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Aircraft Carrier Victorious: Detailed in the Original Builders' Plans
Aircraft Carrier Victorious: Detailed in the Original Builders' Plans
Aircraft Carrier Victorious: Detailed in the Original Builders' Plans
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Aircraft Carrier Victorious: Detailed in the Original Builders' Plans

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The technical details of British warships were recorded in a set of plans produced by the builders on completion of every ship. Known as the as fitted general arrangements, these drawings represented the exact appearance and fitting of the ship as it entered service. Intended to provide a permanent reference for the Admiralty and the dockyards, these highly detailed plans were drawn with exquisite skill in multi-coloured inks and washes that represent the acme of the draughtsmans art.Today they form part of the incomparable collection of the National Maritime Museum at Greenwich, which is using the latest scanning technology to make digital copies of the highest quality. This book is one of a series based entirely on these draughts which depict famous warships in an unprecedented degree of detail complete sets in full colour, with many close-ups and enlargements that make every aspect clear and comprehensible. Extensive captions point the reader to important features to be found in the plans, and an introduction covers the background to the design.HMS Victorious was a ship with two almost separate incarnations as built in 1941 she was one of a new type of armoured carrier which saw strenuous wartime service; post-war the ship underwent a massive reconstruction lasting nearly eight years that saw her recommission in1958 as one of the best equipped carriers in the world, ready for another decade of duty. Both these phases of the ships life are fully documented, which allows this novel form of anatomy to cover two generations of carrier design.
LanguageEnglish
Release dateSep 30, 2018
ISBN9781526737359
Aircraft Carrier Victorious: Detailed in the Original Builders' Plans

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    Book preview

    Aircraft Carrier Victorious - David Hobbs

    AIRCRAFT CARRIER

    VICTORIOUS

    Half title image: The badge for HMS Victorious is the figure of Nike, the classical winged Goddess of Victory holding aloft the laurel wreaths of triumph. The ship’s motto Per coelum et aequorum victrix translates as ‘Through air and sea victorious’.

    Frontispiece:Part of the profile, as fitted, 1941. (M0625)

    Copyright © Seaforth Publishing 2018

    Plans copyright © National Maritime Museum, Greenwich 2018

    This edition first published in Great Britain in 2018 by

    Seaforth Publishing,

    An imprint of Pen & Sword Books Ltd,

    47 Church Street,

    Barnsley

    South Yorkshire S70 2AS

    www.seaforthpublishing.com

    Email: info@seaforthpublishing.com

    Published in association with Royal Museums Greenwich,

    the group name for the National Maritime Museum,

    Cutty Sark, the Royal Observatory, and the Queen's House

    British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

    A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

    ISBN 978 1 5267 3734 2 (Hardback)

    Mobi ISBN 978 1 5267 3736 6 (Kindle)

    eISBN 978 1 5267 3735 9 (ePub)

    All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without prior permission in writing of both the copyright owner and the above publisher.

    CONTENTS

    INTRODUCTION

    Design

    Operating Aircraft

    Loan to the US Navy

    Wartime Modifications

    DECK PLANS, AS FITTED, 1941

    Bridge Structure, Navigating & Control Positions

    Flight Deck

    Upper and Lower Gallery Decks

    Hangar Deck and Upper Deck

    Main Deck and Lower Deck

    Platform Deck and Hold

    ENLARGED PROFILE AND SECTIONS, AS FITTED, 1941

    Stern to Station 168¼

    Station 168¼ to Station 161

    Station 161to Station 150

    Station 150 to Station 132

    Station 132 to Station 119

    Station 119 to Station 109

    Station 109 to Station 92

    Station 92 to Station 69

    Station 69 to Station 52

    Station 52 to Station 33

    Station 33 to Station 15

    Station 15 to Bow

    ENLARGED DECKS, AS FITTED, 1941

    Flight Deck

    Upper Gallery Deck

    Lower Gallery Deck

    Hangar Deck

    Upper Deck

    GATEFOLD PLANS

    Profile, as fitted, 1941

    Profile, as fitted, 1958

    Flight Deck, 1958

    MODERNISATION

    ENLARGED PROFILE AND SECTIONS, AS FITTED, 1958

    Stern to Station 168

    Station 168 to Station 145

    Station 145 to Station 130

    Station 130 to Station 105

    Station 105 to Station 80

    Station 80 to Station 65

    Station 65 to Station 57

    Station 57 to Station 40

    Station 40 to Station 17

    Station 17 to Bow

    ENLARGED DECKS, AS FITTED, 1958

    Island Decks

    Flight Deck, Aft

    Flight Deck, Forward

    No 2 Deck, Aft

    No 2 Deck, Forward

    No 2 Deck, Aft

    No 2 Deck, Forward

    No 3 Deck, Aft

    No 3 Deck, Forward

    No 4 Deck, Aft

    No 4 Deck, Forward

    No 5 Deck, Aft

    No 5 Deck, Forward

    No 6 Deck, Aft

    No 6 Deck, Forward

    No 7 Deck, Aft

    No 7 Deck, Forward

    No 8 Deck, Aft

    No 8 Deck, Forward

    No 9 Deck, Aft

    No 9 Deck, Forward

    SKETCH OF RIG, AS FITTED, 1958

    Starboard and Port Side Profiles

    Plan

    LATER REFITS

    No 4 (Hangar) Deck, 1966

    No 1 (Flight) Deck, 1966

    BIBLIOGRAPHY

    ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

    LIST OF PLANS

    ORIGINAL DESIGN

    The shortcomings of the Royal Navy’s first generation of aircraft carriers, most of them conversions from other types of vessel begun during the Great War, had been clearly appreciated by the early 1930s and design work on potential replacements begun. These reflected new generations of aircraft and more efficient means of operating them and, despite the delays imposed by various treaty restrictions and the financial crash, a single fleet carrier, Ark Royal , had been laid down in September 1935. In 1936 the quantitative limitation on carrier tonnage imposed by the Washington Treaty was to lapse and operational experience had been gained with the fleet deployments associated with the Abyssinian Crisis in 1935, but any further carriers would still have to be designed within the standard displacement of 23,000 tons agreed internationally at the London Naval Conference. By then the British Government had recognised that a simultaneous war against Germany, Italy and Japan was a distinct possibility and a major programme of re-armament was authorised. The warship construction programme authorised for 1936 included 2 aircraft carriers, 2 battleships and 7 cruisers but the Aircraft Carrier Section of Directorate of Naval Construction, DNC, under W A D Forbes was still heavily committed to preparing detailed drawings for Ark Royal , leaving little spare capacity for new design work.Therefore, forward plans in 1935 had assumed that the next fleet carriers would be improved repeats of Ark Royal together with several smaller trade protection carriers capable of embarking about 12 aircraft and intended to work with cruiser-led hunting groups. However, neither option was acceptable to Admiral Sir Reginald Henderson, Third Sea Lord and Controller who had, since 1934, been the Admiralty Board member responsible for new construction. Although he was not a pilot, he had commanded Furious and served as the first Rear Admiral Aircraft Carriers from 1931 to 1933.A staunch advocate of integrating aircraft into modern fleet operations, he had greater knowledge of both naval air warfare and practical carrier tactics than his Board colleagues.

    He believed that war was inevitable and that aircraft carriers would have to operate in the confined waters of the Mediterranean and North Seas under enemy attack with little or no support from the RAF; but unlike battleships or cruisers their primary weapons, the aircraft, had no protection against battle damage. Henderson’s solution to this perceived failing was an armoured hangar and the ships that emerged under his forceful direction were referred to as ‘armoured carriers’. This was a loose term, however, because previous carriers, including Ark

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