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Indian Standard CONCRETE MIX PROPORTIONING ( first Revision)

GUIDELINES

ICS 91.100.30

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Cement and Concrete Sectional Committee. CED 2

FOREWORD (First Revision) was adoptedby the Bureauof Indian Standards, after the draft finalized This Indian Standard by the Cement and Concrete Sectional Committee had been approved by rhe Civil Engineering Division C ounc il. This standardwas first published in 1982. In this first revision, the following major modifications have been made: a) b) c) d) The title of the standardhas been modified as 'Concrete mix proportioning earlier title 'Recommendedguidelinesfor concretemix design'. Guidelines' from the

The applicability of the standardhas been specifiedfor ordinary and standardconcretegradesonly. have been modified in line with the requirements IS 456 : 2000 'Plain and Variousrequirements of reinforced concrete- Code ofpractice (fourth revision)'. ratio, water content and estimation of coarse aggregate The requirementsfor selectionof water-cement content and fine aggregatecontent have been reviewed and accordingly modified. Similarly, other requirementssuch as trial mixes, illustrative examples,etc, have also been reviewed and modified. A new illustrative example of concretemix proportioning using fly ash as one of the ingredientshas been added. in that the air contentin normal (non-airentrained) concreteis not of much significance Considering mix proportioning procedureand is also not a part of IS 456 : 2000, the considerationof air contenthas been deleted.

e) l)

constructionmaterial.According to the presentstate-of-the-art, concrete Concretehasbecomean indispensable the stageof mere fourcomponent system,that is, cement, water, coarseaggregateand fine aggregate. has bypassed It can be a combination of far more number of ingredientsfor example, a judicious combination of ingredients from as many as ten materials. In the recent past, apart from the four ingredients mentioned above, fly ash, ground granulatedblast furnace slag, silica fume, rice husk ash, metakaoline and superplasticizerare six more ingredientswhich are generally used in concreteproducedin practice as the situation demands.Hence, it is all the more essentialat this juncture to have general guidelines on proportioning concrete mixes. The need has been further augmentedby the importance given to proportioned concrete mixes according to IS 456 :2000. The objectiveof proportioning concretemixes is to arrive at the most economical and practical combinationsof to differentingredients produceconcretethat will satisfythe performancerequirements under specifredconditions part of concrete mix proportioning is the preparationof trial mixes and effect adjustmentsto of use.An integral such trials to strike a balance between the requirementsof placement, that is, workability and strength, concomitantly satisfying durability requirements. Concretehasto be of satisfactoryquality both in its fresh and hardenedstates.This task is best accomplishedby relationshipsamong different parametersand by analysis trial mixes arrived at by the use of certain established of data already generatedthereby providing a basis forjudicious combination of all the ingredients involved. The basic principles which underline the proportioning of mixes are Abram's law for strength developmentand Lyse's rule for making mix with adequateworkability for placementin a densestate so as to enablethe strength developmentas contemplated.From practical view point, compressivestrength is often taken as an index of acceptability.This does not necessarilysatisfy the requirementsof durability unless examined under specific context.Mix proportioning is generally canied out for a particularcompressivestrengthrequirementsensuring that fresh concreteof the mix proportioned to possess adequateworkability forplacement without segregation and bleeding while attaining a dense state.In addition, the method has scope to consider the combination of wider spectrumof cement and mineral adnrixturesproposedto be used to meet the requirements of durability for the type of exposureconditions anticipated in service.

(Continued on third cover)

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ResearchCentre Ubnf $truciuralEngineering Ghcnnai00 113

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Indian Standard

MIX PROPORTIONING GUIDELINES CONCRETE

( First Revision )
1 SCOPE l. L T his s ta n d a rd p ro v i d e s th e g u i d e l i nes for proportioning concretemixes as per the requirements using the concretemaking materialsincluding other supplementarymaterials identified for this purpose' The proportioning is carried out to achieve specified characteristicsat specified age, workability of fresh concrete and durability requirements. 1.2 This standard is applicable for ordinary and standardconcrete gradesonlY. 1.3 All requirementsof IS 456 in so far as they apply, shall be deemedto form part of this standard. 2 REFERENCES contain provisions, which The following standards through reference in this text, constitute provisions of t his s t an d a rd .At th e ti me o f p u b l i c ati on, the are editionsindicatedwere valid. All standards subject revision and parties to agreementsbased on this to to standardare encouraged investigatethe possibility most recent editions of the standards of applying the indicated below: a) b) c) d) e) 0 g) h) j) k) l) Gradedesignation; Type of cement; Maximum nominal sizeof aggregate; Minimum cement content; Maximum water-cementratio; Workability; Exposureconditionsasper Table 4 and Table 5 ofIS 456: at of Maximum temperature concrete the time of placing; Method of transportingand placing; if Early age strengthrequirements, required;

Type of aggregate; m) Maximum cementcontent;and n) Whether an admixture shall or shall not be used and the type of admi xture and t he conditionof use.

3.2Target Strength for Mix Proportioning In order that not more than the specified proportion oftest resultsare likely to fall below the characteristic strength,the concrete mix has to be proportioned for higher target mean compressive strength /"*. The margin over characteristic strength is given by the following relation: f where f '"u = targetmeancompressive strengthat 28 days in N/mm2, f"," = characteristiccompressivestrength at 28 days in N/mm2,and = standard deviationN/mm2. s " u= f" u+ 1.65s

15No. 383: 1970

Title Specification for coarse and fine from natural sourcesfor aggregates concrete(secondrevision) C o d e o f p ra c ti c e fo r pl ai n and reinforcedconcrete(fo urt h revision) Methods of test for aggregatesfor concrete: Part 3 Specific gravity, d e n s i ty , v o i d s , a b s o rp ti on and bulking for Specification pulverizedfuel ash: P a rt I F o r u s e a s p o z zol ana i n cement,cementmortar and concrete (secondrevision) for Specification 43 grade ordinary Portlandcement (first revision) Specification for admixtures for concrete(fi rst revision)

456:2000 (Part 3): 2386 1963

(Part 3812 l): 2003

3.2.1 St andard D eviat i on The standard deviation for eachgradeofconcrete shall be calculated separately. 3.2.1.1 Standard devia.tionbased on test strength of sample a) Number of test results of samples- The total number of test strength of samplesrequired to consti tute an acceptabl e recor d f or calculationofstandarddeviationshall be not less than 30. Attempts should be made to

81 12 : 1989
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9103 1999

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3 DATA FOR MD( PROPORTIONING 3. 1 T he f o l l o w i n g d a ta a re re q u i re d for mi x proportioningof a particulargradc of concrete:

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lS 10262z 2Ao9
obtain the 30 samples(taken from site), as when a mix is usedfor the early as possible, first time. b) In caseof significant changesin concreteWhen significant changesare made in the (fbr example productionof concretebatches c hange s i n th e m a te ri a l s u s e d , mi x pr oporti o n i n g , e q u i p n re n t o r te c h ni cal deviationvalueshallbe control),the standard separatelycalculated for such batches of concrete. Standard deviation to be brought up-todat e - T h e c a l c u l a ti o n o f th e s tandard deviation shall be brought up-to-dateafter every changeof mix proportioning. materials and aggregates different maximum size, of gradi ng, surface texture, shape and other characteristics may produce concretes of different compressivestrength for the same free water-cement ratio. Therefore,the relationshipbetweenstrengthand free w ater-cement rati o shoul d preferabl y be established for the materials actually to be used. In the absenceof such data, the preliminary free watercement ratio (by mass) corresponding to the target strength at 28 days may be sel ected from the establishedrelationship, if available. Otherwise, the water-cement ratio given in Table 5 of IS 456 for respectiveenvironment exposure conditions may be used as starting point. NOTE Thesupplementary that materials, is, cementitious mineral admixtures shall also be considered in water-cement ratio calculations in accordancewith Table 5 of IS 456.

c)

3.2.1.2A ssumed standard deviat ion Where sufficient test results for a particular grade of concrete are not available, the value of standard deviation given in Table I may be assumedfor the proportioning of mix in the first instance.As soon as the resultsof samplesare available,actual calculated s t andar d dev ia ti o n s h a l l b e u s e d a n d th e mi x proportioned properly. However, when adequatepast records for a similar grade exist and justify to the designera value of standarddeviation different from that shown in Table l, it shall be permissible to use that value. Table l Assumed Standard Deviation (Clauses3.2.1.2,A-3 andB-3)
Sl No. Gradeof Concrete Assumed Standard Deviation N/mm2

4.1.1 The free water-cementratio selectedaccording to 4.1 should be checked against the limiting watercement ratio for the requirements of durability and the lower of the two values adopted. 4.2 Selection of Water Content The water content of concrete is influenced by a number of factors, such as aggregatesize, aggregate shape, aggregate texture, workability, water-cement ratio, cement and other supplementarycementitious material type and content, chemical admixture and environmental conditions. An increase in aggregates size,a reduction in water-cement ratio and slump, and use of rounded aggregate and w ater reduci n g admixtureswill reducethe water demand.On the other hand increasedtemperature,cement content, slump, water-cement ratio, aggregate angularityand a decrease in the proportion of the coarse aggregateto fine aggregatewill increasewater demand. The quantity of maximum mixing water per unit volume of concrete may be determined from Table 2. The water content in Table 2 is for angular coarse aggregate and for 25 to 50 mm slump range. The w ater esti mate i n Tabl e 2 can be reduced by approximately 10 kg for sub-angular aggregates, 20 kg for gravel with some crushed particles and 25 kg for rounded gravel to produce same workability. For the desiredworkability (other than 25 to 50 mm slump range),the required water content may be established by trial or an increase by about 3 percent for every additional 25 mm slump or altematively by use of chemical admixtures conforming to IS 9103. This illustrates the need for trial batch testing of local materials as each aggregate source is different and can influence concrete properties differently. Water reducingadmixturesor superplasticizing admixtures usuallydecrease watercontentby 5 to l0percent and

(r)
i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) vii) viii) ix) x)

(2)
M l0l

(3)
3 .5

M r5J M 201 M?s )

M 30 M 35 M 40 M 45 M 50 M 55

5 .0

NOTE - The above values correspond to the site control h a v i n g p r o p e r sto r a g e o f ce m e n t; we ig h b a tch in g of al l materials;controlled addition ofwater; regular checking ofall m a t e r i a l s , a g g r e g a te g r a d in g a n d m o istu r e co n tent; and periodical checking of workability and strength.Where there is deviation from the above, values given in the above table shall be increasedby I N/mm'?.

4 SELECTION OF MIX PROPORTIONS Note) 4.1 Selection Water-CementRatio (see of supplementary cementitious Differentcements,

lS 10262 z 2009 20 percent and above respectively at appropriate dosages" Table 2 Maximum Water Content per Cubic Metre of Concrete for Nominal Maximum Size of Aggregate (Clauses 4.2, A-5 and B-5)
SI No.

cement ratio and strength propefties of concrete are consistentwith the recommendations IS 456 and meet of project specification requirementsas applicable. Table 3 Volume of Coarse Aggregate per Unit Volume of Total Aggregate for Different Zones of Fine Aggregate (Clauses4.4, A-7 andB-7)
SI No. N omi nul Illaximum Size of Aggregate mm

N om inal ax im um M Sizeof Aggregnte mln (2) l0 20 40

M a xim u r n Water Co n tentr) kg

(l)

(3) 208 186 r6 5 (t)

i) ii) iii)

per Aggregate') Unit Volume Coarse of Volumeof Total Aggregate for DifferentZonesof FineAggregate ZonelY Zone (3) (4) 0.50 0.66 0.75

i) ii) iii)

(2)

N O T E - T h e se q u a n titie s o f m ixin g wa te r a re fbr use i n computing cementitious material contents for trial batches. r ) W a t e r l c on te n t co r r e sp o n d in g to sa tu r a te d surface dry aggregate.

t0 20 40

0.48 0.64 0.73

0.46 0.62 0.71

0.44 0.60 0.69

in surfacedry ') Volumesare basedon aggregates safurated condition.

4.3 Calculation of Cementitious Material Content The cementand supplementarycementitiousmaterial per content unit volumeof concrete may be calculated from the free rvater-cementratio (sce 4.1) and the quantityof water per unit volume of concrete. The cementitious materialcontentso calculated shall be checked against the minimum content for the requirementsof durability and greater of the trvo The maximum cemenfcontentshall valuesadopted. with IS 456. be in accordance 4.4 Estimation of Coarse Aggregate Proportion Aggregates essentially samenominaImaximum of the s iz e, t y pe a n d g ra d i n g w i l l p ro d u c e c o ncrete of satisfactory workability when a given volume of coarse aggregateper unit volume of total aggregate is used.Approximate valuesfor this aggregate volume are given in Table 3 for a water-cementratio of 0.5, which may be suitably adjusted for other watercenent ratios.It can be seenthat lbr equal workability, the volume of coarseaggregatein a unit volume of concrete dependent is only on its nominal maximum size and gradingzone of fine agglegate" Differences in the amount of mortar required fbr workability with different aggregates,due to differences in particle shapeandgrading,are compensatedfor automatically by differencesin rodded void content. 4.4.1 For more workable concrete mixes which is sometimesrequiredwhen placementis by pump or when the concrete is required to be worked around reinforcingsteel, it may be desirableto reduce congested coarseaggregatecontentdeterminedusing the estimated Table 3 up to l0 percent.However, cautionshall be exercisedto assure that the resulting slump, water-

4.5 Combination of Different Coarse Aggregate Fractions The coarse aggregateused shall conform to IS 383. Coarseaggregates different sizesmay be combined of in suitable proportions so as to result in an overall grading conforming to Table 2 of IS 383 for particular nominal maximum size of aggregate. 4.6 Estimation of Fine Aggregate Proportion With the completion of procedure given in 4"4, all the ingredientshave been estimatedexcept the coarse and fine aggregate content. These quantities are determined by finding out the absolute volume of cementi ti ous materi al , w ater and the chemical admixture; by dividing their mass by their respective speci fi c gravi ty, mul ti pl yi ng by l /1000 and subtracting the result of their summation fiom unit volume. The values so obtained are divided into Coarse and Fine Aggregate fractions by volume in accordance with coarseaggregate proportionalready determined in 4.4. The coarse and fine aggregate contents are then determined by multiplying with their respective specificgravitiesand multiplying by 1 000. 5 TRIAL MIXES The calculated mix proportions shall be checked by means of trial batches. Workability of the Trial Mix No. 1 shall be measured. The mix shall be carefully observedfor freedom from segregationand bleeding and its finishing properties. If the measuredworkability of Trial Mix No. I is dift'erent from the stipulated value, the water and/or admixture content shall be adjusted suitably. With

lS 10262.2009 t his adjus t m e n t, th e m i x p ro p o rti o n s h al l be recalculatedkeeping the free water-cement ratio at value, which will compriseTrial Mix the pre-selected No. 2. In addition two more Trial Mixes No. 3 and 4 shall be made with the water content same as Trial Mix No. 2 and varying the free water-cementratio by +10 percentof the preselected value. M ix No. 2 t o 4 n o rma l l y p ro v i d e s s u ffi ci ent inf or m at ion, in c l u d i n g th e re l a ti o n s h i p b e tw een compressivestrength and water-cement ratio, from which the mix proportions for field trials may be arrived at. The concrete for field trials shall be producedby methods of actual concreteproduction. 6 ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES

An illustrative example of concretemix proportioning is given in Annex A. Another illustrative example of mix proportioning of concrete using fly ash is given in Annex B. These examples are merely illustrative to expl ai n the procedure; and the actual m ix proportioning shall be basedon trial batcheswith the given materials.

A.NNEXA (Clause 6)
ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE ON CONCRETE MD( PROPORTIONING illustratingthe mix proportioning a concrete M 40 gradeis given in A-1 to A-11. A-0 An example for of A.1 STIPULATIONS FOR PROPORTIONING
a) b) c) d) e) 0 g) h) j) k) n) Grade designation Type ofcement Maximum nominal size of aggregate Minimum cementcontent Maximum water-cement ratio Workability Exposurecondition placing Method of concrete Degreeof supervision Type of aggregate Chemical admixture type

m) Maximum cementcontent

M40 OPC43 gradeconformingto IS 8l l2 20 mm 320kglml 0.45 100mm (slump) (for Severe reinforced concrete) Pumping Good Crushed angularaggregate 450 kg/m3 Superplasticizer

A.2 TEST DATA FOR MATERIALS a) b) c) d) Cementused Specific gravity of cement Chemical admixture Specific gravity of: l) 2) e) I) 2) Coarseaggregate Fine aggregate Coarse aggregale Fine aggregate

OPC43 grade conforming IS 8112 to 3.l5 Superplasticizer conforming IS 9103 to 2.-t4

a 1A L. ta

Water absorption:

0.5 percent 1.0percent

IS 10262:2009
0 Free (surface)moisture: l) 2) g) Coarseaggregate Fine aggregate : : : Nil (absorbedn-roisture also nil) Nil

Sieve analysis: 1) Coarseaggregate

15 Arialysis af Sieve Coarse Sizes Aggregate mm Fraction III 20 100 100 l0 o 71.24 4.75 9.40 2.36 0

Percentage Dffirent of Fractiorrs

Remarks

I II Combined 60 40 100 percentpercent percent 60 40 100

28.s
3.7

28.5 co{oyi1e to raDlez

/ 3.^ ofIS 383

2) Fine aggregate

Conforming gradingZoneI of Table4 of IS 383 to

A.3 TARGET STRENGTH FOR MIX PROPORTIONING s f'"u=f"u+ 1.65 where compressive strength 28 days, at f'"u = targetaverage
f.r s = characteristic compressivestrengthat 28 days,and = standard deviation.

From Table 1, standarddeviation, s = 5 N/mm2.

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113 =40 + 1.65 =48.25N/mm2.fr-6oc Therefore, strength x5 target ' Engineering Re:. - ". '-, f entre Library Strueiuti.i A.4 SELECTION OF WATER.CEMENT RATIO 113 Chennai-600 FromTable5 of IS 456,maximumwater-cement ratio= 0.45. adoptwater-cement Basedon experience, ratio as0.40. 0.40< 0.45.henceO.K. A.5 SELECTION OF WATER CONTENT From Table2, maximumwatercontent for 20 mm aggregate - 186litre (for 25 to 50 mm slumprange)
6

x 186 Estimated watercontent 100mm slump= 186+ for * = 197 litre As superplasticizer used, watercontentcanbe reduced 20 percentand above. is the up Basedon trials with superplasticizer water contentreduction 29 percenthas beenachieved. of Hence,the = arrivedwatercontent 197x 0.7| = 140 litre A.6 CALCULATION OF CEMENT CONTENT
Water-cement ratio
gt o o sl

= 0.40

Cement content

aO (\ N

@ o

o z 2

=35oks/m3

FromTable5 of IS 456.minimumcement condition = 320 kg!m3 contentfor 'severe'exposure hence, 350 kg/m3> 320 kg/m3, O.K.

ts 10262| 2009 A.7 PROPORTIONOF VOLUME OF COARSEAGGREGATE AND FINE AGGREGATE CONTENT FromTable3, volumeof coarse aggregate corresponding 20 mm sizeaggregate fine aggregate to (ZoneI) and for water-cement ratio of 0.50= 0.60. In thepresent case water-cement is 0.40.Therefore, ratio volumeof coarse aggregate required be increased is to to decrease fine aggregate the content. thewater-cement is lower by 0. 10,theproportion volumeof As ratio of coarse aggregate increased 0.02 (at the rateof -/+ 0.01for every+ 0.05change water-cement is by in ratio). Therefore, proportion volumeof coarse corrected of for aggregate the water-cement ratio of 0.40= 0.62.
NOTE - ln case the coarse aggregate is not angular one, then also volunre of coane aggregate may be required to be increased suitably, basedon experience.

For pumpable concrete thesevaluesshouldbe reduced l0 percent. by = Therefore, volumeof coarse aggregate 0.62x 0.9 = 0.56. Volumeof fine aggregate content= I - 0.56= 0.M. A.8 MIX CALCULATIONS The mix calculations unit volumeof concrete per shallbe as follows:
a) b) Volume of concrete Volume of cement
= lml

1 xgravityof cement I 000 Specific 350 I -x3,15 I 000

0.111m3

Mass of cement

c)

Volume of water

Mass of water

Specificgravityof water I 000 140 I -xI 1000

= 0.140m3 d) Volumeof chemical admixture (superplasticizer) 2.0 percent (@ oy mass cementttlous oI materlal) = z = = = = =

Mass chemical of admixture l t sp."f" gr*,ty r ooo "f "d,nr-t"* 7l l.l45tlooo

e) Volumeof all in aggregate

f)

Massof coarse aggregate

g) Massof fine aggregate

0.006m3 [a - (b + c + d)] l-(0.1ll + 0.140 0.006) + 0.743m3 e x Volumeof coarseaggregate Specificgravity of coarse x aggregate I 000 x = 0.743 0.56x 2.74x I 000 x =tl40kg = e x volume fine aggregate Specific of x gravityof fine aggregate x1000 = 0.743x 0.44x 2.74x l 000 - 896 kg

IS 10262:2009 A.9 MIx PROPORTIONS FOR TRIAL NUMBER I Cement Water Fine aggregate Coarseaggregate Chemicaladmixture Water-cementratio = = = = = = 350 kg/ml 140 kg/ml 896 kg/m3 I 140 kg/m3 1kg/m3 0.4

NOTE - Aggregates should be used in saturatedsurface dry condition. If otherwise, when computing the requirement of mixing water, allowance shall be made for the free (surface)moisture contributed by the fine and coarseaggregates.On the other hand, ifthe aggregates are dry, the amount of mixing water should be increasedby an amount equal to the moisture likely to be absorbedby the aggregates. Necessaryadjustmentsare also required to be made in massof aggregates. The surface water and percent water absorption of aggregates shall be determined according to IS 2386.

A-10 The slump shall be measuredand the water contentand dosageof admixture shall be adjustedfor achieving the required slump based on trial, if required. The mix proportions shall be reworked for the actual water content and checked for durability requirements. A-ll TWo more trials having variation of +10 percent of water-cementratio in A-10 shall be carried out and a graph betweenthree water-cementratios and their correspondingstrengthsshall.beplotted to work out the mix proportionsfor the given target strength for field trials. However, durability requirement shall be met.

ANNEX B (Clituse 6)
ILLUSTRATTVE EXAMPLE OF MD( PROPORTIONING OF CONCRETE (USING FLY ASH AS PART REPLACEI\{ENT OF OPC) B-0 An example illustratingthe mix proportioning a concrete M 40 gradeusingfly ashis givenB- I to for of B-11.
B.1 STIPULATIONS a) b) c) d) e) 0 d h) j) k) n) p) FOR PROPORTIONING

Grade designation Type ofcement Type of mineral admixture Maximum nominal size of aggregate Minimum cementcontent Maximum water-cement rat.io Workability Exposurecondition Method of concrete placing Degreeof supervision Maximum cement (OPC) content Chemical admixture type

m) Type of aggregate

M40 OPC43 grade conforming IS 8l l2 to Fly ashconforming IS 3812(Partl) to 20 mm 320kgm3 0.45 100mm (slump) (for Severe reinforced concrete) Pumping Good Crushed angular aggregate 450 kg/m3 Superplasticizer

IS 10262 22009 8.2 TEST DATA FOR MATERIALS a) b) c) d) e) 0 Cement used Specific gravity of cement Fly ash Specific gravity of fly ash Chemical admixture Specific gravity of: l) 2) g) l) h) Coarse aggregate Fine aggregate Coarse aggregate

conforming IS 8l l2 OPC43 grade to 3.l5 Conforming IS 3812(Part1) to 2.2 Superplasticizer confornring IS 9103 to 2.74
a 1^

Water absorption: 2) Fine aggregate Free (surface)moisture: l) Coarse aggregate 2) Fine aggregate Sieveanalysis: l) Coarseaggregate

0.5 percent 1.0percent Nil (absorbed moisture alsonil) Nil

/S Analysis of Sieve Coarse Sizes Aggregate mm .Fraction Ii I 20 100 100 l0 0 7t.20 4.75 9.40 2.36 0

j)

Percentage Dffirent of Fractions

Remarks

U Combined 4A 100 percent percent percent

I 60 60 0

40 28.5
J .t

r00 28.5
3.t

Conforming to Table2 ofIS 383

2) Fineaggregate

to Conforming gradingZoneI of Table4 of IS 383

8.3 TARGET STRENGTH FOR MTX PROPORTIONING s f'"u= f"x * 1.65 where compressive strengthat 28 days, f'"y = targetaverage compressive strength 28 days, at and f* = characteristics = standard s deviation. FromTable 1, Standard Deviation,s = 5 N/mmz. = Therefore, targetstrength 40 + 1.65x 5 = 48.25N/mm2. 8.4 SELECTION OF WATER.CEMENT RATIO FromTable5 of IS 456, maximumwater-cement ratio(seeNote under4.1) = 0.45. on adoptwater-cement Based experience, ratio as0.40. O.K, 0.40< 0.45,hence, 8.5 SELECTION OF WATER CONTENT FromTable2, maximumwatercontent for 20 mm aggregate = 186litre (for 25 to 50 mm slumprange)
6

watercontent 100mm slump= 186+ix 186= 197litre Estimated for 100 8

1510262,2009 As superplasticizeris used, the water content can be reducedup to 30 percent. water content reductionof 29 percent has been achieved.Hence, the Based on trials with superplasticizer arrived water contenL= 191 x 0.71 = 140 litres. 8.6 CALCULATION OF CEMENT AND FLY ASH CONTENT Water-cementratio (seenote under 4.1) = 0.40 = ,lO,O^ 350 kglml 0.40 320 kg/m3

material(cement+ fly ash)content = Cementitious From Table 5 of IS 456, minimum cement contentfor 'severe'exposureconditions 350 kg/m3 > 320 kglm3, hence, O.K.

Now, to proportiona mix containingfly ash the following stepsare suggested: a) b) Decide the percentage ash to be used basedon project requirementand quality of rnaterials fly in material situations increase cementitious contentmay be warranted. The decision increase on In certain materialcontentand its percentage may be basedon experience in cementitious and trial (seeNote).
This illustrative example is with increase of l0 percent cementitious material content.

NOTE -

Cementitiousmaterialcontent Water Content So. water-cementratio

= 350 x 1.10= 385 ke/m3 = 140 ks/m3

l4o = 0.364 385

Fly ash @ 307o of total cementitious material content= 385 x 30Vo= I l5 kg/m3

(OPC) Cement while using ash Sctving cement of fly

Fly ash being utilized

= 385- 115= 270kglm3 = 350- 270 = 80 kghns,.and = I 15 kg/nf

8.7 PROPORTION OF VOLUME OF COARSE AGGREGATE AND FINE AGGREGATE CONTENT Front Table 3, volume of coarseaggregatecorrespondingto20 mm size aggregateand fine aggregate(Zone I) tbr water-cementratio of 0.50 = 0.60. In the presentcasewater-cementratio is 0.40. Therefore,volume of coarseaggregateis requiredto be increased the to decrease fine aggregate content.As the water-cement ratio is lower by 0.10, the proportionof volume of coarseaggregateis increasedby 0.02 (at the rate of -/+ 0.01 for every + 0.05 change in water-cementratio). Therefore, correctedproportion of volume of coarseaggregatefor the water-cementratio of 0.40 = 0.62
NOTE - In case the coarse aggregate is not angular one, then also volume of coarse aggregate may be required to be increased suitably, based on experience.

For pumpable concrete thesevalues shouldbe reduced l0 percent. by = volumeof coarse Therefore, aggregate 0.62x 0.9= 0.56. = Volumeof fine aggregate content I - 0.56= 0.44" B-8 MIX CALCULATIONS per The mix calculations unit volumeof concrete shallbe asfollows:
a) b) Volumeof concrete Volume of cement
= 1m3

Massof cement

Specificgravity of cement I 000

x-

IS 10262: 2009 I 270 -x3.15 I 000 0.086m3

c) Volume of fly ash
I Massof fly ash xgravityof flY ash 1 000 Specific

l I 15 -xl 1000 0.052m3

d) Volume of water

I Massof water xSpecificgravity of water 1 000 140 I -x1000 I 0.140mr

e)

Volume of chemical admixture (superplasticizer)@ 2.07oby mass material) of cementitious

I xgravityof admixture I 000 Specific

Mass of admixture

7l = -xr.145 I 000
Volume of all in aggregate

g)

Mass of coarse aggregate

= = = = -

0.007m3

h) Massof fine aggregate

[a-(b+c+d+e)] l-(0.086+ 0.052+ 0.140+ 0.007) 0.71.5 m3 x x volume of coarseaggregate Specificgravity of coarse / x aggregate I 000 = 0.715 0.56x2.74 x I 000 x = t097kg x - .f x volumeof fine aggregate Specificgravity of fine aggregate x 1000 x 0.715 0.44x2.74 x 1000 = 962 kg

B.9 MIX PROPORTIONS FOR TRIAL NUMBER T

Cement Fly Ash Water Fine aggregate Coarse aggregate Chemical admixture ratio Water-cement (seeNote under 4.1) = = = = = = 270k9/m3 I l5 kg/m3 140 kg/m3 862 kg/m3 I 097 kg/m3 7.7 kglm3

0.364

of surfacedry condition. If otherwise,when computing the requirement mixing should be usedin saturated NOTE - Aggregates On aggregates. the otherhand'if the moisture conributedby thefine andcoarse shallbe madefor the free(surface) water. allowance

10

IS 10262: 2009
are aggregates dry, the amount of mixing water should be increasedby an amount equal to the moisture likely to be absorbedby the The surface water and percentwater absorption Necessaryadjustmentsare also required to be made in massof aggregates. aggregates. shall be determined according to IS 2386 (Pa( 3). of aggregates

for of andthe watercontentand dosage admixtureshall be adjusted achieving B-10 The slumpshall be measured the required slump based on trial, if required. The mix proportions shall be reworked for the actual water content and checked for durability requirements. ratio in B-10 shall be carriedout and a B-ll Two more trials having variationof tl0 percentof water-cement water-cementratios and their correspondingstrengthsshall be plotted to work out the mix graph betweenthree for proportions the given target strengthfor field trials. However, durability requirementshall be met.

ANNEX C (Foreword )
COMMITTEE COMPOSITION Sectional CED Z and Committee, Cement Concrete
Organizatiott Delhi Tourism and Transportation Development Corporation Ltd, New Delhi ACC Ltd, Mumbai Atomic Energy Regulatory Board, Mumbai Building Materials and Technology Promotion Council, New Delhi Cement Corporation of India Limited, New Delhi Representative(s) Suru Josn Kuwnr-t (Chairman)

SHnt N,rvuu CHnoHn (Alternate) Sunr P. SnrmvnsnN Dn Pustn C. Bnsu SHnr L. R. Brsnnor (Alternate) Sunt J. K. Pneseo

Ssnt R. R. Desuplxoe Ssnt M. K. Acenw,u- (Alternate) Sunt E. N. MunrHv Dn S. P. GHosH (Alternate) Meusrn Sscngr,rny Drnecnrn (Cwn-) (A lte rnate\ Dn B. K. Reo SHnr S. K. Ac.tnwnl (Alternate'| (DrsrcN) CtrrpFENcrNeen SupenwrsNorr.rc Elcrneen (S&S) (Alternate) Dn Rru Kur',rnn Sunr S,rrnrvoenKvueu (Alternute) SHnr Munenr Rnrnrru (Alternate) Sunr N. CuannnAsEKHRAN DrRric'roR(CMDD) (N&W) Drpurv Drnroon (CMDD) (NW&S) (Alternate) Dn A. K. Csxrreueu Sunr P. R. Swanup M.rurunN (Altentate) SHnrSuNrrSHnrV. B,TUsUBRAMANTAN Ssnr R. P. Swcu (Alternate) Dn Vrprlr- Kuuen SHru lr{uxesu Mnruun (Alternate) SHnr S. A. Rrnor SHnrM.U. Snl'.: (Alternate) Snr.r A. K. Jnrr.r Suru M. C. Acn,rwnl (Alternate')

Cement Manufacturers' Association. Noida Central Board of lrrigation and Power, New Delhi Central Building Research Institute (CSIR), Roorkee Central Public Works Department, New Delhi Central Road Research Institute (CSIR), New Delhi Central Soil and Materials Research Station, New Delhi Central Water Commission, New Delhi Conmat Technolgies Pvt Ltd, Kolkata Construction Industry Development Council, New Delhi

Directorate General of Supplies & Disposals, New Delhi

Fly Ash Utilization Programme, Department of Science & Technology, New Delhi Cammon India Limited, Mumbai Grasim Industries Limited, Mumbai

1l

IS 10262: 2009
Organizatiotr Gujarat Ambuja Cernents Limited. Ahmedabad Representtttive(s) Sunr J. P. Dusrrr Ssnr B. K. Jnu..-rln(Alternate) CHarnunn & MrNeirrc Drnric'ron Sunr V. Anul Kuutn (Altentatel Sunr S. S. De.s Ssnl Mru*.ur_ Hmnr.r (A/ternale) SHnr L. N. Arrr: Snnr D. SnrNrvnsl'N(Alternate) Pnor-S. K. Knusrr Sr,cnurnnyCnNunnr. Drlruc'ron (A I t erna t e) Dn N. Rncurrveron,r

Housing and Urban Development Corporation Limited, New Delhi Indian Bureau of Mines, Nagpur Indian Concrete Institute. Chennai Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee Indian Roads Congress, New Delhi

Institute for Research, Development & Training of Construction Trade, Bangalore Institute for Solid Waste Research & Ecological Balance, Visakhapatnam Madras Cements Ltd, Chennai

Dn N. BneNuum'Hrrxs SHnr N. K,rlro,rs (Alternate) Ssnr V. JrrcnnarHnN Sunr B,tr-,vr K. Moonruy (Alternute) Snnr J. B. SHnnve Snnt YocrisH Srrcut (Alternate)

Military Engineer Services, Engineer-in-Chief's Branch, Army HQ, New Delhi Ministry of Road Transport & Highrvays, New Delhi National Council for Cement and Building Materials, Ballabgarh National Test House, Kolkata

SHnrA. N. Duoonpren Sunr S. K. Punr (Alternate\ Snnl R. C. Wnsor.r De M. M. Ar-r (Alternate) Snnr D. K. KenuNco Ssnr B.R. Mr,rNn (Alternate) Dn S. C. Aur.uwnr.rn (DusrcN) SuprnrrursNurNc ENcrr.rnnn Execu'rrvt Er.rcrNrun(AIte rnat e\ Prof. T. S. N,rcnnnj Snrrr R. M. Sx,rnue SHnrV K. Yer;nva (Alternute)

OCL India Limited, New Delhi Public Works Department, Covemment of Tamil Nadu Chennai R. V. College of Engineering, Bangalore Research,Design & Standards Organization (Ministry of Railways), Lucknow

Sanghi [ndustries Lirnited, Sanghi Nagar

Ssnr D. B. N. Rno Dn H. K. Pnnrrurc (Altennte) Csler ExcrNcrn (Nrrvcnr'aDaru) SuprnnlnNorrlc ENcrsr:en (AIte rnate) Snnr A. CserlappeN SHnr J. PnirsHi\KAR(Alternate) SHnr S. Gopulrrrn SHnr R. AnuNaorN-^M (Alternate) SHnl P. D. Kur.rrrn Ssrr S. J. Su/.n (Alternate) Dn H. C. Vrsvr:svanrryn Ssnr Brrurn Srucn (Alternute) SHnr SusRxfo Csownsuny SHnr A. K. SnlNr, Scientist 'F & Head (Civ Engg) [Representing Director General (Ex-ofrcio)l Member Secrctaries SHnt SrrNny PnNr' Scientist 'E' & Director (Civ Engg), BIS Snnr S. Arur KUnen (C i v E ngg), B IS Scie n r ist ' n' {pi i ""to,

Sardar Sarovar Narmada Nigam Limited, Dist Narmada Structural Engineering Research Centre (CSIR), Chennai

The India Cements Limited, Chennai

The Indian Hume Pipe Company Limited, Mumbai The lnstitution of Engineers (lndia), Kolkata Ultra Tech Cement Ltd, Mumbai BIS Directorate General

l2

rs 10262 -.2009
Concrete Subcommittee. CED 2 :2
Organization Development Corporation Delhi Tourism& Transportation Ltd, New Delhi ACC Ltd, Mumbai Board,Mumbai Atomic EnergyRegulatory Prornotion Council, Building Materialsand Technology New Delhi lnstitute(CSIR), Roorkee CentralBuilding Research New Delhi Central Public Works Department, Institute(CSIR),New Delhi CentralRoad Research CentralSoil & MaterialsResearch Station,New Delhi New Delhi CentralWapr Commission, Engineers lndia Limited, New Delhi Fly Ash UtilizationProgramme, Department Science of and Technology, New Delhi GammonIndia Limited, Mumbai GrasinrIndustries Ltd, Mumbai GujaratAmbuja Cement Limited, Ahmedabad IndianConcrete Institute, Chennai Indian Instituteof Technology, New Delhi Indian Instituteof Technology, Kanpur Indian Instituteof Technology. Roorkee Military Engineer Services, Engineer-in-Chief's Branch, Army HQ, New Delhi Ministry of RoadTransport and Highways,New Delhi NationalBuildingsConstruction Corporation Limited, New Delhi NationalCouncil for Cement& Building Materials,Ballabgarh NationalInstituteof Technology, Warangal NuclearPorvcr Corporation lndia Limited, Munrbai of Pidilite Industries Lirnited,Mumbai R. V. Collegeof Engineering, Bangalore ReadyMixed Concrete Manufacturers'Association. Bangalore Research, (Ministry of Railways), Design& Standards Organization Lucknow Repre.tentativels) SHnr JosuKuwnn (Convener) SHnr AnrL Bnncsuon (Alte SHp.r BnNrxrlrrDlyAy rnate) P. Dn Pnanrn Bnsu C. (A/tarzate) SHruL. R. BrsHNor SsnrJ. K. Pnrrsrrn SnnrPaNrirr Cur"rn(Alternute) Dn B. K. Rno (Altenrate) Drt S. K. Acenwnr(DesrcN) SuprnrNrr:Norr.rc Er1crNrrn ExucurrveENcrnrm (DrsrcN)lll (Alternute) Drnrcror< (Alternate\ SHnrSnrnronnKuMAtr SHnrMunrnr RArNnNl (Alternate) SsruN. CHINuRAsI:KHARAN Drnucrur(C&MDD) Deprny Drnocron(C&MDD) (Alternute) SHnr AnvrNoKurrlnn SunrT. B,rlnru (Alternate) Dr Vrr*llr.Kuvrn SnnrMurssn Mxrrun (Alternate) SnnrS. A. Rsoor Dn N. K. Nnvax (Afiernare) SnnrA. K. Jnrx (Alternute\ Suu M. C. Acnirwau Srnr J. P. Deser SHruB. K. Iaawte (Alternate) PnopM. S. Snerrv Srnr L. N. Avrr.(Alternatel Dn B. Buirrrecuenliu Dn SuoHrn MlsHnn Dn Asnor Kuunn Ja,rr Bnla R. K. Currn (Alternate) Cor-V. K. Bt.L,>or,rt SHnr B. B,rNr:ruuu T. SunrKavr-risuKuurtx (Alternate) SHnr P. Srwcu L. SrrnrDlnsH,rx Srrvor(A/remzrre) SHrr R. C. Wasor.r SHnrH. K. lutxtr (Alternate) Dr<C. B. K,u.rnswnnn Reo Dn D. Rrrurr Srsuu (Alternate) Snm U. S. P. Vsnuir Snrup. L. prrnv SHnrK. Paouax* (Alternate) Ptol'. T. S. Nacrrul SrrntVunv Kn Kuuxawr (B&S)/CB-I Jor.mDrnr:cron S'rons Jorxr DrRacmnSrr:ns(B&S)/CB-ll (Alternate\

r3

S E RC l i br a ry
IS 10262: 2009
. Organization Representativc(s) SHnr T. S. KntssNnlroonnry (Altemate) Srnr K. BaUSUBRAMANTAN Ssnr MaHms TnHooN SHnr Vrney Gvvrt (Altemate) S unr J. P . H enrN Sunr S. M. Peluren (Alternate) Dn P. C. CHowoHuny Dn C. S. Vrss*,annrtrn (Alternate)' Dn C. R,rrxuuen Ssnr Lalrr Kuuen JnrN

Structural Engineering Research Centre (CSIR), Chennai Tandon Consultants Private Limited. New Delhi TCE Consulting Engineers Limited, Mumbai Torsteel Research Foundation in India. New Delhi In personal capacity (35, Park Avenue, Annunma, Naicket Street, Kuniamuthur, C oinb at o re) In personaf capacity (36, OId Sneh Nagar, Wardhu Road, Nagpur)

iltiil ilffiil

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g' Kn'ehnaonoartlg

(Continuedfrom second cover) Proportioningof concrete mixes can be regardedas procedure set to proportion the most economical concrete mix for specifieddurability and gradefor requiredsite conditions. As a guarantorof quality of concrete in the construction, the constructor should carry out mix proportioning and the engineer-in-charge should approvethe mix so proportioned.The method given in this standardis to be regarded the guidelines only to arrive at an acceptableproduct, which satisfiesthe requirementsof placement as required with development of strength with age and ensuresthe requirementsof durability. This standarddoes not debar the adoption of any other methods of concrete mix proportioning. In this revision, assistancehas also been derived from ACI 2ll.l (Reapproved 1997) 'standard practice for proportionsfor normal, heavyweight, selecting and massconcrete',American ConcreteInstitute. The composition of the Committee responsiblefor formulation of this standardis given in Annex C. For the purposeof deciding whether a particular requirementof this standardis complied with, the final value, observedor calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordancewith IS 2 : 1960 'Rules for rounding off numerical values(revised)'. The number of significant placesretainedin the roundedoff value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.

Bureau of Indian Standards B I S is a s t at u to ry i n s ti tu ti o n e s ta b l i s h e du nder the B ureau of Indi an S tandardsA ct, 1986 to promo t e marki ng and qual i ty certi fi cati onof goods de har m onious v e l o p m e n to f th e a c ti v i ti e so f standardi zati on, matters the country. in to and attending connected Copyright BIS has the copyright of all its publications.No part of thesepublicationsmay be reproducedin any form wit hout t he pr i o r p e rm i s s i o n i n w ri ti n g o f B IS . Thi s does not precl ude the free use, i n the course of d th o ir nplem ent ing e s ta n d a rd , f n e c e s s a ry e tai l s,such as symbol s and si zes, type or grade desi gnations. to BIS. relatingto copyrightbe addressed the Director(Publications), Enquiries Review of Indian Standards as are are Amendments issuedto standards the needariseson the basisof comments.Standards also reviewed is periodically;a standard along with amendments reaffirmedwhen such review indicatesthat no changes are indicatesthat changesare needed, is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standards it if needed; the review that they are in possession the latestamendments edition by referring to the latestissueof of or shouldascertain s ' B I S Cat alogu ea n d ' Sta n d a rd : Mo n th l yA d d i ti ons' . ' hasbeendevelopecl tionr Doc No.: CED 2 (1288). This Indian Standard

Amendments IssuedSince Publication Amend No. Date of Issue Text Aff'ected

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