Historic Photos of Washington, D.C.
By Andrew B. Smith and Matthew Gilmore
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Historic Photos of Washington, D.C. - Andrew B. Smith
HISTORIC PHOTOS OF
WASHINGTON, D.C.
TEXT AND CAPTIONS BY MATTHEW GILMORE AND ANDREW BRODIE SMITH
The first separate building to house the Library of Congress, the Jefferson Building opened to the public in 1897. Architects Smithmeyer and Pelz based the front facade partly on the Paris Opera House. The library was the first fully expressed beaux-arts building in Washington, and more than 40 painters and sculptors were involved in the building’s decoration.
HISTORIC PHOTOS OF
WASHINGTON, D.C.
Turner Publishing Company
200 4th Avenue North • Suite 950
Nashville, Tennessee 37219
(615) 255-2665
412 Broadway • P.O. Box 3101
Paducah, Kentucky 42002-3101
(270) 443-0121
www.turnerpublishing.com
Historic Photos of Washington, D.C.
Copyright © 2007 Turner Publishing Company
All rights reserved.
This book or any part thereof may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2006937079
ISBN-13: 978-1-59652-329-6
ISBN: 1-59652-329-8
Printed in the United States of America
07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14—0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
PREFACE
TO THE END OF THE CIVIL WAR ERA (1860–1879)
THE NEW WASHINGTON
TO THE GILDED AGE 1880–1920)
ISOLATIONISM TO WAR (1921–1949)
POSTWAR GROWTH AND DECLINE (1950–1970)
NOTES ON THE PHOTOGRAPHS
This image depicts the cash vault inside the Department of Treasury in the 1910s.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This volume, Historic Photos of Washington, D.C., is the result of the cooperation and efforts of a number of organizations and individuals.
We would like to thank in particular the Library of Congress and the Washingtoniana Division of the D.C. Public Library.
We would also like to thank staff at the Washingtoniana Division and the Washington Star Collection for their assistance:
Mark Greek, Ryan Semmes, Faye Haskins, Jason Moore, Michelle Casto, and the chief of the division, Karen Blackman-Mills. Don Hawkins and Michael Harrison also provided useful insights.
—Matthew Gilmore and Andrew Brodie Smith, Authors
PREFACE
Washington, D.C., has hundreds of thousands of historic photographs, scattered through thousands of institutions across the United States. Many are widely published. This book brings together about 200 images from the collections of the Library of Congress and the Washingtoniana Division of the D.C. Public Library.
The photographs chosen for inclusion here suggest the richness of the collections from which they came. The Library of Congress images include those of numerous acclaimed photographers, including Frances Benjamin Johnston, Lewis Hine, and Gordon Parks, as well as lesser known photographers of the Farm Security Administration–Office of War Information, like Esther Bubley, Martha Roberts, David Myers, and John Vachon. The Washingtoniana photographs include those from the collections of Hugh Miller and Joseph Curtis.
The book is divided into four sections. The first section covers the Civil War era. The second section spans the 1880s to the 1920s. Section 3 moves from the 1920s to 1949. Section 4 concludes the book covering the 1950s to 1968.
Each section contains photographs illustrating the life and fabric of Washington, particularly that of a vanished downtown Washington. One can see the slow changes in (or remarkable persistence of) the architecture of Pennsylvania Avenue. Similarly, change came slowly to F and 7th streets. Much more dynamic is the street life—pedestrians, horses, wagons, streetcars, automobiles, and buses. We can measure the passage of time as these things change. In addition to hometown Washington, we see the evolution of the city of political theater, from the Grand Army Review and its diminishing echoes—the Grand Army of the Republic encampments, the presidential inaugural parades, and other marches on Pennsylvania Avenue—until groups swelled far beyond the capacity of that space and took to the Mall. We illustrate a city under threat in the Civil War to a city of threatened promise in 1968, through its downtown, citizens, and monumental works.
The goal in publishing this work is to provide broader access to a set of extraordinary photographs. The aim is to inspire, provide perspective, and evoke insight that might assist officials and citizens,