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01/23/09 1
Greek alphabet:
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Greek name
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Α α Alpha
01/23/09 2
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Β β Beta
01/23/09 3
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Γ γ Gamma
01/23/09 4
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∆ δ Delta
01/23/09 5
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Ε ε epsilon
01/23/09 6
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Ζ ζ Zeta
01/23/09 7
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Η η Eta
01/23/09 8
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Θ θ theta
01/23/09 9
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Ι ι Iota
01/23/09 10
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Κ κ kappa
01/23/09 11
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Λ λ lambda
01/23/09 12
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Μ µ Mu
01/23/09 13
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Ν ν nu
01/23/09 14
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Ξ ξ Xi
01/23/09 15
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Ο ο omicron
01/23/09 16
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Π π Pi
01/23/09 17
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Ρ ρ rho
01/23/09 18
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Σ σ sigma
01/23/09 19
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Τ τ Tau
01/23/09 20
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ϒ υ upsilon
01/23/09 21
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Φ φ Phi
01/23/09 22
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Χ χ Chi
01/23/09 23
Greek alphabet:
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Ψ ψ Psi
01/23/09 24
Greek alphabet:
Greek letter
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Ω ω omega
01/23/09 25
Abbreviations:
Physical
Symbol Unit Symbol
Quantity
Length L Meter m
01/23/09 26
Abbreviations:
Physical
Symbol Unit Symbol
Quantity
Mass M Kilogram Kg
01/23/09 27
Abbreviations:
Physical
Symbol Unit Symbol
Quantity
01/23/09 28
Abbreviations:
Physical
Symbol Unit Symbol
Quantity
01/23/09 29
Abbreviations:
Physical
Symbol Unit Symbol
Quantity
Temperature T or θ Kelvin K
01/23/09 30
Abbreviations:
Physical
Symbol Unit Symbol
Quantity
01/23/09 31
Abbreviations:
Physical
Symbol Unit Symbol
Quantity
01/23/09 32
Abbreviations:
Physical
Symbol Unit Symbol
Quantity
Electric currant
I Ampere A or C/s
intensity
01/23/09 33
Abbreviations:
Physical
Symbol Unit Symbol
Quantity
Potential
V Volt V
difference
01/23/09 34
Abbreviations:
Physical
Symbol Unit Symbol
Quantity
Volume V Meter3 m3
01/23/09 35
Abbreviations:
Physical
Symbol Unit Symbol
Quantity
Velocity or
V Meter/second m/s
speed
01/23/09 36
Abbreviations:
Physical
Symbol Unit Symbol
Quantity
Gravitational Meter /
g ≈ 9.8 m/s2
acceleration second2
01/23/09 37
Abbreviations:
Physical
Symbol Unit Symbol
Quantity
Force F Newton N
01/23/09 38
Abbreviations:
Physical
Symbol Unit Symbol
Quantity
Power P Watt W
01/23/09 39
Prefixes of the metric system:
Tera [T] = 1012 Deci [d] = 10-1
Giga [G]= 109 Centi [c] = 10-2
Mega [M]= 106 Milli [m]= 10-3
Kilo [k]= 103 Micro [µ]= 10-6
Hecto [h] = 102 Nano [n]= 10-9
Deka [d] = 10 Pico [p]= 10-12
Femto [f]= 10-15
Atto [a] = 10-18
01/23/09 40
Prefixes of the metric system:
Mega [M]
x103
Kilo [K]
x103
Unit x10+ve X10-ve
x103
Milli [m]
x103
Micro [µ]
01/23/09 41
Some examples:
1 kilometer = 1 x 103 = 1000 m
1 centimeter = 1 x 10-2 = 0.01 m
1 megaton = 1 x 106 T
1 mille ampere = 1 x 10-3 A
1 microvolt = 1 x 10-6 V
1 gigahertz = 1 x 109 Hz
1 Pico farad = 1 x 10-12 F
01/23/09 42
Some important conversions:
Lengths:
Centimeter [cm] = 10–2 meter [m]
Millimeter [mm] = 10-3 meter [m]
Angstrom [Å] = 10-10 meter [m]
01/23/09 43
Some important conversions:
Areas:
cm2= 10-4 m2
mm2 = 10-6 m2
01/23/09 44
Some important conversions:
Volumes:
Litter =10-3 m3 = 103 cm3
cm3 = 10-6 m3
mm3 = 10-9 m3
01/23/09 45
Important remark:
multiply (x10 + ve )
big unit → small unit
divide(x10ve ) or multiply(x10 -ve )
small unit
→ big unit
01/23/09 46
Some Geometrical principles:
Perimeter:
Circle: 2 πr
Square = 4 L
Rectangle = 2 (L+B)
01/23/09 47
Some Geometrical principles:
Area:
Square: L2 [side x side]
Rectangle: Length x breadth
Circle: π r2
Sphere: 4 π r2
Cube: side x side x 6
Triangle: ½ base x height
01/23/09 48
Some Geometrical principles:
Volume:
Sphere: 4/3 π r3
Cylinder: πr2 x height
Cube: L3
Cuboids: L x B x H [length x breadth x height]
01/23/09 49
Some important rules:
Physical concept: Area
Rule: L x W
Dimensional formula: L2
SI units: m2
01/23/09 50
Some important rules:
Physical concept: Volume
Rule: L x W x h
Dimensional formula: L3
SI units: m3
01/23/09 51
Some important rules:
Physical concept: Velocity
Displacement
Rule:
time
SI units: m/sec
01/23/09 52
Some important rules:
Physical concept: Acceleration
Velocity
Rule:
time
SI units: m/sec2
01/23/09 53
Some important rules:
Physical concept: Force
SI units: kg m / sec2
01/23/09 54
Some important rules:
Physical concept: pressure
Force
Rule:
area
SI units: kg / m sec2
01/23/09 55
Some important rules:
Physical concept: Work
SI units: kg m2 / sec2
01/23/09 56
Opposite
sin θ =
Hypotenuse
e
nus
o te
p
Hy
θ Opposite
01/23/09 57
Adjacent
cos θ =
Hypotenuse
use
ten
o
H yp
Adjacent
01/23/09 58
Opposite
Slope = Tanθ =
Adjacent
Opposite
θ
Adjacent
01/23/09 59
Graphs:
Directly proportional:
y
yαx
θ
y=kx x
01/23/09 60
Graphs:
Inversely proportional:
y
y
1/x
x
y α 1/x
y = k /x
01/23/09 61
Vectors:
F1
F1
R = F12 + F22
F2
01/23/09 62
Calculator:
25
7 x3 x 2
= 25 ÷ 7 ÷ 3 ÷ 2
or
25 ÷ (7x3x2)
8 x 10-11 =
8 [exp] – 11
01/23/09 63
Using the calculator in graphs:
Clear the memory.
prepare the calculator for graph:
Mode (REG) (LIN)
Interring data:
X [ , ] Y [dt]
Results:
Intersection point with Y axis: [sh + 2 → ] (A) [=]
Slope: [sh + 2 →] (B) [=]
Y: X [sh + 2 →] (Y) [=]
X: Y [sh + 2 →] (X) [=]
01/23/09 64
Examples:
1. Convert the following:
20 cm into meters.
40 cm3 into meters cube.
2. Find the volume of a spherical ball has a radius of 3 cm.
3. Find the dimensional formula and units for the following:
Area of triangle.
Area of circle.
Force.
Pressure.
Energy.
01/23/09 65