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1. Abstract ………………….......................... 1
2. Introduction ………………......................... 4
3. Laterally Supported Beam........................... 8
4. Laterally Unsupported Beam …………... 11
5. Column …………………………………. 14
6. Base Plate ……………………………... 16
7. Connection …………………………….... 18
8. Conclusion…………. …………………... 22
9. Appendix ………………………………. 23
Introduction
by Hani & Othman
Under the action of loads, the beam may buckle, which means the shape
of the member deforms. This appears something like this:
Lateral-Torsional Buckling:
If an I-section of beam is subjected to
vertical loading, it may move laterally
with the beam. Since beam will try to
resist this movement, its shape will
slightly distort.
Connections: by Hani
Connections are joints used to transfer the load from part of the
structure to other one. The connection include connectors such as:
bolts, pins, rivets or welds. The type and arrangement of the
connectors depend on the force being transferred and on the
member connectors. But, during designing the connections minimum
cost should be considered. On this project the only connection will be
used is the pre-loaded bolts.
Check by ProSteel5
Laterally Unsupported Beam
by Othman
11
py265 N/mm2
ε=1.02
12
b/T ≤ 9ε
d/t ≤ 80ε
Section is Plastic.
Effective Length
T13
LE=11.04 mm
U=0.866
βw=1 Section tab;le
pb=108.7 N/mm2
4.3.6.9
Λ=156.2
V=0.788 T16
X=27.2 4.3.6.7
λ/x=5.64
T19
Mb=pbxSx=603.294 KN.m > Mmax
Therefore section is OK with respect to buckling resistance
Shear Capacity
0.6pytD = 1390 KN > 229 KN
Therefore Section is OK in shear.
Deflection Check
5wi L4/ 384 E I < Span/200
5.4 mm<Span/200
13
Check by ProSteel 5
Column
by Hani
14
d/t ≤ 40ε
19 < 40.8
Therefore both the web and flange are semi-compact.
Axis of Buckling
LEX=600 T22
Λx = 88.76
pcx = 163.48 N/mm2
T24
LEY = 600
Λy = 156.66
pcy = 63,37 N/mm2
Pc=Agxpcy = 243.86 KN
4.7.4 (a)
Therefore section is safe and economical.
Base Plate
by Hani
16
Therefore Aeff=1.27x104
[(B+2C)(D+2C)]-[(B+2C)-(2C+t).(D-2(C+T)]
= [(152.9+2C)(157.6+2C)]-[(152.9+2C)-(2C+6.5)].(157.6-
2(C+9.4)]
C= 9.38 (simplifying the above equations and using quadratic
equation)
18
Assume e=2d=32 mm
0.5kbsetppbs = 73.6 KN
Therefore Pbs = 73.6 KN
Checking e and s:
(Smax = 140mm) > (S=76 mm) > (Smin=40mm)
S is acceptable
(emin= 110) >(e= 32 mm) > (emax=225mm)
e is acceptable
20
Take:
e = 35mm
S = (290-(2C35))/3 = 74 mm
Therefore 4M16
Grade8.8
Non-preloaded bolts required.
Conclusion
by Hani and Othman
21
Column:
UC 203x203x46
UC 152x152x23