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RBC Count:
At birth: 6-8 million/cumm
Adults: 5-6 million/cumm
Females 4.5- 6 million/cumm
FUNCTIONS
z Transport of oxygen.
z Helps in identifying the blood groups.
RBC indices:
1. MCV volume of RBC in cubic microns.(Normal range 78 – 94 cubic
microns)
< 78cubic micron -microcytes, > 94 cubic micron macrocytes.
2. MCH: Amount of hemoglobin in a single RBC in pico gm.
Normal range: 28 -32 pg.
3. MCHC: Concentration of hemoglobin in a single RBC
(NORMAL -32-35%)
MCHC < 33% HYPOCHROMIC RBC
NOTE: MCHC is never greater than 38% as RBC can not carry Hb beyond
their saturation point. Thus anemia can never be hyperchromic
HAEMOPOIESIS
It is the development of the blood cells ie. RBC, WBC and platelets
ERYTHROPOIESIS
Stages of erythropoiesis
STEM CELLS
PROERYTHROBLAST
EARLY NORMOBLAST
INTERMEDIATE NORMOBLAST
LATE NORMOBLAST
RETICULOCYTES
ERYTHROCYTES
APPLIED
1. Anemia- When RBC counts are < 4 million/mm3 or Hb content <12gm %
in females and < 13 gm % in males, then this condition is called anemia.
Graded as:
Mild Anemia - 8 – 12 gm %
Moderate Anemia - 5 – 8 gm%
Severe Anemia - < 5 gm%
1. Megaloblastic anemias
z Folic acid deficiency
z Pernicious anemia.
Polycythemia:
RBC COUNT > 6milllion/cumm.
It is the condition characterized by excess number of RBC in the blood.