ACCOUNTANCY ASSIGNMENT Nirmal Mathew 11p1682 1. DISTINGUISH BETWEEN MANUAL ACCOUNTING AND COMPUTERIZED ACCOUNTING.

ANS: MANUAL ACCOUNTING ACCOUNTING 1. THE TRAIL OF EVENTS CAN BE EASILY CANNOT BE ESTABLISHED EASILY. ESTABLISHED. 2. THE DATA IS NOT SUBJECTED TO THE RISK OF MANIPULATION. RISK OF MANIPULATION. 3. THE DATA CANNOT BE ADJUSTED TO ADJUSTED TO GENERATE VARIOUS THE DATA CAN BE EASILY THE DATA IS SUBJECT TO COMPUTERIZED

THE TRAIL OF EVENTS

PRODUCE VARIOUS SPECIAL STATEMENTS AND SPECIAL STATEMENTS AND REPORTS. REPORTS. 4. THE COST OF PREPARING STATEMENTS & THE COST OF PREPARING STATEMENTS & REPORTS WILL BE LOW IN THE LONG RUN. REPORTS IS HIGH. 5. THE REPORTS ARE BROAD & GENERAL. THE REPORTS CAN BE PREPARED TO MEET THE NEEDS OF DIFFERENT MANAGERS.

2. DISCUSS THE ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTERIZED ACCOUNTING. ANS: 1. ACCOUNTING WORK IS DONE AT A VERY HIGH SPEED. 2. IT PROVIDES UPTO-DATE INFO TO THE MANAGEMENT. 3. ACCOUNTING FUNCTIONS ARE DONE MORE ACCURATELY. 4. THIS SYSTEM IS VERSATILE. 5. A LARGE AMOUNT OF INFO CAN BE STORED AND RETRIEVED EASILY.

6. THE COST IS VERY LOW.

3. STATE THE DISADVANTAGES OF COMPUTERIZED ACCOUNTING. ANS: 1. SPECIAL PROGRAMMES MADE BY PROFSSIONALS ARE REQUIRED TO ENABLE THE COMPUTER TO CARRY OUT ACCOUNTING OPERATIONS. 2. A COMPUTER CAN BE OPERATED ONLY BY TECHNICALLY QUALIFIED PERSONS. 3. A COMPUTER REQUIRES COSTLY PERIPHERALS, SUCH AS FLOPPY DISKS FOR STORAGE, PRINTERS, ETC. 4. THE COMPUTERIZED ACCOUNTING IS COSTLY. 5. REGULAR BACKUPS ON VARIOUS STORAGE DEVICES, SUCH AS HARD DISKS, FLOPPY DISKS, MAGNETIC TAPES ETC. ARE REQUIRED TO GUARD AGAINST POSSIBLE LOSS OF DATA. 6. DATA IN A COMPUTER IS SUBJET TO RISK OF VIRUSES.

4. DESCRIBE THE AREAS IN WHICH COMPUTERIZED ACCOUNTING IS APPLICABLE IN THE BUSINESS. ANS: 1. TRANSACTION PROCESSING OR RECORDING. 2. PAYROLL ACCOUNTING 3. DEBTORS ACCOUNTING 4. STORES ACCOUNTING 5. PREPARATION OF VARIOUS TYPES OF BUDGETS. 6. PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.

5. WHAT IS DATA BASE MANAGEMENT? DISCUSS ITS ADVANTAGES. ANS: A DATABASE IS A COMPUTER FILE SYSTEM THAT USES A PARTICULAR FILE ORGANIZATION TO FACILITATE RAPID UPDATING OF INDIVIDUAL RECORD, UPDATING OF INDIVIDUAL RECORDS, SIMULTANEOUS EASY ACCESS TO ALL RECORDS, BY ALL APPLICATION PROGRAMMES, & RAPID ACCESS TO ALL STORED DATA WHICH MUST BE BROUGHT TOGETHER FOR A PARTICULAR ROUTINE REPORT OR ENQUIRY OR A SPCIAL PURPOSE REPORT.

THE ADVANNTAGES ARE: 1. THE DATA HAS TO BE STORED ONLY ONCE AND THAT CAN BE USED FOR DIFFERENT PERSONS FOR DIFFERENT PURPOSES. 2. ONCE THE DATA ARE PUT CORRECTLY TO THE DATABASE, IT WILL BE COPIED ACCURATELY TO EVERY RECORD IN WHICH THE DATA IS RECORDED. 3. IT MINIMISES DUPLICATION OF DATA FROM FILE TO FILE. 4. IT CONTRIBUTES TO IMPROVED DATA INTEGRITY.

6. DISCUSS THE DISADVANTAGES OF DATA BASE SYSTEM. ANS: 1. WHEN MORE THAN ONE USER UTILISES A DATA BASE SYSTEM, CONCURRENCY PROBLEMS MAY OCCUR. 2. THERE MAY ARIS OWNERSHIP PROBLEMS. 3. IT REQUIRES EXTRA COMPUTER RESOURCES. 4. THERE IS ALSO THE PROBLEM OF SECURITY.

7. WHAT ARE THE ACCOUNTING PACKAGES? DESCRIBE THE VARIOUS ACCOUNTING PACKAGES USED IN COMPUTERIZED ACCOUNTING. ANS: THE ACCOUNTING PACKAGE USES VARIOUS OTHER PROGRAMMES TO SOLVE ACCOUNTING PROBLEMS. TWO TYPES OF ACCOUNTING PACKAGES ARE: 1. TALLY- IT IS A PRODUCT OF PEUTRONICS Pvt. Ltd. IT IS A ACCOUNTING PACKAGE. 2. WINDOWS BASED ACCOUNTING PACKAGE: IT IS ONE OF THE SIMPLEST & MOST USER FRIENDLY PACKAGES OR SOFTWARES.

8. WHAT IS A FLOW CHART? ANS: TO USE A COMPUTER FOR SOLVING A POBLEM WE HAVE TO CONVERT THE CORRESPONDING ALGORITHM INTO A PROGRAM IN A CERTAIN PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE. THIS STEP IS THE DRAWING OF A FLOW CHART.

9. EXPAND ASCII. ANS: AMERICAN STANDARD CODE FOR INFORMATION INTERCHANGE.

10. EXPAND EBCDIC. ANS: EXTENDED BINARY CODEED DECIMAL INTERCHANGE CODE.

11. WHAT ARE SPREAD SHEETS? ANS: A SPREADSHEET IS A LARGE SHEET SPREAD WIDE LIKE A PAGE OF A NEWSPAPER OR 2 FACING PAGES OF A MAGAZINE OR A BOOK.

12. WHAT IS WORD PROCESSING? ANS: WORD PROCESSING MEANS USING A WORD PROCESSOR TO PRODUCE LETTERS, TABLES, REPORTS, BOOKS ETC. THAT CAN BE CORRECTED, STORED ON DISKS & PRINTED.