Violence & Suicide Prevention

Lifetime Health Chapter 4: Pg. 76- 97 Chapter 5: Pg. 100-113

Project
Suicide-Prevention Pamphlet
NOTE: Use Information from notes, book, or approved resource (by Mr. Swan).

Include: - Myths & Facts - Adults To Contact - Statistics - Typed - More, if Necessary

- Warning Signs - Professional Contacts - Pictures - Cited Sources

Suicide Key Terms

Suicidal Mindset: the feelings that suicide is the only solution to the problems of living (tunnel vision).

Suicidal Thinking: the desire to take ones own life.

Suicide: the taking of ones own life.

Suicide - Statistics
- Major health problem in the United States. - 30,000/year commit suicide each year in the US. - Teen suicide is rising at an alarming rate (quadrupled in the last 40 years). - 1/3 of all teen deaths are a result of suicide.

Suicide - Statistics
- Only 40% of those (in the US) who have depression are identified and diagnosed. - Half of those 40% receive proper treatment. - 80% of those treated respond successfully.

RESPOND: Approximately how many people out of 100 with depression are treated successfully?

ANSWER
100 Total People Have Depression 40% of 100 total= 40 People Identified/Diagnosed of 40 people = 20 people receive proper treatment 80% of 20 people = 16 people respond successfully ANSWER: 16 out of 100 people

Leading Up To Suicide
Decision to end life does not happen over night. Teen years can feel overwhelming. New responsibilities, challenges, and pressures can seem overpowering. Overpowering Emotional Overload.

Leading Up To Suicide
Emotional Overload Depression Depression: feelings of helplessness, hopelessness, and sadness. Feelings associated with depression can be further complicated (troubling life events):
Divorce Sexual Abuse Homeless ETC. - Loss of loved One - Physical Abuse - Emotional Abuse - Injury - Traumatic Experience

Leading Up To Suicide
Building on The Problem - Teens will eventually feel alienated.

- Alienated: feeling isolated and separate from everyone else.

- All of this adds up and over time, some teens are so desperate, they take drastic measures to escape.

Why the Increase in Teen Suicide?

Rising divorce rate and breakup of families.
Teenagers lack family support or close relative that they can relate to. Few decades Ago - Several generations of families lived in the same house. - Teens had several (at least one) trusted family member they could self-disclose to.

Why the Increase in Teen Suicide?

Moving is more common for teens. Parents find new job or current job transfers to new city. With each move, teens lose old friends and are now outsiders coming to a new school.

In times of trouble, teens lack support systems from friends.

Why the Increase in Teen Suicide?

Troubled families. Pressure to succeed in school, athletics, future plans.

Increased use of alcohol and other drugs amongst teens (mind altering substances).
Media has romanticized suicide. When celebrities commit suicide, they are made in mythic figures (24 hour news coverage, support).

Suicide Risk Factors

Depression - Isolation Angry - Substance Abuse Violence - Emotional Abuse Sexual Abuse - Physical Abuse Prior Suicide Attempts - Access to Firearms Jail Time - Suicide Exposure Family History of Mental Illness

*Some cases of suicide are accidental (substance abuse or mishandling of firearms).

Warning Signs - Verbal

Direct Statements: I want to die I dont want to live anymore I wish I were dead

Warning Signs - Verbal

Indirect Statements:
I (or you) wont have to put up with this much longer I just want to go to sleep and never wake up Theyll be sorry when I am gone. Soon this pain will be over I cant take it anymore Nothing Matters or Who cares or Whats the use

Warning Signs - Verbal

Expressions that deal with death: - Poems - Song Lyrics - Diary Entries

Warning Signs Nonverbal/Behavioral

Depression & Hopelessness Lack of energy and zest for life. Withdrawal from family, friends, and social activities. Drop in grades.

Trouble Concentrating.

Warning Signs Nonverbal/Behavioral

Giving away possessions or otherwise settling affairs. Extreme sensitivity to what others say and do. Increased risk taking and other aggressive behavior. Personality changes.

Complaints about physical symptoms (stomachaches, headaches, or fatigue) that are related to emotional problems.

Warning Signs Nonverbal/Behavioral

A sudden upbeat mood (decision has been made).
Neglect of or dramatic change in appearance.

Rebellious behavior or running away.

Bizarre Behavior. Drug and Alcohol Use Violent Actions.

Warning Signs Nonverbal/Behavioral

Change in eating habits and sleeping patterns. Persistent boredom.

Decline in quality of work.

Loss of interest in once pleasurable activities. Not responding to praise or rewards.

Preventing Suicide
Conditions leading to suicide are almost always treatable. Suicide thoughts are temporary, but death is permanent. There is help out there!

Prevention Helping Others

Suicidal Individuals feel that no one cares about them. 1st thing that will help is to show your caring and concern. Show your caring and concern by the following

Prevention Helping Others

Take all suicidal talk as serious. Actively listen and show support. Be calm and understanding. Allow person to express themselves.

Prevention Helping Others

Let the person know how much you and others care. Explain that the problems and feelings are temporary.

Emphasis that there is professional help available that will make things better.
Make it clear that you understand their suicidal intentions (ending pain suffering), but EMPHASIS that suicide is not the answer.

Prevention Helping Others

Inform the person that most survivors of suicide attempts are thankful for new life. Ask the person their plan of committing suicide. Make sure that no weapons or drugs are available.

Do not leave the person if the threat is immediate. Take them to a professional.

Prevention Helping Others

Suggest that the person talks to a trusted adult or trained professional. Offer to make all the contacts regarding the situation. Never agree to keep it a secret.

Contact trusted adult or professional, dont keep it to yourself.

Prevention Helping Yourself

If you are feeling that life is too painful to continue, you MUST ask for help. You are in a position where you CANNOT see the alternatives to suicide. You will be surprised at how many people so care about you. People have a hard time showing their cares.

Prevention Helping Yourself

Adults Who You Might Ask For Help From 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Parent / Guardian Grandparent, Aunt, Uncle, or other Relative Teacher School Counselor Therapist at a Mental-Health Center Minister, Priest, Rabbi, or other Religious Leader Neighbor Person Who Staffs The Local Suicide Hotline, Crisis Hotline, or 911 Emergency # 9. Person Who Answers The Phone At The Police Department 10.Others

Contact Information
Everyone will write this down
Harney County Crisis Hotline: (541) 573-8376 National Suicide Hotline: National Suicide Prevention: 1-800-Suicide 1-800-273-Talk

Multiple Suicides
Cluster Suicides: number of suicides occurring within a short space of time and involving several people in the same school or community. - Results from suicidal pacts or agreements.

- When they fail, surviving members have enormous amounts of guilt.

Myth vs. Fact

MYTH: Suicide usually occurs without warning.

Myth vs. Fact

FACT: While some suicides might be impulsive, usually the person has thought about suicide for a long time.

Myth vs. Fact

MYTH: People who talk about killing themselves rarely commit suicide.

Myth vs. Fact

FACT: Most people who commit suicide have talked about it before.

Myth vs. Fact

MYTH: If you ask a person if he or she is considering suicide, you will encourage that person to commit suicide.

Myth vs. Fact

FACT:
You will not cause a suicide by asking if someone is thinking about it. People who are not suicidal will not be influenced by the question. People who are considering suicide will feel relieved that someone cares enough to ask and to listen to their problem.

Myth vs. Fact

MYTH: All suicidal people want to die.

Myth vs. Fact

FACT: A suicide attempt is often a cry for help. The person may be asking for help to live.

Myth vs. Fact

Myth: When a suicidal person suddenly seems calm and serene, there is no longer any danger of suicide.

Myth vs. Fact

FACT: A suicidal person who suddenly acts calm and serene may have decided to commit suicide and therefore feels relief that a decision has been made.

Myth vs. Fact

MYTH: If someone makes a suicidal comment while drunk or high, it isnt very serious.

Myth vs. Fact

FACT: People who are under the influence of alcohol or other drugs may be at a greater risk of acting on suicidal thoughts because their judgment is impaired and they may be more impulsive.

Myth vs. Fact

MYTH: All people who commit suicide are mentally ill.

Myth vs. Fact

FACT: Many people who feel suicidal are not mentally ill. They may be in a period of intense emotional crisis.

Myth vs. Fact

MYTH: Once a person is suicidal, he or she will always be suicidal.

Myth vs. Fact

FACT: Many people consider suicide for only a brief period in their lives. A person who attempts suicide and survives may never attempt it again if proper support and treatment is found.

Myth vs. Fact

MYTH: The tendency toward suicide is inherited and passed from parent to child.

Myth vs. Fact

FACT:
Suicide is a behavior and cannot be inherited. However, depression may have a genetic basis. Severely depressed people may harbor more thoughts of suicide than those who do not suffer from depression.

Homework
Pg. 95 Lesson Review #2, #3, #4, #5
Pg. 99 Lesson Review #2

Conflict Management

RESPOND

In your own words, how would you define the term conflict? Give an example.

What is Conflict?
Conflict can happen anywhere, with anyone, and can be about anything. Conflict: is any clash of ideas or interests. How we deal with conflict will determine if it ends in a healthy way. If not handled correctly, serious problems occur.

Major Sources of Conflict

Resources: two or more people want the same thing, but only one can have it. Values & Expectations: different ideas about what is important or how things should be done.

Emotions: usually hurt feelings or anger, often times a reaction to rudeness or insensitivity.

Recognizing Signs of Conflict

A lot of warnings signs, but the most common include the following: (1) Disagreements (2) Emotions (3) Others Behavior

Avoiding Conflict
Several ways to stop conflict, popular ways include: (1) Pick your battles (2) Respect different opinions (3) Take a break

In Class

Pg. 289 Lesson Review #5 5 Mins Be Prepared to Share

The Conflict Cycle

Conflict Response to Conflict
Consequences of Response to Conflict Attitudes about Conflict Conflict

Communicating During Conflict

People manage conflict differently. Usually you respond to conflict in the way most familiar to you. This could be positive or negative.

How you respond will affect the next conflict. (Cycle Repeats)

The Conflict Cycle

Conflict Response to Conflict
Consequences of Response to Conflict Attitudes about Conflict Conflict

Express Yourself
During conflict, emotions are hard to control for both sides. Staying calm will allow you to accurately express yourself.

Take deep breaths. Ask the other person for a moment to think if necessary.

Choose Your Words

Choosing the right words to express yourself is a big deal. Tips on Choosing the Right Words - speak openly and honestly - use words that explain how you feel - do not use abusive or threatening language - do not make demands, threats, insults - Avoid the word YOU! Use I or me!

Choose Your Words

In Class
Find a partner. When you have a partner, stand next to each other and look at me. When given the signal, one of the partners must leave the room.

In Class
When the partner returns, I will tell them to tell you about something exciting that they have done in the last year.

I will inform them that you are going to take notes on their story. What you are really going to do is write down how they use their body to communicate.

In Class
- Students who were in the hall need to think of something exciting that they have done in the last year and tell your partner. - Partners, take notes about their story.

- Story Discussions Recap

Body Language
Body Language: communication that is done by the body and not by words.
The majority of communication is non verbal. Be careful not to send the wrong messages with your body. Usually a relaxed body shows that you are open to listening to others.

LISTENING STRATEGIES
MAINTAIN EYE CONTACT
Demonstrates Attentiveness Keeps Mind from Wandering Pick up on non-verbal communication

BE QUIET
Listen without response Allow time to process You have two ears and one mouth for a reason

LISTENING STRATEGIES
SEND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Verbal and Non Verbal
Let the speaker know you are still there
EXAMPLES: Umhum Alright OK YES

Does Not Imply Agreement, Acknowledges Interest

LISTENING STRATEGIES
EVALUATION (Self-Check)
- Ask Yourself Questions:
What are the main points? Key Info? Key Concepts? Are you following the conversation or lecture? Can you summarize up to this point? Is your mind wandering? Are you hearing or listening? Hidden Agenda?

Resolving Conflicts
Negotiation: the act of discussing the issues of a conflict to reach an agreement - Requires both parties to understand/respect the other persons position. - Allows conflicts to be solved easily/calmly.

- Insures that both parties get at least some of what they want out of a conflict.

Resolving Conflicts
Compromise: solution to a conflict in which each side gives up something to reach an agreement. - Must learn to do this, because it is a skill that you will need throughout your life.

Resolving Conflicts
Collaboration: is a solution to a conflict in which both sides work together to get what they want.

- When possible, collaboration is better than compromise. - No one gives up anything, both get what they want.

Resolving Conflicts
Mediation: is a process in which another person, called a mediator, listens to both sides of the conflict and then offers a solution to the conflict. - Mediation may speed up process.

- Mediator can keep conflict from getting out of control.

Resolving Conflicts
Not everyone can be a mediator.! A good mediator characteristics: (1) Special training (2) Objectivity (no sides) (3) Understanding (4) Ability to Control Situation

Resolving Conflicts
Peer Mediation: is mediation in which the mediator is of familiar age to the people in the conflict. - Many school have these program, easy accessible. - Individuals feel that a peer mediator can understand their conflicts easier.

- Must have training. Without training, it would be easy to get involved and make things worse.

Homework
Pg. 293 Lesson Review #3, #4

Pg. 297 Lesson Review #2

WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO BE A VICTIM OF A CRIME?

CRIME VICTIM: a person who has suffered financial, psychological and/or physical harm as a result of an illegal act
When the victim is a minor, victim includes the parents/guardian
Some examples of crimes that have victims: Theft Stalking Sexual assault Sexual harassment

Endangering the Welfare of a Minor

Recklessly Endangering Another Person

STATS
1 in 5 teens in a serious relationship report having been hit,
slapped, or pushed by a partner.

30% of young women aged 15-19 who are murdered, are killed
by their husband or boyfriend. Every

2 minutes, someone in the U.S. is sexually assaulted.

1 in 4 victims report being stalked through the use of technology.

Conflict at School - Teasing

Never tease. Dont even joke! Nearly 100% of the time, you are hurting someone! Guaranteed. If you are being teased, there are some things you can try.

Conflict at School - Teasing

(1) Ignore It people tease for attention, if you dont pay attention, they will lose interest and stop. (2) Make a Joke It shows that you are not bothered by the teasing. They lose interest and stop.

(3) Confront the Teaser let them know how you feel, usually in private, and they may understand.

Conflict at School - Bullying

Bully: A person who constantly picks on or beats up smaller or weaker people. Bullies are insecure about self, must find something to hold onto. Bullying is not always physical.

Intimidation: the act of frightening others through the use of threatening words or body language.

Conflict at School - Bullying

If someone bullies you, try the following: (1) Ignore

(2) Talk to Bully

(3) Stand Up to Bully inform them that you will report them. (4) Report

Conflict with Teachers

- Several reasons there might be conflict. - Talking with the teacher is the best solution. What to do: (1) Pick the right time and place. (2) Stay Calm (3) Focus on Solving the Problem

Culture Conflict
Schools consist of many different races, religions, and backgrounds. Conflict usually comes from misunderstanding the culture of different people. Talk to people, learn about who they are and you will eliminate misunderstandings. You will find that you are not that different!

Conflict at Home
A lot of time is spent at home. Many differences between family members.
Age Tastes Personality

Plenty opportunities for conflict. Just like other conflicts, should be solved asap.

Conflict with Parents

Common Reasons for Conflict: (1) Rules (2) Responsibilities (3) Expectations (4) Difference of Opinion

Conflict with Parents

Parents/Caregivers have best interested in mind. Needed for direction/advice.

They know things that you have not learned yet (with age comes experience). Communication with parents/caregivers is very important.

Conflict with Siblings

Common Reasons for Conflict: (1) Sharing Possessions and Space (2) Jealousy (3) Age Differences (4) Sharing of Chores

Conflict with Siblings

Sibling Rivalry: is competition between siblings. - Comparison Game - When you play that game, you will always fail. - Comparison game leads to anger, depression, low selfesteem, etc. - Talking about the problem with sibling will build a better healthier relationship.

Conflict Between Parents

When parents fight, children feel like they have no control. When parents fight, attention is taken away from children.

If you feel that this affects you, talking with your parents may be helpful.

Conflict with Neighbors

Problems with neighbors cannot be ignored. Unless you move, you cannot hide form the conflicts. Things to Do: - Be Tolerant - Communicate - Compromise

In Class
RESPOND: What are four possible sources of conflict at home?

Conflict & Violence

Violence: the physical force used to cause damage or injury.

- Conflicts can become violent easily.

- There are warning signs that conflict is about to become violent.

Aggression
Aggression: any action or behavior that is hostel or threatening to another person. - Aggression does not always lead to violence, but it is the first step. - Aggression can be just as dangerous emotionally. - Aggression is used to intimidate or frighten.

Violence Warning Signs

Lack of communication: When communication stops, anger increases. Communication means sharing feelings openly and honestly. People can talk for hours and never communicate.

Violence Warning Signs

Aggression: Aggressive speech or body language. Watch for name-calling, insults, and threats. Personal space may decrease.

Violence Warning Signs

Anger: Watch for anger (screaming, crying, red face) Group Pressure: People like to watch fights. Others will encourage violence. Sometimes, people will be violent because of the group pressure.

Controlling Anger
Several Ways to Manage Anger: - Take a break - Exercise - Talk to someone - Stop and think - Get Help

Avoiding & Preventing Violence

CONFLICT (Two Ways To Go) Good
Listening/Communication Calm Discussion

Bad
Poor Listening/Communication Anger

Negotiation
Compromise

Threats / Yelling
Violence

Things to Remember
If you are in a situation that may become violent, walk away. If you see or hear of someone in a violent situation, you must tell an authority figure.

Nothing is too small to report. Be safe!

Things to Remember
Plan ahead: stay away from dangerous places and people who use violence as an answer. Make sure parents or guardians know where you are.

Seeking Safety
Home Alone = Keep doors/windows locked. Do not open for anyone you dont know. Do not walk alone at night. If walking with someone, walk in lighted areas.

If you think someone is following you, go to a public place. Ask for help.

Seeking Safety
If someone bothers you, use direct eye contact while telling him or her to leave you alone. Yell Help! If someone threatens you for belongings, throw it towards them and run in th opposite direction.

Seeking Safety
If attacked, get away anyway you can.
Screaming, Kicking Scratching Hitting Biting Cheap Shots Anything

Letting People Know

Violence is scary. Victims are ashamed or afraid to talk. Too personal or embarrassing. It can happen to anyone, dont feel like you cant talk.

Letting People Know

Talk to a parent, trusted adult. The right people can take the steps to protect you.

When Reporting: - Speak clearly/honestly - Be honest, describe exactly what happened. - Report key words that you remember - The sooner the better, but anytime is good.

Helping Friends
If you know of someone who needs help, suggest the following: - police departments - hospitals - victim support groups - crisis hotlines - trusted adult NOTE: do not promise to keep it a secret

Recovering From Violence

Being a victim can be tough to recover from. May need help from counselors. The best thing for friends/family is to listen. Talking is a great tool to recovery.

Abuse
Abuse: is harmful or offensive treatment. - It can happen between strangers, but most of the time it happens from people who know the victim. - Anyone can be a victim, but usually children and the elderly. - Abusers are usually more powerful than victim.

Types of Abuse
Physical physical act meant to cause harm Sexual any sexual contact with child, any unwanted sexual act or touch between any age that continues after a person is told to stop. Verbal use of hurtful words to intimidate, manipulate, hurt, or dominate.

Types of Abuse
Emotional repeated use of actions or words that imply a person is worthless or powerless.
Neglect failure of parents/caregivers to meet physical, emotional, social, and educational needs of a child.

The Effects of Abuse

Fear, anger, shame Avoid feelings by pretending it did not happen Use drugs to numb pain Continue chain of abuse

The Effects of Abuse

The longer abuse happens, the more health is affected. Victims often cannot stop abuse alone.
Effects buildup over time.

Help Family Members

Parents Grandparents Aunts Uncles Older Brother Older Sister

Help School Staff

Teachers Principals Guidance Counselors Group Activity Leaders Coaches Nurses

Help Local People

Neighbors Friends Parents Spiritual and Religious Leaders Youth-group leaders.

Help Health Professionals

Family Doctors Local Hospital Workers Nurses Social Workers

Help - Community

Police Officers Firefighters Abuse Agency Workers Crisis Hotline

Homework
Pg. 325 Lesson Review #5

Pg. 329 Lesson Review #3

Harassment
Harassment: is any repeated, unwanted joke, comment, touch, or behavior. Sexual Harassment: unwanted jokes, behavior, or touching that relate to a persons gender or sexuality.

Harassment
Harassment is a very serious thing, especially for teens. Joking and messing around can be taken as harassment.

Gay Jokes Sexual Jokes Puberty Jokes

Harassment
Molalla Boys

Stopping Harassment
Be clear with words and body language. Use clear statements: Please stop talking to me that way Dont touch me Thats not funny. Please dont tell jokes like that around me. Dont encourage harassment, harasser feeds off of attention.

In Class
(1) What is healthy joking? Give examples. (2) How is that different than harassment?