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    A Simple Guide for Growing Organic Mushrooms
    A Simple Guide for Growing Organic Mushrooms
    A Simple Guide for Growing Organic Mushrooms
    Ebook64 pages27 minutes

    A Simple Guide for Growing Organic Mushrooms

    By Roby Jose Ciju

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    About this ebook

    Mushrooms are a group of fleshy saprophytic fungi that are found growing on dead organic matter. Over 10,000 species of mushrooms are believed to be found naturally growing in moist, damp forests and soils rich in organic matter throughout the world. Among these, some are edible while others are toxic. A few species of mushrooms are known for their medicinal properties as well and hence they are known as medicinal mushrooms. A mushroom initially forms a minute fruiting body during its initial developmental stages. This fruiting body is called a pin because of its small size and this developmental stage is known as pin-stage. Later when these pins grow in size, they are called buttons. This stage during mushroom development is known as button-stage. Once buttons are formed, mushrooms grow or expand rapidly into enlarged fruiting bodies and caps. Some mushrooms expand overnight while others grow slowly. Edible mushrooms are often grouped along with vegetables and known as ‘Meat of the Vegetable World’.

    LanguageEnglish
    Publisheragrihortico
    Release dateMar 28, 2019
    ISBN9780463225899
    A Simple Guide for Growing Organic Mushrooms

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      Book preview

      A Simple Guide for Growing Organic Mushrooms - Roby Jose Ciju

      A Simple Guide for Growing Organic Mushrooms

      Roby Jose Ciju

      All Rights Reserved. No parts of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical. photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of agrihortico

      © 2013 AGRIHORTICO

      https://www.agrihortico.com

      Mushrooms: An Introduction

      Mushrooms are a group of fleshy saprophytic fungi that are found growing on dead organic matter. Over 10,000 species of mushrooms are believed to be found naturally growing in moist, damp forests and soils rich in organic matter throughout the world. Among these, some are edible while others are toxic. A few species of mushrooms are known for their medicinal properties as well and hence they are known as medicinal mushrooms.

      A mushroom initially forms a minute fruiting body during its initial developmental stages. This fruiting body is called a pin because of its small size and this developmental stage is known as pin-stage. Later when these pins grow in size, they are called buttons. This stage during mushroom development is known as button-stage. Once buttons are formed, mushrooms grow or expand rapidly into enlarged fruiting bodies and caps. Some mushrooms expand overnight while others grow slowly.

      Edible Mushrooms; Edible mushrooms are highly nutritious, high in essential amino acids and are with absolutely nil or less fat content. There is no cholesterol in them; they are easily digestible due to the presence of high fiber content, and can be compared with meat in their nutritional value. Edible mushrooms are often grouped along with vegetables and known as ‘Meat of the Vegetable World’.

      Edible mushrooms are easy to cultivate. While cultivating edible mushrooms, a number of substrate materials, mostly organic, may be used as their food materials such as paddy straw, saw dust, cotton waste, cocoa bean shell, and wooden logs. Most of the edible mushrooms like milky mushrooms, shiitake, Enoki, oyster mushrooms, paddy straw mushrooms, shaggy manes, Maitake mushrooms etc are members of the order Agaricales. They are suited for home-growing as well as for commercial production. A list of TEN major edible mushrooms is given below:

      Milky Mushrooms (Calocybe indica)

      Paddy Straw Mushrooms (Volvariella volvacea)

      White Button Mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus)

      The Brown Mushrooms (Agaricus bisporous Brown strain)

      Shiitake Mushrooms (Lentinula edodes)

      Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus spp)

      Enoki Mushrooms (Flammulina velutipes)

      Maitake Mushrooms (Grifola frondosa)

      Morel Mushrooms (Morchella esculenta)

      Chanterelle Mushrooms (Cantharellus cibarius)

      Milky and Paddy Straw Mushrooms

      Both milky mushrooms and paddy straw mushrooms are tropical and subtropical in growth habit and are popular in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world.

      Milky Mushrooms (Calocybe indica): These are milky-white delicate mushrooms which are one of the most delicious and nutritious mushrooms. Milky mushrooms are tropical in growth habit and are very popular in India and other Asian countries. It is found growing naturally in the damp, moist forest environments of Indian subcontinent. Favorable temperature range for its growth is considered to be 25-30o C. Nutritional value of 100 grams of edible portion of fresh milky mushrooms is given below:

      Carbohydrates: 10.21g

      Crude fibre: 1.12g

      Dietary fibre (insoluble): 41.05g

      Dietary fibre (soluble): 0.74g

      Energy: 51.46 kcal

      Fat: 0.15g

      Moisture: 84.84g

      Protein: 2.31g

      Paddy Straw Mushrooms (Volvariella volvacea): Paddy Straw mushrooms are subtropical in growth habit and are successfully grown in areas with high rainfall. Favorable temperature range for its growth is considered to be 30 - 35oC. They are very popular in India, China, Taiwan, Thailand and other South East Asian countries. Substrate material popularly used for its cultivation is

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