Lap lace transform: Definition of lap lace transform, lap lace transform of the simple time
function, inverse transform techniques, Basic theorem for the lap lace transform, the initial value and final value theorems.
6. Circuit analysis in the s-domain: introduction z(s) and Y (s), Nodal and mesh in the ddomain, Poles, zero and transfer function, Convolution, Natural response in the s-plane.
7. Frequency response: Introduction parallel resonance, series resonance, scaling, Bode

plots, Filters.
8. Two part networks: introduction, one part network, admittance parameters, impedance
parameters, Hybrid parameters, Transmission parameters.
9. Fourier series: Trigonometric form of the Fourier series, Complex form of the Fourier
series.
10. Fourier transform: Definition of the Fourier Transform, properties of the Fourier
transform, Fourier transform pairs, the Fourier transform of a general periodic time function
Books Recommended: 1.Hughs, Electrical technology 2. Florried circuit analysis 3.W.Hayt Engg Circuit Analysisa. 4. Circuit anmalysis of Alxander
33
18: Computer system

1. Analogue Computer: 1. Electrical computation passive and active devices operational amplifier, Integrator, Differentiation, function generator, multipliers, time and amplitude scaling, A/D conversion (Block diagram) 2. Digital computer: Computer elements, numbering system, Boolean algebra, digital circuit gate logic, Multi vibrator, Schmitt trigger, special purpose amplifier, ferromagnetic core, digital voltmeter, computer. 3. Computer unit: Binary counters, and decoders, storage and shift registers, diode and transistor metric adders and sub tractors, computer control and date flow, the arithmetic unit computer memory system, input and out put equipment, programming.
Books Recommended: 1. Analogue computer technique by Atkinson 2. Introduction to switching theiry by Givone
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19: Data and Computer

1. Advantage of network 2.network Topologies 3. Data flow and physical circuits 4. Reference model 5. Telephone system 6. Narrow and Broadband ISDN 7. ATM 8. Wireless transmission 9. Cellular radio communication statellites 10. Local area network (Lan) 11. Wide area network (WAN) 12. Data link layer 13. Design issues 14. Errors detection and correction 14. Sliding window protocols 15. MAC protocols IEEE 802.3 for LAN and MANs 16. Fast Ethernet 17. The network layer 18. Routing 19. Congestion control 20. Internetworking
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21. The network layer in the internet 22. Transport layer 23. TCP and VDP 24. The application layer 25. Network security 26. Domain Name system (DNS) 27. I.P. Electronic Mail 28. World wide web (WWW) 29. Multimedia
Books Recommended: 1. UYLESS BLACK, Computer Networks, Bell Atlantic Education Servuce, 2nd ED. 2.Douglas E. Comer, Computer Network and Internet, printice Hall, 2nd Ed. 200 3. Behroz feroza,m Data and Computer communication 4. Stallings William, Data and Computer communications
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20: Switching and Logic Circuits

1. Boolean Algebra 2.Veain diagram truth tables and K-amp interpretation and gate or, gate nor 3. Gate logical circuits and applied to various controls and elementary treatment of following topics1. Semi conductors theory, doping donors, Accepters P&N materials equivalent circuits, Zenor and tunnel diode, FET Transistors 2. Time, voltage, and lighting sensors, Sensing relays, Application of transistor to switching. 3. SCR, Triacs, SCR circuits SCR with R and L loads PNPN Thyristors, SCS Schocklly diodes 4. Transistors amplifiers, Closed A.B.C Operation bias and stability coupling constant current source, Impedance matching 5. Binary numbers, binary counting, binary decoding 6. Solid state switching, common gates and their constructions. 7. Integrated circuits 8. Boolean algebra +ve,-ve logic system addition multiplication, Demorgon, supplication of Boolean theories 9. T Flip RS flip JK flip flop, Schmitt triggers, Astable multi vibrator Monostable multi vibrator
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21: Applied Physics

1. HEAT: Laws of thermodynamics, Heat engines, Reversible engines , Internal combustion engines and Gas turbines, Entropy of gases(Regress treatment)Earth, solar, Tidal and wind energy, Modern theory of radiation, Planks law, Thermodynamics scale of temperature, low temperature physics and absolute zero, various temperature devices and peizometer. Heat insulation materials and their users in building, Specific heat of solid state theory, Therm elasticity. 2. OPTICS: Spherical and parabolic mirrors, their focal length and application in contraction of powerful telescopes, compound lenses aberrations, Remedies, Resolving power of optical instruments, sextant spectrometer, diffraction grating law of illumination and photometry, deception diffraction, Masers malasessers and their uses, theories of lights, their verification and importance Michel son experience, and its importance, use Doppler effect to measure distance of galaxies from earth. MODERN PHYSICS: System of absolute C.G.S. absolute B.S units, relation between electrical and mechanical units, M.K.S system absolute and rationales dimension of electrical quantities, physical properties of electrons, motion of charged particles in electrostatic and magnetic fields, electron spin space quantization effect, puals exclusion principles and its application, partial lenses, electron optics, electrostatic and electromagnetic lenses, electron microscope with forcing and defection system, principles of diodes, triode, cathode ray tubes and uses of photo electricity, photo multiplier tubes and some of its uses, presss electron theory of metals, bank theory of solid conductors, insulators, semiconductors, electronics structure concept of quanta, wave nature of electron and quantum, new elementary quantum machines, De-pregile practical applications concept of finical size of atomic devices atomic radiation and their effect on structure criteria of design of such structure, sub atomic particle and their properties. NEUTRON PHYSICS: Nuclear reaction, various type of atomic reactors in use particularly reprocessing plant and breeder reactors, peaceful use of atomic energy radio isotopes and their uses in medicines and agriculture , production and
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properties of X-Ray, Scattering diffractions and polarization, practical application in industry, medicine etc. Components effects Magnetic material B.H curves, HYSTERSIS, principles of AC/DC generator and motors, Einsteins special theory of relativity (1) mass energy relation and its importance (2) time relation equation and explanation of Mehraj Rasul with its help.
Books Recommended: 1. Text book of heat (physics) by Rajam 2. Principles of sound by Harnam singh 3. Text book of light by G.N.r Nackes
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22: Engineering Material

FERROUS METALS: The general class of ferrous metals physical property and characteristics such as thermal conductivity, thermal expansion, model of electricity, variation of temperature for various steels, inspection of ferrous metals such as radio graph magnetic particle inspection suspension of steel and electro cast iron 1; white and chilled cash iron 2; malleable cast iron 3; grey cast iron 4; high alloy cast iron INTRODUCTION OF CAST IRON CASTING: Tolerance of cast iron castings whit cast iron and chilled iron casting and mechanical properties and uses malleable, iron casting classification, production properties and application gray cast iron physical mechanical properties insulated gray cast iron moulder cast iron, heat treated cast iron and alley cast iron. CAST STEELS: Classification manufactures of steel casting size tolerance for steel casting plane carbon steel casting low alloy cast steel mechanical properties and application of steel casting corrosion resistance castings mechanical and physical properties. COMMERCIAL PURE IRON (GUTTURAL): Available forms mechanical properties, physical properties and applications, Rough alloy steels and high strength compensation and mechanical properties and influence of alloying elements such as phosphors, copper, silicon, nickel, chromium, and molybdenum medium alloy steel function of alloying elements such a aluminum, chromium, cobalt, manganese, molyibdum nickel, phosphers, silicone, bearing steel boron steels, requirements of steel of high temperature, applications specification and properties of stainless and resisting steels, mechanical compositions, typical uses, mechanical properties and mechanical treatment of stainless steel, clad steel,
40
mechanical properties fabrication and application of super alloy, general features and applications. NON FERROUS METALS: Aluminimum properties grades of aluminum standard alloy of aluminum, Al-powder Al foil properties of alloy, copper types and forms properties such as tensile strength properties in fatigue sheers strength nodules of elasticity, Hardness ductility, Density, Toughness, Thermal expansion, Thermal conductivity elasticity, conductivity, alloy of copper special purpose metal alloy iron and silicon steel and magnetic application permanents materials, Commercial electrical conduction material major factors influence in source voltage and current and other factors, thermostatic bi-metals there fundamentals properties and uses, bearing materials properties, importance bearing bronzes copper lead heat each bearing, tin base and lead base, silver steel ball bearing Al bearing, Laminated plastic bearing, graphite bearing rubber bearing, fraction materials for brakes and clutches, asbestos base type of bread lining powder metal, friction elements B) WOOD MATERIALS: Impairing comperfing stay pack, taper fiber building boards, insulation type general characteristics. C) FIBER: Classification, natural regenerated and synthetic properties physical, engineering extensibility Sniffiness, thoroughness, elastic, recovery, thermal property and resistance to moisture, inset attach weathering electoral property and industrial application. D) PLASTIC AND RUBBERS: Classification types general properties thermal properties, electrical properties and mechanical properties of plastic thermoplastic, materials, two group from cellulose and by poly merazine authentic monomers, Rubber definition and types natural synthetic such as tensile hardness tear resistance abrasion, creep aging of iron and solvent resistance and electrical properties resistance abrasion creep aging of iron and solvent resistance and electrical properties. E) PAPERS: Classification cellos pulp wood pulp wood pulp red pulp reclaimed paper puopt just, straw bagasses and cotton inters. Cellulose paper in electrical
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industry cable industry insulator insulation paper bussing paper opal binding paper raisin board hard or vulcanized paper opal binding paper raisin board or vulcanized paper electrical properties physical and chemical properties and stability, properties application of a paper and board physical requirements moisture and gas resistance requirements corrosion properties mould bacterial resistance flame resistance paper specially for industrial application organic paper as bates papers products glass fiber papers silk and ceramic fiber paper and mica papers classification thermoplastic or non convertible coatings convertible seating, thermosetting film forming materials dryer pigments general cescription. F) FUELS: Available types of commercial fuels and solid liquid and gad fuels petroleum fuel properties viscosity flash point kerosene. Motor fuels, diesel fuels, gaseous fuels classification their constituents, properties combustion. G) CERAMIC MATERIALS: Properties i.e.s Density porosity, hardness, abrasion, resistance chemical dielectric, loss tractors, volume unspecific resistivity. Glass: general types properties and gass product used in building and other insulating equipment, committing materials and concrete.
Books Recommended: 1. Process and physical Matallurgy by Garsid 2. Chemical process industry by Noise SH Revi
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23: Total quality management

1. Introduction to Quality: Quality concept, types and aspects, significance of quality. 2. Commitment and Leader ship: Commitment and policy, Creating or changing the
culture, effective leadership.
3. Quality for planning: Flow charting, process charting, purchase planning, planning for JIT. 4. Design for quality: Innovation, Quality function Deployment and the house of quality. 5. Quality related costs: Prevention, Appraisal, and failure costs, Models for quality costing. 6. Quality measurement: Significance, methods 7. Tools and techniques for quality Improvement: Basic tools, Advance tools. 8. Quality management system (ISO 9000 series): Significance, documentation,
Implementation and certification, Audits, Expected problems.
9. Environmental management system (ISO 14000series):

documentation, Implementation and certification, Audits, Expected problems.
Significance,
Books Recommended:
1. Oakland J.S.TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMNT, Bulterworth Heinemann Ltd. UK. 2. ISO 9000 series of standard 3. ISO 14000 series of standard 4. Feigenbsum, TOTAL QUALITYCONTROL. McGraw Hill Book Co.USA. 5. Gillow H.S and Gilow S.J TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN ACTION prentice Hall UK. 6. Musa, ISO 9000, Ibrahim publishers, Lahore. 7. Kuhre W.L.A PACITCAL GUIDE FOR OBTAINING ISO 1400/CERTIFICATION. Prentice Hall UK.
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24: Industrial management

1. Introduction to management: Science of Art, History of management, Management functions, 2. Organizational structure: Types of organizations, Organizational Hierarchy, Properties of Narrow and wide organizations 3. Production process: Types of production, Scale of production, Selection of technology, Input requirement, Capacity Utilization 4. Productivity: basic concepts, Classification, Quantitative measurement, Productivity Improvement. 5. Project management: Properties of projects, project life cycle, project net work analysis, Resource requirements, Monitoring and control, Use of computer. 6. Inventory management: Inventory replenishment, Economic lot size, Re-order point, safety stock level, JIT, Use of computer. 7. Human Resource Management: Management style, psychological types, recruitment and training, job evaluation, performance Appraisal, Motivation and incentives.
Books Recommended: 1. Babcock D.L MANAGEMENT ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, prentice Hall, UK 2. Zuberi M.H INDUSTRUAL MANAGEMENT, Rabbani printing press, Lahore. 3. Bateman T. S. and Snell S. A MANAGEMENT: BUILDING COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE. Times Mirrors Higher Education Group, USA. 4. Spinner M. ELEMENTS OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT. Prentice Hall UK.
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25: Electrical measurement and measuring instrument

1. Calibration of instruments errors and their compensation 2. Theory of electrostatic instruments 3. Electronics methods of voltage and current measurements 4. Thermocouple instruments 5. Millimeter and V.T.V.M digital meters 6. High frequency testing methods 7. Bridges and null network for R L C measurements 8. Measurements of natural inductance and small capacitance 9. Measurement of frequency and phase measurement of insulation resistance and earth resistance of install ions including high voltage machines and earth resistance 10. Measurements of conductivity of metals heat conductivity 11. Temperature rise and dielectric constant of insulators
Books Recommended: 1. Electrical instruments and measurements by Golding 2. Electrical measurements by C T Baldwin 3. Instruments & measurements for Electronics by Herrick
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26: Electrical power generation transmission and distribution

1. Energy sources (conventional solar energy, solar batteries, gas, thermal energy fission, Hydrogen fusion sources) 2. Conventional power plants 3. Power generation control used at central station in Multan, Faisalabad, Mangla, Tarbella prime mover power control study and specific installation mentioned above. 4. Emphasis to be made on the study of complete system. 5. Nuclear plant: Review of nuclear power plant theory, classification of reactors, power reactor central station power reactors, fuels, processing and re-processing of fuels, fuel insertion and machines used fuel safety in the reactor and during storage before and after use, reactor radiation shielding radiation units, shielding of Gamma rays and neutrons, introduction to shield material construction, radiation damages, problems regarding safety of personal and disposal of Radio active waste, Reactor control parameters, sensing devices, amplifiers and method of control. 4. Load be fore casting 5. Generator scheduling economic operation frequency control and load dispatching voltage control 6. VAR vcompensation by the series and shunt elements scheduling assessment integral control using automatic devices.
Books Recommended: 1. Elements of power system analysis by Steven son. 2. Elements of power station design by M. V. Desh pande. 3. Nuclear power plants by Dr. S. M. Bhutta
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27: Electrical Magnetic Field

1. Review of vector analysis 2. Contesian 3. Cylindrical and spherical coordinate system 4. Gradient 5. Divergence and Curl Static Electric fields 6. Coulombs law 7. Gausss Law 8. Electric flux density and electric potential 9. Capacitance 10. Electrostatic energy and force 11. Static magnetic field 12. Biot-Savart law 13. Ampere circuital law inductance 14. Magnetic energy and force 15. Maxwells Equations 16. Boundary conditions.
Books Recommended: 1. B. Bolton Electro Magnitesion 2. W. Hayt. Electromagnetic fields.

end
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